JP2002146802A - Termite prevention method for building - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a termite prevention method for a building applicable even to the existing building easily at low cost without ruining residents' health and polluting the natural environment. SOLUTION: A powderlike or fine grainlike charcoal material 9 is spreaded like a belt along a corner angle part 10 formed by a side face 1c of a foundation structural body 1 facing a space 8 under a floor and a bottom face 7a of the space 8 under the floor of a building in the corner angle part 10.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for preventing termites from damaging a structure or eliminating termites that have entered a structure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Normally, termites enter under the floor of a building through an ant path made in the soil, crawl up a foundation structure (a cloth foundation, a bundling foundation, etc.) of the building, and attach a xylem (base, base, etc.). Pillars, etc.), and damages this xylem. However, termites have a poor water retention capacity and require a significant amount of water to be active. This moisture is often obtained from soil in humid places, such as near bathrooms, kitchens, or toilets. In addition, especially house termites often nest in soil.

Therefore, even after termites begin to damage the xylem of a building, an ant path connecting the xylem to the soil is indispensable, and the basic structure interposed between the xylem and the soil is essential. In places that pass through the body, on the side of the substructure facing the underfloor space, a mud-like discharge or secretion discharged by the termites themselves forms a tunnel-like ant path, and the ant path moves back and forth. He drinks water and carries the food from the xylem to the queen in the nest. By the way, termites hate bright spots, and because the ant path breaks when exposed to the weather, the ant path is formed on the outer surface of the foundation structure (such as a cloth foundation) (that is, the surface that appears outside the building). It is rare.

Conventionally, as a method for controlling termites having the above-mentioned habit, there is a method of treating a wooden part of a building or the soil under and around the floor with a termite controlling agent such as an organic phosphorus or pyrethroid. Generally adopted. However, with this method, it has been pointed out that the toxic components of the termite control agent impregnated in the xylem and the soil vaporize and enter the indoor space of the building, thereby impairing the health of residents. . In addition, if the termiticide flows out due to the action of rainwater or groundwater, and the discharged termite control agent flows into a river or a lake, the toxicity may cause environmental pollution.

[0005] On the other hand, a method has been attempted in which charcoal powder is stored in a bag having air permeability to form a cushion-shaped mat, and many of the mats are spread under the floor of a building.
However, in this method, the effect of preventing the underfloor space from becoming humid and adsorbing harmful chemical substances contained in building materials and the like to charcoal powder and preventing residents from falling into so-called sick house syndrome can be expected. However, since an ant path can be formed in the gap between the mat and the substructure, it is difficult to prevent termites from damaging the wooden part of the building.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the termite habit and the problems of the prior art as described above, and impairs the health of residents and pollutes the natural environment. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for preventing ants in a building, which can be easily and inexpensively performed even on an existing building without fear of damage.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventor observed and investigated a number of cases in which buildings were damaged by termites in relation to the business of termite control, and found that a mat containing charcoal powder was placed under the floor as described above. In the case of a building that is laid on the ground, the ant trail is formed so as not to penetrate the mat, but to avoid the mat. As a result of various studies based on this, the present invention has been completed.

In other words, in order to achieve the above object, a method for preventing ants in a building according to the present invention is directed to a corner portion formed by a side surface of a foundation structure facing a space under the floor and a bottom surface of the space under the floor. In addition, a powdery or fine-grained carbon material is laid in a band along the corner.

Further, in the above method, the powdery or fine-grained carbonaceous material is laid in an upwardly inclined state toward the side surface of the substructure.

In the above method, an embankment having an appropriate height is provided on the bottom surface of the underfloor space at a distance from the side surface of the foundation structure, and is provided between the embankment and the side surface of the foundation structure. A powdery or fine-grained carbon material is laid.

The carbon material used in the method of the present invention is not particularly limited, and one or more carbon materials selected from charcoal, bamboo charcoal, activated carbon and the like can be used.
Among them, it is preferable to use charcoal because it is relatively inexpensive and easily available. There are two types of charcoal: black charcoal burned at a relatively low temperature and white charcoal burned at a relatively high temperature (such as Bincho charcoal).
It is particularly preferable to use white charcoal from the viewpoint that the humidity control effect of repeating moisture release is maintained for a long period of time.

[0012] The particle size (diameter) of the carbon material may be in the range of about 1 µm to 2 mm, and more preferably 5 µm to 1 m.
m. If the particle size is less than 5 μm, the particles will be scattered by a slight flow of air under the floor (for example, wind blown from a vent), and it will be difficult to maintain the desired laid state for a long period of time. On the other hand, when the particle size of the carbonaceous material exceeds 1 mm, the effect of controlling termites is slightly weakened, and even when the carbonaceous material is laid in an inclined state, the termites tend to crawl up the inclined surface.

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 3 show an embodiment of the method of the present invention. In these figures, reference numeral 1 denotes a cloth foundation (an example of a foundation structure), 2 denotes a bundle foundation (an example of a foundation structure), Reference numeral 3 denotes a base placed on the cloth base 1, reference numeral 4 denotes a pillar standing on the base 3, reference numeral 5 denotes a floor bundle standing on the bundle base 2, and reference numeral 6 denotes a base 3 and floor bundle 5. And the like, and 7 indicates soil, respectively. Cloth foundation 1
And the bundle foundation 2 is made of concrete,
The pillar 4 and the floor bundle 5 are made of wood.

As shown in FIG. 2, the fabric foundation 1 includes a footing portion 1a buried in soil 7 and a footing portion 1a.
and a rising portion 1b which rises from a and is exposed above the soil 7 to form an inverted T-shaped cross section. And
The space surrounded by the lower surface of the floor 6, the underfloor soil surface 7a, and the cloth foundation 1 erected continuously on the periphery thereof is the underfloor space 8 according to the present invention. On the other hand, FIG.
As shown in (1), the lower end portion is buried in the soil 7 and the other portion is formed in a quadrangular prism shape exposed in the underfloor space 8.

A corner 10 formed by the side surface 1c facing the underfloor space 8 of the cloth foundation 1 and the underfloor soil surface 7a (the bottom surface of the underfloor space 8) of the building constructed as described above, and
Four sides (sides facing the underfloor space 8) 2a of each bundle foundation 2
The carbonaceous material 9 is laid at a corner 11 formed by the underfloor soil surface 7a (the bottom surface of the underfloor space 8). In this embodiment, as the carbon material 9, Bincho charcoal (charcoal) has an average particle size of 1
A powder crushed into a powder of 0 μm is used, and is laid in a band shape having a width of about 3 to 10 cm along the corners 10 and 11.

When the foundation of the building is viewed as a whole, as shown in FIG.
a, in a portion surrounding the outer periphery, the cloth foundation 1 is laid over the entire periphery of the side surface 1c in contact with the underfloor soil surface 7a.
The portion 1d extending inward of the building is laid on both side surfaces and the entire extension end surface. On the other hand, regarding each bundle foundation 2, the carbonaceous material 9 is
Is laid over the entire circumference of the side surface of the bundle foundation 2 in contact with the base.

As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG.
Is a state in which the corners 10, 11 between the side surface 1c of the cloth foundation 1 and the side surface 2a of the bundle foundation 2 and the underfloor soil surface 7a are filled, and the corner portions 10, 11 extend. When viewed in a cross section in a direction perpendicular to the direction (a direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIGS. 2 and 3), the cloth foundation 1 and the bundle foundation 2 are laid in an inclined state with an upward gradient toward the side surfaces 1c and 2a of the bundle foundation 2. . Here, theoretically, the steeper the surface (inclined surface) of the laid carbon material 9 is, the more the effect of preventing the termites from climbing up increases, but the angle of repose of the powdered carbon material 9 and the In view of workability, it is actually sufficient to lay the carbonaceous material 9 such that an inclined surface having an upward slope of about 30 to 45 ° with respect to the horizontal plane is generated.

Since this embodiment is configured as described above, the following effects can be obtained. That is, when a termite makes an ant path 12 as shown by a bold line in FIG. 2 in the soil 7 under the floor and tries to crawl along the side 1c of the cloth foundation 1, the side 1c and the underfloor soil surface 7a Is blocked by the carbonaceous material 9 laid at the corner 10 and cannot crawl straight, detours along the lower surface of the carbonaceous material 9, and is located under the floor of the carbonaceous material 9 at a position inside the belt of the carbonaceous material 9. Come out on 7a.

The termites emerging on the underfloor soil surface 7a unavoidably attempt to crawl on the inclined surface formed by the carbonaceous material 9. At this time, the powdered carbonaceous material 9 collapses, so that it is as if the termites are caught. In a state similar to the situation where the ants that have fallen into the hole cannot crawl out of the hole, many of the termites cannot reach the side surface 1c of the cloth foundation 1, and eventually lose their body water and die. Also, termites that barely passed through the band of carbonaceous material 9 and reached the side 1c,
On the way, a large amount of the powdered carbonaceous material 9 adheres to the body surface, as if the body color had changed to black, and the activity was already lost. Therefore, even if the termites reach the base 3, they cannot damage the wood of the base 3, and eventually become ill and die. The reason for this is not clear, but it is likely that the carbonaceous material attached to the body surface absorbs moisture in the body of the termites, the pores on the body of the termites are blocked by the carbonaceous material, making breathing difficult, or the feet of the termites It is presumed that walking may become difficult due to the carbonaceous material attached to the surface. It goes without saying that termites trying to crawl on the bundle foundation 2 can also be killed in the same manner as the cloth foundation 1.

In any case, in this embodiment, the termites crawling up from the ant path to the foundation structure (cloth foundation 1, bundle foundation 2) can be killed as described above. Wood (base 3, pillar 4, floor bundle 5, etc.)
An excellent preventive effect can be obtained for preventing the predators from being attacked by termites.

If the wooden part of the building has already been damaged, the tunnel-shaped dovetail formed on the side surface 1c of the cloth foundation 1 or the side surface 2a of the bundle foundation 2 facing the underfloor space 8 is completely removed. After the fracture, the carbon material 9 is laid in the same manner as described above.
When the carbonaceous material 9 is laid in this way, the termites cannot reconstruct the ant path connecting the invading xylem to the soil, which is the place where water is taken, and the termites left in the xylem become wet. They can no longer be consumed and eventually die. Therefore, an extermination effect on termites that damage the xylem of the building can be obtained.

Further, since it is not necessary to use a toxic termite control agent as in the prior art, and there is no need to install any members on the substructure, it is only necessary to lay carbonaceous materials. It can be implemented easily and at low cost for objects, and there is no risk of damaging the occupants' health or polluting the natural environment.

In the above description, the carbonaceous material 9 is laid at the corner 11 between the side surface 2a of the bundle foundation 2 and the underfloor soil surface 7a.
Instead, as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG.
Even when the carbon material 9 is laid at the corner 13 formed between the side surface 5a of the bundle base 2 and the upper surface 2b of the bundle foundation 2, substantially the same effect as described above can be obtained. In this case, the floor bundle 5 serves as the “foundation structure” according to the present invention, and its side surface 5a serves as the “side surface facing the underfloor space of the foundation structure” according to the present invention.
b is the “bottom surface of the underfloor space” in the present invention.

Further, in the above, the carbon material 9 is laid on the entire periphery of the side surface facing the underfloor space 8 of all the foundation structures (the cloth foundation 1 and the bundle foundation 2). However, there is a possibility that termites may form an ant path. Embodiments in which the carbonaceous material is laid only in the vicinity of a highly humid part (for example, a bathroom, a kitchen, or a toilet) may be adopted.

FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the method of the present invention. The same reference numerals are given to the same or corresponding components as those in the above-mentioned embodiment, and duplicate description will be omitted. In this embodiment, a humidity control layer 14 is laminated on the underfloor soil surface 7a, and a moisture-proof layer 15 is further laminated thereon.
The ends of the humidity control layer 14 and the moisture-proof layer 15 are connected to the side surface 1c of the fabric base 1. The humidity control layer 14 has a function of absorbing moisture during a humid period such as the rainy season and releasing moisture during a dry period such as a winter season. Specifically, for example, crushing a porous rock It is formed by laying the granules having a particle size of about several millimeters to an appropriate thickness. The moisture-proof layer 15 is made of a material that does not transmit moisture (water and water vapor), and is specifically made of, for example, a sheet made of a synthetic resin such as vinyl chloride. The carbonaceous material 9 is laid on the corner 10 formed by the side surface 1c of the cloth foundation 1 and the upper surface of the moisture-proof layer 15 in the same manner as described above. (Thus,
Here, the upper surface of the moisture-proof layer 15 is the “bottom surface of the underfloor space” according to the present invention. )

If the carbonaceous material laid at the corners absorbs excessively and the carbonaceous material particles adhere to each other to form a lump, the termite-controlling effect may be weakened. On the other hand, when configured as in this embodiment, the moisture (moisture) from the soil 7 under the floor is
The termite-controlling effect can be prevented from weakening due to the absorption of the termites, and the same termite-controlling effect as immediately after the laying can be maintained for a long time. In this embodiment, the humidity control layer 14 and the moisture-proof layer 1
5 is provided, but even if only one of them is provided, the effect of suppressing the carbon material 9 from absorbing moisture from the soil 7 can be obtained.

FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 show still another embodiment of the method of the present invention. In this embodiment, a holding member 16 for a carbon material extending along the longitudinal direction of the cloth foundation 1 is provided on the underfloor soil surface 7a near the cloth foundation 1. The holding member 16 includes a vertical plate portion 17 parallel to the side surface 1 c of the cloth foundation 1.
And a horizontal plate portion 18 continuously provided at a lower end of the vertical plate portion 17,
A fixed portion 19 protruding downward from one end of the horizontal plate portion 18 and having a sharp lower end so as to be stabbed into the soil 7 is integrally formed of, for example, a synthetic resin.

The holding member 16 holds the fixing portion 19 in a state in which the vertical plate portion 17 (an example of a bank body) is opposed to the side surface 1c of the cloth foundation 1 at an appropriate interval of, for example, about 3 to 10 cm. By being press-fitted into the base 7, it is fixed on the underfloor soil surface 7 a. The height from the underfloor soil surface 7a to the upper end of the vertical plate portion 17 (bank body) in the fixed state is not particularly limited, but is preferably, for example, about 2 to 4 cm. The same carbonaceous material 9 as described above is laid between the vertical plate portion 17 and the side surface 1c of the fabric base 1 in an upwardly inclined state toward the side surface 1c (see FIG. 5).

With the configuration as in this embodiment, the following effects can be obtained. That is, in the configuration of the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 3, for example, the laid carbon material 9 is blown off by, for example, air blown from a ventilation hole (not shown) provided in the cloth foundation 1, or the underfloor space 8. When the corner 10 of the side surface 1c of the cloth foundation 1 and the underfloor soil surface 7a is partially exposed by being scattered by animals such as dogs and cats that have invaded the sea, through the exposed portion An ant path leading from the soil 7 to the cloth foundation 1 and further to the xylem of the building can be formed, and it may not be possible to prevent the xylem from being damaged by termites. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, even if it is dissipated by wind or animals, for example, as shown in FIG.
Is more likely to remain. In this case, the effect of preventing the termites from climbing up due to the carbon material 9 laid in an inclined state cannot be expected, but the carbonaceous materials 9 adhering to the body surface of the termites while passing over the remaining carbonaceous materials 9 cause the termites to be caught. And the effect of preventing wood damage is obtained.

In this embodiment, the vertical plate portion 17 of the holding member 16 is a levee body, but the levee body according to the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, a suitable plate material is partially placed on the underfloor soil surface 7a. It may be buried in the soil 7 so as to protrude, and the protruding portion may be used as a bank.

Although the cloth foundation has been mainly described above, even in the case of a so-called solid foundation in which concrete is poured into the entire construction area of a building, for example, a side surface of a rising portion for supporting a base and a bottom surface of an underfloor space. The method of the present invention can be applied in such a form that a carbon material is laid along a corner formed by the horizontal concrete surface to be formed.

[Experimental Examples] Finally, the results of experiments conducted by the present inventors to confirm the termite control effect of the powdery or fine-grained carbonaceous materials are attached. First, as shown in FIG. 7, six boxes of an appropriate size were prepared, each having an upper surface opened and an inner surface formed to have a smooth surface on which termites could not crawl. Then, in each of these boxes, 50 termites 20 (house termites of the termite), which were simultaneously captured in the same habitat, were put, and each of the following items was put.

That is, in the box shown in FIG. 7 (a), a tissue paper 21 (hereinafter referred to as "water-containing tissue") which was rolled and contained water was placed. A wooden piece 22 of an appropriate size was placed in the box shown in FIG. 2B, and a water-containing tissue 21 was placed thereon. In the box shown in FIG. 3 (c), a fine-grained carbon material 23 obtained by crushing Bincho charcoal into and out of 1 mm in particle diameter is provided.
Put it on one side so as not to cover the bottom of the box,
The wet tissue 21 was placed thereon. The box shown in FIG. 3D contains the same wooden piece 22 and wet tissue 2 as described above.
1 was put, and the wood piece 22 was surrounded by the fine-grained carbon material 23. In the box shown in FIG.
The powdered carbonaceous material 24 crushed to m was put on one side so as not to cover the bottom surface of the box, and the wet tissue 21 was placed thereon. In the box shown in FIG. 3 (f), a wood piece 22 and a hydrated tissue 21 similar to those described above are put, and the wood piece 22 is surrounded by the powdered carbonaceous material 24. Another piece of wood 25, which was damaged by termites, was placed.

Then, the above six boxes were placed in a dark place where the conditions of temperature and humidity were equal, and the condition of termites was observed while the water-containing tissue 21 was sometimes replenished with water. As a result, in the boxes (a) and (b), all the termites survived even after 6 days from the start of the experiment. In the box (c), some termites climbed the slope of the carbonaceous material 23 and reached the wet tissue 21. From such termites, the body surface was gradually covered with the carbonaceous material and died. ,
About 90% of termites died 29 hours after the start of the experiment, and all termites died 34 hours after the start of the experiment. (D)
In the box, all termites were killed 36 hours after the start of the experiment. In the box (e), all termites died 29 hours after the start of the experiment. In the box (f), all termites died 36 hours after the start of the experiment.

From the above experimental results, it was found that at least the powdery or fine-grained carbonaceous material had an action of killing termites. In addition, fine carbonaceous material (particle size about 10μ)
It was found that m) had a better termite killing effect than the coarse-grained carbonaceous material.

[0036]

As described above, according to the method for controlling termites of a building according to the present invention, without using a toxic termite controlling agent, it is possible to prevent damage to the structure by termites and to prevent damage to the structure. It is possible to exterminate invading termites, there is no risk of damaging the health of residents and polluting the natural environment, and it can be carried out easily and at low cost on existing buildings. Is obtained.

Further, since the carbonaceous material is laid in an uphill state, it is difficult for the termites to crawl up to the substructure, and the termite-controlling effect is further improved.

Further, since the carbon material is laid between the embankment body and the foundation structure, even if the carbon material is dissipated by wind, animals, or the like, the corner between the foundation structure and the bottom surface of the underfloor space is formed. Is less likely to be exposed, and the termite control effect is further improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a building substructure illustrating a laying state of carbonaceous materials according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic vertical sectional view of a main part of a building at a position corresponding to line AA in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a main part of a building at a position corresponding to line BB in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic vertical sectional view of a main part of a building explaining another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic vertical sectional view of a main part of a building for explaining still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic vertical sectional view of a main part of a building, illustrating a state of a carbon material in the embodiment of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a schematic explanatory diagram illustrating an experiment for confirming the termite control effect of a carbon material.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cloth foundation (foundation structure) 1c Side surface 2 Bundle foundation (foundation structure) 2a Side surface 7a Underfloor soil surface (bottom surface of underfloor space) 8 Underfloor space 9 Carbonaceous material 10, 11, 13 Corner portion 17 Vertical plate portion (bank) body)

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page F term (reference) 2D046 BA02 2E001 DB01 DB03 DH14 FA21 FA22 FA42 FA43 FA44 FA73 GA03 GA24 HA04 HC01 HC05 HD11 HD13

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A powdery or fine-grained carbonaceous material is applied to a corner formed by a side surface of a foundation structure facing a space under a floor and a bottom surface of the space under a floor of a building, and a band-like shape along the corner is formed. A ant-control method for a building, characterized by laying in a building. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the powdery or fine-grained carbonaceous material is laid in an upwardly inclined state toward the side surface of the substructure. 3. An embankment of an appropriate height is provided on the bottom surface of the underfloor space at a distance from the side surface of the foundation structure at an interval, and a powdery or fine granular material is provided between the embankment and the side surface of the foundation structure. The ant-control method for a building according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the carbonaceous material is laid.