JP2002165378A - Charging system of control valve type lead-acid battery - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a charging system capable of charging a control valve type lead-acid battery in a short time and capable of improving the life of the battery. SOLUTION: In the system, until charging voltage of the battery reaches up to 2.45 V as a regulated voltage, the battery is charged while reducing current values in decreasing order of 200 A as a first step, 100 A as a second step, 50 A as a third step and 20 A as a fourth step. After that, a charging cycle is performed by the constant voltage of 2.45 V up to the charging amount that is 101% of the discharged amount. When reaching the cycle up to an integral multiple of 10, another 1% of the gross discharged amount in the 10 cycles is charged.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a charging method for a control valve type lead-acid battery used for cycling.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Recently, an electric power storage system using a storage battery has been developed. This system is a system that stores inexpensive surplus power at night in a storage battery and discharges the storage battery during daytime power demand to supply power.

[0003] In these systems, a control valve type lead-acid battery is generally used. The control valve type lead-acid battery is different from the liquid type lead-acid battery in that oxygen gas generated at the positive electrode due to electrolysis of water at the time of charging can be reduced to water at the negative electrode. It is.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A control valve type lead-acid battery is
In general, a paste-type positive electrode plate and a paste-type negative electrode plate are laminated and welded via a retainer to form an electrode group, and the electrode group is inserted into a battery case to prepare a diluted sulfuric acid electrolyte. It is used in a state where it is soaked in the electrode plate group. There is a strong demand for a longer life and a shorter charging time.

[0005] As a method of extending the life of a control valve type lead-acid battery, a method of charging with a constant voltage is known. However, this method has a problem that it cannot be applied to the above-described power storage system for charging at night because the charging time is long.

On the other hand, as disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 2890829, a method of charging with a constant current and then charging with a constant voltage has been studied. However, when this method is used, there is a problem that it is difficult to apply to a power storage system intended for long-term use because the life of the control valve type lead storage battery is relatively short.

On the other hand, charging with a constant current until the set voltage is reached, and charging when the charge voltage is reduced by reaching the set voltage are repeated until the charged amount reaches 110 to 120% of the discharged amount. A so-called multi-stage constant current charging system is being studied in Japanese Patent Application No. 11-334413. However, this method tends to cause overcharging,
The lead alloy used in the current collector for the positive electrode corrodes and changes to lead dioxide, deforming the positive electrode plate and causing a short circuit with the negative electrode plate, or the positive electrode active material falls off the current collector and the discharge amount decreases. Cases such as lowering have been observed.

On the other hand, when the charge amount is reduced, it is known that the active material that is difficult to be charged and discharged accumulates in the negative electrode, and as a result, the discharge amount of the control valve type lead-acid battery is reduced, and the life is shortened at an early stage. Have been.

[0009] An object of the present invention is to provide a charging system capable of extending the life of a control valve type lead-acid battery as compared with the related art.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is an improvement of a charging system for a control valve type lead-acid battery. That is, after measuring the amount of discharge, the first invention charges until reaching the set voltage at a constant current value or a constant power value, and after reaching the set voltage, the current value or the power value This is a control valve type lead-acid battery charging method that repeats a step of charging until a set voltage is reached with a small current value or power value, and then performs a cycle of constant voltage charging, wherein 102 to 105% of the discharge amount is charged. It is characterized by doing.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, after measuring a discharge amount, the battery is charged at a constant current value or a constant power value until a set voltage is reached. A method of charging a control valve type lead-acid battery that repeats a step of charging until a set voltage is reached with a smaller current value or power value and then performs a cycle of constant voltage charging, wherein 100 to 102% of the discharge amount is reduced. The battery is charged, and when the cycle has reached an integral multiple of a specified cycle, 1 to 3% of the total discharge amount during the specified cycle is supplementarily charged.

In a third aspect, the prescribed cycle is 5 to 5.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the set voltage is 2.3 to 2.5 V / cell.

[0013]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION A conventional control valve type lead-acid battery having a paste type negative electrode plate in which 1% of carbon powder is added to a negative electrode active material, having a voltage of 2 V and a rated capacity of 1000 Ah is used. Experimented. Then, the electrode group was arranged so as to be horizontal, and the experiment was performed in an atmosphere at an ambient temperature of 25 ° C.

The initial discharge capacity is 100 A discharge (0.1
CA discharge, discharge end voltage: 1.8 V / cell). Thereafter, a cycle life test was performed using various charging methods described below.

At each charge and discharge of 100 cycles, each control valve type lead-acid battery is fully charged at a constant voltage of 2.45 V, and then discharged at 100 A (0.1 CA discharge, discharge end voltage: 1.8 V). / Cell). The life was defined as the number of cycles at which the discharge capacity of the control valve type lead storage battery became 80% or less of the initial discharge capacity.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention in which the above-mentioned 2V-1000Ah controlled valve type lead-acid battery is used will be described in detail below.

(Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a charging method of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a charging curve of a control valve type lead-acid battery using the charging method of the present invention. Using these, the charging method of the first embodiment will be described in detail.

1) The fully-charged control valve type lead-acid battery is discharged at 200 A for 3.5 hours, charged after measuring the amount of discharge.

2) First Step (200A Charging Mode) When charging is started, a 200A charging mode is entered as a first step, and the control valve type lead storage battery is charged with a relatively large constant current (FIG. 1). It should be noted that the voltage of the control valve type lead storage battery gradually increases with the progress of charging, and when the voltage exceeds the set voltage value (2.45 V) as shown in FIG. 5, the mode shifts to the charging mode in the second step. .

3) Second Step (100A Charge Mode) In the second step, the control valve type lead storage battery is charged with a constant current of 100A. And even in this 100A charging,
The voltage of the control valve type lead-acid battery gradually increases with an increase in the amount of charge, and when the voltage exceeds a set voltage value (2.45 V) (FIG. 5), the battery is switched to a charge mode in a third step described later. Move on.

4) Third Step (50A Charge Mode) In the third step, the control valve type lead storage battery is charged with a constant current of 50A. Then, even in the 50A charging, the voltage of the control valve type lead storage battery gradually increases with charging, and it is determined whether the voltage of the control valve type lead storage battery has exceeded a set voltage value (2.45 V) (FIG. 1). . Then, when the voltage of the control valve type lead storage battery exceeds the set voltage value (2.45 V) (FIG. 5), the process proceeds to a charging mode in a fourth step described later.

5) Fourth Step (20A Charging Mode) In the fourth step, 2 is less than in the third step.
The control valve type lead storage battery is charged with a constant current of 0A. And
Also in the fourth step, the voltage of the control valve type lead-acid battery gradually increases with charging (FIG. 1). Then, when the voltage of the control valve type lead storage battery reaches the set voltage value (2.45 V), charging is continued at a constant voltage of 2.45 V, and charging is terminated when reaching 102% of the discharge amount. Then, the cycle of discharging again was repeated.

(Comparative Example 1) FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a charging method of Comparative Example 1, and FIG. 6 is a charging curve of a control valve type lead-acid battery using this charging method. The fully charged control valve type lead-acid battery is discharged at 200 A for 3.5 hours, and charged after measuring the amount of discharge.

When charging starts, the first step is to enter a 200 A charging mode, in which the control valve type lead storage battery is charged with a relatively large constant current (FIG. 3). In addition, the voltage of the control valve type lead storage battery gradually increases as the charging progresses.
Then, the voltage of the control valve type lead storage battery is set to the set voltage value (2.4).
When the voltage reached 5 V), the charge was terminated when the discharge amount reached 102% at a constant voltage of 2.45 V, and the cycle of discharging thereafter was repeated.

(Comparative Example 2) FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a charging method of Comparative Example 2, and FIG. 7 is a charging curve of a control valve type lead-acid battery using this charging method.

1) The fully-charged control valve type lead-acid battery is discharged at 200 A for 3.5 hours, charged after measuring the amount of discharge.

2) First Step (200A Charging Mode) When charging starts, a 200A charging mode is entered as a first step, and the control valve type lead-acid battery is charged with a relatively large constant current (FIG. 4). It should be noted that the voltage of the control valve type lead-acid battery gradually increases with the progress of charging, and when the voltage exceeds the set voltage value (2.45 V) (FIG. 7), the mode shifts to the charging mode in the second step.

3) Second Step (100A Charge Mode) In the second step, the control valve type lead storage battery is charged with a constant current of 100A. And even in this 100A charging,
The voltage of the control valve type lead-acid battery gradually increases with an increase in the charged amount, and when the voltage exceeds a set voltage value (2.45 V) (FIG. 7), the battery is switched to a charging mode in a third step described later. Move on.

4) Third Step (50A Charge Mode) In the third step, the control valve type lead storage battery is charged with a constant current of 50A. Then, even in the 50 A charging, the voltage of the control valve type lead storage battery gradually increases with charging, and it is determined whether or not the voltage of the control valve type lead storage battery has exceeded a set voltage value (2.45 V) (FIG. 4). . When the voltage of the control valve type lead-acid battery exceeds the set voltage value (2.45 V) (FIG. 7), the process proceeds to a charging mode in a fourth step described later.

5) Fourth Step (20A Charging Mode) In the fourth step, 2 is less than in the third step.
The control valve type lead storage battery is charged with a constant current of 0A. And
Also in the fourth step, the voltage of the control valve type lead-acid battery gradually rises with charging, and when the charge amount of the control valve type lead-acid battery reaches 102% of the discharge amount, the charging ends (FIG. 7).
Thereafter, the cycle of discharging was repeated.

Table 1 shows the life cycle of the control valve type lead-acid battery and the average time required for charging for 100 cycles from the beginning of the test for Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 described above. From Table 1, Example 1 using the present invention is Comparative Example 1,
The average time required for charging is slightly longer than that of No. 2, but the life of the control valve type lead storage battery can be greatly extended.

In this embodiment, as described above, a method of charging 102% of the discharge amount as the constant coefficient is used. However, even when the discharge amount is set in the range of 102 to 105% of the discharge amount, substantially the same is applied. Good results were obtained.

In this embodiment, the set voltage value is set to 2.45 V as described above, but almost the same good results are obtained in the range of 2.3 to 2.5 V.

[0034]

[Table 1]

(Embodiment 2) FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a charging system according to the present invention, and Embodiment 2 will be described in detail using these flowcharts. It should be noted that the charge curve of the control valve type lead storage battery is omitted because it is the same as that of FIG. 5 described above, except for the part where the charge amount is 101% of the discharge amount.

1) The fully-charged control valve type lead-acid battery is discharged at 200 A for 3.5 hours, and charged after measuring the amount of discharge.

2) First Step (200A Charging Mode) When charging is started, a 200A charging mode is entered as a first step, and the control valve type lead storage battery is charged with a relatively large constant current (FIG. 2). Note that, as the charging proceeds, the voltage of the control valve type lead storage battery gradually increases, and when the voltage exceeds the set voltage value (2.45 V), the mode shifts to the charging mode in the second step.

3) Second Step (100A Charge Mode) In the second step, the control valve type lead storage battery is charged with a constant current of 100A. And even in this 100A charging,
The voltage of the control valve type lead-acid battery gradually increases with an increase in the amount of charge, and when the voltage exceeds a set voltage value (2.45 V) (FIG. 5), the battery is switched to a charge mode in a third step described later. Move on.

4) Third Step (50A Charge Mode) In the third step, the control valve type lead storage battery is charged with a constant current of 50A. Then, even in the case of 50 A charging, the voltage of the control valve type lead storage battery gradually increases with charging, and it is determined whether or not the voltage of the control valve type lead storage battery has exceeded a set voltage value (2.45 V) (FIG. 2). . Then, when the voltage of the control valve type lead storage battery exceeds the set voltage value (2.45 V) (FIG. 5), the process proceeds to a charging mode in a fourth step described later.

5) Fourth Step (20A Charging Mode) In the fourth step, 2 is less than in the third step.
The control valve type lead storage battery is charged with a constant current of 0A. And
Also in the fourth step, the voltage of the control valve type lead-acid battery gradually increases with charging (FIG. 2). When the voltage of the control valve type lead storage battery reaches the set voltage value (2.45 V), the battery is charged at a constant voltage of 2.45 V until it reaches 101% of the discharge amount.

If the charge / discharge cycle at this point is not an integral multiple of 10 (specified cycle), the cycle of discharging again is repeated. On the other hand, when the charge / discharge cycle at this point was an integral multiple of 10 (specified cycle), a cycle of supplementary charging of 1% of the total discharge amount in the past 10 cycles and then discharging again was repeated.

Table 2 shows the life cycle of the control valve type lead-acid battery and the average time required for charging for 100 cycles from the beginning of the test. As shown in Table 2, when the present invention is used, the charging time can be made shorter than in Example 1, and the life of the control valve type lead storage battery can be further extended.
It is considered that this is because the use of the second embodiment makes it difficult to overcharge.

[0043]

[Table 2]

In this embodiment, the method of charging 101% of the discharge amount is used as the constant coefficient as described above. However, even when the discharge amount is set in the range of 100 to 102%, almost the same is applied. Good results were obtained.

In this embodiment, the set voltage value is set to 2.45 V / cell as described above.
Almost the same good results were obtained in the V / cell range.

Further, in this embodiment, as described above, when the specified cycle reaches an integral multiple of 10, the supplementary charge of 1% of the total discharge amount is used. In case of 2% or 3% of the total discharge during the specified cycle,
Almost the same good results were obtained. In addition, almost the same good results were obtained when the prescribed cycle reached an integral multiple of 5 to 30.

In addition, in the above-described embodiment, as a charging condition in each step, a test result at a constant current (constant current) is shown, but a method of charging with a constant power (constant power) is used. In this case, almost the same good results were obtained.

[0048]

As described above, when the present invention is used, the life of the control valve type lead-acid battery can be prolonged, and the battery can be charged in a short time, which is excellent.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a charging method according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a charging method according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a charging method of Comparative Example 1.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a charging method of Comparative Example 2.

FIG. 5 is an example of a charging curve using the charging method of the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is an example of a charging curve using the charging method of Comparative Example 1.

FIG. 7 is an example of a charging curve using the charging method of Comparative Example 2.

Claims (4)

[Claims] After measuring a discharge amount, the battery is charged with a constant current value or a constant power value until a set voltage is reached, and after reaching the set voltage, a current value smaller than the current value or the power value Or a method of charging a control valve type lead-acid battery that repeats a step of charging until reaching a set voltage at a power value and then performs a cycle of constant voltage charging, wherein the discharge amount is 1
A charging method for a control valve type lead-acid battery, wherein the battery is charged from 02 to 105%. 2. After measuring the amount of discharge, the battery is charged at a constant current value or a constant power value until a set voltage is reached, and after reaching the set voltage, a current value smaller than the current value or the power value Or a method of charging a control valve type lead-acid battery that repeats a step of charging until reaching a set voltage at a power value and then performs a cycle of constant voltage charging, wherein the discharge amount is 1
A control valve type lead-acid battery characterized by charging 100 to 102% and supplementarily charging 1 to 3% of the total discharge amount during the specified cycle when the cycle reaches an integral multiple of a specified cycle. Charging method. 3. The charging method for a control valve type lead-acid battery according to claim 2, wherein the prescribed cycle is 5 to 30 cycles. 4. The charging method for a control valve type lead-acid battery according to claim 1, wherein the set voltage is 2.3 to 2.5 V / cell.