JP2002219584A - Friction welding method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a friction welding method capable of enhancing the joining strength between members by making the cladding of a joining part on the surface side of a groove part large. SOLUTION: On plate members 1, 2, groove faces 1A, 2A inclined aslant toward the opposing end of the plate members and edge ends 1B, 2B are previously provided. In the state where the edge ends 1B, 2B of the plate members 1, 2 are butted interposing a gap G, and on the back side thereof, a backing member 4 is disposed, and high-speed rotation is conducted, while pressing a cladding member 5 to the groove part 3 of the plate members 1, 2. In this way, high temperature friction heat is generated on the both friction contact face sides to plastically fluidize the friction contact parts, and thereby the cladlike joined part is formed. And in the plate members 1, 2 to be joined, as the friction heat is transmitted from the side of the edge ends 1B, 2B to the backing metal 4 side, the accumulation of this heat in the side of the edge ends 1B, 2B can be suppressed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a friction joining method in which two members such as a flat plate are joined by friction heat.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, when joining two metal members, the members to be joined are heated and melted using a heat source such as an arc (electric arc), a laser, or an electron beam, and the molten metal is re-solidified. The joining method is widely used.

However, in such a joining method utilizing the melting and re-solidification of a metal, it is necessary to input a large amount of energy to heat the metal member to a melting temperature, and it is inevitable that the equipment becomes large. Further, at the stage where the metal member is heated and melted, a part of the member may evaporate and scatter to the surroundings, and the influence of such evaporated metal deteriorates the working environment and causes an adverse effect on the human body.

On the other hand, as described above, British Patent No. 572,789 discloses a friction joining method for joining two members (plate materials) using frictional heat without melting a metal member. It has been known.

[0005]

In the joining of the two plates shown in the above-mentioned British patent, these plates are
For example, it is formed in a flat plate shape having a plate thickness by a metal plate such as a steel plate, and a groove portion that expands in a substantially V-shape is provided on the opposite end side.

In this case, the groove portion is formed of an inclined surface formed by obliquely cutting the opposite end side of each plate material at a predetermined angle, and the tip of this inclined surface is an acute edge end. I have. Each of the plate members is friction-welded by a build-up material in a state where the edge ends are brought into line contact with each other, but in the above-described conventional technology, the depth of the groove portion is limited by the plate thickness of the plate member. Since the tip of the inclined surface is an acute edge, the following problem may occur.

That is, when the build-up material is rotated at a high speed while being pressed against the inclined surface of each plate, the plastic fluidized portion generated by the frictional heat of the two is pushed out to the back side of the plate at the edge end side of each plate. In some cases, it is difficult to increase the thickness of the joint portion on the front surface side of the groove portion, and there is a problem that the joining strength tends to decrease.

In particular, since the plate material abuts the edge edges forming an acute angle in a line contact state, the frictional heat may be excessively plasticized (softened) due to the edge edges and excessively softened. The edge end thus formed is deformed so as to protrude toward the back side of the plate material by the pressing force from the overlay material, and there is a possibility that the shape of the joint portion may be deteriorated.

Further, when the joint is abnormally deformed, distortion or the like is generated between the sheet materials, not only the joint strength of the two members is reduced, but also the inclination and the like remain between the sheet materials, the commercial value is reduced, and the product yield is reduced. There is a problem of getting worse.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to increase the thickness of the joint at the surface side of the groove, and to reduce the joint strength between members. It is an object of the present invention to provide a friction joining method which can increase the product yield while increasing the product yield.

[0011]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention of claim 1 is directed to two members having a groove portion formed between inclined surfaces provided at end portions facing each other. On the other hand, a fixing step of fixing the two members together with a backing material in a state in which the backing material is in contact with the back side of the groove, and a consumable meat in a state where the two members are fixed. A frictional heat generating step of generating frictional heat by relative movement while pressing an end portion of the filling material against the inclined surface of the groove portion;
A friction joining method comprising a joining step of joining the two members to each other by moving the build-up material in parallel with the backing material while supplying the material to the groove side of the two members.

According to the friction joining method of the first aspect, the two members to be joined are formed with a groove for joining by the inclined surfaces provided on the opposite end sides, and the back surface of the groove is formed. The joining work is performed with the backing material in contact with the side, so that the overlaying material is pressed against the surface side of the groove (inclined surface) formed between the two members, and The frictional heat generated when the movement is repeated is transmitted from the front side to the back side of the groove, and is also conducted to the backing material. Thereby, it is possible to suppress the frictional heat from being trapped on the front end side of the inclined surface of each member, and it is possible to prevent the front end side of the inclined surface from being excessively plastically fluidized (softened).

Further, the build-up material comes into frictional contact with the inclined surface of the groove at the middle thereof, and is pressed so as to penetrate deeply into the bottom of the groove as the contact surface gradually plasticizes. Since the member is moved in parallel with the backing material while continuing the relative movement, the friction contact portion between the two members on the inclined surface side and the overlay material plastically flows, and the plastic fluidized portion and the overlay material adhered thereto As the build-up material serving as the heating source moves away, a part of the build-up becomes a build-up joint and solidifies, and the joint allows the two members to be integrally joined.

Since the backing material is provided on the back side of the groove between the inclined surfaces of the two members, the backing material prevents the material softened by plastic flow from flowing to the back side of the groove. In addition to this, the rigidity of the member against the pressing force from the overlay can be secured by the backing material, and the shape of the joint can be stabilized.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the backing member is formed using a material substantially equal to the two members or a material softer than the members. Thereby, the backing material can be formed from an inexpensive material, and the shape of the joint can be stabilized while securing the rigidity of the member against the pressing force from the overlay.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a friction joining method and apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. In this case, FIGS. 1 to 7 show a first embodiment of the present invention.

In the drawings, reference numerals 1 and 2 denote plate members to be joined in this embodiment which are members to be joined. These plate members 1 and 2 are formed in a flat plate shape having a thickness T by a metal plate such as a steel plate. I have. Then, the plate materials 1 and 2 are formed by obliquely cutting the opposite end sides thereof at a fixed angle, so that the groove surfaces 1A,
2A are formed, and the tips of the groove surfaces 1A, 2A are sharp edge edges 1B, 2B.

A groove portion 3 is formed between the groove surfaces 1A and 2A of the plate members 1 and 2 to expand in a substantially V-shape.
Are formed with an opening angle θ of, for example, 60 to 150 degrees as shown in FIG. The groove portion 3 is set to a predetermined width dimension (hereinafter, referred to as a groove width W).
Is larger than the outer diameter D of the later-described overlay 5 as shown in FIG. 4 (W> D).

Then, the two plate members 1 and 2
In a state where B and 2B are opposed to each other with the gap G interposed therebetween, friction welding is performed by a build-up material 5 described later. In this case, the gap G between the edge ends 1B and 2B is, for example, 0 to
The size is preferably set to about 25 mm, and more preferably to about 10 to 17 mm. Note that the gap G can be set to zero (G = 0). In this case, the gap G does not necessarily have to be formed.

Reference numeral 4 denotes a backing material provided in contact with the back surfaces of the plate materials 1 and 2, and the backing material 4 is substantially the same material as the plate materials 1 and 2 or a material softer than the plate materials 1 and 2 (for example, , And is formed as a flat plate having a plate thickness Tu (Tu <T) smaller than the plate thickness T of the plate members 1 and 2. And the backing material 4 is the plate material 1,
It has a length that covers the groove 3 between the two over the entire length from the back side.

Reference numeral 5 denotes a build-up material for frictionally joining the plate materials 1 and 2, and the build-up material 5 is formed as an elongated cylindrical rod-shaped body using the same material as the plate materials 1 and 2. The outer diameter D is smaller than the groove width W as shown in FIG. The lower end of the overlay 5 is pressed in the direction of the arrow A in FIG. 1 toward the inside of the groove 3 between the plates 1 and 2 by using a friction welding device 11 described later. In this state, it is rotated at a high speed in the direction of arrow B in FIG.

As a result, the build-up material 5 generates frictional heat between the groove portions 3 of the plate materials 1 and 2, and the frictional heat generates a plastic fluidized region in a frictional contact portion between the two. And this plastic fluidization part gradually solidifies,
An overlaid joint 6 as shown in FIG. 7 is formed.

In this case, a part of the plastic fluidized lower end portion of the build-up material 5 adheres to the surface side of the groove portion 3 as a build-up joining portion 6, and the remaining plastic fluidization is performed. The part is Fig. 6
As shown in FIG. 6, the solidified portion 7 has a wedge shape and remains on the lower end side of the overlay 5.

Next, with reference to FIG. 2, a description will be given of the friction welding device 11 employed in the present embodiment. The friction welding device 11 has a lower leg portion 12 and a lower leg portion 12. It comprises an elevating table 13 which can be moved up and down and an electric motor 19 and a chuck 20 which will be described later.

Reference numeral 14 denotes a support table provided on the elevator 13, and 15 and 15 denote the support table 14 on the elevator 13.
2 shows a pressurizing cylinder which is driven up and down, and these pressurizing cylinders 15 are disposed between the leg 12 of the friction welding device 11 and the lift 13, for example, as indicated by an arrow A 1 in FIG.
By pushing the lift 13 in the direction, the overlay 5 is relatively pressed in the direction of the arrow A toward the plates 1 and 2.

Reference numeral 16 denotes a slide table slidably provided on the support table 14. The slide table 16 is driven by a slide device 17 in the direction of arrow C in FIG. The plate members 1 and 2 are firmly fixed on the slide base 16 with bolts (not shown) or the like with the edge ends 1B and 2B facing each other with the gap G interposed therebetween as shown in FIG. It is.

The upper surface of the slide base 16 is
A concave portion (not shown) for accommodating the backing material 4 shown in FIG. 4 is formed, and the plate materials 1 and 2 and the backing material 4 are Fix it so that it does not move.

Reference numeral 18 denotes a motor stand provided on the leg portion 12 at the rear side of the support table 14, and 19 denotes an electric motor serving as a rotation source provided on the upper side of the motor stand 18; Reference numeral 19 drives the chuck 20 for gripping the overlay 5 in the direction of arrow B. Thereby, the overlay 5 is, for example, from 1600 to 3000 rpm.
It is rotated at about the speed.

The pressing force for pressing the overlay 5 against the plates 1 and 2 in the direction indicated by the arrow A is set to, for example, about 0 to 90 MPa. On the other hand, the feed speed moved in the direction of arrow C is set, for example, to about 0.1 to 6 mm / sec.

The friction welding device 11 according to the present embodiment
Next, the friction bonding apparatus 1 having the above-described configuration will be described.
The joining method between the plate materials 1 and 2 according to 1 will be described with reference to FIGS.

First, as shown in FIG. 3, the plate materials 1 and 2 to be joined are preliminarily formed with beveled surfaces 1A and 2A as inclined surfaces by diagonally cutting the opposite end sides at a predetermined angle. The tip sides of these groove surfaces 1A, 2A are defined as acute-angled edge ends 1B, 2B.

Then, the plate members 1 and 2 are placed on the slide table 16 shown in FIG. 2, and the edge ends 1B and 2B of the plate members 1 and 2 are opposed to each other with the gap G interposed therebetween, thereby forming a groove between the groove surfaces 1A and 2A. The plate members 1 and 2 and the backing material 4 are moved on a slide base 16 using bolts or the like while the backing material 4 is in contact with the back side of the groove portion 3 while the portion 3 is being formed. It is fastened so as not to be fixed (fixing step).

Next, with the plate members 1 and 2 fixed on the slide table 16, the overlay 5 is inserted into the groove 3 as shown in FIG. The groove face 1A,
Press down on midway 2A.

That is, the pressurizing cylinder 15 of the friction welding device 11 shown in FIG.
Simultaneously with the direction indicated by the arrow A1.
Are pressed relatively in the direction of arrow A toward the plate materials 1 and 2. Then, in this state, the electric motor 19 is driven to rotate the overlay 5 at a high speed at a rotation speed of, for example, about 1600 to 3000 rpm.

As a result, as shown in FIG. 4, the lower end side of the cladding material 5 continues to be in frictional contact with the groove surfaces 1A and 2A of the groove portion 3 at the middle portion thereof. Heat is generated on the contact surface side of both (friction heat generation step). The heat generation temperature due to the frictional heat at this time is set to a temperature lower than the melting point of the plate materials 1 and 2 (for example, about 1500 ° C.).

The contact surface between the groove surfaces 1A and 2A of the plate materials 1 and 2 and the overlay 5 is gradually plastically fluidized and softened as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 by the frictional heat. Become. Further, the overlay 5 is pressed by the pressing force in the direction of the arrow A so as to penetrate deep into the bottom side of the groove 3 as the contact surface plastically fluidizes.

Here, the heat generated by the frictional contact En
Is calculated as the product of the friction coefficient μ, the constant K, the pressing force F of the overlay 5 in the direction indicated by the arrow A, and the moving distance L as shown in the following equation 1.

[0038]

## EQU1 ## En = μ × K × F × L

The moving distance L of the overlay 5 is larger at the outer peripheral portion than at the inner peripheral portion due to the rotational movement of the overlay 5. Further, since the friction coefficient μ decreases with the softening of the material due to the rise in temperature, the middle portions of the groove surfaces 1A and 2A in contact with the harder portions of the overlay 5 have a higher coefficient of friction than the other portions. μ increases.

As a result, the middle portion of the groove surface 1A, 2A where the outer peripheral side of the overlay 5 is in frictional contact becomes a starting point of heat generation, and the frictional heat is transmitted to the entire surface side of the groove portion 3, and this middle portion is formed. The portion becomes the center of heat generation due to frictional contact.

Since the volume of plastic fluidization on the outer peripheral side of the overlay 5 is larger, the plastic fluidization generated between the outer peripheral side of the overlay 5 and the middle portions of the groove surfaces 1A and 2A. The portion expands downward or upward from the middle of the groove surfaces 1A and 2A, and is supplied such that the plastic fluidized portion goes deeper into the backing material 4 side toward the bottom side of the groove portion 3.

Next, in this state, when the slide base 16 starts to be driven in the direction of arrow C in FIG. 2 by the slide device 17, the overlay 5 is moved along the edge ends 1B and 2B of the plates 1 and 2. 1 relatively moves in the direction of arrow C. Then, a part of the lower end side of the plastic fluidized build-up material 5 is left behind and adheres to the surface side of the groove portion 3 (the groove surface 1A, 2A) of the plate material 1, 2.

The plastic fluidized portion generated on the surface side of the groove 3 and a part of the build-up material 5 adhering to the plastic-fluid portion are increased as the build-up material 5 serving as a heating source moves away, as shown in FIGS. As shown in FIG. 7, the solidified material is formed into the overlaid joining portion 6, and the plate material 1 and the backing material 4 can be integrated and joined together by the joining portion 6 (joining step).

In this case, a part of the lower end portion of the build-up material 5 that has been plastically fluidized adheres to the surface side of the groove portion 3 as a build-up joint 6, and the remaining plasticized fluidized material is formed. The part is Fig. 6
As shown in FIG. 6, the solidified portion 7 has a wedge shape and remains on the lower end side of the overlay 5.

When the next friction welding operation is performed, the build-up material 5 is gradually plastically fluidized again from the solidified portion 7 side, so that the build-up material 5 5 is formed.

Thus, according to the present embodiment, with respect to the plate materials 1 and 2 to be joined, the groove surfaces 1A and 2A and the edge ends 1B and 2B inclined obliquely at a predetermined angle are provided on the opposite end sides. After being formed in advance, the cladding material 5 is rotated at high speed while pressing the cladding material 5 against the groove 3 of the plate materials 1 and 2 in a state where the edge ends 1B and 2B of the two are butted with the gap G interposed therebetween, and the relative movement between the two is performed. Since the repetition is performed, high-temperature frictional heat can be generated on the friction contact surfaces of the two.

In this state, while the overlay 5 is being rotated, the overlay 5 is moved in parallel with the backing material 4 along the edge ends 1B and 2B of the plate materials 1 and 2 so that plastic fluidization occurs. A part of the lower end of the overlay 5 is left behind and adheres to the surface of the groove 3 of the plate 1 or 2. Further, the frictional contact portion with the overlay 5 can be plastically fluidized also on the groove surfaces 1A and 2A of the groove portion 3.

As a result, the plastic fluidized portion on the side of the groove 3 and a part of the build-up material 5 attached thereto are formed into a build-up joining portion 6 as the build-up material 5 serving as a heating source moves away. It can be solidified, and the plate members 1 and 2 can be integrally joined at the position of the groove portion 3 by the joint portion 6.

Further, since the plate materials 1 and 2 to be joined are joined in a state where the backing material 4 is brought into contact with the edge ends 1B and 2B from the back side, the plate materials 1 and 2 are joined.
On the side of the groove 3 between the two, the frictional heat generated when the overlay 5 is rotated at a high speed while being pressed is generated by the edge ends 1B and 2B of the two.
Side to the backing material 4 side, this heat is transferred to the edge ends 1B,
It is possible to suppress the stagnation on the 2B side.

The backing material 4 is brought into contact with the back surface of the groove 3 so that the heat capacity at the edge ends 1B and 2B can be increased by the backing material 4. , 2B side can be prevented from being excessively plastically fluidized and softened.

Further, the backing material 4 arranged on the back surface side of the groove portion 3 can prevent the material softened by plastic flow from flowing from the edge ends 1B and 2B of the plate materials 1 and 2 to the back surface side, The rigidity of the plate materials 1 and 2 against the pressing force from the embossing material 5 can be ensured, and the shape of the joint 6 can be a stable joint shape as shown in FIG.

Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the plate members 1,
The thickness of the welded portion 6 can be increased on the surface side of the groove portion 3 provided between the two, and the bonding strength between the plate materials 1 and 2 can be reliably increased. Further, by stabilizing the shape of the joining portion 6, the commercial value of the plate materials 1, 2 and the like subjected to the friction joining can be increased, and the yield of the product can be improved.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the groove portion 3 between the plate materials 1 and 2 sets the opening angle θ between the groove surfaces 1A and 2A to 60, for example.
Experiments have also confirmed that by setting the angle in the range of 150 degrees, the shape of the joint 6 can be stabilized, and the joining strength between the plate materials 1 and 2 can be reliably increased.

That is, as in the comparative example shown in FIG. 8, when the opening angle θ ′ at the groove 3 ′ between the plate materials 1 ′ and 2 ′ is set to an angle smaller than 60 degrees, for example, ′
Even if plastic fluidization occurs at the lower end side of the groove, the plastic fluidized portion does not reach the bottom side of the groove portion 3 ', and the unjoined portion of the joint portion 6' is at the bottom side of the groove portion 3 '. Occurs.

The reason for this is that if the opening angle θ 'of the groove 3' is reduced, the center of the groove 3 ', which is the center of heat generation, is shifted from the middle to the bottom of the groove 3' (backing material). 4 '), the bottom of the groove 3' stays at a relatively low temperature, and the unjoined part of the joint 6 'is the bottom side of the groove 3', the backing material 4 'side. It is presumed that this occurs.

Also, as in another comparative example shown in FIG. 9, even when the opening angle θ ′ at the groove 3 ′ between the plate members 1 ′ and 2 ′ is set to an angle larger than, for example, 150 degrees, An unjoined portion due to the joining portion 6 'may be generated on the bottom side of the groove 3', on the backing material 4 'side.

If the outer diameter of the build-up material 5 'is formed to be sufficiently smaller than the width (groove width) of the groove portion 3' within a range larger than the gap G, Even when the opening angle θ 'of the groove 3' is set to an angle larger than 150 degrees, the unjoined portion does not occur on the bottom side of the groove 3 'and on the backing material 4' side.

Therefore, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the outer diameter D of the overlay 5 is made smaller than the groove width W of the groove 3 and the outer diameter D is made larger than the gap G. By forming, the lower end surface of the overlay 5 is pressed against the middle part of the groove surfaces 1A and 2A to perform the friction joining operation.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the opening angle θ of the groove 3 is
Is set in the range of, for example, 60 to 150 degrees. As a result, the shape of the joint 6 can be stabilized as described above, and the joining strength between the plate materials 1 and 2 can be reliably increased.

Next, FIG. 10 shows a second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. It shall be. However, the feature of the present embodiment is that the first groove surfaces 31A, 32A and the second groove surfaces 31B, 32B are formed on the opposite ends of the plate materials 31, 32 to be joined. The first groove surfaces 31A and 32A are configured so that the tip ends thereof are formed as acute edge ends 31C and 32C.

Here, the plate members 31 and 32 to be joined have substantially the same configuration as the plate members 1 and 2 described in the first embodiment, but a part of the slope between the plate members 31 and 32 is bent. The substantially V-shaped groove portion 33 is formed with groove surfaces 31A and 32A.
And the groove surfaces 31B and 32B.

That is, the groove surface 31 forming the groove portion 33
A, 32A and groove surfaces 31B, 32B are inclined at different angles from each other, and groove surface 31 positioned inside groove portion 33.
A and 32A are set to have a larger inclination angle than the outer groove surfaces 31B and 32B.

A backing material 34 is provided on the back surfaces of the plate members 31 and 32 so as to close the gap G. The backing member 34 has substantially the same configuration as the backing member 4 described in the first embodiment.

Thus, also in the present embodiment configured as described above, the edge ends 31C and 32C are abutted with the gap G interposed therebetween, and the backing material 34 is brought into contact with the back surface thereof. 5 is rotated at a high speed while being pressed against the groove portions 33 of the plate members 31 and 32, so that a plastic flow is generated on the friction contact surface side of the both, and the joint portion 35 can be formed. Almost the same operation and effect can be obtained.

In this case, the groove portion 33 has inner groove surfaces 31A, 32A and outer groove surfaces 31B, 32B.
The groove surface 31 which becomes the center of heat generation by providing
Since the distance from the middle part of B and 32B to the bottom of the groove 33 can be reduced and the heat capacity of the bottom can be increased, the temperature drop at the bottom of the groove 33 can be suppressed, and the unbonded portion can be generated. Instead, it is possible to form a joint 35 having a stable shape on the bottom side of the groove 33 and on the backing material 34 side.

Next, FIG. 11 shows a third embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. It shall be. However, a feature of the present embodiment is that groove surfaces 41A and 42A as concave surfaces inclined in a concavely curved shape are formed on opposing surfaces of plate materials 41 and 42 to be joined.
That is, the front end side is configured to have sharp edge ends 41B and 42B.

Here, the plate members 41 and 42 to be joined have substantially the same configuration as the plate members 1 and 2 described in the first embodiment, but have a substantially U shape between the plate members 41 and 42. The groove portion 43 is formed by the groove surfaces 41A and 42A.

A backing member 44 is provided on the back surfaces of the plate members 41 and 42 so as to close the gap G. The backing member 44 has substantially the same configuration as the backing member 4 described in the first embodiment.

Thus, also in the present embodiment configured as described above, the padding material 5 is pressed against the groove 43 of the plate materials 41 and 42 with the edge ends 41B and 42B butted with the gap G interposed therebetween. By rotating at high speed,
A plastic flow is generated on the friction contact surface side of the
5 can be formed, and substantially the same operation and effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained.

In this case, the groove portion 43 is formed between the groove surfaces 41A and 42A which are inclined in a concavely curved shape, so that the groove is formed from the middle of the groove surfaces 41A and 42A which are the center of heat generation. Since the distance to the bottom of the portion 43 can be reduced and the heat capacity on the bottom side can be increased, the temperature drop at the bottom of the groove 43 is suppressed, and the bottom side of the groove 43 without generating an unjoined portion. A joint 45 having a stable shape can be formed on the backing material 44 side.

In the first embodiment, frictional heat is generated between the groove 3 of the plates 1 and 2 and the lower end of the overlay 5 by rotating the overlay 5 at high speed. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and, for example, the cladding material is driven so as to repeatedly reciprocate forward and backward minutely to generate frictional heat. It is good also as composition which gives relative movement between materials.
This is the same for the second and third embodiments.

Further, in the first embodiment, the case where the flat plate materials 1 and 2 are friction-joined has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention is not limited thereto. The one member can be applied to, for example, a curved plate material, a beam material, a thick plate material, or the like. This is the same for the second and third embodiments.

Further, the two members to be joined are not limited to iron-based materials such as steel plates, but may be, for example, copper, aluminum, or alloys thereof. And the overlay can be formed using the same material. And, as the backing material, a material that can be formed using a cheaper material is used.

[0074]

As described above in detail, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the two members to be joined are subjected to friction with the backing material in contact with the back surface of the groove. Since the joining operation is performed, even if an acute-edge-shaped edge is formed on the groove side between the two members, the build-up material is reduced to two.
It is possible to suppress the frictional heat generated by the relative movement while pressing against the groove between the two members, and to suppress the stagnation on the edge end sides of the two members, and to transmit the heat to the backing material side to increase the heat capacity. At the same time, the edge end side is excessively plastic fluidized (softened)
Can be prevented.

The backing material provided on the back side of the two members can prevent the material softened by plastic flow from flowing to the back side of the member, and secure the rigidity of the member against the pressing force from the build-up material. In addition, the shape of the joint can be stabilized. Therefore, when the two members are friction-welded, the build-up state of the joint at the surface side of the groove portion can be increased, the joining strength between the two members can be increased, and the product yield can be improved. can do.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the backing member is formed by using a material which is substantially the same as the two members or a material which is softer than the two members, the backing member is inexpensive. It can be formed of a material, can suppress an increase in cost, and can secure the rigidity of the member against the pressing force from the overlay material by the backing material, and can stabilize the shape of the joint.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing two plate materials, a backing material, and a build-up material used for friction welding according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an overall view showing a friction welding device used in the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of fixing a plate material according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a build-up material is pressed against a groove portion of the plate material shown in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view at the same position as FIG. 4 showing a frictional heat generation step according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a bonding step according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a state where the plate members shown in FIG. 1 are friction-welded.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a comparative example in which the opening angle of the groove is excessively small.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing another comparative example in which the opening angle of the groove is excessively large.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a frictional joining state of a plate according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a frictional joining state of a plate according to a third embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 2, 31, 32, 41, 42 Plate material (member) 1A, 2A, 31A, 31B, 32A, 32B, 41
A, 42A Groove surface (inclined surface) 1B, 2B, 31C, 32C, 41B, 42B Edge end 3,33,43 Groove portion 4,34,44 Backing material 5 Overlay material 6,35,45 Joint

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Yutaka Takano 650, Kandamachi, Tsuchiura-shi, Ibaraki Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Toru Takaya 650, Kandamachi, Tsuchiura-shi, Ibaraki Prefecture F-term (reference) in the Tsuchiura Plant of Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. 4E067 AA02 AA05 AA07 BG00 DA13 DA17

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A state in which a backing material is brought into contact with two members that form a groove between inclined surfaces provided on end sides facing each other from the back side of the groove. A fixing step of fixing the two members together with a backing material, and a relative movement while pressing the end of the consumable build-up material against the inclined surface of the groove with the two members fixed. A frictional heat generating step of generating frictional heat, thereby supplying the buildup material plastically fluidized by the frictional heat to the groove side of the two members, and forming the buildup material in parallel with the backing material. A joining step of joining the two members to each other by moving. 2. The friction joining method according to claim 1, wherein the backing member is formed using a material substantially equal to the two members or a material softer than the members.