JP2002205254A - Shaping method for optical element grinding/polishing tool, and grinding tool for shaping of grinding/polishing tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a shaping method for grinding/polishing tool and a grinding tool for shaping, capable of making the working surface of an optical element grinding/polishing tool into a predetermined radius of curvature, sphericity, or flatness with high precision by means of grinding process. SOLUTION: This method makes a grinding/polishing tool 4, which is used for grinding/polishing work of creating a spherical or flat surface by transferring the shape of working surface of the grinding/polishing tool 4 to a worked surface of the optical element by relative motion between the grinding/polishing tool 4 and an optical element using the grinding tool 1 while feeding abrasive grains 11, wherein the grinding in tool 1 formed with grooves 3 or holes on a working surface 2 is used, thereby facilitating sufficient supply of abrasive grains 11 into a clearance between the grinding tool 1 and the grinding/polishing tool 4, or discharge of grinding/polishing chips from the clearance.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tool shape manufacturing method for manufacturing a processing surface shape of a grinding / polishing tool used for grinding / polishing an optical element such as a lens, and further, a processing surface of a grinding / polishing tool. For producing a predetermined radius of curvature and sphericity or a predetermined flatness by rubbing.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The grinding and polishing of an optical element, such as a lens or the like, which transfers a shape of the tool to a surface to be processed of the optical element by relative movement by rotation and swing of the tool to create a spherical surface or a flat surface. In the production of the shape of the grinding / polishing tool used, a dish-shaped tool that creates a spherical shape or a planar shape using loose abrasives is available from the Japan Opto-Mechatronics Association “Optical Element Processing Technology '90” (1990.9) .Five )
[I-4 Grinding and Polishing], pp. 5-6, describes a cast iron plate as a roughing plate, and as a description of the surface of the plate surface, a soft metal filling into a nest is introduced. Further, it is common to use a tool obtained by sintering abrasive grains such as diamond with a metal or a resin for grinding and polishing of an optical element. The above-mentioned cast iron plate is used as a tool for producing a radius of curvature and a sphericity or a predetermined flatness. For this reason, a method is widely used in which a processing surface of a rubbing plate for producing a tool shape for grinding and polishing an optical element is in contact with a workpiece as in the case of the rough rubbing plate. .

[0003] A conventional general mode of grinding and polishing of an optical element such as a lens and the production of a shape of a grinding and polishing tool used for the grinding and polishing will be described below with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8. I do. FIG. 7 shows a mode in which a conventional optical element such as a lens is ground and polished, and FIG. 8 shows a mode in which a grinding and polishing tool used for grinding and polishing of an optical element is shaped by rubbing. 9 (a) and 9 (b) show a plan view and a partially broken side view of a rubbing tool used for manufacturing a shape of a processing surface of a grinding / polishing tool.

At the time of grinding and polishing of an optical element, as shown in FIG. 7, a lens 116 is provided with a lens holder 117 and a support screw 118 on a grinding and polishing tool 114 fixed to a rotatable drive shaft 115. , And the grinding fluid 113 is supplied through a pump (not shown) and a supply nozzle 112. The lens 116 is ground and polished by a relative rotational movement with respect to the grinding and polishing tool 114 and an oscillating movement of an arm 119 having a drive mechanism (not shown). 1
16 is transferred.

[0005] Further, in the case of a grinding process in which the radius of curvature and the sphericity of the processing surface of the grinding / polishing tool used for the above-mentioned grinding / polishing process are manufactured with a predetermined dimensional accuracy in advance, as shown in FIG. The rubbing tool 101 is used,
The processed surface 102 is formed to have a spherical curvature that takes into account the particle size of the abrasive grains 111 (FIG. 8) used for grinding to a predetermined curvature of the optical element 116 (FIG. 7) to be ground / polished. . In the manufacture of a tool shape by rubbing of a grinding / polishing tool, as shown in FIG. 8, a rubbing tool 101 is supported on a grinding / polishing tool 104 supported by a rotatable drive shaft 105 by a support screw 108. Pressurized and held, and abrasive grains 111 having a particle size of about # 240 to # 3000 are supplied via a pump (not shown) and the nozzle 110. The grinding / polishing tool 104 is a grinding tool 101
Abrasive grains 11 which are rolled by the relative rotational movement of the support 11 and the oscillating movement of the supporting wrench 108 having a drive mechanism (not shown).
1 to create a surface profile.

[0006]

In the production of a tool shape in the state in which the entire processing surface of the rubbing tool 101 in the conventional example as described above is used, the grinding and polishing tool 10 is used.
Since the supply of the abrasive grains 111 to the center of the gap between the rubbing tool 4 and the rubbing tool 101 cannot be sufficiently performed, the grinding chips cannot be sufficiently discharged, and the rolling of the abrasive grains cannot be performed uniformly. Partial contact between the grinding / polishing tool 104 and the rubbing tool 111 occurred, and it was difficult to produce a predetermined radius of curvature and sphericity or a predetermined flatness. For this reason, in producing a tool shape by rubbing, the rubbing time is adjusted based on experience, the rubbing process is interrupted, the rubbing tool 101 is removed, and abrasive grains 111 are provided at the center.
Skills such as supplying Further, the grinding / polishing tool 104 which is the workpiece after the rubbing process is performed.
The radius of curvature and sphericity or flatness of the grinding / polishing tool 1 cannot be stably manufactured to a predetermined standard.
There is a problem that the quality of the lens 116 processed in step 04 is not stable.

Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned unsolved problems of the prior art,
Grinding / polishing tool for optical element Shape of optical element grinding / polishing tool that can be manufactured to a specified radius of curvature and sphericity or a specified flatness by grinding the spherical or planar shape of the processed surface of the tool. Provided is a manufacturing method and a grinding tool for producing a grinding / polishing tool that can stably produce a predetermined spherical shape or a planar shape by grinding a processing surface of a grinding / polishing tool of an optical element. The purpose is to do so.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, a method for producing a shape of an optical element grinding / polishing tool according to the present invention is directed to a spherical surface of a grinding / polishing tool used for grinding / polishing an optical element. Alternatively, in a method of producing a shape of an optical element grinding / polishing tool for producing a predetermined curvature radius and a sphericity or a predetermined flatness by grinding a plane with a grinding tool, the grinding tool may be used on a surface of a processing surface. It is characterized in that a tool having a plurality of holes or grooves is used.

In the method for producing a shape of an optical element grinding / polishing tool according to the present invention, the hole or groove formed in the surface of the grinding surface of the rubbing tool is larger than the diameter of abrasive grains used in producing the shape of the grinding / polishing tool. It is preferable to have a large diameter and depth, or a width and depth larger than the diameter of the abrasive grains.

In the method of manufacturing a shape of an optical element grinding / polishing tool according to the present invention, the grinding / polishing of the optical element is performed by a relative movement of the grinding / polishing tool and the optical element by rotation and swing. The shape is transferred to the surface to be processed of the optical element to create a spherical surface or a flat surface.

The grinding tool for producing the shape of a grinding / polishing tool according to the present invention is a grinding / polishing tool used for grinding / polishing an optical element. In a grinding tool for producing a grinding / polishing tool having a sphericity or a predetermined flatness, a plurality of holes or grooves are formed on a surface of a processing surface.

In the grinding tool according to the present invention, the hole or groove formed in the processing surface has a depth greater than a diameter of an abrasive used in manufacturing the shape of the grinding / polishing tool. And a hole or groove formed in the processing surface is formed by drilling with a lathe, a drilling machine, or the like, or by grooving with a milling machine, a lathe, electric discharge, or the like. Is preferred.

[0013] The grinding tool for producing the shape of the grinding / polishing tool of the present invention is preferably made of cast iron.

[0014]

According to the present invention, the surface of a grinding or polishing tool used for grinding or polishing an optical element has a predetermined radius of curvature and a certain sphericity or a predetermined sphericity by a grinding process with a grinding tool. By using a rubbing tool with a hole or grooving on the surface of the processing surface when manufacturing to a flatness of, sufficient supply of abrasive grains to the gap between the rubbing tool and the grinding / polishing tool or grinding It facilitates the removal of debris and eliminates the need for skills such as adjusting the grinding time and the amount of abrasive grains based on experience. In addition, the grinding and polishing of the workpiece after the grinding process The radius of curvature, sphericity or flatness of the tool can be manufactured stably to the specified standard, which stabilizes the quality of the optical element processed by the grinding / polishing tool and reduces the manufacturing cost of the optical element. It can be to the valence.

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment 1) FIG. 1A is a schematic view showing an embodiment of a method for producing a shape of an optical element grinding / polishing tool according to the present invention, wherein FIGS. FIG. 3 is a plan view and a partially cutaway side view of the rubbing tool in the present embodiment.

The concave-shaped rubbing tool 1 in the present embodiment is made of cast iron or the like, and as shown in FIGS. Grooves 3 are formed by grinding or milling of a milling machine or a lathe, or by grooving by electric discharge machining. It has a larger width and depth, and its cross-sectional shape is formed in a triangular shape, a rectangular shape, a semicircular shape, or the like as shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B, and 3C.

Grinding using a concave grinding tool 1
When manufacturing the tool shape of the polishing tool, as shown in FIG. 1A, a grinding tool 1 is supported on a grinding / polishing tool 4 fixed to a rotatable drive shaft 5 by a support screw 8. , And abrasive grains 11 having a particle size of about # 240 to # 3000 are supplied via a pump (not shown) and the nozzle 10. The grinding / polishing tool 4 is ground by the abrasive grains 11 which are rolled by a relative rotational movement with respect to the rubbing tool 1 and a swinging movement of a supporting screw 8 provided with a drive mechanism (not shown).
A surface shape is created. At this time, by performing the rubbing process using the rubbing tool 1 in which the groove 3 is formed on the surface of the processing surface 2, sufficient grinding to the gap between the grinding / polishing tool 4 and the rubbing tool 1 is performed. The supply of the grains 11 and the discharge of the grinding debris can be sufficiently performed through the grooves 3 of the processing surface 2,
The rolling of the abrasive grains 11 can be made uniform, and it becomes easy to create a processed surface shape having a predetermined radius of curvature and sphericity in the grinding / polishing tool 4 after the rubbing process.

As described above, a grinding / polishing tool is formed by using a rubbing tool having a groove having a width and a depth larger than the abrasive grain size used for manufacturing the shape of the grinding / polishing tool on the surface of the processing surface. By manufacturing the tool shape, the spherical or planar shape of the grinding / polishing tool can be accurately formed to a predetermined radius of curvature, sphericity or predetermined flatness, and thus the tool shape was created. Optical elements such as lenses processed by a grinding / polishing tool have stable quality and can be manufactured at low cost.

(Embodiment 2) FIG. 2A is a schematic view showing another embodiment of a method for producing a shape of an optical element grinding / polishing tool according to the present invention, which is shown in FIGS. 2B and 2C. FIG. 3 is a plan view and a side view of the rubbing tool in the present embodiment.

The convex-shaped rubbing tool 1a in this embodiment is made of cast iron or the like, and is shown in FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 5, grooves 3a extending linearly in the radial direction are formed on the surface of the convex processing surface 2a by grinding such as a milling machine or a lathe or grooving by electric discharge machining. The groove 3a has a width and a depth larger than the diameter of the abrasive used when manufacturing the shape of the grinding / polishing tool, and its cross-sectional shape is as shown in FIGS. 3 (a), (b) and (c). It is formed in a triangular, rectangular or semi-circular shape.

When manufacturing the tool shape of the grinding / polishing tool using the convex-shaped rubbing tool 1a, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5, a grinding / polishing tool 4a is pressed and held by a tool base 14 and a support screw 8 on a rubbing tool 1a fixed to a rotatable drive shaft 5a, and a pump (not shown) and a nozzle Particle size # 240 to # 30 through 10
About 00 abrasive grains 11 are supplied. Grinding / polishing tool 4a
Is ground by the abrasive grains 11 which are rolled by a relative rotational movement with respect to the rubbing tool 1a and a swinging movement of a supporting screw 8a provided with a drive mechanism (not shown), and a surface shape is created. At this time, by performing the rubbing using the rubbing tool 1a in which the groove 3a is formed on the surface of the processing surface 2a, the grinding and polishing tool 4 is formed in the same manner as in the first embodiment.
a and sufficient abrasive grains 1 into the gap between
1 and discharge of the grinding waste can be sufficiently performed, and it becomes easy to create a processing surface shape having a predetermined radius of curvature and sphericity in the grinding / polishing tool 4a after the rubbing process.
Therefore, also in the present embodiment, it is possible to obtain the same operation and effect as in the first embodiment.

(Embodiment 3) FIGS. 4A and 4B
FIG. 8 is a plan view and a side view of a rubbing tool in another embodiment of the method for producing a shape of an optical element grinding / polishing tool of the present invention.

The convex rubbing tool 1b in this embodiment is made of cast iron or the like, and is shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b).
As shown in FIG. 2, a groove 3b that is concave with respect to the rotation direction of the tool is formed on the surface of the convex machining surface 2b by grinding such as a milling machine or a lathe or grooving by electric discharge machining. The grooves 3b have a width and depth greater than the diameter of the abrasive grains used for manufacturing the shape of the grinding / polishing tool, and the cross-sectional shapes thereof are shown in FIGS. 3 (a), 3 (b) and 3 (c).
Are formed in a triangular, rectangular or semicircular shape as shown in FIG.

When manufacturing the tool shape of the grinding / polishing tool using the convex-shaped rubbing tool 1b of the present embodiment, a method similar to that of the second embodiment described above (see FIG. 2A). Grinding and polishing tools are rubbed. At this time, since the outer peripheral end of the groove 3b created in the rubbing tool 1b is directed in the rotation direction, the abrasive grains 11 are moved to the rubbing tool 1b.
It easily flows toward the center of the gap between the grinding tool and the grinding / polishing tool, and it is easy to create a processing surface shape having a predetermined radius of curvature and sphericity. Therefore, also in the present embodiment, it is possible to obtain the same operation and effect as those of the above-described first and second embodiments.

(Embodiment 4) FIGS. 5A and 5B
FIG. 8 is a plan view and a side view of a rubbing tool in another embodiment of the method for producing a shape of an optical element grinding / polishing tool of the present invention.

The convex rubbing tool 1c in this embodiment is made of cast iron or the like, and is shown in FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b).
As shown in FIG. 7, a plurality of grooves 3c concentric with the outer shape of the tool are formed on the surface of the machining surface 2c by grinding such as a milling machine or a lathe or by grooving by electric discharge machining. And these grooves 3c are
It has a width and depth that are greater than the diameter of the abrasive grains used to produce the shape of the grinding / polishing tool.
It is formed in a triangular, rectangular or semicircular shape as shown in FIGS.

When manufacturing the tool shape of the grinding / polishing tool using the convex-shaped rubbing tool 1c of the present embodiment, a method similar to that of the second embodiment described above (see FIG. 2A). Grinding and polishing tools are rubbed. At this time, the abrasive grains 11 are held in the plurality of concentric grooves 3c created in the rubbing tool 1c, and the rolling of the abrasive grains is performed uniformly, with a predetermined radius of curvature and a true spherical shape. It was easy to create a degree of machined surface shape. Therefore, also in this embodiment, the same operation and effect as those of the above-described embodiment can be obtained.

(Embodiment 5) FIGS. 6A and 6B
FIG. 7 is a plan view and a side view showing a partial cross section of a rubbing tool in another embodiment of the method for producing a shape of an optical element grinding / polishing tool of the present invention.

The convex rubbing tool 1d in this embodiment is made of cast iron or the like, and is shown in FIGS.
As shown in the figure, a plurality of holes 3d are formed in the surface of the processing surface 2d.
Are formed by grinding or electric discharge machining of a lathe, drilling machine or the like.
Has a diameter and depth greater than the diameter of the abrasive grains used when manufacturing the shape of the grinding and polishing tool, and its cross-sectional shape is triangular,
It is formed in a rectangular or semicircular shape.

When manufacturing the shape of the grinding / polishing tool using the convex-shaped rubbing tool 1d of the present embodiment, the grinding / polishing tool is manufactured in the same manner as in the second embodiment (see FIG. 2A). Rubbing process. At this time, the abrasive grains 11
Is a plurality of holes 3d formed in the rubbing tool 1d.
The rolling of the abrasive grains was performed uniformly, and it was easy to create a processed surface shape having a predetermined radius of curvature and sphericity. Therefore, also in this embodiment, the same operation and effect as those of the above-described embodiment can be obtained.

[0032]

As described above, according to the present invention,
Grinding / polishing Grinding used in grinding / polishing of optical elements that creates a spherical or flat surface by transferring the processing surface shape of the tool to the surface to be processed of the optical element by the relative movement of the tool and the rotation and oscillation of the optical element・ Use a grinding tool with a hole or grooving in the surface of the grinding surface in the grinding process to make the spherical or planar shape of the grinding tool's processing surface to a predetermined radius of curvature and sphericity or a predetermined flatness in advance. By doing so, it becomes easy to supply sufficient abrasive grains to the gap between the grinding tool and the grinding / polishing tool or discharge the grinding dust, etc., and adjust the grinding time and the amount of abrasive grains based on experience. Such skills can be eliminated,
In addition, the radius of curvature, sphericity, or flatness of the grinding / polishing tool, which is the workpiece after the rubbing process, can be stably manufactured to a predetermined standard. The quality of the obtained optical element is stabilized, and the manufacturing cost of the optical element can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1A is a schematic view showing an embodiment of a method for producing a shape of an optical element grinding / polishing tool according to the present invention, and FIGS. 1B and 1C are plan views of a rubbing tool according to the present embodiment. It is the figure and the side view which fractured partially.

FIG. 2A is a schematic view showing another embodiment of a method for producing a shape of an optical element grinding / polishing tool according to the present invention, and FIGS. 2B and 2C are diagrams of a rubbing tool in the present embodiment. It is a top view and a side view.

FIGS. 3 (a), (b) and (c) are cross-sectional views illustrating the cross-sectional shape of a groove formed on the processed surface of the rubbing tool according to the present invention.

FIGS. 4 (a) and (b) show an optical element grinding method according to the present invention.
It is a top view and a side view of a rubbing tool in other examples of a grinding tool shape manufacturing method.

FIGS. 5 (a) and (b) show an optical element grinding method of the present invention.
It is a top view and a side view of a rubbing tool in other examples of a grinding tool shape manufacturing method.

FIGS. 6 (a) and (b) show an optical element grinding method according to the present invention.
It is the top view and side view which show in partial cross section of the grinding tool in the other Example of the shape manufacturing method of a grinding tool.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a mode of grinding and polishing a conventional optical element.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing a form in which a grinding / polishing tool used for grinding / polishing a conventional optical element is shaped by rubbing.

9 (a) and (b) show grinding and grinding of a conventional optical element.
It is the top view of the grinding tool used for manufacture of the shape of the processing surface of a grinding tool, and the side view which partly fractured.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 1a-1d Rubbing tool 2, 2a-2d Working surface 3, 3a-3c Groove 3d hole 4, 4a Grinding / polishing tool 5, 5a Drive shaft 8, 8a Support screw 10 Nozzle 11 Abrasive grain

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A grinding or polishing tool used for grinding or polishing an optical element, wherein a spherical surface or a flat surface of a processing surface of a grinding and polishing tool is manufactured to a predetermined radius of curvature and sphericity or a predetermined flatness by grinding with a grinding tool. A method of manufacturing a shape of an optical element grinding / polishing tool, wherein a tool having a plurality of holes or grooves formed in a surface of a processing surface is used as the rubbing tool. . 2. A hole or groove formed in a surface of a processing surface of the grinding tool has a diameter and a depth larger than a diameter of an abrasive used in manufacturing a shape of a grinding / polishing tool, or a diameter or a diameter of the abrasive. 2. The method for producing a shape of an optical element grinding / polishing tool according to claim 1, wherein the method has a large width and a large depth. 3. The grinding and polishing of the optical element is performed by transferring a processing surface shape of the tool to a surface to be processed of the optical element by a relative movement of the grinding and polishing tool and the optical element by rotation and swing. 3. A method for producing a shape of an optical element grinding / polishing tool according to claim 1, wherein a plane is created. 4. A grinding / polishing tool for producing a predetermined radius of curvature and sphericity or a predetermined flatness by grinding a spherical surface or a flat surface of a grinding / polishing tool used for grinding / polishing an optical element. 2. A grinding and grinding tool according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of holes or grooves are formed in the surface of the processing surface. 5. The hole or groove formed on the surface of the processing surface has a depth and a diameter or a width larger than a diameter of an abrasive used when manufacturing a shape of a grinding / polishing tool. A grinding tool for producing a shape of the grinding / polishing tool according to claim 4. 6. The hole or groove formed in the processing surface,
6. A grinding tool for producing a shape of a grinding / polishing tool according to claim 4, which is formed by drilling with a lathe, drilling machine or the like, or by grooving with a milling machine, lathe, electric discharge or the like. 7. The grinding tool for forming a shape of a grinding / polishing tool according to claim 4, wherein the tool is made of cast iron.