JP2002159946A - Anaerobic fermentation tank, anaerobic fermentation system and anaerobic fermentation method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an anaerobic fermentation tank with which anaerobic fermentation gas dispersing no unpleasant odor in a surrounding environment can be obtained at a low treating cost and to provide an anaerobic fermentation system provided with the anaerobic fermentation tank and an anaerobic fermentation method. SOLUTION: The anaerobic fermentation tank 1 of a horizontal type in which anaerobic fermentation treatment can be executed by being hermetically sealed is provided with a fixed bed 4 which is inserted inside the fermentation tank 1 and can hold anaerobic bacteria and is capable of being connected with a feed pump 7 for feeding a material to be treated A from an entrance side to an exit 6 side in the fermentation tank 1. Further, the anaerobic fermentation system provided with the anaerobic fermentation tank and the anaerobic fermentation method are also provided.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to an anaerobic fermenter, an anaerobic fermentation system, and an anaerobic fermentation method. More specifically, the present invention relates to an anaerobic fermenter capable of treating garbage and the like at a low cost, an anaerobic fermentation system provided with the anaerobic fermenter, and an anaerobic fermenter. It relates to a fermentation method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a system for treating garbage, feces, sludge, and the like, a so-called microbial utilization technology utilizing bacteria has been used. A method for obtaining compost (compost) by fermentation of microorganisms, generated methane, etc. There is a system using the same gas as fuel. These include aerobic fermentation in which treatment is performed in the presence of molecular oxygen, and anaerobic fermentation that does not require molecular oxygen, and the former has been often employed because of its high processing speed.

[0003] However, when aerobic compost is obtained by aerobic fermentation, oxygen must be supplied constantly, and there is a problem that odors are scattered at the time of blowing, which is not environmentally preferable and demands for improvement are strong.

On the other hand, the anaerobic fermentation gas obtained by processing in a closed system does not have such a problem, and the digestion residue hardly emits an odor. I have.

[0005]

However, the conventional anaerobic fermentation gas recovery system requires a finely crushed auxiliary material (pruned branches, paper, etc.) in order to propagate the anaerobic bacteria in the tank. For example, the pretreatment and the fermentation treatment required a considerable processing cost. Moreover,
Until now, a vertical fermenter was used, so that when processing, a considerable amount of power cost was required for moving the contents in the vertical direction or stirring, and to reduce the viscosity of the object to be treated, And replenish 10
%. In this case, the amount of wastewater to be treated is increased, the size of the drainage equipment is increased, and the treatment cost of the wastewater treatment is not small.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an anaerobic fermentation tank capable of obtaining an anaerobic fermentation gas which does not disperse an unpleasant odor to the surrounding environment at a low processing cost, an anaerobic fermentation system provided with the anaerobic fermentation tank, and an anaerobic fermentation method. Is to provide.

[0007]

The above object is achieved by the invention described in each claim. That is, the characteristic configuration of the anaerobic fermentation tank according to the present invention is a horizontal fermentation tank capable of performing anaerobic fermentation treatment in a sealed manner, including a fixed bed capable of holding anaerobic bacteria by being inserted inside the fermentation tank, The present invention is characterized in that it can be connected to a feeding means for feeding an object to be processed from an inlet side to an outlet side in the fermenter.

According to this structure, it is not necessary to use a secondary material requiring a complicated pretreatment as in the prior art every time the treatment is performed, so that the processing cost can be reduced.
Moreover, by culturing the anaerobic bacteria on the fixed bed, the processing capacity can be maintained sufficiently high, and the anaerobic fermentation gas can be obtained at low cost. In addition, since the object to be processed is extruded in the horizontal direction in the tank, a powerful and low-energy hydraulic extruder can be used, so there is almost no need to dilute the object to be processed. No wastewater treatment equipment is required, and wastewater treatment costs can be kept low.

It is preferable that the fermenter is provided with a stirring mechanism capable of agitating the thrown object at a slow speed and a heating means capable of promoting the propagation of anaerobic bacteria.

According to this structure, the decomposition treatment by the anaerobic bacterium can be performed with higher efficiency, and the viscosity of the object to be treated can be reduced by the heating means to improve the fluidity, which is convenient. As a stirring mechanism, a method of disposing a stirring rod or the like in an anaerobic fermenter and slowly rotating the stirring rod can be adopted. Further, as the heating means, a temperature-controllable jacket may be provided outside or inside the anaerobic fermenter, a heater wire may be provided, or various types of heating means may be employed. In the case of anaerobic bacteria, heating is 5
About 0 to 60 ° C. is preferable.

Further, the anaerobic fermentation system according to the present invention is characterized in that the anaerobic fermenter according to claim 1 or 2, an input means for inputting an object to the anaerobic fermenter, Feeding means for feeding from the inlet side to the outlet side in the anaerobic fermentation tank, a storage tank for storing biogas discharged from the fermented processed object, and taking out biogas from this storage tank And a recovery means for discharging the anaerobic fermented object.

According to this configuration, an anaerobic fermentation gas which does not disperse an unpleasant odor to the surrounding environment can be obtained at a low processing cost, and an anaerobic fermentation gas in which biogas generated by the fermentation treatment can be effectively used as a fuel or the like. A system can be provided.

Furthermore, a characteristic configuration of the anaerobic fermentation method according to the present invention is that an anaerobic bacterium is charged into the anaerobic fermenter according to claim 1 or 2, and the anaerobic bacterium is cultured on a fixed bed, and The anaerobic fermentation tank is charged into the anaerobic fermenter, and the anaerobic fermentation is performed while extruding the charged object.

According to this configuration, it is not necessary to use the auxiliary material requiring the pretreatment every time the treatment is performed, so that the treatment cost can be reduced and the anaerobic bacterium is cultured on the fixed bed. It is possible to provide an anaerobic fermentation method capable of maintaining a sufficiently high capacity and inexpensively obtaining an anaerobic fermentation gas. The anaerobic bacteria may be introduced into the anaerobic fermenter only by introducing sludge containing anaerobic bacteria, and it is not always necessary to introduce only anaerobic bacteria.

In the anaerobic fermentation of the object to be treated in the anaerobic fermenter, the inside of the anaerobic fermenter is heated and the object is stirred at a slow speed so as to promote the propagation of anaerobic bacteria. preferable.

According to this configuration, the decomposition treatment by the anaerobic bacteria can be performed with higher efficiency, which is convenient.

[0017]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an anaerobic fermenter 1 according to the present embodiment and an object storage hopper 8 connected thereto.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic overall configuration of an anaerobic fermentation system including a processing object feeding unit 7 and the like.

The object A to be treated, such as garbage, sludge, animal dung,
Once collected in the hopper 8, a predetermined amount of the object to be treated A is put into the mixing chamber 9, and is sufficiently mixed therein. next,
The valve 12 connected to the mixing chamber 9 is opened, and the valve 13 on the inlet side of the anaerobic fermenter 1 is closed. When the appropriate hydraulic plug 7a is pulled to a suction state, the mixed object A is fed toward the inlet side of the anaerobic fermenter 1. Thereafter, when the valve 12 is closed and the valve 13 is opened, and the plug 7a of the feed pump 7 is moved in the direction in which the feed pump 7 is pushed in the reverse direction, the object A is gradually pushed out toward the inlet of the anaerobic fermenter 1. It is.

The object A introduced from the opening 5 on the inlet side of the anaerobic fermenter 1 slowly passes through the fixed bed 4 in the anaerobic fermenter 1 by the pressing operation of the plug 7a of the feed pump 7. And it is pushed toward exit 6.

The anaerobic fermenter 1 has a sealed horizontal cylindrical shape and includes therein a stirring mechanism including a plurality of stirring rods 3 rotatable around an axis 2. A fixed floor 4 arranged in the circumferential direction is provided.
Then, the treated object A is disposed on the rear end side of the anaerobic fermenter 1.
An outlet 6 for discharging water is formed, and a discharge return pump 15 having a function similar to that of the supply pump 7 and having a hydraulic plug 15a therein is connected downstream of the outlet 6. The processed object is discharged.

Fixed bed 4 arranged in anaerobic fermenter 1
The structure is not particularly limited, but is preferably, for example, in a honeycomb shape so that an anaerobic bacterium can be attached and easily propagated. Furthermore, anaerobic fermenter 1
For example, a warm water jacket 10 capable of heating the inside of the tank to 50 to 60 ° C. is circumferentially arranged on the outer periphery of the container so that anaerobic bacteria can easily propagate. Although not shown, a predetermined amount of water heated to a predetermined temperature controlled by a water storage tank can be circulated in the warm water jacket.

At the inlet side of the anaerobic fermenter 1, a heat exchanger E for holding the object A at a predetermined temperature is provided, and while maintaining the object A at a temperature suitable for anaerobic fermentation, The anaerobic fermenter 1 is introduced. Although this heat exchanger E is not always necessary, the anaerobic fermenter 1
It is preferable to keep the object at a predetermined temperature before introducing the object into the anaerobic fermenter 1 because the anaerobic bacteria in the anaerobic fermenter 1 can be further activated.

At the upper part of the outlet side of the anaerobic fermentation tank 1, there is provided a discharge port 11 for taking out biogas such as methane generated in the tank, so as to be supplied to a biogas storage tank (not shown). Has become. The biogas generated in this way is used for various fuels such as for power generation. Of course, it can also be used as fuel to create hot water to be sent to the hot water jacket.

The treated object discharged from the outlet 6 of the anaerobic fermenter 1 by the suction of the discharge return pump 15 and the subsequent extruding operation passes through the dehydrator 14 and is a recovery tank (not shown) as a recovery means. And stored as fertilizer.

A part of the processed object A may be introduced again into the anaerobic fermenter 1. Since a large number of anaerobic bacteria are propagated and contained in the treated object A, the anaerobic fermentation can be efficiently performed by introducing the anaerobic bacteria into the anaerobic fermenter 1. This is because it is convenient. Reference numerals 16, 17, and 18 denote valves capable of controlling the discharge amount of the processed workpiece.

[0026]

EXAMPLE Sludge was previously poured into a cylindrical horizontal fermentation tank having a length of 18 m and a diameter of 3 m to a depth of about 1/4 in the tank, and the mixture was stirred. After the bacterium was cultured on the fixed bed, a predetermined amount of garbage was introduced from the inlet side. Thereafter, the object was processed by pushing in the object with a plug while stirring. Stirring is performed with a stirring rod for about 6 minutes /
It was rotated at a slow speed of about once. In this case, the inside of the fermenter is heated to about 55 ° C. by a warm water jacket provided on the outer periphery of the fermenter.
Heated. In this way, about 3 t / day processing could be performed. No organic odor was found in these composts. Biogas is about 300 m ³ (Norma
l) / day.

[Another Embodiment] (1) The shape of the anaerobic fermenter is not limited to a cylindrical shape, but may be a semi-cylindrical shape (substantially kamaboko shape).

(2) In addition to raw garbage, objects to be treated include various animal dung such as chicken dung and cow dung, sludge generated at water purification plants and sewage treatment plants, industrial wastewater treatment sludge, landfill wastewater treatment sludge, and human waste treatment. Dirty mud containing relatively high water content, such as sludge, can be included.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of an anaerobic fermentation system according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fermenter 3 Stirring mechanism 4 Fixed bed 7 Processing object feeding means 10 Heating means A Processing object

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Shizuo Kataoka 2-33, Kinrakuji-cho, Amagasaki-shi, Hyogo F-term in Takuma Co., Ltd. (Reference) 4D004 AA02 AA03 BA03 BA04 CA15 CA18 CA22 CA48 CB04 CB28 CB31 CB42 CB43 CC08 DA02 DA06 DA13 4D059 AA01 AA03 AA07 BA17 BA41 BA48 BA56 BJ03 CB11 CC01 EB06 EB16

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A horizontal fermenter capable of performing anaerobic fermentation treatment in a hermetically sealed manner, comprising a fixed bed inserted into the fermenter and capable of holding anaerobic bacteria. An anaerobic fermenter that can be connected to a feeding means that feeds the object toward the side. 2. The anaerobic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the fermenter is provided with a stirring mechanism capable of stirring the thrown object at a slow speed and a heating means capable of promoting the propagation of anaerobic bacteria. Fermenter. 3. An anaerobic fermenter according to claim 1 or 2, an input means for inputting an object to be processed into the anaerobic fermenter, and the input object being supplied from the inlet side to the outlet side in the anaerobic fermenter. Feeding means for feeding toward the target, a storage tank for storing biogas discharged from the fermented processing target, a device for extracting and burning the biogas from the storage tank, and an anaerobic fermented processing target. An anaerobic fermentation system comprising: a collection unit that discharges a substance. 4. An anaerobic bacterium is charged into the anaerobic fermenter according to claim 1 or 2, and the anaerobic bacterium is cultured on a fixed bed. Anaerobic fermentation method for anaerobic fermentation while extruding processed material. 5. When anaerobic fermentation of an object in the anaerobic fermenter is performed, the anaerobic fermenter is heated and the object is stirred at a slow speed so as to promote the growth of anaerobic bacteria. An anaerobic fermentation method according to claim 4.