JP2002151137A - Electrolyte for lead-acid battery - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve problems that sulfate is produced in an electrolyte containing sulfuric acid as the main component when charging/discharging cycles are repeated, resulting in drop in electromotive force, drop in performance, and short life, and dispersion in electromotive force is produced by temperature change, causing the start failure of an engine in use in the coldest season or in a cold district. SOLUTION: Without using sulfuric acid as the main component of the electrolyte, an electrolyte containing a composition of a light metal sulfate, which is an environment-friendly, weakly acidic electrolyte, as the main component, and also containing small amounts of ammonium borofluoride and nicotine amide mixed in pure water is used.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electrolyte for an industrial and consumer lead storage battery.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The electrolyte of a lead-acid battery using lead as the main electrode material and sulfuric acid aqueous solution as the electrolyte is composed of 60.8% of distilled water and 39.2% of sulfuric acid, and has a specific gravity of 20 ° C. when fully charged.
Is 1.280, and the lead storage battery has an electric capacity of 105% in energy density when the electrolyte is charged, and has a life of about 1.8 years.

[0003]

As the number of charge / discharge cycles increases, sulfate is generated by the chemical reaction between lead and sulfuric acid, so that the electromotive force is reduced and the internal resistance of the electrolyte is reduced during charge / discharge cycles. This leads to a decrease in the performance and life of the lead-acid battery, and a variation in the electromotive force due to a change in temperature. At a temperature of about 25 ° C., the chemical reaction proceeds actively and the discharge is good. Each time the temperature drops by -1 ° C, the chemical reaction slows down, the electromotive force drops by 1 ampere, and the electric capacity of the lead storage battery also decreases. Electrolyte batteries have problems such as poor engine starting of automobiles in severe winters and cold regions. In addition, when performing rapid charging, rapid charging cannot be performed in a short time because the temperature of the electrolytic solution rapidly rises to 15 to 60 ° C.

[0004] The present invention provides a lead-acid battery which is safe to handle without toxicity and corrosiveness by making the electrolyte weakly acidic, has a high performance in which electromotive force does not decrease in a severe winter or in a cold region, and provides rapid charging. The purpose is to make it possible.

[0005]

According to the present invention, there is provided a lead storage battery comprising a composition of a light metal salt of sulfuric acid which is an environment-friendly weakly acidic electrolyte without using sulfuric acid as a main component of the electrolyte. As components, a small amount of ammonium borofluoride and nicotine amide were dissolved in water.

[0006]

EXAMPLE A water tank made of a stainless steel material or coated with a PVC material, a stirring tank having a stirrer, a sedimentation tank having a filter, and a storage tank are connected in series, and the pressure is adjusted to 1000 liters of pure water under normal temperature and normal pressure. 100 to 115 g of aluminum sulfate, 200 to 230 g of magnesium sulfate, 1 to 2 g of ammonium borofluoride, and 1 to 2 g of nicotine amide are weighed, mixed and stirred, and sequentially stored in a storage tank via a stirring tank and a precipitation tank.

[0007] The specific gravity of the electrolyte thus produced was maintained at 1.150, p 電位 2.5, and the potential was 1.8 V.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS As shown in Tables 1 and 2, when the electrolytic solution according to the present invention is replaced with the waste liquid of a lead storage battery, the electric capacity at the energy density of 105% at the time of supplying the electrolytic solution is improved by 25 to 95%. The service life of the lead-acid battery has been extended to 4.0 to 4.5 years, which is about three times as long as that using the conventional electrolyte.

[0009]

EXAMPLE When the electrolyte according to the present invention was rapidly charged in 60 minutes, the temperature of the solution only increased by 15 to 35 ° C. as shown in Table 3, and was rapidly charged in an extremely short time as compared with the conventional electrolyte. Has become possible. That is, in the case of using the conventional electrolyte, when the polarity change of the cathode plate progresses by 80% or more, the voltage is changed from the positive voltage to the negative voltage. The battery was quickly charged in a time that was reduced to about one third of that of the conventional product.

[0010]

According to the present invention, the electrolyte is maintained at a weak acidity of pН2.5, there is no toxicity and no corrosiveness, the handling is safe, and the potential is maintained at 1.8V, so that a stable power supply can be performed. The cycle life of charging and discharging is about three times that of the conventional product. 50 intense from minus 45 degrees Celsius in severe winter or cold region
Even under a temperature change between ℃, the chemical reaction proceeded smoothly, so that the electromotive force did not decrease and the performance of the lead storage battery was greatly improved. It was able to charge quickly about three times faster than conventional products.

[0011]

[Table 1]

[0012]

[Table 2]

[0013]

[Table 3]

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) 10.0 to 11.5 parts by weight of aluminum sulfate;
0 to 23.0 parts by weight, ammonium borofluoride 0.10
-0.20 parts by weight and nicotine amide 0.10-0.
An electrolytic solution for a lead storage battery comprising a composition in which 20 parts by weight are mixed.