JP2002168325A - Reduction gear - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To simplify the shapes of parts of a reduction gear and to improve the efficiency of assembling work of the reduction gear by preventing rotation of a nut for determining the position of a bearing by utilizing a male spline of an output shaft. SOLUTION: In the output shaft 42 of the reduction gear 41, a carrier 22 of a planetary gear reduction mechanism 18 is connected to the male spline 43, and the nut 51 for positioning the bearing 31 is engaged with a male screw part 47. Further, a rotation preventive plate 54 located below the carrier 22 is attached to the outer surface side of the male spline 43 in the engaged condition, and the plate 54 is attached also to the nut 51 with an attaching pin 57. Therefore, the nut 51 can be prevented from rotating relative to the output shaft 42 by utilizing the male spline 43, and the shapes of the carrier 22, the output shaft 42, etc., can be simplified. Moreover, the rotation preventive plate 54 can be easily attached.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a speed reducer suitable for use in a turning device such as a hydraulic excavator or a hydraulic crane.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a construction machine such as a hydraulic shovel or a hydraulic crane is provided with a turning device for turning an upper revolving structure on a lower traveling structure. A reduction gear that reduces rotation and transmits a large rotation torque to an output shaft is mounted.

[0003] Therefore, an example in which this kind of conventional reduction gear is applied to a turning device of a hydraulic shovel will be described as an example.
This will be described with reference to FIGS.

First, FIGS. 17 to 19 show a first prior art, and 1 is a swivel device provided between a lower traveling structure and an upper revolving structure (both not shown) of a hydraulic shovel.
The turning device 1 includes a hydraulic motor 2 serving as a rotation source that rotationally drives an output shaft 2A by supplying and discharging pressure oil from outside.
And a speed reducer 9 to be described later for reducing the rotation of the output shaft 2A of the hydraulic motor 2 and transmitting the reduced speed to the turning wheel 3.

[0005] Here, the revolving wheel 3 comprises an inner ring 6 fixed to the round body 4 on the lower traveling body side and provided with internal teeth 6A, an outer ring 7 fixed to the revolving frame 5 on the upper revolving body side, and an inner ring 6. A plurality of steel balls 8 (1
(Only one is shown). And turning wheel 3
The upper ring is rotated on the lower traveling body by rotating the outer ring 7 around the inner ring 6 via the steel balls 8.

Reference numeral 9 denotes a speed reducer which constitutes the turning device 1 together with the hydraulic motor 2.
0, planetary gear reduction mechanisms 13 and 18, an output shaft 24, an upper bearing 31, a lower bearing 32, and the like.

Reference numeral 10 denotes a stepped cylindrical housing which forms an outer shell of the speed reducer 9. The housing 10 is arranged on one side (upper side) in the axial direction and accommodates a speed reduction mechanism provided with the hydraulic motor 2 on the upper end side. Upper housing 11 as a portion, and lower housing 1 as a shaft supporting portion fixed to the other axial side (lower side) of upper housing 11 using a plurality of bolts or the like.
2 is constituted.

Here, upper and lower internal teeth 11A and 11B are formed on the inner peripheral side of the upper housing 11 over the entire circumference. Further, an annular step portion 12 </ b> A protruding in the radial direction is provided on the inner peripheral side of the lower housing 12. The lower housing 12 is fixed to the revolving frame 5 on the lower side with a plurality of bolts or the like.

Reference numeral 13 denotes a first-stage planetary gear reduction mechanism provided in the upper housing 11.
A sun gear 14 spline-coupled to the output shaft 2A of the hydraulic motor 2, the sun gear 14 and the upper housing 11
And a plurality of planetary gears 15 (only one is shown) that revolve around the sun gear 14 while rotating with the internal gear 11A of the sun gear 14
And a carrier 17 that rotatably supports the planetary gears 15 via pins 16.

Reference numeral 18 denotes a second-stage (final-stage) planetary gear reduction mechanism provided in the housing 10 and located below the planetary gear reduction mechanism 13. The planetary gear reduction mechanism 18 is a planetary gear reduction mechanism. 13, a sun gear 19 spline-coupled to the carrier 17 and the sun gear 19 and the upper housing 1.
A plurality of planetary gears 20 meshing with one internal tooth 11B and revolving while rotating around the sun gear 19 (only one is shown)
And a carrier 22 that rotatably supports the planetary gears 20 via pins 21.

The lower part of the carrier 22 is
As shown in FIG. 8, a substantially cylindrical tubular portion 22A protrudes downward. An output shaft 2 described later is provided in the cylindrical projection 22A.
A female spline 23 meshing with the fourth male spline 25 is formed, and the revolution of each planetary gear 20 is transmitted to the output shaft 24 via the carrier 22. Than this,
The planetary gear reduction mechanisms 13 and 18 reduce the rotation of the hydraulic motor 2 in two stages and transmit a large rotation torque to the output shaft 24.

Reference numeral 24 denotes an output shaft provided in the lower housing 12 so as to extend in the axial direction.
As shown in FIG.
8, a male spline 25 to which the carrier 22 is spline-coupled, an upper bearing mounting portion 26 located below the male spline 25 to which an upper bearing 31 described later is mounted, and a lower side of the upper bearing mounting portion 26 The lower bearing 32 which will be described later
And a lower bearing mounting portion 27 to which is mounted. The lower end of the output shaft 24 is provided with the inner ring 6 of the turning wheel 3.
Is provided with a pinion 28 that meshes with the internal teeth 6A formed at the center.

On the outer peripheral side of the output shaft 24, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 19, a male screw portion 29 which is located between the male spline 25 and the upper bearing mounting portion 26 and into which a nut 33 described later is screwed, and one of the outer circumferential sides of the output shaft 24 in the circumferential direction. A key groove 30 is formed by performing cutting or the like, and extends in the axial direction across the male spline 25 and the male screw portion 29.

An upper bearing 31 is provided between the lower housing 12 and the upper bearing mounting portion 27 of the output shaft 24. The upper bearing 31 is an inner race fitted on the outer peripheral side of the upper bearing mounting portion 27. 31A and the inner peripheral side of the lower housing 12, and the other side surface in the axial direction is the stepped portion 12 of the lower housing 12.
A comprises an outer ring 31B in contact with A, and a plurality of rolling elements 31C provided between the inner ring 31A and the outer ring 31B, and is configured as a tapered roller bearing.

Reference numeral 32 denotes a lower bearing provided between the lower housing 12 and the lower bearing mounting portion 27 of the output shaft 24. The lower bearing 32 is formed of a tapered roller bearing or the like. 27, an outer race 32B fitted to the inner periphery of the lower housing 12, and an inner race 32.
A and a plurality of rolling elements 32C provided between outer ring 32B
And is constituted by. The upper bearing 31 and the lower bearing 32 rotatably support the output shaft 24 in the housing 10.

Numeral 33 denotes an annular nut attached to the male screw portion 29 of the output shaft 24. As shown in FIG. A portion 33A and a plurality of screw holes 33B formed at, for example, four locations in the circumferential direction are provided.

The nut 33 is screwed into the male screw portion 29 of the output shaft 24, is stopped by a rotation stop key 34, and has a lower surface in contact with the upper end surface of the inner ring 31A of the upper bearing 31. Thereby, the nut 33 is connected to the upper bearing 3.
The bearing 31 is positioned in the axial direction while a constant preload is applied to the bearing 1.

Reference numeral 34 denotes a detent key mounted on the upper surface side of the nut 33. The detent key 34 is made of a metal plate or the like provided with a projection 34A and a screw insertion hole 34B. The nut 33 is locked to the output shaft 24 by being fastened to the nut 33 by bolts 35 while being engaged with the key groove 30 of the shaft 24.

The turning device 1 according to the first prior art has the above-described configuration. When the hydraulic motor 2 operates,
The rotation is transmitted to the pinion 28 of the output shaft 24 via the planetary gear reduction mechanisms 13 and 18, and the pinion 28
By rotating in a meshing state with the internal teeth 6 </ b> A, it revolves along the inner ring 6. As a result, the upper swing body to which the swing device 1 is fixed swings on the lower traveling body via the swing wheel 3.

When the nut 33 is attached to the output shaft 24 in the assembling operation of the turning device 1, first, the nut 33 is screwed into the male thread portion 29 of the output shaft 24 and rotated, so that the nut 33 is attached to the upper bearing 31. The upper bearing 31 is positioned by contacting the inner ring 31A with a constant preload. Further, the protrusion 34A of the detent key 34 is engaged with the key groove 30 of the output shaft 24, and the detent key 3 of each screw hole 33B of the nut 33 is inserted into the screw insertion hole 34B.
The screw hole 33B close to 4 is aligned. Then, in this state, the detent key 34 is fixed to the nut 33 by the bolt 35.
And the nut 33 is stopped from rotating with respect to the output shaft 24.

On the other hand, a second prior art shown in FIG. 20 is known in contrast to the first prior art described above.

In the second prior art, the nut 36 is fixed to the carrier 2 of the planetary gear reduction mechanism 18 by a fixing pin 37.
2, the nut 36 is prevented from rotating with respect to the output shaft 24.

A third prior art shown in FIG. 21 is known in contrast to the first and second prior arts described above.

In the third prior art, a projection 39 is provided on the inner peripheral side of the nut 38. When the nut 38 is attached, first, the nut 38 is screwed into the male screw portion 29 of the output shaft 24, and then the protrusion 39 is plastically deformed inward in the radial direction so that the male spline 25 of the output shaft 24 is formed.
The nut 38 is stopped from rotating with respect to the output shaft 24 by engaging with.

[0025]

In the first prior art described above, it is necessary to drill the keyway 30 in the output shaft 24 and to drill a number of screw holes 33B in the nut 33. Processing and forming of the shaft 24 and the nut 33 are troublesome. When the nut 33 is attached, the screw hole 33
Except for the position where B overlaps with the screw insertion hole 34B of the rotation stop key 34, the nut 33 cannot be stopped, and it is difficult not only to apply a constant preload to the bearing 31, but also to use the screw hole 33B and the screw insertion hole. There is a problem that the turning device 1 cannot be efficiently assembled due to poor workability when aligning the swinging device 34B.

In the second prior art, the carrier 22
Of these, the shape and weight of the carrier 22 tend to be large in order to secure the strength of the portion where the fixing pin 37 is inserted. Further, since a pin insertion hole for the fixing pin 37 is opened on the lower surface side of the carrier 22, it is difficult to align the pin insertion hole with the pin insertion hole of the nut 33, and these pin insertion holes are difficult. There is a problem that the fixing pin 37 cannot be smoothly inserted into the fitting hole.

Further, in the third prior art, the engagement state between the projection 39 and the male spline 25 is likely to vary depending on, for example, the skill of an operator who plastically deforms the projection 39 of the nut 38. , The reliability decreases. In addition, since the nut 38 cannot be easily removed from the output shaft 24 after the turning device 1 is assembled, there is a problem that the maintainability at the time of inspection and repair is reduced.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to enable a nut to be securely stopped with respect to an output shaft with a simple structure, and to realize a carrier, an output shaft,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a speed reducer capable of simplifying the shape of a nut or the like and improving workability and maintainability during assembly.

[0029]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a housing in which one side in the axial direction is a housing for a speed reduction mechanism and the other side is a shaft support, and a housing provided in the housing for the speed reduction mechanism. One or more stages of planetary gear reduction mechanisms for reducing the rotation of the rotation source, and a final stage carrier provided in the housing to extend in the axial direction and one side in the axial direction constituting the planetary gear reduction mechanism. The output shaft, which is provided between an output shaft which is a male spline to be engaged and which is separated from the male spline on the other side in the axial direction as a bearing mounting portion, and a shaft support portion of the housing and a bearing mounting portion of the output shaft. The present invention is applied to a speed reducer comprising a bearing rotatably supporting a shaft.

The first aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the output shaft is located between the male spline and the bearing mounting portion and is screwed to the outer peripheral side of the output shaft so as to extend in the axial direction. An annular nut whose other side abuts against the end surface of the bearing; and a nut inserted into the outer peripheral side of the male spline on one side of the nut to engage with the male spline to stop the nut from rotating with respect to the output shaft. And an annular detent member.

With this configuration, a nut can be screwed onto a male screw portion or the like formed between the male spline and the bearing mounting portion on the outer peripheral side of the output shaft, and this nut contacts the end surface of the bearing. The bearing can be positioned by contact. In addition, the detent member can be fitted and fitted on the outer peripheral side of the male spline by using a male spline provided on the output shaft for mounting the carrier of the planetary gear reduction mechanism. Then, by connecting the detent member and the nut, rotation of the nut with respect to the output shaft can be restricted to prevent the nut from becoming loose.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, a female spline that meshes with the male spline of the output shaft is formed on the entire inner circumference of the rotation preventing member.

Thus, the female splines of the detent member can be inserted into the outer peripheral side of the male splines of the output shaft, and these can be splined over the entire circumference.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the detent member is attached to the nut in a detented state by a mounting pin or a mounting screw.

Thus, the rotation preventing member meshed with the male spline of the output shaft can be mounted on the nut by the mounting pin or the mounting screw, and the rotation of the nut can be restricted.

Further, according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the detent member is provided with an engaging portion which engages with the nut and regulates the rotation of the nut.

Thus, the engaging portion of the detent member can be engaged with the nut, and the rotation of the nut can be restricted by the detent member.

[0038]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a reduction gear transmission according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS.

FIGS. 1 to 4 show a first embodiment according to the present invention. In this embodiment, the same reference numerals are given to the same components as in the prior art, and the description thereof will be omitted. And

In the drawing, reference numeral 41 denotes a speed reducer applied to this embodiment in place of the speed reducer 9 of the prior art.
Is configured to include a housing 10, planetary gear reduction mechanisms 13, 18, an upper bearing 31, a lower bearing 32, an output shaft 42, a nut 51, a rotation stop plate 54, a mounting pin 57, and the like, which will be described later.

Reference numeral 42 denotes bearings 31 and 32 in the housing 10.
An output shaft rotatably provided through the output shaft 42
Is a male spline 43 formed to attach the carrier 22 of the planetary gear reduction mechanism 18 to which the carrier 22 is splined and the upper bearing 3 in substantially the same manner as in the prior art.
1 and the lower bearing 32
And the inner teeth 6 of the inner ring 6.
A pinion 46 meshed with A, a male screw portion 47 and the like, which is located between the male spline 43 and the upper bearing mounting portion 44 and to which a nut 51 is screwed, are formed. But,
The output shaft 42 has a configuration in which the conventional keyway 30 is omitted.

Numeral 51 designates a nut applied to the present embodiment in place of the conventional nut 33. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the nut 51 has a cylindrical portion 22A of the carrier 22 and an inner ring 31A of the upper bearing 31. It is formed of an annular metal plate or the like having a larger outer diameter dimension, and a female screw part 52 screwed to the male screw part 47 of the output shaft 42 is provided on the inner peripheral side. The outer periphery of the nut 51 is the carrier 2
The second cylindrical portion 22A protrudes radially outward from the second cylindrical portion 22A, and a pin insertion hole 53 through which a mounting pin 57 described later is inserted is provided in this protruding portion in a plate thickness direction.

The nut 51 is screwed into the male screw portion 47 of the output shaft 42, and is locked with respect to the output shaft 42 by a rotation preventing plate 54 and a mounting pin 57, which will be described later.
The upper bearing 31 is in contact with the upper end surface of the inner ring 31A. As a result, the nut 51 positions the bearing 31 in the axial direction while applying a constant preload to the upper bearing 31.

Reference numeral 54 denotes a detent plate serving as a detent member provided on the outer peripheral side of the output shaft 42 in mesh with the male spline 43. The detent plate 54 is formed of, for example, a substantially annular metal plate. Male spline 43 on inner side
A female spline 55 is provided over the entire circumference. On the outer peripheral side of the rotation stop plate 54, for example, a substantially triangular projection 54A is provided so as to project radially outward, and the projection 54A has a pin insertion hole 5 for a mounting pin 57 to be described later.
6 are formed in the thickness direction.

The rotation preventing plate 54 is fitted with the female spline 55 meshingly engaged with the outer peripheral side of the male spline 43 of the output shaft 42, and has the upper surface side of the carrier 22 (the cylindrical portion 22).
A) is arranged so as to abut or face the lower end face of
The lower surface is in contact with the nut 51. Thus, the rotation preventing plate 54 is axially positioned by the lower end surface of the carrier 22 and the nut 51, and is restricted from moving upward along the male spline 43.

The protrusion 54A of the rotation stop plate 54
Is integrally attached to the nut 51 by an attachment pin 57. Thereby, the rotation stop plate 54 holds the nut 51 in a rotation stop state with respect to the output shaft 42, and prevents the nut 51 from being displaced from the screw position adjusted in advance by rotating and loosening. It is.

Reference numeral 57 denotes a mounting pin which is press-fitted and inserted into the pin insertion holes 53 and 56 of the nut 51 and the detent plate 54.
4 are connected to each other in a detented state.

Here, when the reduction gear 41 is operated, an external force or the like is applied between the gears 19 and 20 of the planetary gear reduction mechanism 18 so that the carrier 22 moves upward together with the rotation preventing plate 54 along the male spline 43. May move. For this reason, the mounting pin 57 protrudes upward from the detent plate 54, and even if the detent plate 54 moves upward with respect to the mounting pin 57, the protruding end side of the mounting pin 57 is positioned on the detent plate 54. Pin insertion hole 56
It does not come off.

The speed reducer 41 according to the present embodiment has the above-described configuration, and its basic operation is not particularly different from that of the prior art.

Next, when assembling the speed reducer 41, the nut 51
A description will be given of a mounting operation for mounting the rotation stop plate 54 to the output shaft 42.

First, the nut 51 is screwed into the male screw portion 47 of the output shaft 42 and rotated, whereby the nut 33 is brought into contact with the inner ring 31A of the upper bearing 31 with a certain preload, and the upper bearing 31 is positioned. And the output shaft 42
Detent plate 5 on the outer periphery of male spline 43
4 and the female spline 55 and the male spline 43 of the output shaft 42 are engaged with each other. At this time, the rotation stop plate 54 is inserted into the outer peripheral side of the male spline 43 in a state where the position in the rotation direction is adjusted in advance so that the pin insertion hole 56 overlaps the pin insertion hole 53 of the nut 51.

Next, the mounting pin 57 is inserted into these pin insertion holes 53 and 56 from above, whereby the detent plate 54 is integrally attached to the nut 51, and the nut 51 and the detent plate 54 are inserted. Complete the installation work. Thus, the rotation stopping plate 54 can stop the rotation of the nut 51 with respect to the output shaft 42 in cooperation with the mounting pin 57, and can prevent the nut 51 from being loosened.

Thus, according to the present embodiment, the male spline 43 for the carrier 22 is provided on the outer peripheral side of the output shaft 42.
An annular detent plate 54 is provided so as to mesh with the nut and prevent the nut 51 from being rotated with respect to the output shaft 42. Therefore, the female spline 55 of the detent plate 54 is entirely connected to the male spline 43 of the output shaft 42. The spline connection can be stably performed over the circumference, and in this state, the rotation preventing plate 54 can be integrally fixed to the nut 51 by the mounting pin 57.

Thus, the rotation stopping plate 54 can reliably stop the nut 51 from rotating with respect to the output shaft 42 in cooperation with the mounting pin 57. For example, the rotation of the output shaft 42 or the external force causes the nut 51 to rotate. While preventing sagging,
The nut 51 allows the upper bearing 31 to be stably positioned over a long period of time, thereby improving reliability.

The rotation of the nut 51 can be realized with a simple structure by using the male spline 43 substantially similar to that of the prior art. According to the present embodiment, it is not necessary to form an insertion hole or the like or to form a large number of screw holes 33 </ b> B in the nut 33.
2. The shapes of the nuts 51 and the like can be simplified to easily process and form them, and the reduction gear transmission 41 can be efficiently assembled.

For example, when the reduction gear 41 is disassembled for inspection, repair, or the like, the nut 51 and the rotation stop plate 54 can be smoothly removed from the output shaft 42 without plastic deformation. Can be increased.

Further, by forming the detent plate 54 in an annular shape, the detent plate 54 can be easily mounted by inserting the detent plate 54 on the outer peripheral side of the male spline 43 of the output shaft 42 during the mounting operation. When the rotation stop plate 54 is previously rotated, the rotation stop plate 54
The pin insertion hole 56 can easily be aligned with the pin insertion hole 53 of the nut 51. When the mounting pin 57 is mounted in this state, the detent plate 54 can be stably supported in a state of being inserted and fitted on the outer peripheral side of the male spline 43. Therefore, for example, the mounting of the mounting pin 57 and the retightening of the nut 51 are performed. It is possible to prevent the pin insertion holes 53 and 56 from being displaced during the above operation, and it is possible to enhance the workability at the time of mounting.

Next, FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment according to the present invention. The feature of this embodiment is that a female spline is partially formed on the inner peripheral side of the detent plate. It is in. In this embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.

Reference numeral 61 denotes a detent plate used in this embodiment in place of the detent plate 54 of the first embodiment.
The detent plate 61 is formed of a substantially annular metal plate or the like provided with a protrusion 61A on the outer peripheral side, similarly to the first embodiment.

However, on the inner peripheral side of the rotation stop plate 61, there is provided a circular insertion hole 61B inserted through the outer peripheral side of the male spline 43 of the output shaft 42. In the peripheral wall of the insertion hole 61B, for example, three female spline portions 62 are provided at one location in the circumferential direction.
Two female spline portions 63 are provided at another location apart from the two, and these female spline portions 62 and 63 are provided.
Is engaged with the male spline 43.

The rotation stop plate 61 has a projection 6
By attaching the mounting pin 57 between the pin insertion hole 64 provided in 1A and the pin insertion hole 53 of the nut 51, the mounting pin 57 is integrally attached to the nut 51 and stops the nut 51 from rotating. It is.

Thus, also in the present embodiment having such a configuration, it is possible to obtain substantially the same operation and effect as in the first embodiment. And especially in this embodiment,
Since, for example, two female spline portions 62 are partially provided on the peripheral wall of the insertion hole 61B of the rotation stop plate 61, the processing and formation thereof can be performed more easily while maintaining the function as the rotation stop plate 61. be able to.

Next, FIG. 6 shows a third embodiment according to the present invention. The feature of this embodiment is that the locking plate is provided with an engaging recess for a mounting pin. In this embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.

Reference numeral 71 denotes a rotation stopper plate formed of a substantially annular metal plate or the like. The rotation stopper plate 71 has a female spline 7 on its inner peripheral side in substantially the same manner as in the first embodiment.
2, and a projection 71A is provided on the outer peripheral side thereof.

However, the projection 71A is provided with a substantially U-shaped engaging recess 73 which is opened at the outer edge of the rotation preventing plate 71. The engaging recess 73 is provided in the nut 51 in the circumferential direction of the output shaft 42. Is opened in the direction opposite to the direction in which it loosens. The rotation stop plate 71 is configured to be mounted on the nut 51 in a rotation stopped state by engaging the mounting pin 57 in the engagement recess 73.

Thus, also in the present embodiment configured as described above, it is possible to obtain substantially the same operation and effect as in the first embodiment.

Next, FIG. 7 shows a fourth embodiment according to the present invention. The feature of this embodiment is that the mounting pin is inserted into the detent plate side and loosely fitted on the nut side. I did it. In this embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.

Reference numeral 81 denotes a pin insertion hole formed in the nut 51 in place of the pin insertion hole 53. The pin insertion hole 81 is formed with a larger hole diameter than the mounting pin 57. The upper end of the mounting pin 57 is press-fitted into the pin insertion hole 56 of the rotation preventing plate 54 and is inserted, and the distal end side is loosely fitted in the pin insertion hole 81 with a small gap.

Thus, also in the present embodiment having such a configuration, it is possible to obtain substantially the same operation and effect as in the first embodiment.

Next, FIG. 8 shows a fifth embodiment according to the present invention. The feature of this embodiment is that the nut and the detent plate have a small outer diameter. In this embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.

Reference numeral 91 denotes an annular nut screwed onto the male screw portion 47 of the output shaft 42. The nut 91 has a female screw portion 92 and a pin insertion hole 93 substantially in the same manner as in the first embodiment. Is formed. However, the outer diameter of the nut 91 is formed to be small enough to slightly project radially outward from the inner ring 31A of the upper bearing 31, and the pin insertion hole 93 is open facing the upper end surface of the inner ring 31A. .

Reference numeral 94 denotes a rotation stop plate for stopping the rotation of the nut 91 with respect to the output shaft 42.
For example, the male spline 4 of the output shaft 42 is formed of an annular metal plate or the like having an outer diameter substantially equal to that of the nut 91.
3 is provided with a female spline 95 that meshes with the pin 3 and a pin insertion hole 96 that is opened facing the lower end surface of the carrier 22.
The nut 91 and the detent plate 94 are connected in a detented state by mounting pins 97 inserted in these pin insertion holes 93 and 96.

Thus, also in the present embodiment having such a configuration, it is possible to obtain substantially the same operation and effect as in the first embodiment.

Next, FIG. 9 shows a sixth embodiment according to the present invention. The feature of this embodiment is that a mounting pin is arranged on the outer peripheral side of a nut. In this embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.

Reference numeral 101 denotes an annular nut screwed onto the male screw portion 47 of the output shaft 42. The nut 101 has a female screw portion 102 and a pin insertion hole 1 similar to the first embodiment.
03 is formed. However, the pin insertion hole 103 is formed from the outer peripheral side of the nut 101 toward the radial inside.

Reference numeral 104 denotes a rotation stop plate for stopping the rotation of the nut 101 with respect to the output shaft 42.
4 is an annular flat plate portion 1 which is in contact with the upper surface of the nut 101.
04A and a cylindrical portion 104B protruding downward from the outer peripheral side of the flat plate portion 104A and fitted to the outer peripheral side of the nut 101.

A female spline 105 meshing with the male spline 43 is formed on the inner peripheral side of the flat plate portion 104A.
A pin insertion hole 106 is formed in the cylindrical portion 104B.
The nut 101 and the rotation stop plate 104 are connected to the pin insertion holes 103 and 106 from the outside in the radial direction of the cylindrical portion 104B.
It is connected in a detented state by a mounting pin 107 inserted therein.

Thus, in the present embodiment having the above-described structure, substantially the same operation and effect as those of the first embodiment can be obtained.

Next, FIG. 10 shows a seventh embodiment of the present invention. The feature of this embodiment is that a pin insertion hole is provided in the rotation preventing plate used in the sixth embodiment. Instead, the configuration is such that an engagement recess is provided. In this embodiment, the same components as those in the sixth embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.

Reference numeral 111 denotes an engaging recess provided in the cylindrical portion 104B in place of the pin insertion hole 106 of the rotation stop plate 104. The engaging concave portion 111 cuts, for example, one circumferential portion of the cylindrical portion 104B. Formed by taking, substantially U-shaped,
It has a U-shape and opens downward. Then, the nut 101 and the rotation stop plate 104 are connected to the pin insertion hole 103 from the radial outside of the cylindrical portion 104B via the engagement recess 111.
It is connected in a detented state by a mounting pin 107 inserted therein.

Thus, in the present embodiment configured as described above, substantially the same operation and effect as in the sixth embodiment can be obtained.

Next, FIG. 11 shows an eighth embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is characterized in that the nut used in the sixth embodiment is replaced with a pin insertion hole. The configuration is such that an engagement recess is provided. In this embodiment, the same components as those in the sixth embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.

Reference numeral 121 denotes an engaging recess provided in the radially outer portion of the nut 101 in place of the pin insertion hole 103. The engaging recess 121 is, for example, one of the radially outer portions of the nut 101 in the circumferential direction. It is formed by cutting out a portion in a substantially U-shape or a U-shape, and opens over the upper surface side and the outer peripheral side of the nut 101. The nut 101 and the rotation stop plate 104 are press-fitted into the pin insertion hole 106 from the radially outer side of the cylindrical portion 104B, and the leading end side is engaged with the engagement recess 12.
1 and are connected in a detented state by a mounting pin 122 protruding inside.

Thus, in the present embodiment configured as described above, it is possible to obtain substantially the same operation and effect as in the sixth embodiment.

Next, FIG. 12 shows a ninth embodiment according to the present invention. The feature of this embodiment is that the detent plate is attached to the nut in a detented state by mounting screws. In this embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.

Reference numeral 131 denotes a screw hole formed in the nut 51 in place of the pin insertion hole 53, and a mounting screw 133 is inserted into the screw hole 131 through a screw insertion hole 132 provided in the rotation preventing plate 54. The rotation stop plate 54 is screwed, and is attached to the nut 51 by an attachment screw 133 in a state where the rotation is stopped.

Thus, in the present embodiment configured as described above, substantially the same operation and effect as those of the first embodiment can be obtained. And especially in this embodiment,
By using the mounting screw 133, the rotation preventing plate 54 can be more reliably fixed to the nut 51.

Next, FIGS. 13 and 14 show a tenth embodiment according to the present invention. The feature of this embodiment is that the engaging portion provided on the rotation preventing plate is related to the concave groove provided on the nut. That is, it is configured to be combined. In this embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.

Reference numeral 141 denotes a concave groove provided on the outer peripheral side of the nut 51. The concave groove 141 is formed, for example, by performing a cutting process or the like at one position in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral side of the nut 51. Extending in the direction.

Reference numeral 142 denotes a projection 54A of the rotation stop plate 54.
The engaging protrusions as engaging portions provided on the
42 is formed by bending the end side of the projection 54A downward in a substantially L-shape, and the tip end thereof is engaged in the concave groove 141 of the nut 51. Thus, the rotation stop plate 54 is attached to the concave groove 141 of the nut 51 via the engagement protrusion 142 in a state of stopping rotation.

Thus, also in the present embodiment configured as described above, it is possible to obtain substantially the same operation and effect as in the first embodiment. And especially in this embodiment,
By providing the engagement projection 142 on the rotation stop plate 54, the number of components can be reduced by omitting the mounting pins and the like.

FIGS. 15 and 16 show an eleventh embodiment according to the present invention. The feature of this embodiment is that the nut used in the tenth embodiment is replaced with a concave groove. The mounting hole is provided. In the present embodiment, the same components as those in the tenth embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.

Reference numeral 151 denotes the concave groove 141 of the tenth embodiment.
Instead of this, a mounting hole provided on a radially outer portion of the nut 51 is engaged with an engaging projection 152 as an engaging portion provided on the projection 54A of the rotation preventing plate 54 in the mounting hole 151. Have been. Thereby, the rotation stop plate 54
The nut 51 is attached to the mounting hole 151 of the nut 51 via the engaging projection 152 in a detented state.

Thus, in the present embodiment configured as described above, substantially the same operation and effect as in the tenth embodiment can be obtained.

In each of the above embodiments, the reduction gear 41 provided with the two-stage planetary gear reduction mechanisms 13 and 18 has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this.
The present invention may be applied to a turning device provided with a planetary gear reduction mechanism having two or more stages.

[0096]

As described above in detail, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the output shaft is provided with an annular detent member which is inserted into the outer peripheral side of the male spline in a meshing state and detents the nut. As a result, the detent member can be attached to the outer peripheral side of the male spline in a stable meshing state, and the nut is securely detented to the output shaft with a simple structure using a male spline similar to the conventional technology. can do. As a result, the shapes of the carrier, the output shaft, the nut and the like can be simplified, and these can be easily processed and formed, and the reduction gear can be efficiently assembled. Also, when attaching the detent member to the nut, this member can be stably supported by being inserted into the outer peripheral side of the male spline, preventing the detent member from being displaced with respect to the nut during the mounting operation. The workability at the time of installation and the maintainability at the time of disassembly can be improved.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the female spline that meshes with the male spline of the output shaft is formed on the inner peripheral side of the detent member, the detent member is connected to the male spline of the output shaft. Can be splined stably against
With a simple structure, the nut can be securely stopped against the output shaft.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the rotation-stopping member is attached to the nut in a rotation-stopped state by the mounting pin or the mounting screw, the rotation-stopping member engaged with the male spline of the output shaft is attached to the mounting pin. Alternatively, the nut can be stably fixed by the mounting screw, and the rotation of the nut can be reliably restricted.

Further, according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the detent member is provided with the engaging portion for engaging with the nut and restricting the rotation of the nut. The nut can be engaged with the nut side, and the rotation of the nut can be reliably restricted by the rotation preventing member, and the number of parts can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which a speed reducer according to a first embodiment of the present invention is applied to a turning device.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing an output shaft, an upper bearing, a nut, a detent plate and the like in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view as viewed from a direction indicated by arrows III-III in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of an essential part showing a nut, a rotation stop plate, a mounting pin and the like in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a nut, a detent plate, and the like according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a nut, a rotation stop plate, and the like according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of a main part of a nut, a rotation stop plate, a mounting pin, and the like according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of a main part showing a nut, a rotation stop plate, a mounting pin and the like according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view of an essential part showing an enlarged view of a nut, a detent plate, a mounting pin and the like according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of a main part showing a nut, a rotation preventing plate, a mounting pin, and the like according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view of an essential part showing an enlarged view of a nut, a detent plate, a mounting pin and the like according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of a main part, showing a nut, a rotation stop plate, a mounting pin and the like according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing a part of a speed reducer according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view as viewed from the direction indicated by arrows XIV-XIV in FIG.

FIG. 15 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing a part of a speed reducer according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view as viewed from the direction indicated by arrows XVI-XVI in FIG.

FIG. 17 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a speed reducer according to a first prior art.

18 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing a nut, a detent key and the like in FIG. 17;

FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view as viewed from the direction indicated by arrows XIX-XIX in FIG. 18;

FIG. 20 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing a part of a speed reducer according to a second conventional technique.

FIG. 21 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing a part of a speed reducer according to a third conventional technique.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Swivel device 2 Hydraulic motor (rotation source) 9 Reduction gear 10 Housing 11 Upper housing (reduction mechanism accommodation part) 12 Lower housing (shaft support part) 13, 18 Planetary gear reduction mechanism 17, 22 Carrier 31 Upper bearing (bearing) 32 Lower bearing (bearing) 41 Reduction gear 42 Output shaft 43 Male spline 44,45 Bearing mounting part 46 Pinion 47 Male screw part 51,91,101 Nut 52,92,102 Female screw part 53,56,64,93,96, 103, 106 Pin insertion hole 54, 61, 71, 94, 104 Detent plate 55, 72, 95, 105 Female spline 57, 97, 107, 122 Mounting pin 62, 63 Female spline portion 73, 111, 121 Engagement Recess 81 Pin insertion hole 131 Screw hole 132 Screw insertion hole 133 Mounting screw 142, 152 Fitting protrusions (engaging portions)

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) F16H 1/28 F16D 1/02 M (72) Inventor Hayato Masuda 650, Kandamachi, Tsuchiura-shi, Ibaraki Prefecture Hitachi Construction Machinery Inside the Tsuchiura Plant, Ltd. (72) Inventor Yuji Igawa 650, Kandamachi, Tsuchiura-shi, Ibaraki Prefecture Inside the Tsuchiura Plant, Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. (72) Takeshi Kurihara 650, Kandamachi, Tsuchiura-shi, Ibaraki Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Akihiro Tanaka Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. 650, Kandamachi, Tsuchiura City, Ibaraki Prefecture Inside (72) Inventor Shinichi Sekido 650, Kandamachi, Tsuchiura City, Ibaraki Prefecture Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. In-plant F-term (reference) 2D015 DA04 3J009 DA13 DA14 DA20 EA14 EA21 EA32 FA02 FA06 3J027 FB10 GB03 GC13 GC22 GD03 GD09 GD12 GE03 3J063 AA15 AB12 AC01 BA01 BA05 BB19 BB23 CA01 CB06 CB41 CD53 CD63 XA03

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A housing in which one side in the axial direction is a reduction mechanism housing portion and the other side is a shaft support portion, and one or more stages of planets provided in the reduction mechanism housing portion of the housing to reduce the rotation of a rotation source. A gear reduction mechanism and a male spline that is provided extending in the axial direction within the housing and one side in the axial direction is a male spline that meshes with the final stage carrier that constitutes the planetary gear reduction mechanism and is separated from the male spline to the other axial side. In the reduction gear transmission, the output shaft is a bearing mounting portion, and the bearing is provided between the shaft support portion of the housing and the bearing mounting portion of the output shaft and rotatably supports the output shaft. An annular nut which is located between the male spline and the bearing mounting portion, is screwed to the outer peripheral side of the output shaft, and has another axial side surface abutting against the end surface of the bearing, and On one side of Reduction gear, characterized in that a configuration in which the rotation stopper member annular shape around stopping the nut relative to the output shaft by being fitted on the outer peripheral side of Kieu spline said male splines mesh. 2. The reduction gear transmission according to claim 1, wherein a female spline meshing with a male spline of the output shaft is formed on an inner peripheral side of the detent member over the entire circumference. 3. The reduction gear transmission according to claim 1, wherein the detent member is attached to the nut in a detented state by a mounting pin or a mounting screw. 4. The reduction gear transmission according to claim 1, wherein the rotation-stopping member is provided with an engagement portion that engages with the nut and regulates rotation of the nut.