JP2002206218A - Pier structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pier structure shortening a water-surface execution period by decreasing execution works on a water-surface section, being capable of corresponding to various grounds and reducing load on environment at the place of the installation of a pier. SOLUTION: In a coal-unloading pier 1 constructed on the water-surface section by continuously connecting a plurality of frame structures 2 in the horizontal direction, the frame structures 2 have upper-side structure sections 5 positioned on the water-surface section and lower-side structure sections 6 positioned in water, and are constituted of lower-side frame bodies 15 and upper-side frame bodies 7 with trussed structures in block units having vertical steel pipes 12, horizontal steel pipes 13 and diagonal steel pipes 14a, 14b and 14c, floor boards 8 are installed to upper sections and the mutual floor boards 8 of adjacent other frame structures 2 are arranged adjacently in the upper-side structure sections 5, and the lower-side structure sections 6 have foundation sections 20 mounted on a ground 3 in water at lower end sections.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a pier structure, and more particularly to a pier constructed by a frame structure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, since a heavy coal unloading machine (unloader) is mounted on a coal unloading pier in a coal-fired power plant, a pier structure based on a steel pipe pile has been employed to withstand heavy loads. . In general, a pier structure has advantages such as a simpler and lighter structure than a gravity type structure such as a caisson structure and the ability to transmit seawater and the like, thereby reducing pollution of water bodies due to stagnation. For this reason,
It is often used as mooring equipment structure. As for the pier foundation, a pile foundation is generally adopted.

However, according to the structure of the conventional pile foundation, its structure is determined by the amount of horizontal displacement generated when a horizontal force is applied, so that the performance of the components cannot be maximized or the construction of the structure cannot be carried out offshore. Since it is necessary to carry out the work, there are problems that the amount of steel material used increases and that the work period takes a long time. In addition, if the target ground on which the foundation is to be constructed is soft rock, etc., when adopting a more economical large-diameter pile, there is a problem such as the clogging rate of the pile, and uncertain factors in setting the design bearing capacity value. There was a problem that it was difficult to determine the pile specifications at the design stage. In addition, at the time of construction, there was a problem that an in-situ test at sea was required to check the bearing capacity of the pile.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and has been made to reduce the number of construction work on water, thereby shortening the construction time on water and reducing construction cost. It is an object of the present invention to provide a pier structure capable of supporting the ground and reducing a load on an environment at a pier installation location.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a pier structure, which is a pier constructed by connecting a plurality of frame structures in a horizontal direction or on water or underwater. Or an upper structure portion located in the water and a lower structure portion located on or in the water, comprising a frame having a truss structure in block units having a vertical material, a horizontal material, and a diagonal material, wherein the upper structure The part is provided with a floor plate on the upper part, the floor plates of other adjacent frame structures are arranged adjacent to each other, and the lower structural part is provided with a base part installed on the underwater ground at the lower end part. It is assumed that.

[0006] It is preferable that the frame is manufactured on the ground, transported on water in blocks, and installed.
Further, it is preferable that the foundation has an installation area corresponding to the ground strength of the ground. Further, it is preferable to use a metal pipe as the vertical material and fill the hollow portion with concrete. In addition, the floorboard, after building the lower structure portion on or under water, installing a precast plate having a function of a structural member on the upper portion of the upper frame provided on the upper portion of the lower structure portion, It is preferable to cast concrete on the upper part of the precast plate.

According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. In other words, the frame structure of the pier is composed of a frame having a truss structure, and the structure of the foundation is directly installed, so that the performance of the components can be maximized as compared with the conventional pile type structure. In addition, the amount of steel used can be reduced. Further, the amount of horizontal displacement generated during an earthquake can be suppressed lower than before. Furthermore, since the foundation is directly installed on the ground, it is not necessary to confirm the bearing capacity of the pile as in the conventional case.

[0008] Further, by providing the foundation with an installation area corresponding to the ground strength of the ground, the pier can be reliably supported even on soft rock ground.

Further, the lower structure portion having the truss structure and the upper frame body are manufactured at a land factory, and then transported and installed in blocks by a large-sized hoisting ship or the like, which is conventionally required. Formwork and support work can be omitted. Therefore, the on-site work on the water can be significantly reduced, and the construction period and construction cost can be significantly reduced.

In addition, by using a metal tube as a vertical member of the frame structure and filling the hollow portion of the metal tube with concrete, the metal tube is reinforced and the lower structure itself during installation is stabilized. Performance can be improved. As a result, the amount of the metal material used can be reduced.

[0011] Further, the floor plate is constructed by constructing a lower structure portion on or under water, and then installing a precast plate having a function of a structural member on an upper frame provided on an upper portion of the lower structure portion. Since concrete is cast on the upper part of the precast plate at the site, by using the precast plate as a mold, the conventionally required formwork and support on the sea can be omitted. Therefore, the on-site work at sea can be significantly reduced, and the construction period and construction cost can be significantly reduced.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 to 9 show an example of the embodiment of the present invention. In the drawings, portions denoted by the same reference numerals as those in the drawings represent the same components. FIG. 1 is a side view showing the entire configuration of a coal pier according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the entire configuration of the coal pier, and FIG. 3 is a frame of one block of the coal pier. FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the structure of the structure, FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 3, and FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of a frame structure of one block of the coal pier, FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing a construction state of a floor plate and a foundation of the frame structure, and FIG. 9 is this embodiment. It is a schematic diagram showing an example of the use situation of the coal unloading pier concerning.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2,
A plurality of frame structures 2 are connected horizontally along the quay 11, the lower part of the frame structure 2 is installed on the underwater ground 3, and the upper part of the frame structure 2 is
It is a coal pier 1 protruding above and constructed. As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the frame structure 2 includes an upper structure portion 5 disposed on a water surface 4 and a lower structure portion 6 having an upper portion disposed on water and a lower portion disposed in water. And

As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the upper structure portion 5 includes an upper frame member 7 formed in a lattice and provided on an upper portion of the lower structure portion 6, and an upper portion of the upper frame member 7. And a slab-like floor plate 8 provided in the slab. The floor boards 8 of other adjacent frame structures 2 are juxtaposed and arranged adjacently.
As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the floor plate 8 is provided with a lower structural part 6 and an upper frame 7 which are manufactured on land at a factory in water and then a precast plate as a structural member on the upper part of the upper frame 7. 10
Is installed, and concrete 9 is cast on the top of the above.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 9, an unloader rail 32 on which an unloader 31 for extracting coal loaded on a coal carrier 40 travels is provided above the floor plate 8 of the frame structure 2 which is continuously provided. The unloader rail foundation 22 to be installed is formed in two rows in parallel, and the belt conveyor foundation 21 to which the belt conveyor 33 for carrying out coal is installed is formed inside the unloader rail foundation 22.

A mooring machine base 23, a maintenance deck base 24, fairlead bases 25 and 26, etc. are provided on the floor plate 8a of the frame structure 2a at one end which is continuously provided. In addition, a mooring machine base 23, a maintenance deck base 24, a fairleader base 25, and the like are provided on the floor plate 8b of the frame structure 2b at the other end to be continuously provided, and extend over the belt conveyor connecting stand 28 and the quay. Bridge 29 is provided. A fender 30 is protrudingly provided at a substantially central portion below the quay wall side of the frame structure 2.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the lower structural portion 6 includes a vertical steel pipe 12 as a vertical material, a horizontal steel pipe 13 as a horizontal material, and oblique steel pipes 14a and 14b as diagonal materials.
14c, a lower frame 15 having a truss structure having a truss structure 14c is provided.

As shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, the structure of the lower frame 15 is such that six vertical steel pipes 12 are erected three by three in parallel and are opposed to each other and arranged in a substantially rectangular shape in plan view. Then, the horizontal steel pipes 13 are disposed substantially horizontally at positions substantially at the center of the vertical steel pipes 12 in the height direction, and adjacent vertical steel pipes 12 are connected.

Further, the vertical steel pipe 12 of the lower frame 15
As shown in FIG. 4, on one side in which the steel pipes are arranged side by side, as shown in FIG. 14a is installed, and above the horizontal steel pipe 13, the vertical steel pipe 1
An oblique steel pipe 14b is installed from a connection portion 12a with the second horizontal steel pipe 13 to a central position 7a between adjacent upper parts of the vertical steel pipes 12 below the upper frame 7 provided on the upper part of the vertical steel pipe 12. .

On the other hand, the vertical steel pipe 12 of the lower frame 15
As shown in FIG. 5, on one side of the main pipes, an oblique steel pipe 14 c is provided below the horizontal steel pipe 13, from a lower part of the vertical steel pipe 12 to a connecting portion 12 a of the adjacent vertical steel pipe 12 with the horizontal steel pipe 13. The vertical steel pipes 12 are joined so as to intersect in a substantially X-shape, and are vertically adjacent to each other below the upper frame body 7 provided above the vertical steel pipe 12 from the connecting portion 12a of the vertical steel pipe 12 with the horizontal steel pipe 13 above the horizontal steel pipe 13. An oblique steel pipe 14b is provided at a central position 7b between the upper portions of the steel pipes 12.

The hollow portion of the vertical steel pipe 12 is filled with concrete at the time of factory production. As shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, the base portion 20 has a disk-like outer shape.
a so as to secure an installation area corresponding to the ground strength of the ground 3.

Next, the construction of the coal unloading pier 1 according to this embodiment will be described. In the frame structure 2 constituting the coal unloading pier 1, the lower structural portion 6 and the upper frame 7 are manufactured in units of blocks having predetermined dimensions in a land factory. Then, the upper frame 7 configured in block units
The lower structural portion 6 is carried by water on a large hoist ship and is installed at a predetermined position in a state shown in FIG.

When the lower frame 15 is installed in water,
A concave portion 3a is formed in the underwater ground 3 at a position facing a base portion 20 provided below the lower frame body 15 so that the lower frame body 15 is installed horizontally. The recess 3a
Is formed in a size that can secure the installation area of the foundation 20 and the concrete 20a so that the ground 3 can withstand the load of the coal pier 1 on which the ground is constructed.

Then, a plurality of lower structural portions 6 and upper frame members 7 integrally formed for each block are installed in water. At this time, the lower structural part 6 is fixed to the ground 3 by the foundation 20 at the lower end and the concrete 20a. The upper frame 7 is fixed to the lower structure portion 6, but the adjacent upper frames 7 are not fixed.

Then, concrete is poured into the upper part of the upper frame 7 to form a floor plate 8. On the upper part of the floor plate 8, facilities such as unloaders and conveyors necessary for coal unloading work and equipment associated therewith are provided. A coal pier 1 is constructed by installing a foundation and then installing an unloader and a conveyor.

According to the present embodiment, the structure of the unloading pier 1 is constituted by a plurality of frame structures 2 having a truss structure, so that the performance of the components can be maximized. . That is, the upper frame 7 and the lower structure 6 of the frame structure 2 are simultaneously manufactured on land,
By directly installing the upper frame 7 and the lower structural portion 6 of the frame structure 2 on a ground 3 having a required ground strength using a large-sized machine, stability during installation is secured,
The construction and removal of offshore formwork and shoring work, which required a great deal of time, can be greatly reduced, and the offshore construction period conventionally required can be greatly reduced. In addition, since the base portion 20 is directly installed on the ground 3,
There is no need to check the bearing capacity of the pile as in the past. Further, by setting the size of the foundation to the size corresponding to the soil bearing capacity of the ground, application to various types of ground becomes possible.

In the present embodiment, the vertical steel pipe 12
Since the hollow portion is filled with concrete, the vertical steel pipe 12 can be reinforced and the stability of the lower structural portion 6 at the time of installation can be improved. Further, by using concrete, the amount of metal material used can be reduced.

In this embodiment, the coal unloading pier 1 is constructed by the frame structure 2 having a plurality of truss structures. This is an example in which the pier structure according to the present invention is adopted. However, the present invention is not limited to coal mining piers, but may be applied to water piers and structures used for other purposes. Further, in the present embodiment, as the members constituting the truss structure, steel pipes are used for the vertical members, the horizontal members, and the diagonal members, but the present invention is limited to the members of the frame structure having the truss structure. Instead, for example, a mold steel material or the like may be used as long as it has a strength that can withstand a practical pier load. The pier structure of the present invention is not limited to the above description and the configuration shown in the drawings, and it is needless to say that various changes can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

Further, in the present embodiment, the unloading pier 1 is constructed so that the upper structure portion 5 is disposed on the water, but the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the unloading pier 1. Without, for example, the pier structure may be configured to sink into the sea depending on the ebb and flow of the tide or the use,
Further, the pier structure is not limited to a state where the pier structure is always located on the water or is always located in the water. That is,
Of course, various configuration changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0030]

As described above, the first aspect of the present invention is as described above.
According to the pier structure according to any one of the above-described embodiments, the frame structure of the pier is
A pier structure that can be used for various types of ground by reducing the construction work on the water and shortening the construction work on the sea by constructing a frame with a truss structure and directly installing the foundation structure It becomes possible, and it is possible to reduce the load on the environment where the pier is installed. In other words, the present invention has a structure in which the horizontal force is counteracted by the frictional force between the concrete and steel of the foundation footing, and the vertical force is responded to by the soil bearing capacity of the ground. Since the pile driving operation can be omitted, the construction period at sea can be shortened, and thereby, an excellent effect that the construction cost can be reduced and the environmental load at the pier installation location can be reduced can be achieved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing the entire configuration of a coal pier according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the overall configuration of the coal pier.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a configuration of a frame structure of one block of the coal pier.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a detailed sectional view showing a configuration of a floor panel according to the embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a frame structure of one block of the coal unloading pier.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing a construction state of a floor plate and a foundation of the frame structure.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a usage state of the coal unloading pier according to the present embodiment.

[Description of Signs] 1 Unloading pier 2, 2a, 2b Frame structure 3 Ground 4 Water surface 5 Upper structure 6 Lower structure 7 Upper frame 8, 8a, 8b Floor plate 9 Concrete 10 Precast plate 12 Vertical steel pipe 13 Horizontal Steel pipes 14a, 14b, 14c Diagonal steel pipes 15 Lower frame 20 Base 20a Concrete

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A pier constructed on a water or underwater by connecting a plurality of frame structures in a horizontal direction, wherein the frame structure includes an upper structure portion located on or under water, and an upper structure on or under water. A vertical structure, a frame having a truss structure in units of blocks having a horizontal material and a diagonal material, and the upper structure portion is provided with a floor plate at an upper portion thereof, and is provided with an adjacent structure. The pier structure, wherein floor boards of the frame structures are arranged adjacent to each other, and the lower structural portion is provided with a base portion installed on the underwater ground at a lower end portion. 2. The pier structure according to claim 1, wherein the frame body is manufactured on the ground, and is transported and installed on the water in block units. 3. The pier structure according to claim 1, wherein the foundation has an installation area corresponding to the ground strength of the ground. 4. The pier structure according to claim 1, wherein the hollow portion is filled with concrete by using a metal tube as the vertical member. 5. The floorboard, after the lower structure is constructed on water or in water, a precast plate having a function of a structural member is installed on an upper frame provided on the lower structure. 5. The pier structure according to claim 1, wherein concrete is cast on the upper part of the precast plate.