JP2002174516A - River observation device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a river observation device that can easily change an observation point to a proper position even if the position of a flow passage where water actually flows changes. SOLUTION: An upper side bearing 21 and an under side bearing 22 are placed at an upper side and an under side of an arm axis 13 and supported to be freely rotated, and therewith a gear box (driving means) 23 is connected to an end of the arm axis 13 through a universal joint 25. A self-aligning bearing, which automatically adjusts an axial center misalignment of the arm axis 13 using these upper side bearing 21 and under side bearing 22 as the upper side bearing and the under side bearing of the arm axis 13, is employed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a river observation device, and more particularly to a river observation device for observing a river water flow in preparation for a disaster such as a debris flow or a flood of a river due to heavy rain.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In order to avoid disasters such as debris flow and river flooding due to heavy rain, a sabo dam has been constructed upstream of a river to block outflow of sediment and to suppress rapid rise of river water and occurrence of debris flow. However, since the amount of sediment dammed by such a sabo dam is also limited, construction of a culvert sabo dam to reduce the flow of sediment is being considered instead of the sabo dam. A culvert sabo dam is provided with several culverts on a bank (trapezoidal) sabo dam provided across the river to reduce the flow of debris flow generated on the upstream side with the sabo dam and reduce the debris flow By spraying the water downstream through each culvert, the accumulation of sediment on the sabo dam is suppressed, and the function is maintained for a long time.

[0003] Such a culvert sabo dam does not completely block the generated debris flow. Therefore, in order to catch signs of the occurrence of debris flow at an early stage, changes in water flow, for example, changes in water level and flow velocity are accurately observed. It is necessary to alert downstream areas as needed. Conventionally, when observing the water level and flow velocity of a river like this, an arm is extended from the riverbank, and measuring instruments such as an ultrasonic water level meter and ultrasonic current meter are installed at the tip of the arm, and fixed observation points set in advance Was observing the water level and velocity.

[0004]

Since such a culvert sabo dam is constructed at a place where debris flow and rapid rise of water are expected to occur, the water that actually flows with respect to the river width range in the vicinity thereof. The position of the flow path (mio muscle) changes greatly. However, in such conventional river observation equipment, since the water level and flow velocity are observed at fixed observation points, the water actually flows due to topographical changes in the riverbed due to debris flow and rising water, and the flow rate of flowing water. If the position of the flowing channel changes, remove the fixture that fixes the arm,
An operation of shifting the angle direction by lifting the arm or the like is required, and there has been a problem that the observation point cannot be easily changed according to the position of the water channel.
The present invention is to solve such a problem,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a river observation device that can easily change an observation point to an appropriate position even when the position of a flow path through which water flows actually changes.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, a first river observation device according to the present invention is provided at an end of an arm for rotating the arm along a horizontal plane. A shaft, an upper bearing provided at an upper position of the arm shaft and rotatably supporting the arm shaft, and a lower side provided at a lower position of the arm shaft and rotatably supporting the arm shaft in cooperation with the upper bearing. A bearing, and a driving means connected to one end of the arm shaft via a universal joint to drive the arm shaft to rotate, and as an upper bearing and a lower bearing, an automatic adjustment for automatically adjusting the axial misalignment of the arm shaft. This uses an aligning bearing.

Means for fixing the rotation direction of the arm include a substantially fan-shaped holder plate fixed above the arm in parallel with a horizontal plane and having an arc end along the rotation direction of the arm. Is fixed to the upper surface of the arm, the other end is provided with a stopper protruding along the lower surface of the holder plate, and the arc end of the holder plate and the other end of the stopper are fastened with a clamp, so that a desired angular direction is obtained. The pivoted arm may be fixed, and the arm may be auxiliary supported upward. Further, a motor that operates according to remote control may be used as the driving unit.

A second river observation device according to the present invention includes a cylindrical main body for supporting an arm along a horizontal plane, and a cylindrical base for rotatably supporting a lower end of the main body.
The base has a flange on the outer periphery, and the lower end of the main body is flanged via a thrust bearing so that the axis of the main body is vertical when the upper part of the base is inserted from the lower end of the main body to the inside thereof. To be rotatably supported. As for the weight for balancing the arm weight and the weight, a weight arm supported by the main body in a direction opposite to the arm may be provided, and the weight may be detachably attached to the tip of the weight arm. Further, as means for adjusting the direction of the measuring means, a shaft rotatably attached along the arm and a shaft provided at the tip of the arm are rotated in accordance with the rotation of the shaft with the vertical direction as the axis. A measurement direction adjusting means and a rotation handle provided at the rear end of the shaft for rotating the shaft may be provided.

[0008]

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 show a first embodiment of the present invention.
1A is a plan view, FIG. 1B is a side view, and FIG. 2 is a front view. In the present embodiment, a river observation device installed on a slope 91 facing a river in a river embankment or the above-described culvert sabo dam will be described as an example.

The river observation apparatus according to the present embodiment includes an arm shaft 13 provided at the rear end of the arm 1 for rotating the arm 1 along a horizontal plane, and an arm provided at an upper position of the arm shaft 13. An upper bearing 21 rotatably supporting the shaft 13, a lower bearing 22 provided at a lower position of the arm shaft 13 and cooperating with the upper bearing 21 to rotatably support the arm shaft 13, and a universal joint 25. A gear box 23 that is connected to one end of the arm shaft 13 via the drive shaft 26 and drives the arm shaft 13 to rotate in accordance with the rotation of the drive handle 26.
As the lower bearing 22, a self-aligning bearing that automatically adjusts the axial deviation of the arm shaft 13 is used.

Hereinafter, the river observation apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described in detail. At the tip of the cylindrical arm 1, a support portion 10 is provided vertically downward, and at the lower end thereof, a water level measuring device 10A and a flow velocity measuring device 1 are provided as measuring means.
OB is attached. The water level measuring device 10A measures the distance from the water surface, that is, the water level, based on the time from when the ultrasonic wave is transmitted toward the water surface directly below and the reflected wave is received. The flow velocity measuring device 10B transmits an ultrasonic wave from the horizontal direction to the water surface obliquely downward (for example, 45 ° downward), and measures the velocity of the water flow based on a change in frequency with the reflected wave.

As shown in FIG. 3, an upper plate 11, a lower plate 12, and side plates 14, 15 are arranged at the rear end of the arm 1 so as to surround the upper, lower, left and right side surfaces from all sides, and are welded to each other. I have. The upper plate 11 and the lower plate 12 protrude outside the rear end of the arm 1 in a semicircular shape, penetrate the protruding portion, and are supported by a columnar arm shaft 13 having an axis in the vertical direction. Have been. The upper plate 11, the lower plate 12, and the arm 1 are fixed by pins 17. Side plate 1
The arms 4 and 15 and the arm 1 are fixed by pins 16.

The arm shaft 13 is rotatably supported from above and below by an upper bearing 21 provided at an upper position thereof and a lower bearing 22 provided at a lower position thereof. The upper bearing 21 is a plate-shaped upper bracket 3 provided with a notch (not shown) through which the arm shaft 13 passes.
1 supported. The lower bearing 22 is the arm shaft 1
3 is supported by a plate-shaped lower bracket 32 provided with a cut-out portion (not shown) through which it passes. These upper bracket 31 and lower bracket 32
Are welded to the support plate 30 installed on the slope 91 by the anchor bolts 39, and are supported substantially horizontally. 3
Reference numerals 4 and 35 are reinforcing plates.

As the upper bearing 21 and the lower bearing 22, a self-aligning bearing for automatically adjusting the axial deviation of the arm shaft 13 is used. FIG. 4 shows a configuration example of the self-aligning bearing. In the figure, a hole 41A through which the arm shaft 13 penetrates up and down is formed in the pedestal 41 at the center position in a plan view, and a rubber bush 43 is provided in the middle of the hole 41A.
An inner chamber 41B into which is fitted is formed. The cover 42 is formed with a hole 42A through which the arm shaft 13 penetrates up and down at the center position in plan view, and is screwed and attached to the pedestal 41. By penetrating and fixing the arm shaft 13 to the rubber bush 43, the arm shaft 13 is elastically and rotatably supported by the rubber bush 43. Therefore, even when the axis of the arm shaft 13 is misaligned due to the bending of the arm 1, or when the axis of the upper bearing 21 and the lower bearing 22 is misaligned during manufacturing or installation, the arm 1 is smoothly rotated. Can move. It should be noted that the configuration of the self-aligning bearing is not limited to that shown in FIG. 4 and can be applied to this embodiment as long as the same operation as described above can be obtained.

A shaft 24 of the gear box 23 is connected to an upper end of the arm shaft 13 via a universal joint 25, and the universal joint 25 also absorbs the axial deviation. The gear box 23 is supported by a plate-shaped handle bracket 33 having a hole (not shown) through which the shaft 24 penetrates downward. The handle bracket 33 is welded to the support plate 30 and is supported substantially horizontally. The number of rotations is reduced according to the rotation of the drive handle 26 of the gear box 23, and the shaft 24 is rotated.
The arm 1 is rotated in the horizontal direction via the arm 3.

As described above, the upper bearing 21 and the lower bearing 22 are provided above and below the arm shaft 13 so as to be rotatably supported, and a gear box (driving means) is provided at one end of the arm shaft 13 via the universal joint 25. 23, and as these upper and lower bearings, self-aligning bearings for automatically adjusting the axis deviation of the arm shaft are used. Therefore, the fixing device for fixing the arm is removed as in the related art. After that, it is not necessary to lift the arm to shift the angular direction, and the heavy arm 1 can be rotated in an arbitrary angle direction by an easy operation, and the water level and the water level can be obtained at any observation point. The flow velocity can be observed. Note that a motor that operates in accordance with remote control may be provided instead of the drive handle 26, whereby the motor can be installed on a slope 91 that is suitable for observation but is difficult to work.

A substantially fan-shaped holder plate 36 is fixed to the upper bracket 31 at a position above the arm 1 in parallel with a horizontal plane. At the tip of the holder plate 36 (the tip direction of the arm 1), an arc end 36A is formed along the rotation direction of the arm 1. On the other hand, a stopper 37 whose other end protrudes along the lower surface of the holder plate 36 is fixed to the upper side surface of the arm 1. The other end of the stopper 37 is welded to a lower end 38A of a holding portion of a clamp (for example, a vise) 38. FIG. 2 does not show the clamp 38 for convenience. This clamp 38
With the arc end 36A of the holder plate 36 and the stopper 3
By fastening the other end of the arm 7, the arm rotated in a desired angular direction is fixed, and the arm 1 is supported auxiliaryly upward (holder plate 36).

FIG. 5 shows an installation example of the river observation apparatus according to the present embodiment. Here, it is installed on the slope 91 facing the river (upstream or downstream) of the culvert sabo dam 9. The culvert sabo dam is provided with several culverts 93 on a bank (trapezoidal cross section) -shaped sabo dam provided across the river, and the debris flow generated on the upstream side is alleviated by the sabo dam. Is discharged to the downstream side through each culvert to suppress the accumulation of sediment at the sabo dam and maintain the function for a long time. In FIG. 5, a river observation device is installed above the exit (or entrance) of each culvert 93 on the slope 91. As a result, even when the position of the flow path (mio line) of the flowing water actually changes significantly with respect to the river width range, it is possible to reliably and accurately observe the water level and the flow velocity.

Next, a river observation device according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG.
FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram (side view) illustrating a river observation device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, a river observation device installed on the upper side surface 92 of a river embankment or the above-described culvert sabo dam will be described as an example. The river observation device according to the present embodiment includes a cylindrical main body 61 that supports an arm 71 along a horizontal plane, and a lower end 61A of the main body 61.
And a cylindrical base 51 that rotatably supports.

A pedestal 52 and a reinforcing plate 53 are welded to the lower end of the base 51, and the upper surface 92 is fixed by an anchor bolt 54.
It has been installed to. The upper outer diameter of the pedestal 52 is formed smaller than the inner diameter of the main body 61, and
Is inserted from the lower end 61A of the main body 61 into the inside thereof, and is supported such that the axial direction of the main body 61 is vertical. A flange 55 is formed on the outer peripheral portion of the base 51. On the other hand, a donut-shaped support plate 63 is welded to the outer periphery of the main body lower end 61A, and a sprocket 64 is screwed to a lower surface of the support plate 63. Thrust bearing 5 between flange 55 and sprocket 64
The lower end 61 of the main body is rotatably supported by the flange 55 via the thrust bearing 56.

A cylindrical reinforcing portion 62 is attached to the outer periphery of the arm supporting position of the main body 61 to increase the supporting strength. A cylindrical bracket 65 is attached to the reinforcing portion 62, and an arm 71 is supported via a connecting portion 72. A handle bracket 57 is horizontally mounted on the outer peripheral portion of the base 51 at a position lower than the flange 55, and is supported by a reinforcing plate 58. A gear box 74 for rotating the sprocket 64 via a chain 75 is attached to the handle bracket 57. The number of rotations is reduced according to the rotation of the drive handle 76 of the gear box 74, the sprocket 64 is rotated, and the main body 61 and the arm 71 are horizontally rotated. Thereby, the heavy arm 71 can be rotated in an arbitrary angle direction by an easy operation, and the water level and the flow velocity can be observed at an arbitrary observation point. In particular, even if the arm is long and heavy, the arm can be rotated stably.

A weight arm 77 is supported by the reinforcing portion 62 of the main body 61 on the side opposite to the arm 71 side (connecting portion 72 side). A weight box 78 for detachably mounting the weight 79 is attached to the tip of the weight arm 77. Therefore, the arm 71 side and the weight arm 77 side can be balanced with the main body 61 as a center, and stable observation can be realized. In addition, even when the arm 71 is rotated, it is possible to avoid the occurrence of a biased and unreasonable load on the rotation center main body 61.

The arms 71 are connected in series at a plurality of stages via connecting portions 73. A handrail-shaped fixing seat 59 is arranged at a position slightly away from the base 51, and the arm 71 is fixed to the fixing seat 59 by a belt or the like at the time of observation.
The angle direction is fixed. At the tip of the arm 71, a supporting portion 10 is supported vertically downward via a gear box (measuring direction adjusting means) 83, and a water level measuring device 10A and a flow velocity measuring device 10B are attached to the lower end thereof. ing. A shaft 82 is rotatably attached to the gear box 83 along the arm 71. By rotating the rotating handle 81 provided at the rear end (the end on the main body 61 side) of the shaft 82, the support portion 10 rotates about the vertical direction as the axis.

Thus, even when the relatively long arm 71 is rotated over a wide range, the flow velocity measuring device 10B
Can be adjusted, for example, in a direction along the water flow direction, and a more accurate flow velocity can be measured. FIG. 7 shows an installation example of the river observation device according to the present embodiment. Here, it is installed on the upper side surface 92 of the culvert sabo dam. Thereby, even when there are a plurality of culverts 93 and the position of the flow path (mio line) of the actually flowing water greatly changes, the water level and the flow velocity can be reliably and accurately observed by one river observation device.

[0024]

As described above, the present invention provides an arm shaft provided at the rear end of an arm for rotating the arm along a horizontal plane, and an arm shaft provided at an upper position of the arm shaft for rotating the arm shaft. An upper bearing movably supported, a lower bearing provided at a lower position of the arm shaft to cooperatively support the arm shaft with the upper bearing, and connected to one end of the arm shaft via a universal joint And, a driving means for rotationally driving the arm shaft is provided, and as the upper bearing and the lower bearing, a self-aligning bearing that automatically adjusts the axial deviation of the arm shaft is used. After removing the fixing device fixing the arm,
It is not necessary to lift the arm and shift the angular direction, so the heavy arm can be rotated to any angle direction with easy work, and the water level and flow velocity can be observed at any observation point .

Also, a cylindrical main body for supporting the arm along the horizontal plane and a cylindrical base for rotatably supporting the lower end of the main body are provided, and the base has a flange on the outer periphery thereof. Then, the lower end of the main body is rotatably supported by a flange via a thrust bearing so that the axial direction of the main body is vertical when the upper portion of the base is inserted from the lower end of the main body to the inside thereof. In addition to the above-described effects, the arm can be stably rotated even if the arm is long and heavy.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view and a side view of a river observation device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the river observation device in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing an arm shaft mounting portion.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a configuration example showing a self-aligning bearing.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an installation example of the river observation device in FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a plan view and a side view of a river observation device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing an installation example of the river observation device in FIG. 6;

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Arm, 10 ... Support part, 10A ... Water level measuring instrument, 10
B: velocity measuring instrument, 11: upper plate, 12: lower plate, 13: arm shaft, 14, 15: side plate, 21: upper bearing, 22: lower bearing, 23: gear box, 24: shaft, 25: universal Joint, 26: drive handle, 30: support plate, 31: upper bracket, 32: lower bracket, 33: handle bracket, 34, 35: reinforcing plate,
39 ... anchor bolt, 36 ... holder plate, 37 ...
Stopper, 38: clamp, 38A: lower end of holding section, 4
1 ... base, 41A ... hole, 41B ... inner chamber, 42 ... cover,
43: rubber bush, 51: base, 51A: upper part of base,
52: pedestal, 53: reinforcing plate, 54: anchor bolt, 5
5 Flange, 56 Thrust bearing, 57 Handle bracket, 58 Reinforcement plate, 59 Fixed seat, 61
Main body, 61A: Lower end of main body, 62: Reinforcing part, 63: Support plate, 64: Sprocket, 65: Cylindrical bracket, 71
... arms, 72, 73 ... connections, 74 ... gear boxes,
75 ... chain, 76 ... drive handle, 77 ... weight arm, 78 ... weight box, 79 ... weight, 8
1. Rotating handle, 82: shaft, 83: gear box.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) G01P 5/00 E02B 3/00 // E02B 3/00 G01W 1/10 P G01W 1/10 G01F 23/28 S (72) Inventor Kunio Hongo 1-28-28 Motomachi, Matsumoto-shi, Nagano Pref. Ministry of Construction Hokuriku Regional Construction Bureau Matsumoto Sabo Works Office (72) Inventor Atsushi Nakanishi 1-28-28 Motomachi, Matsumoto-shi, Nagano Prefecture Ministry of Construction Hokuriku Regional Construction Bureau Matsumoto Sabo Construction Office (72) Inventor Toshimi Shimizu 1-28-28 Motomachi, Matsumoto City, Nagano Prefecture Ministry of Construction Hokuriku Regional Construction Bureau Matsumoto Sabo Construction Office (72) Inventor Tetsuya Oi Motomachi, Matsumoto City, Nagano Prefecture 1-8-28, Ministry of Construction Hokuriku Regional Construction Bureau Matsumoto Sabo Works Office (72) Inventor Minosuke Yodogawa 100 Maeda-cho, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture Small (72) Kazuto Taino, Inventor 100, Maeda-cho, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture F-term (reference) 2F014 AB01 FB01 2F035 AA03 DA08 DA14 DA15

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A river observation device for observing a water flow of a river using a measuring means attached to a tip of an arm, wherein an arm shaft provided at a rear end of the arm for rotating the arm along a horizontal plane. An upper bearing provided at an upper position of the arm shaft and rotatably supporting the arm shaft; and a lower bearing provided at a lower position of the arm shaft and rotatably supporting the arm shaft in cooperation with the upper bearing. A side bearing, and a driving means connected to one end of the arm shaft via a universal joint to rotate and drive the arm shaft. The upper bearing and the lower bearing automatically shift the axis of the arm shaft. A river observation device comprising a self-aligning bearing for adjustment. 2. The river observing device according to claim 1, wherein the holder plate is fixed at a position above the arm in parallel with a horizontal plane, and has a substantially fan-shaped holder plate having an arc end along a rotation direction of the arm. A stopper having one end fixed to the upper surface of the arm and the other end protruding along the lower surface of the holder plate; and fastening an arc end of the holder plate and the other end of the stopper to a desired angle. The river observation device further comprising: a clamp for fixing the arm rotated in a direction and supporting the arm upward in an auxiliary manner. 3. The river observation device according to claim 1, wherein the driving unit includes a motor that operates according to remote control. 4. A river observation device for observing a river flow using a measuring means attached to a tip of an arm, comprising: a cylindrical main body supporting the arm along a horizontal plane; and a lower end of the main body rotatably. A cylindrical base for supporting the base, the base has a flange on the outer periphery thereof, and the axial direction of the main body is vertical with the upper part of the base inserted from the lower end of the main body to the inside thereof. A river observation apparatus, wherein a lower end of a main body is rotatably supported by the flange via a thrust bearing. 5. The river observation device according to claim 4, further comprising: a weight arm supported by the main body in a direction opposite to the arm, and a weight detachably attached to a tip of the weight arm. Characteristic river observation device. 6. The river observation device according to claim 1, wherein a shaft rotatably attached along the arm, and a direction of the measuring means provided at a tip of the arm in accordance with rotation of the shaft. A river observation device, further comprising: a measurement direction adjusting means for rotating the shaft about a vertical direction; and a rotation handle provided at a rear end of the shaft for rotating the shaft.