JP2002146932A - Outside heat insulating termite prevention structure of building and its building - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an outside heat insulating termite prevention structure of a building and its building capable of surely making air-tightness/heat insulation between an external wall and the circumferential foundation and, at the same time, preventing termite. SOLUTION: For an outside heat insulating material/double vent structure of the building A including the outside heat insulating material 1 projected to a framework B of the building A and the outside of a roof truss, an outside vent layer 2 formed in the outside of the outside heat insulating material 1 and an inside vent layer 3 formed between an interior substrate material (inside covered material) 17 surrounding around a room E, an outside 5a of a foundation heat insulating material 5 adhered to an outside 4a of a mat foundation (circumferential foundation) 4 and an upper surface 5c are coated with a mesh sheet 6 constituted of a corrosion resisting material having resistance against a secretion of termite 22 and, at the same time, an air-tight material 7 is provided between a holding material 7 placed upward of the foundation heat insulating material 5 or the outside heat insulating material 1 and the mesh sheet 6.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an outer heat insulating material provided outside a frame and a hut of a building, and termites passing through the inside of the basic heat insulating material to enter the frame and the floor. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an outside heat-insulating termite structure of a building and a building for physically preventing the fire.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional technique of this kind, for example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-192475, a basic heat insulating material closely adhered to the outer surface of a cloth foundation constructed on the outer periphery of a building is disclosed. There is known an external heat insulating structure of a building in which an airtight packing and urethane foam are interposed between a base material and a receiving material disposed above the basic heat insulating material.

[0003]

However, in the above-mentioned external heat insulating structure, there is no disclosure about a technique for preventing termites from passing through the inside of the basic heat insulating material.

[0004] The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and it is possible to ensure airtightness and heat insulation between an outer wall and an outer peripheral foundation, and to provide an external heat-insulating termite for a building capable of preventing termites. The purpose is to provide the structure and its buildings.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, an external heat-insulating and termite-preventing structure according to the first aspect of the present invention comprises an external heat insulating material stretched outside a building frame and a cabin, and the external heat insulating material. Outer ventilation / double ventilation structure of a building, comprising: an outer ventilation layer formed outside of the building; and an inner ventilation layer formed between an inner covering material surrounding the periphery of the room and the outer heat insulating material. The outer surface and the upper surface of the base insulating material closely adhered to the outer surface of the base were covered with a mesh sheet composed of a corrosion-resistant material resistant to termite secretions, and disposed above the base insulating material. An airtight material is interposed between the receiving material or the external heat insulating material and the mesh sheet.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, a coating material containing cement and fine aggregate is applied to the mesh sheet.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the outer heat insulating termite structure comprises an inner end of the mesh sheet attached to the outer peripheral foundation.

In a preferred embodiment, the lower end of the mesh sheet is attached to the outer peripheral foundation.

In a preferred embodiment, the lower end of the mesh sheet is provided at the lower end of the outer surface of the outer peripheral foundation so as to extend in the circumferential direction at a thickness substantially equal to the thickness of the basic thermal insulation. It is attached to the outer surface of the projection.

[0010] In the outer heat-insulating termite structure according to claim 6, the outer peripheral foundation is a solid foundation.

According to another aspect of the present invention, at least one underfloor ventilation port is provided on the outer peripheral foundation.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an external heat-insulating termite structure including a communication passage connecting the space behind the hut and the outdoor space.

Further, the building according to claim 9 is a building according to claims 1 to 8
The heat insulating termite-proof structure according to any one of the above.

[0014]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the external heat-insulating termite structure of the building A according to this embodiment includes, for example, an external heat-insulating material 1, an outer ventilation layer 2, and an inner ventilation layer 3. In the double ventilation structure, the outer surface 5 of the basic heat insulating material 5 which is in close contact with the outer surface 4a of the solid foundation (outer peripheral foundation) 4
a and the upper surface 5c are covered with a mesh sheet 6,
An airtight material 8 is interposed between a receiving material 7 and a mesh sheet 6 disposed above the basic heat insulating material 5.

The outer heat insulating material 1 is made of, for example, a rectangular plate-like synthetic resin foam or the like, and is stretched outside the frame set B and the hut set (not shown) of the building A. Outside the outer heat insulating material 1, a ventilation board 9 is stretched as required.

The outer ventilation layer 2 includes a ventilation board 9 and a receiving member 7.
And the like, and are formed between the vertical body edges 10 fixed in parallel with each other at intervals on the outside and between the ventilation body edges 11.
An exterior material 12 is attached to the outside of the vertical body edge 10, and a roof material 13 is attached to the outside of the ventilation body edge 11. Note that the lower end and the ridge of the outer ventilation layer 2 may be communicated with the outdoor space D as in this embodiment. In the ridge portion of the outer ventilation layer 2, a ridge ventilation port 14 may be provided, and a gap may be opened above the ridge ventilation port 14 to support the ridge envelope 15 and the like.

The inner ventilation layer 3 is formed between the columns 16, between the columns (not shown), and between the columns 16 and the columns. An interior material (inner covering material) 18 is stretched inside the pillar 16 and the stud, for example, via an interior base material (inner covering material) 17. That is, the periphery of each room E is surrounded by the interior base material 17 and the like. The lower and upper ends of the inner ventilation layer 3 are
What is necessary is just to communicate with the underfloor space F and the back space G, respectively. It is desirable to form a partition ventilation layer 19 and the like between the interior base materials 17 of the adjacent rooms E.

The solid foundation 4 comprises an outer peripheral rising portion 20 constructed on the outer peripheral portion of the building A and a foundation slab 21 thereunder.
The basic heat insulating material 5 is in close contact with the outer side surface 4a.

The basic heat insulating material 5 is formed of a rectangular plate-like synthetic resin foam or the like, like the external heat insulating material 1, and closely adheres to the outer surface 4a of the solid base 4 in a laterally adjacent manner. The outer side surface 5a and the upper surface 5c of the basic heat insulating material 5 are covered with a mesh sheet 6. The basic heat insulating material 5 may be adhered to the solid foundation 4 with an adhesive or the like, or may be adhered to the concrete when the solid foundation 4 is cast. When the basic heat insulating material 5 is brought into close contact with the solid foundation 4 by casting, the close contact between the basic heat insulating material 5 and the concrete is sufficient, which is more preferable in terms of heat insulation and termite resistance.

The mesh sheet 6 is made of, for example, a stainless steel wire 23 which is a corrosion-resistant material having a Shore hardness of at least about 70 as shown in FIG. It has a plurality of meshes 24 that are woven and have a dimension that is three times or less the maximum dimension H in the cross section of the head 22 a of the termite 22. As such a mesh sheet 6, for example, “TERMI-MESH” (trade name, manufactured by Termimish Australia) can be preferably used.

The receiving member 7 is horizontally fixed to, for example, a lower end of an outer surface 26a of a base 26 placed on the solid foundation 4 via a spacer 25 such as an airtight packing material. Above the receiving member 7, the outer heat insulating material 1 and the ventilation board 9 are stretched.

The hermetic material 8 is, for example, a hermetic tape or a hermetic packing material having an adhesive layer on one or both sides of a tape or sheet of a butyl rubber-based or asphalt-based tape or a synthetic resin foam such as a vinyl chloride-based resin or an olefin-based resin. Air-tight foam tape or air-tight foam packing material having an adhesive layer on one or both sides of a foam tape or foam sheet made of a foam laminated tape or foam laminated sheet obtained by laminating the tape or sheet and the foam tape or foam sheet or In-situ foam insulation such as airtight foamed laminated tape, airtight foamed laminated packing material, sprayed urethane foam, etc.
It is composed of a sealing material such as polysulfide, silicone, modified silicone, polyurethane, epoxy, butyl rubber, acrylic, SBR (styrene butadiene rubber), etc. ing.

Here, termites 22 are imperfectly metamorphosed insects that live close to cockroaches and are a general term for the termite (Isoptera) Isoptera. This termite 2
5, as shown in FIG. 5, has a non-deformable rigid head 22a, while having a relatively soft and weak body 22b. Examples of such termites 22 include various termites such as Yamato termite and house termite.

The mesh sheet 6 is made of, for example, nails, screws,
It is attached to the basic heat insulating material 5 in advance by fastening with a fastening member such as staples, bonding with an adhesive or adhesive cement, or heat fusion, or is attached at the building site of the building A. When the fastening member is used, the fastening member may be made of, for example, copper, zinc, brass, or the like, or may contain these to exert a termite repellent effect.

The mesh sheet used as the termite barrier material has a hardness that is resistant to secretions such as formic acid released from the termites 22 and that the termites 22 cannot chew, preferably a Shore hardness of at least about 70. And various materials can be used as long as they are made of a corrosion-resistant material having a service life of several tens of years under the use environment. Examples of the mesh sheet 6 include a wire lath or a nonwoven fabric woven or knitted from fibers, filaments, strands, or the like of ceramics, glass, synthetic resin, metal (particularly, stainless steel), or a punched metal, metal lath, or the like. And the like. In short, various types having a plurality of anchor holes such as the mesh 24 can be used. As the product shape of the mesh sheet 6, a large number of sheet-like products may be used. However, in consideration of workability or productivity, it is preferable to use a roll-shaped continuous product.

As described above, since the mesh sheet has the plurality of anchor holes such as the mesh 24, it can be more firmly integrated by the anchor effect when it is bonded or thermally fused to the basic heat insulating material 5 or the like. The dimension of the anchor hole is the maximum dimension H
When the length is not more than twice, the size is such that the head 22a of the termite 22 does not pass through or the soft body part 22b or the like contacts the anchor hole even if the head 22a passes, and the termite 22 dislikes it So mesh sheet 6
Can be reliably prevented from passing through.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the airtight material 8 is interposed between the receiving material 7 and the mesh sheet 6, so that the airtight material 8 comes into close contact with the receiving material 7 and the mesh sheet 6. There is an advantage that no gap is formed, so that airtightness and heat insulation between the outer wall and the solid foundation 4 can be ensured. Furthermore, since the basic heat insulating material 5 can be protected from damage by the termites 22 by the mesh sheet 6, it is possible to prevent the termites 22 from passing through the inside of the basic heat insulating material 5 and entering the upper frame B or floor set C. There are advantages. In addition, since the outer ventilation layer 2 and the inner ventilation layer 3 having a heat insulating function are formed inside and outside of the outer heat insulating material 1, there is an advantage that heat retention is excellent and dew condensation can be prevented. In addition, if the lower end of the inner ventilation layer 3 is communicated with the underfloor space F, cool or warm air in the underfloor space F can be introduced, so that the cost of cooling and heating each room E can be reduced.

Here, if a coating material is applied to the mesh sheet 6 by bonding the mesh sheet 6 with an adhesive cement or the like, the surface of the mesh sheet 6 can be reliably flattened. Has the advantage that gaps are less likely to be formed. In this embodiment, at least one layer of the exterior finish coating material 27 is applied to the portion of the mesh sheet 6 that covers the outer side surface 5a of the basic heat insulating material 5, and the like. Sheet 6
The same applies to the case where the coating is applied to a portion or the like covering the upper surface 5c of the basic heat insulating material 5 in.

The coating material contains at least cement and fine aggregate, and is applied in a state where predetermined amounts of water, additives and the like are mixed and kneaded. As such a coating material, in addition to mortar, for example, a cement mixture composed of cement and fine aggregate such as sand, for example, styrene butadiene rubber (SBR)
Cement cement to which a cement adhesive based on a synthetic polymer such as polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) or the like is added,
Alternatively, a mixture of polymer cement and fine aggregate having a lower cement content than the adhesive cement may be used. When the coating material contains a polymer such as a cement adhesive, the strength, crack resistance, adhesiveness, watertightness, abrasion resistance and the like of the coating material are preferably improved. In this case, the cement mixture desirably has a high cement content of about 1 part of cement to 2 to 3 parts of fine aggregate.

Examples of the cement include various conventionally known cements. Examples of the fine aggregate include, in addition to sand, glass particles, short glass fibers, glass whiskers, and the like. The cement connects the mesh sheet 6 and the fine aggregate, and provides adhesiveness to the basic heat insulating material 5 and concrete.

If necessary, a termite repellent can be added to the coating material.
2, the possibility of being broken can be further reduced. As such a termite repellent, for example,
Zinc and copper, or a zinc compound and a copper compound are exemplified.

As the fine aggregate, one having a size that can pass through an anchor hole such as the mesh 24 is preferable, but one that is too fine is not suitable. This is to prevent the passage of the termites 22 by making the distance between the fine aggregates or between the fine aggregate and the mesh sheet 6 substantially less than twice the maximum dimension H. The blending amount of the fine aggregate is not particularly limited, and a sufficient amount may be blended according to the size so that the coating material is not broken by the termites 22.

Further, if appropriate fibers are added to the coating material as required, the surface strength can be improved, and the occurrence of cracks can be prevented or reduced. Further, even when a crack occurs, the termite 22 does not enter the crack because the width of the crack is very small. Such fibers include, for example, glass fibers, ceramic fibers,
Examples thereof include inorganic fibers such as metal fibers, and synthetic fibers such as nylon fibers, Saran fibers, vinylon fibers, and viscose fibers. Various fibers can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Of these, when polypropylene fibers are used, workability during kneading and application of the coating material is good, and the material cost can be reduced.

The size of the fiber is not particularly limited, but a slightly flat shape having a length of 2 to 30 mm, a width of 0.1 to 2 mm, and a thickness of 20 to 60 μm is suitable for construction work. Also, the finish performance is good. The amount of the fiber is preferably 5 parts by weight or less based on 100 parts by weight of cement and fine aggregate.

Here, when using the mesh sheet 6 having a plurality of anchor holes having a size of three times or less of the maximum size H as in this embodiment, fine aggregates to be mixed with the coating material are used. Alternatively, the distance between the fine aggregate and the mesh sheet 6 becomes substantially twice or less the maximum dimension H, and the termites 22
Cannot pass through, so that the termites 22 can be prevented from entering the inside of the basic heat insulating material 5 also in this case. If the dimension of the anchor hole exceeds three times the maximum dimension H, it is not preferable because the termites 22 may pass through.

Also, if the inner end 6b and the lower end 6d of the mesh sheet 6 are formed slightly longer and attached to the solid foundation 4 by bonding or the like, no gap is formed between the mesh sheet 6 and the solid foundation 4. Therefore, there is an advantage that intrusion of the termites 22 into the inside of the basic heat insulating material 5 can be surely prevented.
If the inner end 6b of the mesh sheet 6 is buried in the leveling mortar 28 to be installed on the top end surface 20c of the outer peripheral rising portion 20 as in this embodiment, the attachment can be surely performed and the fitting can be achieved. Good.

Further, the lower end 6d of the mesh sheet 6 is attached to the lower end of the outer surface 4a of the solid foundation 4 by a protruding portion 29 provided so as to extend in the circumferential direction at substantially the same thickness as the thickness of the basic heat insulating material 5.
If the mesh sheet 6 is attached to the outside surface 29a by bonding or the like, the mesh sheet 6 can be attached flat without being bent.
There is an advantage that it is easy to construct.

In addition, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 6, if at least one underfloor ventilation port 30 is provided in the solid foundation 4, outside air can be introduced, so that the underfloor space F and the inner ventilation layer 3 can be introduced.
There is an advantage that humidity such as can be reduced. in this case,
It is desirable that the underfloor ventilation port 30 be provided with an underfloor damper 32 and the like that can be freely rotated and opened by an appropriate attachment member 31 or the like. Further, it is desirable that the underfloor damper 32 is made of a synthetic resin foam or the like so as to achieve heat insulation in a closed state. The underfloor ventilation holes 30 in the base heat insulating material 5 and the mesh sheet 6 may be cut out in a predetermined range according to the shape of the underfloor ventilation holes 30, but the inner end 6b of the mesh sheet 6 may be slightly longer. In this case, it is preferable to protect the basic heat insulating material 5 by attaching it to the underfloor ventilation port 30.

Further, if a communication passage connecting the back space G and the outdoor space D is provided, the air staying in the back space G can be exhausted to the outdoor space D, and natural ventilation and forced ventilation can be performed. There is an advantage. An example of such a communication path is an exhaust device 33 shown in FIG. In the exhaust device 33, the intake port 33 a has a space G
And the exhaust port 33b opens to the outdoor space D. An exhaust fan 34 is provided inside the exhaust device 33.
And an exhaust damper 35 that is rotatable and openable.

As the communication path, such an exhaust device 33 is used.
However, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be, for example, a backdoor ventilation port 36 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 7. The hut back ventilation opening 36 is formed, for example, by fixing the frame 37 through the outer heat insulating material 1 and the outer ventilation layer 2.
A backside damper 39 which is rotatable and openable is attached to the frame 37 by an appropriate attachment member 38.

It is desirable to attach an outside gusset 40 for preventing rainwater from being blown outside the attachment member 38. In addition, the above-mentioned exhaust damper 35 and the roof back damper 3
9 is desirably made of a synthetic resin foam or the like to achieve heat insulation in a closed state. Further, examples of the communication path include a communication pipe, a communication duct, a skylight, and the like, in addition to the exhaust device 33 and the backside ventilation port 36.

In the above, the case where the receiving member 7 is provided has been described in this embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to this. As shown in FIG. Alternatively, the external heat insulating material 1 or the like may be provided. In addition, the outer peripheral foundation may be, for example, a cloth foundation or an underfloor space F.
May be used. However, in the case of the solid foundation 4 as in this embodiment, the invasion of the termites 22 from the inside of the outer peripheral foundation can be prevented, and the cool air or warm air of the underfloor space F can be prevented. It has the advantage of being available.

[0043]

As described above, according to the first and ninth aspects of the present invention, the airtight material is interposed between the receiving material or the outer heat insulating material and the mesh sheet. A gap is not formed in close contact with the mesh sheet, so that airtightness and heat insulation between the outer wall and the outer peripheral foundation can be ensured. Also,
Since the basic heat insulating material can be protected from damage by termites by the mesh sheet, it is possible to prevent the termites from passing through the inside of the basic heat insulating material and invading the upper frame and floor. Furthermore, since the outer ventilation layer and the inner ventilation layer having a heat insulating function are formed inside and outside the outer heat insulating material, the heat insulating property is excellent,
The occurrence of dew can be prevented. In addition, if the lower end of the inner ventilation layer communicates with the underfloor space, cool or warm air in the underfloor space can be introduced, so that the cooling and heating costs of each room can be reduced.

According to the second and ninth aspects of the present invention, since the coating material is applied to the mesh sheet, the surface of the mesh sheet can be reliably flattened, so that a gap is formed between the mesh sheet and the receiving material. It is hard to be done. Further, since the coating material contains cement and fine aggregate, when a mesh sheet having a plurality of anchor holes having a size of three times or less of the maximum dimension is used, the fine material mixed with the coating material is used. Since the distance between the aggregates or between the fine aggregate and the mesh sheet is substantially less than twice the maximum dimension, termites cannot pass,
Termites can be prevented from entering the interior of the basic heat insulating material.

According to the third, fourth and ninth aspects of the present invention, since the inner end and the lower end of the mesh sheet are attached to the outer peripheral foundation, no gap is formed between the mesh sheet and the outer peripheral foundation. Therefore, intrusion of termites into the interior of the basic heat insulating material can be reliably prevented.

According to the fifth and ninth aspects of the present invention, since the lower end of the mesh sheet is flatly attached to the outer surface of the projection without bending, the construction is easy.

According to the sixth and ninth aspects of the present invention, since the outer peripheral foundation is a solid foundation, intrusion of termites from inside the outer peripheral foundation can be prevented, and cold or warm air in the underfloor space can be used. .

According to the seventh and ninth aspects of the present invention, since at least one underfloor ventilation port is provided on the outer peripheral foundation, outside air can be introduced, so that the humidity of the underfloor space, the inner ventilation layer, and the like can be reduced. .

According to the eighth and ninth aspects of the present invention, the communication passage connecting the back space of the hut and the outdoor space is provided, so that the air retained in the back space of the hut can be exhausted to the outdoor space,
Therefore, natural ventilation and forced ventilation are possible.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing an external heat-insulating termite structure of a building according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of a main part of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of a main part of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged plan view of a main part of the mesh sheet.

5A is a plan view of a termite, and FIG. 5B is a sectional view taken along line YY of FIG.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic vertical cross-sectional view of a main part showing a portion of an underfloor ventilation port.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged schematic vertical cross-sectional view of a main part showing a part of a vehicular back ventilation opening.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of a main part showing an example in which a receiving material is not provided.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List A Building B Frame D Outdoor space E Room F Underfloor space G Cabin space 1 Outside heat insulation 2 Outside ventilation layer 3 Inside ventilation layer 4 Solid foundation (peripheral foundation) 4a Outside surface 5 Basic insulation 5a Outside surface 5c Top surface 6 mesh Sheet 6b Inner end 6d Lower end 7 Receiving material 8 Airtight material 17 Interior base material (inner covering material) 18 Interior material (inner covering material) 22 Termite 27 Exterior finishing coating material (coating material) 29 Projection 29a Outer side surface 30 Underfloor vent 33 Exhaust device (communication passage) 36 Ventilation port behind the hut (communication passage)

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 2E001 DB02 DH14 FA04 FA17 FA21 GA18 GA28 GA32 HA33 HA34 HB03 HD01 HD07 HE01 JA01 JB07 JD04 JD09 LA04 LA12 MA02 MA04 NA07 ND01 ND02 ND05 ND08 ND16 ND17 ND18 ND21 ND26 ND28

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. An outer heat insulating material stretched outside a frame and a hut of a building, an outer ventilation layer formed outside the outer heat insulating material, an inner covering material surrounding the room, and In the outer insulation / double ventilation structure of a building having an inner ventilation layer formed between outer insulation materials, the outer surface and the upper surface of the basic insulation material that is in close contact with the outer surface of the outer peripheral foundation are used for termite secretions. Covering with a mesh sheet made of a resistant corrosion-resistant material, and having an airtight material interposed between the receiving material or the outer heat insulating material and the mesh sheet disposed above the basic heat insulating material. Outer insulation and termite protection structure of the building. 2. The external heat-insulating termite structure of a building according to claim 1, wherein a coating material containing cement and fine aggregate is applied to the mesh sheet. 3. The external heat-insulating termite structure of a building according to claim 1, wherein an inner end of the mesh sheet is attached to the outer peripheral foundation. 4. The external heat-insulating ant structure for a building according to claim 1, wherein a lower end of the mesh sheet is attached to the outer peripheral foundation. 5. A lower end of the mesh sheet is attached to an outer surface of a protrusion provided at a lower end of an outer surface of the outer peripheral foundation so as to extend in a circumferential direction with a thickness substantially equal to a thickness of the base insulating material. The external heat-insulating termite structure of a building according to claim 4. 6. The solid foundation according to claim 1, wherein said peripheral foundation is a solid foundation.
6. The outer heat-insulating termite structure of a building according to any one of items 5 to 5. 7. The external heat-insulating termite structure for a building according to claim 1, wherein at least one underfloor ventilation port is provided on the outer peripheral foundation. 8. The external heat-insulating ant structure for a building according to claim 1, further comprising a communication passage communicating the back space of the hut and the outdoor space. 9. A building having the external heat-insulating termite structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8.