JP2002227588A - Pipe and jacking machine and shield tunneling method by use of the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a drilling machine capable of reducing resistance when pressing by a pushing jack as much as possible to prevent a possibility of breakage of a shield pipe and realizing drilling over a long distance and provide a shield tunneling method by use of the drilling machine. SOLUTION: This drilling machine is provided with a drilling machine main body 2 forming a cuter head 4 at a tip, an expansible pipe 10 constituted such that it follows the drilling machine main body 2 and a tip side is inserted into the drilling machine main body 2 or the rear end side of the drilling machine main body 2 is inserted into the tip side, and a plurality of stroke jacks 9 whose one end is connected to the drilling machine main body 2 and whose other end is connected to the expansible pipe 10. The whole length of the drilling machine main body 2 and the expansible pipe 10 can be expanded and shrunk freely, and the drilling machine main body 2 advances forward due to the elongation of the stroke jacks 9.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a propulsion device used for forming a shaft or the like in soil and a shield method using the propulsion device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, semi-shield machines such as earth pressure semi-shield machines, mud pressurization semi-shield machines, and mud thick semi-shield machines, and / or these machines (hereinafter referred to as propulsion machines). The semi-shield construction method used is widely used when constructing horizontal shafts such as tunnels or sewage pipes underground because of the wide applicable soil quality and excellent operability. .

In this propulsion device, a cutter head which is driven to rotate at the tip is disposed, and a motor for driving the cutter head, and soil and mud excavated by the cutter head and taken into the inside are transferred. Transfer means and the like are formed. Such a propulsion device is propelled in a lateral direction from a starting shaft formed below the ground, and the driving source in the lateral direction is a driving force of a main pushing jack installed in the starting shaft. by. That is, in the shield method using the conventional propulsion device, the cutter head disposed on the propulsion device is driven, and at the same time, the original pushing jack is driven to press in the propulsion direction. After being propelled from the starting shaft for a predetermined length, a shield tube is inserted behind the propulsion device, and the rear part of the shield tube is pressed by the main push jack to further propell. By repeating such a process, a cross shaft or the like formed by a shield pipe is constructed behind the propulsion device.

[0004]

However, in the above-described shield construction method using the conventional propulsion device,
Because it is a method of pressing the propulsion device at the tip while pressing the tail shield tube with the main push jack, the more the number of the shield tubes from the propulsion device to the tail shield tube increases, the more the main push jack increases The resistance at the time of pressing becomes large, and in order to realize long-distance propulsion, not only must a large main jack be used, but the shield tube cannot withstand the pressing force of the main jack, The shield tube may be destroyed.

Accordingly, the present invention has been proposed to solve the problems of the above-described conventional propulsion device and the shield method using the propulsion device. It is an object of the present invention to provide a propulsion device capable of reducing as much as possible, preventing the possibility of breakage of a shield tube, and achieving long-distance propulsion, and a shield method using this propulsion device. .

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention has been proposed to solve the above problems, and the first invention (the invention described in claim 1) relates to a propulsion device. A thruster body having a cutter head formed at the tip thereof, and a tip end side inserted into the thruster body following the thruster body or a rear end side of the thruster body inserted into the tip end side. And a plurality of stroke jacks, one end of which is connected to the main body of the propulsion unit and the other end is connected to the main body of the propulsion unit. The overall length is made extendable and contractable, and the propulsion unit is propelled forward by extension of the stroke jack.

In the first aspect of the present invention, in the relation between the main body of the propulsion device and the telescopic tube following the main body of the propulsion device, the distal end side (front side) of the telescopic tube is inserted into the main body of the propulsion device. Or the rear end side of the main body of the propulsion device may be inserted into the front end side (front side) of the telescopic tube.

The second invention (the invention according to claim 2)
In the first aspect of the present invention, the telescopic tube has a reduced-diameter tube portion inserted into the propulsion device main body formed at a distal end side, and an outer diameter is provided behind the reduced-diameter tube portion. An enlarged-diameter tube portion having an outer diameter equal to the outer diameter of the propulsion unit body is formed, while the base end of the stroke jack is fixed to the propulsion unit body and the distal end of the stroke jack expands and contracts. It is characterized in that it is configured to be in contact.

The third invention (the invention according to claim 3)
In the first aspect of the present invention, the telescopic tube has a reduced-diameter tube portion inserted into the propulsion device main body formed at a distal end side, and an outer diameter is provided behind the reduced-diameter tube portion. An enlarged-diameter tube portion having an outer diameter equal to the outer diameter of the propulsion device body is formed, and a base end of the stroke jack is fixed to a telescopic tube and a distal end of the stroke jack that expands and contracts is formed in the propulsion device body. The contact plate is configured to be in contact with the contact plate.

A fourth invention (the invention according to claim 4)
In the first, second, or third invention, the stroke jack is driven to be reduced when the entire length from the front end of the propulsion device main body to the rear end of the telescopic tube is reduced,
The extension speed when the entire length from the front end of the propulsion unit to the rear end of the telescopic tube is extended can be changed in accordance with the excavating ability of the cutter head.

A fifth invention (an invention according to claim 5)
Relates to the shield method, wherein the first and second
Alternatively, by using any of the propulsion devices according to the third invention and the main push jack, the entire length of the propulsion device body and the telescopic tube that have been reduced so far can be reduced without changing the position of the telescopic tube. An extension excavation step of excavating the soil by a driving force of a cutter head formed at the tip of the propulsion unit body while extending by driving, and after the extension excavation step,
A shield pipe loading step of loading a new shield pipe at the end of the shield pipe group following the telescopic pipe, and after this shield pipe loading step, the propulsion unit body and the telescopic pipe extended using the main push jack are used. And a reduction step of reducing the overall length without changing the position of the propulsion unit main body, and passing through a cycle of the above-described extension excavation step, shield pipe loading step, and reduction step.

The sixth invention (the invention according to claim 6)
In the fifth aspect of the present invention, in the extension excavation step, the drive speed of the stroke jack is set to a speed corresponding to the excavation ability by the cutter head, and in the reduction step, the stroke jack is reduced in size. The extension operation of the original push jack is interlocked with the extension operation.

According to the above-described propulsion device or shield method according to the present invention, the object to be pressed by the main push jack is:
The telescopic tube excluding the thruster body and the shield tube group that follows the telescopic tube, and the distance that the telescopic tube and the shield tube group move when pressed by the main push jack substantially corresponds to the stroke length of the stroke jack It is a distance that does not cause the main push jack to bear the pressing force that is the propulsion force of the propulsion unit as in the past,
It is not required to use a large main push jack.
In other words, the conventionally used main pushing jack can realize the construction of a shaft or the like having a length that cannot be conventionally propelled (long-distance propulsion becomes possible). In addition, breakage and destruction of the shield tube, which has been conventionally considered as a problem in the course of long-distance propulsion, can be effectively prevented.

In particular, when the stroke jack constituting the propulsion device is driven to be reduced when the entire length from the front end of the propulsion device main body to the rear end of the telescopic tube is reduced, the resistance applied to the original pushing jack is shielded. Only the resistance required to press the tube group can be used, so that the burden of the main pushing jack can be reduced, and the shield tube can be further prevented from cracking or chipping. Further, for a stroke jack, the extension speed when the entire length from the front end of the propulsion unit main body to the rear end of the telescopic tube can be changed according to the excavating ability of the cutter head (that is, the cutter head depends on the soil quality). If the excavation speed of the cutter jack is high, the extension speed of the stroke jack is increased. Conversely, if the excavation speed of the cutter head is slow, the extension speed of the stroke jack is slowed. In this case, the resistance applied to the cutter head can be suppressed or the excavation speed can be increased. In other words, if the soil contains a large amount of gravel or the soil is hard, slowing down the extension speed of the stroke jack can prevent damage or destruction of the cutter head, and In addition, when the soil is soft and the excavation efficiency is good, the speed of the stroke jack is increased, so that the propulsion speed is increased. In the case of long-distance propulsion, the construction period can be shortened.

Hereinafter, the structure of a propulsion device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, and then a shield method using the propulsion device will be described in detail in the order of steps.

As shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2, a propulsion device 1 according to this embodiment includes a propulsion device main body 2 and a telescopic tube following the propulsion device main body 2. The propulsion device main body 2 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and a cutter head 4 is provided at a tip end. A number of cutter bits 4a for excavating the soil are fixed to the cutter head 4. In addition, a drive motor 5 for rotating and driving the cutter head 4 is built in the propulsion unit 2, and in the present embodiment, the propulsion direction of the propulsion unit 2 is set around the drive motor 5. Direction correction jacks 6 and 6 for controlling the operation of the motor are provided. The cutter head 4 has an opening (not shown) for taking mud excavated by the cutter bit 4a into the main body 2 of the propulsion device, and the mud taken into the main body 2 of the propulsion device through this opening. Is discharged to the ground through a thrust pipe described later, through the propulsion unit body 2, a telescopic pipe described later, and further through a shield pipe, and also passes through a starting vertical shaft serving as a starting point of a horizontal shaft.

Further, a rear pipe portion 8 is formed at a rear portion of the propulsion device main body 2. The trailing tube portion 8 is a tubular portion having the same outer diameter as the outer diameter of the propulsion device main body 2. In the trailing tube portion 8, stroke jacks 9, 9 constituting the present invention are provided. In the embodiment, four are provided. Each of these stroke jacks 9 is the same jack, is connected to and works with a main push jack described later, and can adjust the elongation speed as appropriate according to the excavated soil. The telescopic tube 10 is arranged behind the succeeding tube portion 8. The outer diameter of the distal end side of the telescopic tube 10 is a reduced diameter portion 10a that is reduced in diameter by the thickness of the subsequent pipe portion 8 from the outer diameter of the subsequent pipe portion 8, and the rear portion of the reduced diameter portion 10a is The reduced diameter portion 1
The outer diameter of the propulsion unit main body 2 is the same as the outer diameter of the propulsion unit body 2 and the outer diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the propulsion unit 2. The reduced diameter portion 10a is inserted into the succeeding pipe portion 9, and the distal ends of the telescopic rods 9a, 9a constituting the four stroke jacks 9, 9 are connected to the distal ends of the reduced diameter portion 10a. Contact member 10c formed on the surface
Is in contact with

That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the four stroke jacks 9 are disposed on both the upper left and right sides and the lower left and right sides in the succeeding pipe section 8 of the propulsion unit body 2, and extend and retract rods 9a ( The telescopic rod 9a (see FIG. 2) is abutted (or fixed) on the abutting member 10c of the reduced diameter portion 10a formed on the distal end side and inserted into the succeeding tube portion 8. In addition,
Inside the following pipe section 8, between the stroke jacks 9, 9 disposed on the lower left and right sides, a mud drain pipe 11 for conveying the mud taken in from the cutter head 4 to the base end side. Are arranged.

The shield tube 12 following the telescopic tube 10 is provided behind the telescopic tube 10 by a method described later.
Is located. At the most rear of these groups of shield tubes 12 is formed a starting shaft 13 which is first constructed when a horizontal shaft or the like is constructed by the propulsion device 1, and below the starting shaft 13. Is provided with a main push jack 14. A support structure 15 for supporting and driving the main pushing jack 14 is provided in the bottom direction of the starting shaft 13. In addition, this original push jack 1
In this embodiment, each of the stroke jack 4 and the stroke jack 9 is driven by hydraulic pressure. Therefore, the stroke jack 9 and the main push jack 14 are connected to a hydraulic circuit, and the hydraulic circuit is connected to a remote control panel 16 and a hydraulic unit 17 grounded on the ground. On the ground, a crane 18 for carrying the shield tube 12 provided at the rear end into the starting shaft 13 from the ground is provided.

Hereinafter, a shield method using the above-described propulsion device 1 will be described in detail. First, the starting shaft 13 is constructed downward from the ground, the above-mentioned support structure 15 is assembled, and the main pushing jack 14 is supported by the support structure 15. Next, the propulsion unit 2 is carried into the starting shaft 13 using the crane 18, and the propulsion unit 2 is driven by driving the main pushing jack 14 to form a horizontal shaft. As described above, when the horizontal shaft having a length substantially equal to the entire length of the propulsion device main body 2 is formed by driving the propulsion device main body 2, the telescopic tube 10 is then carried into the start vertical shaft 13 from the ground, and Reduced diameter portion 1 formed on the distal end side of telescopic tube 10
0a is connected to a subsequent pipe portion 8 formed at the rear end of the propulsion device main body 2.
From behind, the main push jack 14 is driven to insert. At this time, the four stroke jacks 9 are connected to the telescopic tube 1 driven by the main push jack 14.
The hydraulic circuit is opened so that the telescopic rod 9a is reduced by the movement of 0 (or the stroke jack 9 is reduced in advance). When the propulsion device main body 2 and the telescopic tube 10 are fixed in advance, the entire propulsion device 1 in which the propulsion device main body 2 and the telescopic tube 10 are integrated is used by using a crane 18. It is carried into the starting shaft 13, pressed to the tip side by the original pushing jack 14, and the shaft is sequentially formed while rotating the cutter head 4. Also in this case, the stroke jack 9,
9 is reduced.

When the telescopic tube 10 is moved by a length substantially equal to the length of the reduced diameter portion 10a of the telescopic tube 10, the driving of the main push jack 14 is stopped, and the main push jack 14 is fixed. State. In this state, the four stroke jacks 9 are driven while the drive motor 5 of the propulsion unit 2 is driven. By the driving of the stroke jack 9 and the driving of the drive motor 5, the entire length of the propulsion unit 2 and the telescopic tube 10, which have been reduced, is extended without changing the position of the telescopic tube 10. That is, since the position of the telescopic tube 10 whose rear end is fixed by the main pushing jack 14 is not changed, the propulsion unit 2 moves forward while excavating in the soil. Then, when the step of extending the stroke jack 9 by a predetermined length is completed, the main pushing jack 14 is then reduced, and then the shield pipe 12 is removed from the ground by using the crane 18 so that the starting shaft 13 Then, the front end of the shield tube 12 is brought into contact with the rear end of the telescopic tube 10, and the original pushing jack 14 is extended again. By driving the original push jack 14, the stroke jack 9 is reduced again, and the length from the propulsion unit 2 to the telescopic tube 10 is reduced.

That is, as shown in FIG. 1, a state in which the length from the front end of the propulsion unit main body 2 to the rear end of the telescopic tube 10 is reduced and the four stroke jacks 9 are also reduced is referred to as an initial state. Assuming that, in this state, the main push jack 14 is in an extended state,
From this state, the stroke jack 9 is driven to extend, and the drive motor 5 is driven to rotate the cutter head 4 at the tip. Then, since the shield tube 12 and the telescopic tube 10 already arranged in the horizontal shaft are fixed by the main pushing jack 14, the pressing force (thrust) of the stroke jack 9 acts on the propulsion unit body 2. ,
The propulsion unit 2 gradually advances (propells).
At this time, the pressing speed of the stroke jack 9 is appropriately changed depending on soil conditions such as whether the excavated soil is soft or hard, or whether a large amount of gravel is contained. And, by such advance of the propulsion unit 2,
The distance from the distal end of the propulsion unit 2 to the rear end of the telescopic tube 10 gradually increases, and finally the state shown in FIG. 4 is reached (extension excavation step). In addition, as shown in FIG.
After the distance from the front end of the propulsion unit 2 to the rear end of the telescopic tube 10 is maximized, the cutter head 4 does not move forward even if driven by the drive motor 5.

Then, when these steps are completed, the main push jack 14 that has been extended is then contracted, and the space between the tip of the main push jack 14 and the rearmost shield tube 12 is opened. New shield tube 12
Is transported into the start shaft 13 and a new shield tube 12 is set behind the last shield tube 12 (shield tube loading step). Such a new shield tube 1
When the loading and setting of 2 are completed, the main pushing jack 14 is extended and the stroke jack 9 is driven to reduce. By the driving of the main push jack 14, the propulsion unit body 2 which has been extended up to that point is
The length from the front end to the rear end of the telescopic tube 10 is reduced (reduction step), and the state returns to the state shown in FIG. When the length from the front end of the propulsion unit 2 to the rear end of the telescopic tube 10 is reduced as described above, in the present embodiment, the main push jack 1 is used.
4 is driven and the stroke jack 9 is also driven to expand and contract, so that the pressing force borne by the main push jack 14 acts to advance the shield tube 12 group, and the force for moving the expandable tube 10 is the stroke jack 9. , The burden on the original pushing jack 14 can be reduced. Therefore, the risk that the shield tube 12 is cracked or chipped due to the resistance caused by the forward pressure (movement) of the shield tube 12 due to the pressing force of the main push jack 14 can be prevented.

Therefore, by adopting a construction method in which the extension excavation step, shield pipe carrying-in step, and reduction step are repeated in order as a cycle, a group of shield pipes 12 is provided behind the excavated body by the propulsion unit 2. A shield is formed. In the extension excavation step, the force pressing the propulsion unit 2 during excavation by the propulsion unit 2 acts only on the propulsion unit 2 by the stroke jack 9, and the conventional shield Like the construction method, the pressing force of the main push jack is
And, it does not act on the entire shield tube 12 following the propulsion device main body 2. Therefore, when piping the shield tube 12 over a long distance, there is no need to make the main push jack 14 large, and the disposed shield tube 12 may be broken by the pressing force of the main push jack 12. It is possible to sufficiently prevent the risk of chipping.

In the propulsion device 1 described above, the telescopic tube 1 having a reduced outer diameter is inserted into the propulsion device 2 from behind the propulsion device body 2.
Although the example of inserting the distal end side (reduced diameter portion 10a) of the telescopic tube 0 is illustrated and described, in the present invention, the distal end side (reduced diameter portion 10a) of the telescopic tube 10 is necessarily inserted into the propulsion device main body 2. It is not necessary, for example, that the rear end side of the propulsion unit 2 may be inserted into the front end side of the telescopic tube 10. Also,
Even when the distal end side of the telescopic tube 10 is inserted into the propulsion unit main body 2 as in the above embodiment, the distal end of the telescopic rod 9a constituting the stroke jack 9 is attached to the telescopic tube 10 as described above. There is no need for contact, for example, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1, an annular contact plate 20 is provided in the propulsion unit main body 2, and the stroke jack 9 is provided on the rear surface of the contact plate 20.
The telescopic rod 9a is fixed, and the base end side is telescopic tube 1
A structure that abuts on 0 may be adopted.

[0026]

As is clear from the above description of the embodiment of the present invention, according to the present invention (the invention described in claim 1 and the invention described in claim 5), pressing is performed by the original push jack. The object is the telescopic tube excluding the thruster body and the shield tube group following the telescopic tube, and the distance that the telescopic tube and the shield tube group move when pressed by the main pushing jack is almost equal to the stroke length of the stroke jack. Since the distance corresponds to the distance and does not cause the main push jack to bear the pressing force acting as the propulsion force of the propulsion unit as in the related art, it is not necessary to use a large main push jack. In other words, the conventionally used main pushing jack can realize the construction of a shaft or the like having a length that cannot be conventionally propelled (long-distance propulsion becomes possible). In addition, breakage and destruction of the shield tube, which has been conventionally considered as a problem in the course of long-distance propulsion, can be effectively prevented.

Further, the second invention (the invention according to claim 2)
In the third and third inventions (the invention according to claim 3), the telescopic tube is formed with a reduced-diameter tube portion inserted into the main body of the propulsion device at a distal end side, and is provided behind the reduced-diameter tube portion. Since the enlarged diameter pipe portion whose outer diameter is equal to the outer diameter of the propulsion unit body is formed, the resistance that the telescopic tube receives on the outer peripheral surface can be sufficiently suppressed, and the shield over a longer distance can be further improved. Becomes possible.

Further, the fourth invention (the invention according to claim 4)
Then, the stroke jack is driven to be reduced when the total length from the distal end of the propulsion unit to the rear end of the telescopic tube is reduced, and the total length from the distal end of the propulsion unit to the rear end of the telescopic tube is extended. When the total length from the front end of the propulsion unit to the rear end of the telescopic tube is reduced, the load of the main jack is reduced because the extension speed can be changed according to the excavating ability of the cutter head. Can be further reduced, and breakage of the cutter head can be prevented, or a cross shaft can be efficiently constructed in a short time.

That is, according to the fourth invention and the sixth invention (the invention described in claim 6), when a large amount of gravel is contained in the soil or when the soil is hard, the stroke jack is not used. Slowing the extension speed can prevent damage or destruction of the cutter head, and conversely, if the soil is soft and excavation efficiency is good, increase the speed of the stroke jack to increase the propulsion speed ,
In the case of long-distance propulsion, the construction period can be shortened.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view schematically showing a propulsion device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged side sectional view showing a main part of the propulsion device shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a front cross-sectional view showing an arrangement state of a stroke jack in a succeeding pipe portion constituting the main body of the propulsion device.

FIG. 4 is a side sectional view showing a state after the stroke jack has been extended from the state shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a side sectional view showing a state after a new shield tube is loaded and set.

FIG. 6 is a side sectional view showing a main part of another example of the propulsion device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Propulsion machine 2 Propulsion machine main body 4 Cutter head 9 Stroke jack 10 Telescopic tube 10a Reduced diameter portion 10b Large diameter portion 12 Shield tube 13 Start vertical shaft 14 Main push jack

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A propulsion unit main body having a cutter head formed at a front end thereof, a front end side being inserted into the propulsion unit main body following the propulsion unit main body, or a rear end side of the propulsion unit main body being a front end. And a plurality of stroke jacks, one end of which is connected to the main body of the propulsion unit and the other end of which is connected to the main body of the propulsion unit. The total length up to the rear end is
A propulsion device, which is configured to be extendable and contractable, and that the propulsion device body is propelled forward by extension of the stroke jack. 2. A reduced diameter tube portion inserted into the main body of the propulsion device is formed on the distal end side of the telescopic tube. An enlarged-diameter tube portion having an outer diameter equal to the outer diameter is formed, while a base end of the stroke jack is fixed to a propulsion unit main body and a distal end of the stroke jack expands and contracts with the telescopic tube. The propulsion device according to claim 1, wherein the propulsion device is configured as described above. 3. The telescopic tube has a reduced-diameter tube portion inserted into the main body of the propulsion unit formed on the distal end side, and an outer diameter of the main body of the thruster main body behind the reduced-diameter tube unit. An enlarged-diameter pipe portion having an outer diameter equal to the outer diameter is formed, and a base end of the stroke jack is fixed to a telescopic tube, and a tip end of the stroke jack that expands and contracts is formed on the propulsion unit main body. The propulsion device according to claim 1, wherein the propulsion device is configured to be in contact with a contact plate. 4. The stroke jack is driven to be reduced when the total length from the front end of the propulsion unit main body to the rear end of the telescopic tube is reduced, and the total length from the front end of the propulsion unit main body to the rear end of the telescopic tube is reduced. The propulsion device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein an extension speed when the extension is performed can be changed in accordance with an excavating ability of the cutter head. 5. Using the propulsion device according to claim 1, 2 or 3 and a main pushing jack, the total length of the propulsion device main body and the telescopic tube, which have been reduced so far, is determined by the position of the telescopic tube. An extension excavation step of excavating the soil by a driving force of a cutter head formed at the tip of the propulsion device body while extending by driving a stroke jack without changing the length of the propulsion unit. A shield pipe loading step of loading a new shield pipe at the end of the shield pipe group to be performed, and after the shield pipe loading step, the total length of the propulsion unit body and the telescopic pipe extended by using the main pushing jack is determined by the propulsion unit. A shrinking process for reducing the size of the main body without changing the position thereof, and a cycle of the above-mentioned extension excavation process, shield tube loading process, and shrinking process. 6. In the extending excavation step, the drive speed of the stroke jack is set to a speed according to the excavation ability by a cutter head, and in the reducing step, the stroke jack reducing operation and the main pushing jack are performed. 6. The shield method according to claim 5, wherein the extension operation is performed in conjunction with the extension operation.