JP2002228372A - Gs cooling device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a gas cooling device capable of reducing the size of equipment. SOLUTION: Flow-in gas is cooled through a radiation heat transfer surrounded by a membrane 9 on the innermost side of multimembranes 8 and 9. The cooled gas flows in a convection heat transfer between the membranes 8 and 9. In addition to the opposite surfaces of the membranes 8 and 9 on both sides, banner pipes 8g and 8h form a heat transfer surface. By flow through the convection heat transfer where a given heat transfer surface area is ensured, further cooling to a given temperature is effected. Sufficient cooling of flow-in gas by radiation heat transfer and convection heat transfer is realized by one gas cooling device 3a.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a gas cooling device for cooling a gas by contacting a pipe through which a cooling medium flows.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a municipal waste pyrolysis gasification system for pyrolyzing municipal waste and gasifying it, for example, a gas cooling system for cooling a high-temperature flammable gas generated by the pyrolysis gasification so as to make effective use thereof. It has. The gas cooling equipment includes a radiation gas cooling device, a convection gas cooling device and a economizer in this order, and sequentially cools a high-temperature combustible gas to a predetermined temperature.

[0003]

Here, in the above-mentioned municipal solid waste pyrolysis gasification system, downsizing of gas cooling equipment is desired, but it is still insufficient. In particular, in a large-scale system with a waste disposal amount of, for example, 200 tons / day,
Miniaturization is required from the viewpoint of securing the site.

[0004] The present invention has been made to solve such problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a gas cooling device capable of reducing the size of equipment.

[0005]

A gas cooling apparatus according to the present invention is a gas cooling apparatus for cooling a gas by contacting a pipe through which a cooling medium flows. Construct a membrane part that is separated and connected, and multiplex this membrane part, provide a flag tube between these membrane parts, and flow gas in this order between the inner region of the innermost membrane part and between the membrane parts. It is characterized by.

[0006] According to the gas cooling device configured as described above, the inflowing gas is cooled by passing through the radiant heat transfer section surrounded by the innermost membrane section of the multiple membrane sections, and is cooled. The gas flows into the convective heat transfer section between the membrane sections, and in addition to the opposing faces of the membrane sections on both sides, the convection heat transfer section in which a predetermined heat transfer area is secured by the flag pipe being a heat transfer surface. By passing, it is further cooled to a predetermined temperature. As described above, sufficient cooling by the radiant heat transfer and the convective heat transfer to the inflowing gas is realized by one gas cooling device.

Here, a specific example of the flag tube is a structure connected to a pipeline of the membrane portion. Thereby, the gas cooling device is simply configured.

Further, when the multiple membrane portions are arranged coaxially in an annular shape, the pressure resistance is increased as compared with the case where the membrane portion is formed in a rectangular shape. When the flag tubes are arranged radially, sufficient cooling capacity can be obtained in the convection heat transfer section with a simple configuration.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a municipal solid waste pyrolysis gasification system to which a gas cooling device according to the present invention is applied.

This municipal solid waste pyrolysis gasification system is designed to pyrolyze municipal solid waste to gasify it, and to cool the high-temperature flammable gas generated by the pyrolysis gasification to remove clean ash and harmful substances. It is a system that collects as a reactive gas and uses it effectively.

In this system, a gasification furnace 1 for pyrolyzing municipal waste A to gasify it and a gas cooling facility 3 for cooling the combustible gas discharged from the gasification furnace 1 to a predetermined temperature.
And a bag filter (dust collector) 4 installed in the discharge path Y of the combustible gas discharged from the gas cooling facility 3 to collect harmful substances and dust in the combustible gas.

The gasifier 1 converts the input municipal waste A into
Pyrolysis and gasification at a temperature of about 900 ° C under a predetermined pressure, and solid matter B such as furnace ash generated by the pyrolysis gasification
Is appropriately discharged from the bottom, and the combustible gas generated in the gasification furnace 1 is discharged to a cyclone 2 as an attached solid-gas separation device. The cyclone 2 returns the separated solid matter into the gasification furnace 1 and supplies the separated combustible gas to the gas cooling facility 3 via the gas supply path X1.

The gas cooling system 3 includes a radiant / convective gas cooling device 3a and a economizer 3b in this order. The radiant / convective gas cooler 3a and the economizer 3b are connected to the gas supply path X2.
Has been contacted. The radiation / convection type gas cooling device 3a
In detail, it has a configuration described later, cools a combustible gas of about 900 ° C. supplied from the gasification furnace 1 to about 250 ° C., and the economizer 3 c has a known configuration that saves fuel. radiation·
The combustible gas of about 250 ° C. supplied from the convection gas cooling device 3a is further cooled to a predetermined temperature.

In this system, the gas cooling equipment 3
And a slaked lime supply device 5 for supplying slaked lime to a position upstream of the bag filter 4 in the discharge path Y. This slaked lime has not only a function as a dechlorinating agent that binds to chlorine as a harmful substance, but also a function as a sulfur removing agent that binds to sulfur as a harmful substance. The slaked lime supply device 5 is provided for the combustible gas flowing through the discharge path Y.
Slaked lime is supplied (mixed) using a supply medium gas such as nitrogen
I do.

The bag filter 4 collects solid substances C composed of harmful substances and dust in the combustible gas combined with the slaked lime and discharges them from the bottom as appropriate. Discharge gas D downstream.

Next, a radiation / convection type gas cooling device 3a which is a feature of this embodiment will be described. Figure 2 shows the radiation
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional configuration diagram showing a convection type gas cooling device 3a.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a water pipe of a membrane section provided with an orifice together with a flag pipe, and FIG.
The enlarged view showing the hammer seat of the hammering device inside,
FIG. 6 is a diagram shown by arrows QQ in FIG. 5.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the radiation / convection type gas cooling device 3a is formed in a container shape having a body having a substantially hollow cylindrical shape. As shown in FIG. The lower part is bifurcated into branch portions 16a and 16b. One of the branch portions 16a is continuously provided at a lower portion at the center of the body portion, and the other branch portion 16b is provided at a lower portion outside the center of the body portion so as to surround the one of the branch portions 16a. A gas supply path X1 is provided on a side surface of one branch portion 16a.
A gas inlet 6 for introducing a flammable gas flowing through the inside is provided, and a gas outlet 7 for discharging the flammable gas cooled inside to a gas supply path X2 is provided on a side surface of the other branch portion 16b. ing.

Further, the radiation / convection type gas cooling device 3a
As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, a water pipe 9 a extending vertically and through which cooling water flows, as shown in FIG.
A large number are provided side by side in the circumferential direction. These water pipes 9a,
9a are annularly separated from each other and connected to each other by a connecting plate 9b, and a so-called membrane portion 9 is formed inside the body. The area 11 surrounded by the membrane section 9 is shown in FIG.
As shown in the figure, the gas inflow region 1 in one branch portion 16a
It is connected to the gas inlet 6 via 6c.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, similarly, a large number of water tubes 8a, 8a, which are arranged side by side in the circumferential direction and are annularly separated from each other, are connected to each other by a connecting plate 8b. A membrane portion 8 which is connected and coaxially arranged with the membrane portion 9 is provided, and the membrane portion 8 constitutes a body portion of the radiation / convection type gas cooling device 3a. As shown in FIG. 3, the water pipes 8a and the water pipes 9a are arranged in a staggered arrangement alternately and alternately along the circumferential direction. And the area | region 12 between the membrane parts 8 and the said membrane parts 9 is shown in FIG.
The other branch portion 16b is connected to the gas outlet 7 via a gas outflow region 16d. A region 12 between the membrane portions 8 and 9 is a region 1 surrounded by the membrane portion 9 via an upper region 15 defined in the upper portion of the body.
1

Each of the water tubes 8a constituting the membrane portion 8 is connected such that U-shaped flag tubes 8g and 8h branching at a lower portion of the water tube 8a and merging at an upper portion project toward the membrane portion 9. Have been. The flag tube 8h is formed by reducing the shape of the flag tube 8g, and is disposed so as to be located inside the flag tube 8g in the vertical direction. These flag tubes 8g, 8
As shown in FIG. 3, h is radially arranged toward the axis of the membrane portions 8 and 9.

The water pipe 9 constituting the membrane section 9
As shown in FIG. 2, the lower portions of a and 9a are connected by an annular water pipe 9c, and the cooling water flowing into the water pipe 9c from the cooling water inlet 9e can flow into each of the water pipes 9a and 9a. The upper part is connected by an annular water pipe 9d, and the cooling water of each of the water pipes 9a, 9a is allowed to flow out of the cooling water outlet 9f through the water pipe 9d.

Water tubes 8a, 8a constituting the membrane section 8
Similarly, the lower portions thereof are connected by an annular water pipe 8c so that the cooling water flowing into the water pipe 8c from the cooling water inlet 8e can flow into each of the water pipes 8a, 8a. Are connected by an annular water pipe 8d, so that the cooling water in each of the water pipes 8a, 8a can flow out of the cooling water outlet 8f through the water pipe 8d. Water pipes 8a, 9a and connecting plates 8b, which constitute these membrane parts 8, 9,
9b, 8g, 8h flag tubes, 8c, 8d, 9c water tubes
9d is formed of the same material.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the water pipes 8a, 8a of the membrane section 8 from which the flag pipes 8g, 8h are branched are located at positions downstream (in the flow direction of the cooling water from the lower connection position with respect to the flag pipe 8h). An orifice 14 is provided at a position above the lower connection position with respect to the flag tube 8h), as shown in FIG. The orifice 14 throttles the flow rate downstream of the connecting position of the water pipe 8a with respect to the flag pipe 8h so that a larger amount of cooling water flows to the flag pipes 8g and 8h than the water pipe 8a.

In the radiation / convection type gas cooling device 3a having such a configuration, as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a flue through which the high-temperature flammable gas flowing from the gas inlet 6 flows upward from below is formed in the area 11 surrounded by. The water pipe 9a and the connecting plate 9b of the membrane section 9 forming the flue 11 serve as heat transfer surfaces, and the flue 11 and the membrane section 9 constitute a radiant heat transfer section.

In a region 12 between the membrane portions 8 and 9, a flue is formed in which a flammable gas, which has passed through the flue 11 and has been inverted through the upper region 15, flows downward from above. I have. The membrane portion 8 forming the flue 12,
9 and the opposing surfaces of the connecting plate and the flag tubes 8g and 8
h is a heat transfer surface, and the flue 12 and the membrane portion 8,
9 and the flag tubes 8g and 8h constitute a convection heat transfer section.

The distance between these membrane parts 8, 9 is
The interval is set so that the flow rate of the combustible gas flowing through the flue gas 12 is increased to a predetermined speed so as to prevent the dust in the combustible gas from adhering to the membrane portions 8, 9 and the flag tubes 8g, 8h. In the embodiment, the interval between the membrane portions 8 and 9 is set such that the flow rate of the combustible gas flowing through the flue 12 is, for example, 5 m / s to 10 m / s.

If the flow rate of the flammable gas in the flue 12 is lower than 5 m / s, the dust in the flammable gas
This is because they tend to adhere to the outer surfaces of the a and 9a, the connecting plates 8b and 9b, and the flag tubes g and 8h, and if the speed is higher than 10 m / s, a problem of pressure loss occurs.

Further, the radiation / convection type gas cooling device 3
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, when dust adheres to the membrane portions 8, 9 and the flag tubes 8g, 8h, the dust is removed, and the adhesion of the dust proceeds. The hammering device 13 for preventing all or a part of the flue 12 from being clogged should be arranged at three equally spaced positions in the circumferential direction (FIG. 3).
See).

The hammering device 13 includes a box-shaped hammering seat 13 a connected to the outer membrane portion 8, and a hammering seat 13 a.
hammering portion 1 supported by a and hammering the hammering seat 13a
3b.

The hammering seat 13a is located on the outside (hammering portion 13b side).
And a plurality of side plates 13d for connecting the hammering plate 13c and the connecting plate 8b of the outer membrane portion 8 to each other in the vertical direction. A plurality of partition plates 13e connected in parallel to the hammering plate 13c and the side plate 13d and connected to the water pipe 8a and the connecting plate 8b of the outer membrane portion 8, and the partition plate 13e and the inner membrane portion 9; And a plurality of hammering connecting plates 13f for connecting the water pipe 9a to the water pipe 9a.

The hammer 13b includes an actuator 13g such as an air cylinder. In the hammering device 13 including the hammering portion 13b and the hammering seat 13a, the movable portion of the actuator 13g of the hammering portion 13b protrudes, and thereby the hammering plate 13c of the hammering seat 13a.
The vibration caused by the hammering is transmitted to the outer membrane portion 8 via the hammering plate 13c, the side plate 13d, and the partitioning plate 13e, and is also transmitted through the partitioning plate 13e and the hammering connecting plate 13f. Is transmitted to the membrane section 9 of the first section.

Further, a radiation / convection type gas cooling device 3
a is a dust discharge port 17 (FIG. 2) for discharging dust spontaneously settled from the flow of dust and combustible gas removed by the hammering device 13 (these dusts are collectively referred to as dust E) to the outside of the device. ), The two branch portions 16a, 16
b.

According to the system configured as described above,
The municipal waste A charged into the gasifier 1 is pyrolyzed and gasified to generate a flammable gas at about 900 ° C. Chlorine contained in municipal waste gasifies when the municipal waste is heated to about 200 ° C. or higher. Therefore, this combustible gas contains chlorine and sulfur.

The combustible gas generated in the gasifier 1 is introduced into the radiant / convective gas cooling device 3a via the cyclone 2 and the gas supply path X1. In the radiation / convection type gas cooling device 3a, cooling water is supplied as shown by a dashed line arrow in FIG.

The flammable gas introduced into the radiant / convective gas cooling device 3a passes through the gas inflow region 16c in one of the branch portions 16a as shown by the solid arrows in FIG. It passes through the flue 11. At this time, the combustible gas contacts the water pipe 9a and the connecting plate 9b of the radiant heat transfer section and is cooled to about 450 ° C.

The cooled combustible gas is supplied to the upper region 1
The direction is reversed through 5 and the gas passes through the flue 12 between the membrane portions 8 and 9. At this time, the combustible gas is cooled by contacting the water pipe 8a and the connecting plate 8b and the flag pipes 8g and 8h of the convection heat transfer section.

Here, the combustible gas is supplied to the membrane section 8,
Since the flag tubes 8g and 8h serve as heat transfer surfaces in addition to the opposing surfaces 9 and a predetermined heat transfer area is secured, cooling is performed satisfactorily.

Further, since the orifice 14 is provided at a position downstream of the connecting position of the water pipe 8a of the membrane section 8 with the flag pipe 8h in the flow direction of the cooling water, the cooling water is smaller than the water pipe 8a. A large amount of heat flows into the flag tubes 8g and 8h, which have a high heat load, and cooling in the convection heat transfer unit is sufficiently performed.

Further, when the combustible gas passes through the flue 12, the interval between the membrane portions 8 and 9 is determined by the flue 1
Since the flow rate of the flammable gas flowing through the flammable gas 2 is set to an optimum interval of 5 m / s to 10 m / s, the dust in the flammable gas is removed from the water pipes 8a, 9a and the connecting plates 8b, 9b.
In addition, it is hardly attached to the flag tubes 8g and 8h, thereby preventing a decrease in cooling performance. Therefore, the combustible gas is more sufficiently cooled in the convection heat transfer section, and is cooled to a predetermined temperature of about 250 ° C.

Then, the cooled combustible gas is introduced into the economizer 3b via the gas supply path X2 through the gas outlet region 16d and the gas outlet 7 in the other branch portion 16b, and is cooled. It is discharged to the discharge path Y.

At this time, the radiation / convection type gas cooling device 3a,
In the economizer 3b, sensible heat is obtained when the combustible gas is cooled. This sensible heat is supplied to, for example, a refuse drying device for drying municipal waste, a power generation system, and a cooling and heating system employed in the municipal waste pyrolysis gasification system, and is effectively used.

Slaked lime is mixed by the slaked lime supply device 5 with the combustible gas discharged from the economizer 3c to the discharge path Y. Here, the combination of slaked lime with chlorine and sulfur is highly efficient when the gas temperature is 300 ° C. or lower, preferably lower than 300 ° C.
Chlorine in flammable gas at a temperature lower than ° C,
The sulfur content and slaked lime are combined with high efficiency, and the combined matter and dust are collected by the bag filter 4.

Therefore, clean flammable gas D, which is detoxified and dust-free, is recovered. This flammable gas D is used in the municipal solid waste pyrolysis gasification system. It is effectively used as a fuel for melting furnaces and refuse dryers for melting the bottom ash generated in the above, and as a combustible gas burned in a combustion furnace constituting a part of the power generation system.

As described above, in the present embodiment, sufficient cooling by radiant heat transfer and convective heat transfer to a high-temperature gas is performed by one gas cooling device 3a (conventionally, a radiation-type gas cooling device and a convection-type gas cooling device). (Two devices are required), so that the size of the gas cooling equipment 3 can be reduced.

Further, since the multiple membrane portions 8 and 9 are arranged coaxially in an annular shape, the pressure resistance is increased as compared with the case where the membrane portions 8 and 9 are formed in a rectangular shape. It is said that application to a gas cooling device is easy. Further, since the flag tubes 8g and 8h are arranged radially, sufficient cooling capacity can be obtained in the convection heat transfer section with a simple configuration.

When dust adheres to the membrane portions 8, 9 and the flag tubes 8g, 8h, a hammering device 13 may be used to remove the dust. By the hammering of the hammering device 13, the vibration of the hammering is transmitted to both the membrane parts 8, 9 and the flag tubes 8g, 8h at the same time, so that the dust can be removed without stopping the operation. Therefore, according to this embodiment, the operation efficiency is improved.

Further, since the hammering device 13 is configured to be able to simultaneously transmit vibrations caused by hammering to both of the membrane portions 8, 9 and the flag tubes 8g, 8h, the hammering device is connected to the membrane portions 8, 9 Need not be provided in accordance with the number (2 in the present embodiment), and cost reduction is achieved.

FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another gas cooling apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a view taken along the line RR in FIG. The radiation / convection type gas cooling device 23a is different from the radiation / convection type gas cooling device 3a in that the flag tubes 8g and 8h of the outer membrane portion 8 are eliminated, and the inner membrane portion 9 and the lower portion of the water pipe 9a are provided. Branch at the outer membrane part 8
Flag tube 9 that projects at the top of water tube 9a
g, 9h. The water pipe 9a of the membrane section 9 is provided with
An orifice 14 is provided at a position downstream of the branch point with the flag pipe 9h in the flow direction of the cooling water.

It is needless to say that the same effect as that of the above-mentioned radiation / convection type gas cooling device 3a can be obtained even with this configuration.

As described above, the present invention has been specifically described based on the embodiment. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, in the above embodiment, it is possible to increase the withstand voltage. Although the membrane portions 8 and 9 are formed in an annular shape in order to make it possible, the membrane portions 8 and 9 may be in a rectangular shape, for example.

In the above embodiment, the flag tubes 8g, 8h, 9g, 9h are formed in a U-shape to facilitate manufacture. However, the present invention is not limited to the U-shape. It may be.

In the above embodiment, the cooling medium of the radiation / convection type gas cooling devices 3a and 23a is cooling water. However, other cooling liquids or cooling gas may be used.

In the above-described embodiment, the radiation / convection type gas cooling devices 3a and 23a have two membrane portions, but may have three or more membrane portions. In this case, the gas flows between the membrane portions sequentially. From the viewpoint of production, double is particularly preferable.

Further, in the above embodiment, the application to the gasifier 1 for pyrolyzing the municipal solid waste A and gasifying the same is described. However, the application is not limited to this. The present invention can be similarly applied to a gasification furnace that decomposes and gasifies, and in short, is applicable to a gas cooling device that cools a gas by contacting a pipe through which a cooling medium flows.

[0055]

The gas cooling apparatus according to the present invention cools an incoming gas by passing the gas through a radiant heat transfer section surrounded by the innermost membrane section of the multiple membrane sections, and cools the cooled gas. By flowing into the convective heat transfer section between the sections and in addition to the opposing faces of the membrane sections on both sides, the flag tube is set as a heat transfer face and passes through the convection heat transfer section where a predetermined heat transfer area is secured. Furthermore, the cooling is performed to a predetermined temperature, and sufficient cooling by radiant heat transfer and convective heat transfer to the inflowing gas is realized by a single gas cooling device. It becomes possible.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a municipal solid waste pyrolysis gasification system to which a gas cooling device according to the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a gas cooling device according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a PP arrow of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a water pipe in a membrane portion having an orifice together with a flag pipe.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view illustrating a hammer seat of the hammer in FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a view shown by arrows QQ in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another gas cooling device according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a view taken along the line RR in FIG. 7;

[Explanation of symbols]

3 gas cooling equipment, 3a, 23a radiation / convection type gas cooling device (gas cooling device), 8, 9 membrane part, 8
a, 9a: water pipe (cooling medium pipe), 8g, 8h, 9g,
9h ... Flag pipe (cooling medium pipe).

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A gas cooling device for cooling a gas by contacting a pipe through which a cooling medium flows, comprising: a plurality of said pipes; forming a membrane portion for connecting these pipes in an annularly separated manner; A gas cooling apparatus comprising: a plurality of membrane portions; a flag tube provided between the membrane portions; and the gas flowing in this order between an inner region of the innermost membrane portion and the membrane portions. 2. The gas cooling device according to claim 1, wherein the flag pipe is connected to the conduit of the membrane part. 3. The gas cooling system according to claim 1, wherein each of the multiple membrane sections is coaxially arranged in an annular shape, and the flag pipes are arranged radially. apparatus.