JP2002218692A - Armature of rotation electric machine and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make an electric motor having small vibration, low noise and smooth rotation, and simplify the structure. SOLUTION: Coils 16 of the first and second layers connected with an arbitrary commutator segment 7b of a 4-pole electric motor is wound 180 degree away from each other in the circumference direction in order to face to each other in the radial direction.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention belongs to the technical field of an armature of a rotating electric machine mounted on a vehicle or the like and a method of manufacturing the armature.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In general, a rotary electric machine of this kind is provided with a yoke having a plurality of pairs of permanent magnets provided on an inner peripheral surface thereof. An armature shaft including a core having a plurality of slots formed therein and a plurality of coils wound around the respective slots of the core and connected to any of a plurality of commutator pieces fixed around the shaft. 2. Description of the Related Art There is known an electric motor configured to be rotatably supported and to supply power to the commutator piece via a brush to thereby rotate a shaft of a rotating electric machine. In such an electric motor, for example, in the case of a motor for a power steering device that assists the steering force of a steering wheel of a vehicle, high torque and miniaturization are required, and the electric motor is multipolarized by using a plurality of pairs of permanent magnets. It corresponds by that. By the way, in such an electric motor, if the end of the coil is suspended and the commutator piece to be connected and the coil winding position are wound in a state where the coil winding position substantially opposes in the axial direction, due to a cause of a machining error and the like, Imbalance may occur between the coils that should be at the same potential and the magnetism should be balanced, and in this case, the magnetic balance as the armature is impaired, and an exciting force is generated in the rotational force of the armature, There is a problem that vibration and noise are generated when the motor is driven. Conventionally, this problem has been dealt with by connecting the commutator pieces connected to each other by a pressure equalizing member so that the coils having the same phase positional relationship have the same potential. As such a specific example, a pressure equalizing member is separately prepared, and the pressure equalizing member is configured to be connected between commutator pieces that are to have the same potential. There is known a configuration in which commutator pieces that are to be at the same potential are connected to each other using a wire.

[0003]

However, in the case of the former, a pressure equalizing member is separately prepared and this commutator is provided at any stage before the coil is wound or after the coil is wound. It has to be provided on one piece, and there is a problem that the structure becomes complicated, the number of manufacturing steps increases, and the cost increases. On the other hand, in the latter case, since all the commutator pieces and the commutator pieces having the same potential with respect to the commutator pieces are connected by windings, each commutator piece has a coil forming a coil. Both the end of the wire and the winding as the equalizing member are connected. And in this one,
If the number of commutator segments is increased to increase the output and reduce the size of the electric motor, and the distance between adjacent commutator segments in the circumferential direction is reduced, connect each winding to the commutator segment. There is a problem that the reliability of the fusing operation may be reduced, or there may be a short circuit between adjacent risers, and the equalizing wire is wound between the slots like a coil. Then, there is a disadvantage that the core becomes large in diameter. Furthermore, since an induced voltage is also generated in the winding as a pressure equalizing line, further consideration is required for the induced voltage, and there is a problem that the structure becomes complicated. There was a problem to do.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and has been made for the purpose of solving these problems, and comprises a shaft, an outer fitting fixed to the shaft, and an outer periphery. A core having a plurality of axially long slots formed on a surface thereof, and a core wound around each of the slots of the core, and a winding end portion thereof is connected to any of a plurality of commutator pieces fixed around the shaft. In the armature of a rotating electrical machine having a plurality of coils, when winding the coil around the core in two layers, a first-layer coil and a second-layer coil connected to an arbitrary commutator piece are previously formed. Wrap between slots with a predetermined circumferential direction predetermined angle,
The structure is such that the magnetism of the coils of the first and second turns is balanced. By doing so, it is possible to reduce the number of parts, simplify the structure, and reduce the cost. Further, the present invention provides a shaft, a core which is externally fitted and fixed to the shaft, and has a plurality of axially long slots formed on an outer peripheral surface thereof, and each of which is wound between the slots of the core, and a winding end portion of which is wound around the shaft. In the armature of a rotating electric machine having a plurality of coils connected to any of a plurality of commutator pieces fixed around the circumference, when winding the coil around the core in two layers, the armature is connected to an arbitrary commutator piece. The first-layer coil is wound between predetermined slots, and then the second-layer coil is inserted between slots having a predetermined circumferential direction and a predetermined angle with the first-layer coil. The coils are wound so that the magnetism of the coils of the first and second turns is balanced. By doing so, in the step of winding the coil, there is no need to wind a pressure equalizing member composed of windings or to provide a separate pressure equalizing member, thereby simplifying the structure. In this case, the predetermined angle in the circumferential direction between the first-layer coil and the second-layer coil of the present invention may be set according to the number of poles of the rotating electric machine. Further, in this case, when the number of poles of the electric motor of the present invention is a pole, the predetermined angle in the circumferential direction can be set by (360 ° (a / 2)). In this case, the first-layer coil and the second-layer coil of the present invention are wound between slots displaced in both circumferential directions or in the same direction with respect to the commutator pieces to which they are connected. You can be. Still further, in this case, the rotating electric machine of the present invention may constitute a power steering device.

[0005]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention.
7 through FIG. In the drawings, reference numeral 1 denotes an electric motor (rotary electric machine) used in a power steering device, and an inner peripheral surface of a motor housing 2 formed into a bottomed cylindrical shape that constitutes the electric motor 1 is provided with two motors in a circumferential direction. The pair of permanent magnets 3 are fixed, and thus, the four-pole type electric motor 1 is configured. Reference numeral 4 denotes an armature. A core 6 formed by laminating a plurality of ring-shaped plate members 6a is integrally fitted on a shaft (armature shaft) 5 constituting the armature 4, and furthermore, A commutator (commutator) 7 is integrally fitted on one side of the core 6. And armature 4
Both ends of the shaft 5 are mounted on the motor housing 2 and the cover 2 a covering the open end of the motor housing 2.
b and 2c, the motor housing 2
It is set to be rotatably mounted inside. Also, brush holders 8 are formed at four locations in the circumferential direction on the cover body 2a, and four brushes 8a are provided in each of the brush holders 8 so as to be freely retractable.
The power supply from the outside is supplied to the commutator 7 via the brush 8a when the protruding front end portion (the inner diameter side front end portion) abuts against the commutator 7 in a resilient manner. Is as before.

A driven shaft 10 is connected to an end of the shaft 5 protruding from the cover body 2a via a torque limiter 9, and the driven shaft 10 is connected to the steering mechanism side so that power is transmitted. A steering device is configured. Here, the torque limiter 9 will be briefly described. The torque limiter 9 is provided between the first and second auxiliary plates 11a and 11b integrally provided in the case body 11 which rotates integrally with the shaft 5. In addition, a flange plate 12a of a boss 12 that rotates integrally with the driven shaft 10 is sandwiched with a friction plate 13 interposed therebetween.
Further, the case body 11 is provided with a disc spring 14, and when the lid 11c is provided so as to close the opening of the case body 11, the disc spring 14 is given elasticity. The transmission torque based on the urging force of the disc spring 14 is set between the second auxiliary plates 11a and 11b and the boss flange plate 12a. For this reason, the shaft 5 and the driven shaft 10 are in a power continuity state with respect to the rotation force within the transmission torque,
The shaft 5 and the driven shaft 10 are set to be in a power-off state when a load that exceeds the transmission torque acts on the driven shaft 10 side.

On the outer diameter of the ring-shaped plate member 6a constituting the core 6, a plurality of T-shaped teeth 6b (22 in the present embodiment) are formed in the circumferential direction. By externally fitting a plurality of these plate members 6a around the shaft 5 in a non-rotating manner, the outer peripheral surface of the core 6 is formed with a dovetail groove recessed in the axial direction between adjacent teeth 6b. A plurality (22) of the slots 6c are formed in the axial direction and in the circumferential direction. On the other hand, the commutator 7 has a plurality of axially long commutator pieces 7b (in the present embodiment, formed in the axial direction) formed on the outer circumferential surface of an insulator 7a formed of an insulating material and having a cylindrical shape. 22) are fixed in parallel in the circumferential direction while being insulated from each other. Further, at the end of each commutator piece 7b facing the core 6 side, a riser 7c that is dimensioned to be narrower than the circumferential width of the commutator piece 7b and that is bent outward is formed integrally. Have been.

In the slot 6c of the core 6, a plurality of coils 16 are wound around the core 6 by winding an enamel-coated winding 15 in a double winding manner in a double winding manner. Winding 1 serving as a winding start end and a winding end end of No. 16
5 is suspended by a riser 7c of each corresponding commutator piece 7b. The winding 15 serving as a winding start end and a winding end end of the coil 16 suspended on each riser 7c is fused to the commutator piece 7b, so that the commutator piece 7b and the coil corresponding thereto are fused. 16 are set to be electrically connected. In this state, the coil 16 of the first layer and the coil 16 of the second layer connected to an arbitrary commutator piece 7b are substantially 180 degrees in the circumferential direction from the winding position of the coil 16 of the first layer, that is, , Equation, (360 °
(A / 2)), the second-layer coil 16 is wound at a position having an angle obtained by substituting the number of poles (a) of the electric motor 1 of the present embodiment into four. I have. This positional relationship is a positional relationship in which the four-pole type electric motor 1 has the same phase as each other, and the first-layer coil 16 and the two-layer coil 16 wound around the same riser 7c are located at the same phase. By winding the eye coil 16, the coils 16 having the same phase are set to the same potential so that the magnetism of these coils 16 is set to be unbalanced. Is no longer required.

Next, a procedure for winding the coil 16 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG.
Reference numeral 6 is a drawing showing a state where the riser 7c and the teeth 6b are developed, and a gap between the adjacent teeth 6b corresponds to the slot 6c. In each of the drawings, each riser 7c, tooth 6b, slot 6c,
Reference numerals 1 to 22 are assigned to the wound coils 16, respectively, and the winding procedure will be described based on these.

The coil 16 wound around the armature 4 of the present embodiment is wound based on a double winding system in which the winding 15 is wound sequentially between the slots 6c skipping the four slots 6c. I have. Further, the coil 16 is wound in a bidirectional manner in which the coil 16 is wound bidirectionally around the core 6 using a pair of winding machines (not shown). First, the core 6 incorporated in the shaft 5 is set rotatably in the circumferential direction of the core 6 between a pair of winding machines. FIG. 5 shows a winding pattern of the first winding by one of the winding machines. In the first winding process, the winding 15 is started from the first riser, and the winding 15 is wound on the first riser. The core 6 is rotated by 90 degrees while is rotated. Subsequently, the winding 15 is turned a plurality of times (12 times in the present embodiment) between the 8th slot and the 3rd slot between the 9th and 8th teeth (between the 8th slot and the 3rd slot). ), And the core 6 is rotated at 90 degrees and the angle formed between the adjacent risers 7c (the stroke between the risers 7c, 3
60 ÷ 22 = approximately 16 degrees) in the direction opposite to the rotation direction. In this state, the winding 15
It is opposed to the second riser, and is wound around the second riser to complete the winding of the first coil of the first turn. Subsequently, the winding 15 unwound from the No. 22 riser is
With the core 6 rotated in the same manner as described above, the core 6 is wound a plurality of times between the 7th slot and the 2nd slot, and the core 6 is rotated again by approximately (90 + 16) degrees.
By winding it around the first riser, the winding of the 22nd coil of the first turn is completed. Thus, one of the winding machines is 1
Coil No. 13 to Coil No. 13 are sequentially wound until the other winding machine forms Coil No. 12 to Coil No. 2, so that coils No. 1 to No. 22 of the first winding ((No. I-1) coil) , (I-22) coil)).

Next, the second layer winding is to be wound. FIG. 6 shows a winding pattern of the second layer winding by one of the winding machines. In the process of the double-layer winding, the core 6 is rotated by 90 degrees with the winding 15 wound around the first riser, and at this time, the rotation direction is rotated in the opposite direction to the single-layer winding. And the winding 15 is wound a plurality of times between the 19th slot and the 14th slot.
Is rotated approximately (90-16) degrees in the opposite direction, and in this state, the winding 15 is suspended around the riser 22 to complete the winding of the first coil of the second layer. ing. Subsequently, the winding 15 unwound from the 22nd riser
Rotates the core 6 and winds it several times between the 18th slot and the 13th slot, reversely rotates the core 6 approximately (90-16) degrees again, and suspends the winding 15 around the 21st riser. As a result, the coil No. 22 of the second layer winding is wound, and in this way, one of the winding machines receives the coil No. 13 from the coil No. 1, and the other winding machine receives the coil No. 2 from the coil No. 12
By winding sequentially until the second coil is formed, the first to 22nd coils ((II-1) coil,
(II-22) The coil)) is set to be wound.

In this way, when the first- and second-layer coils 16 are wound, respectively, the first-layer coil (I-1) and the second-layer coil (I-1) are connected to the first riser and have the same potential. The (II-2) coil of the layer winding is a slot 6c wound around the riser 7c by 90 degrees in one circumferential direction with respect to the first layer winding, and is wound around the riser 7c with the second layer winding. It is wound around a slot 6c displaced 90 degrees in the other direction (opposite direction). As a result, these (I
-1) The coil and the (II-1) coil have a positional relationship of being substantially diametrically opposed (having an angle of 180 degrees in the circumferential direction) as shown in FIG. In the coils 16 having the same phase relationship,
In other words, the magnetism of the radially opposed coils 16 is balanced, so that when the electric motor 1 is driven in the same manner as in the conventional case where the equalizing line is provided without providing the equalizing line between the commutators. Thus, effects such as reduction of vibration and noise can be obtained.

In the embodiment of the present invention configured as described above, the coil 1 wound around the core 6 of the electric motor 1
6 is 180 degrees in the circumferential direction in which the first and second layers connected to an arbitrary commutator piece 7b are just radially opposed.
It is wound in a positional relationship with an angle of degrees. As a result, the electric motor 1 has the coils 1 facing in the outer diameter direction.
By balancing the magnetism of the six members, the magnetic balance as the armature 4 is ensured, and the electric motor 1 can be operated with low vibration and low noise, and can operate smoothly. Moreover, in this device, unlike a conventional device in which a separately prepared pressure equalizing member is connected to a commutator piece, there is no need for a separate member or a special mounting operation. By reducing the number of parts of the motor 1, the structure can be simplified and the cost can be reduced.

Further, in this case, since the equalizing line is not necessary as described above, the winding operation becomes complicated as in the case of using the winding 15 of the coil 16 as the equalizing line. In addition, the workability can be improved based on the automation of the winding operation, and the coil and the plurality of windings 15 as the equalizing line are not suspended on the same riser 7c, so that the reliability of the fusing is improved. There is also an advantage that the high quality electric motor 1 can be supplied in a stable state. Furthermore, there is no problem that the core has a large diameter as in the case where a pressure equalizing line composed of windings is wound around a slot, and there is no problem that a pressure equalizing line is provided between slots. It is not necessary to deal with the induced voltage generated by the voltage line itself, which can further simplify the structure and contribute to cost reduction.

In this embodiment, the coil 16 is not wound around the riser 7c of the commutator piece 7b around which the winding end is suspended, but between the slot 6c facing the riser 7c and the axial direction. With respect to the riser 7c, the first layer is wound with a displacement of approximately 90 degrees in one circumferential direction, and the second layer is wound with a displacement of approximately 90 degrees in the other circumferential direction. As a result, the winding 15 between the commutator strip 7b and the slot 6c is wound in such a manner that the winding 15 is wound around the shaft 5 in both the first and second layers. Is done. As a result, the expansion of the coil 16 in the axial direction is suppressed, and the coil 16 is in a tightened state.
Can be prevented from becoming large and compact.

The electric motor employed in the power steering apparatus is required to have a high torque and a small size. The electric motor 1 according to the present embodiment has a multi-pole structure to achieve a high torque and a small size. However, vibration and noise of the electric motor 1 are suppressed and smooth operation is realized as in the case of using the pressure equalizing member, so that excellent operability can be exhibited when used in a power steering device. . In addition, in this device, the winding 15 and the commutator piece 7b can be reliably fused while many commutator pieces 7b are provided, so that a highly reliable and excellent product can be obtained.

The present invention is, of course, not limited to the above-described embodiment, and in the case of a four-pole rotating electric machine as in the first embodiment, a layer connected to any commutator piece. It is sufficient that the coil of the winding and the coil of the two-layer winding are wound in a positional relationship having an angle of about 180 degrees in the circumferential direction (facing in the radial direction). In the case of winding between the slots displaced by about 30 degrees in one circumferential direction with respect to one of the risers, the second-layered winding is wound around the other riser in the other circumferential direction (opposite direction) with respect to the arbitrary riser by about 1 degree.
By winding between slots displaced by 50 degrees, it is possible to make a structure in which an equalizing line is unnecessary. In addition, it is also possible to wind the coil of the first layer and the coil of the second layer between slots displaced in the same direction with respect to an arbitrary commutator piece. Any structure may be used as long as the eye coil and the eye coil are wound between slots in a positional relationship facing each other in the radial direction.

As described above, according to the present invention, the coils wound on the first winding and the second winding connected to an arbitrary commutator piece are positioned in such a manner that they have the same polarity according to the number of poles. Any structure may be used as long as it is wound so as to balance the magnetism of these coils. For example, in a six-pole type rotating electric machine, the coil of the first winding and the coil of the second winding are 12 cm in the circumferential direction.
By winding in a positional relationship having an angle of 0 degrees (calculated by 360 ° (6/2)), the three coils in the circumferential direction where the magnetism should be balanced (to have the same potential) should be , Two things will be balanced,
In this case, while the equalizing line (equalizing member) can be reduced, like the one equipped with the equalizing member,
Effects such as reduction of vibration and noise when the electric motor is driven can be obtained. As described above, in a rotating electric machine with six poles or more,
The size of the pressure equalizing member can be reduced (the number of pressure equalizing wires can be reduced), preventing the armature from increasing in size. In addition, the fusing between the winding and the commutator piece is ensured, resulting in a highly reliable and excellent product. Can be provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional side view of an electric motor.

FIGS. 2A and 2B are front views of FIG. 1, respectively.
It is a front view of a core.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional side view of a torque limiter section of the electric motor.

FIGS. 4A, 4B, and 4C are a side view, a rear view, and a cross-sectional view of the commutator, respectively.

FIG. 5 is a development view illustrating a winding state of a winding in a first layer.

FIG. 6 is a development view illustrating a winding state of a winding in a second layer winding.

FIG. 7 is a front view of a core for explaining a positional relationship between a first coil and a first coil of a second layer.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electric motor 2 Motor housing 3 Permanent magnet 4 Armature 5 Shaft 6 Core 6b Teeth 6c Slot 7 Commutator 7b Commutator piece 7c Riser 8a Brush 9 Torque limiter 15 Winding 16 Coil

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F-term (reference) PP07 5H615 AA01 BB01 BB14 PP02 PP09 PP13 QQ07 QQ19 SS16 TT05 5H623 AA10 BB07 GG13 GG16 HH04 HH05 JJ03 LL09 LL13 LL19

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A shaft, a core having a plurality of axially long slots formed on an outer peripheral surface thereof, the core being wound around the shaft, and a winding end portion of the core being wound around the shaft. In an armature of a rotating electrical machine including a plurality of coils connected to any of a plurality of commutator pieces fixed around the circumference, when winding the coil around the core in two layers, the armature is connected to an arbitrary commutator piece. The first-layer coil and the second-layer coil are wound between slots having a predetermined circumferential direction and a predetermined angle, so that the magnetism of the first-layer coil and the second-layer coil is reduced. An armature of a rotating electric machine that is configured to balance. 2. A shaft, a core which is externally fitted and fixed to the shaft, and has a plurality of axially long slots formed on an outer peripheral surface thereof, and a core wound around each of the slots of the core. In an armature of a rotating electrical machine having a plurality of coils connected to any of a plurality of commutator pieces fixed around the circumference, when winding the coil around the core in two layers, the coil is connected to an arbitrary commutator piece. The first-layer coil is wound between predetermined slots, and then the second-layer coil is wound between slots having a predetermined circumferential direction angle with the first-layer coil. Dressed up
A method for manufacturing an armature of a rotating electric machine configured such that the magnetism of the coils of the first and second turns is balanced. 3. The rotary electric machine according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined angle in the circumferential direction between the first-layer coil and the second-layer coil is set according to the number of poles of the rotary machine. Armature and a method for producing the armature. 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein when the number of poles of the electric motor is a, the predetermined angle in the circumferential direction is (36).
0 (a / 2)) and an armature for a rotating electric machine and a method for manufacturing the armature. 5. The coil according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein the first-layer coil and the second-layer coil are displaced in both circumferential directions or in the same direction with respect to the commutator pieces to which they are connected. An armature of a rotating electric machine wound between slots and a method of manufacturing the armature. 6. The armature of a rotating electric machine according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, which constitutes a power steering device, and a method of manufacturing the armature.