JP2002129886A - Shield machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a shield machine preventing the interior of a shield body from being opened to a working face during maintenance and inspection of a cutter bit, and facilitating maintenance and inspection work. SOLUTION: During maintenance and inspection of the cutter bit 2, the cutter spokes 3 of a cutter head 5 are titled backward by a tilting cylinder device 12, and after the cutter spokes are retracted into the shield body 1 by a moving cylinder device 17, a pair of closing elements 21A and 21B is oscillated forward by an opening/closing cylinder device 23 to fully close the front opening S of the shield body 1.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shield machine, and more particularly to a shield machine capable of safely performing maintenance and inspection of a cutter bit provided on a cutter head.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is a shield excavator as shown in FIG. 34 which can safely perform maintenance and inspection of a cutter bit provided on a cutter head.

[0003] This shield machine is a shield body 10
1, a spherical working body 103 having a spherical space chamber 102 having a front surface (referred to as a front opening portion) S opened is pivotably disposed. An excavation mechanism unit 105 that excavates the ground by rotating the cutter head 104 in which the unit 104b is freely retractable is disposed.
The cutter head 104 is configured to be able to retreat inside the front opening S so as not to hinder the turning of the spherical work body 103. In addition, a turning cylinder device 106 that turns the spherical work body 180 by 180 degrees is disposed on the shield body 101.

In this shield machine, when performing maintenance and inspection of a cutter bit, first, as shown in FIGS.
After retreating into the inside a, the whole of the spherical work body 103 is turned by 180 degrees by the turning cylinder device 106 so that the cutter head 104 is positioned in the rear part of the shield body 101, and attached to the cutter head 104. Replacement work of the cutter bit is performed.

That is, since the entire cutter head 104 is moved into the safe shield main body 101, maintenance and inspection of the cutter bit can be performed safely.

[0006]

However, according to the construction of the shield machine described above, as shown in FIG. 34, it is necessary to prevent earth and sand from entering the front edge of the shield body 101 between the shield body 101 and the spherical work body 103. In order to prevent this, the sealing part 101
36, the front open portion S passes through the seal portion 101a when the spherical work body 103 is turned by 180 degrees, as shown in FIG. There is a disadvantage that the inside communicates with the inside and the inside of the shield main body 101 is opened to the face side.

Further, when the spherical work body 103 on which the cutter head 104 and the excavating mechanism 105 are arranged is turned, it is necessary to temporarily disconnect utility supply pipes such as a power supply and a hydraulic pressure. However, there is also a problem that the connection work is also required, and the maintenance and inspection work becomes very troublesome.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a shield machine in which the inside of the shield body is not opened to the face side at the time of maintenance and inspection of the cutter bit and the maintenance and inspection work can be easily performed.

[0009]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a shield machine comprising: a cutter head having a radially provided cutter spoke to which a cutter bit is attached; A shield excavator rotatably disposed at a front portion, wherein an outer diameter of the cut-spoke is configured to be reduced, and a spheroidal opening / closing body is swingably provided at a rear portion within the shield body, and a cutter is provided. After the outer diameter of the spoke is reduced, an opening / closing device is provided for swinging the opening / closing body forward to open / close a front opening portion of the shield body.

In a shield machine according to a second aspect of the present invention, the operation of reducing the outer diameter of the Katas spoke in the shield machine according to the first aspect is performed by tilting each Katas spoke backward. It was made.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a shield machine according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the outer diameter of the cut spoke is reduced by radially reducing each of the cut spokes. It was made.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a shield machine according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the open / close body has a two-part structure and the two open / close bodies are approached or separated from each other. Thus, the front opening of the shield body is opened and closed.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a shield machine according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the open / close body of the shield machine is divided into two parts and both the open / close bodies are swung in the same direction. In this way, the front opening of the shield body is opened and closed.

According to a shield machine according to a sixth aspect of the present invention, when the front opening of the shield body is closed by the opening / closing body in the shield machine according to any one of the first to third aspects, the entire cutter head is moved rearward. It is designed to be turned.

Further, in a shield machine according to claim 7 of the present invention, the opening and closing body in the shield machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is formed in a shape in which a plurality of conical surfaces having a predetermined width are connected. Things.

According to the construction of each shield machine described above, when performing maintenance and inspection of the cutter bit attached to the cutter spoke, after reducing the outer diameter of the cutter spoke,
The front opening of the shield body is closed by swinging a pair of open / close bodies located rearward in the shield body to the front, so that during maintenance and inspection work, the face side and the inside of the shield body are closed. Does not occur, and the construction of the excavating mechanism consisting of the cutter head and the rotary drive is not completely covered by the open / close body. ,
There is no need to connect and disconnect utility supply equipment such as hydraulic pressure.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A shield machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, a plurality of (for example, six) cut-spokes 3 each having a large number of cutter bits 2 attached thereto are provided at the front portion of a shield body 1 of the shield machine. A cutter head 5 protruding radially from 4 has an outer diameter that can be reduced, and is rotatable on a partition 7 disposed in the shield main body 1 via a rotary shaft 6. It is provided so as to be able to move back and forth with respect to the open portion S (movable in the front-rear direction), and a space between the partition wall 7 and the cutter head 5 is a pressure chamber 8 for taking in earth and sand. Although the cutter head 5 is attached to the tip of the rotating shaft 6 via the center attaching portion 4, the rotating shaft 6 and the center attaching portion 4 can of course be provided integrally.

Here, the reduction mechanism of the cutter head 5 will be described. Each of the above cut spokes 3 is attached via a connecting pin 11 to a center attaching portion 4 provided at the front end of the rotating shaft body 6 so as to be tiltable rearward in a plane including the rotating axis of the cutter head 5. Each of these cut-spokes 3 is placed in an excavation position (a) parallel to the front surface (radial direction) of the cutter head 5 (see FIG. 4), and a tilting position tilted at an angle of, for example, 45 degrees toward the rear pressure chamber 8. (C) (see FIG. 6). A tilting cylinder device (an example of a tilting device, specifically a hydraulic cylinder device is used) 12 for tilting the tilting device 12 is provided. The tilting cylinder device 12 is provided over the middle part of the cut-spoke 3 and the center mounting portion 4, and the rod portion 12a is connected to a recess formed on the rear surface of the cut-spoke 3 side. ing.

Next, the cutter head 5 has a structure rotatable with respect to the partition 7 and the front opening S of the shield body 1.
A configuration that is capable of moving back and forth (movable in the front-rear direction) will be described.

That is, a cylindrical moving member 13 is provided with a bearing member 14 on the partition wall 7 arranged at an intermediate portion of the shield body 1.
The movable shaft 13 is rotatably inserted through the moving member 13 while being provided so as to be movable (slidably) in the front-rear direction.

At the rear end of the moving member 13, an annular mounting body 16 comprising a circular side wall 15a and an annular plate 15b provided on the outer periphery of the side wall 15a is mounted. Annular mounting body 16 and partition wall 7
A retracting cylinder device (an example of a retracting device, for example, a hydraulic cylinder is used) 17 for retracting and moving the cutter head 5 is provided between them. A rotary drive (for example, a hydraulic motor or the like is used) 20 that rotates a ring gear 18 provided at the rear of the body 6 via a pinion 19 is provided.

Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, the cutter head 5 can be brought into the preparation position (b) for preparing the tilting of the cutter spoke by slightly extending the cutter head 5 by the retracting cylinder device 17, and the tilting device for tilting can be used. Cylinder device 12
Can be brought to the inclined position (c) inclined 45 degrees backward, and the cutter head 5, that is, the cutter spoke 3 is retracted by the retractable cylinder device 17, and finally, the shield body 1 can be retreated to the work position (d). The reason why the tip is once projected to the preparation position (b) is to prevent the tip of the cut spoke 3 from contacting the shield main body 1 when tilted.

A pair of left and right split spheres (also referred to as a dome shape, specifically having a central angle θ of 80) that can open and close the front open portion S of the shield body 1 is provided at an intermediate portion in the shield body 1. Opening and closing body 21 (21A,
21B) is provided.

That is, support shafts 22 are provided at upper and lower positions corresponding to the partition walls 7 of the shield main body 1, respectively, and the upper and lower ends of the respective opening / closing members 21A and 21B are rotatable about the support shafts 22. And a support beam 1a arranged above and below the shield body 1 and each of the opening and closing members 2
1A, 21B, these opening and closing members 21A, 21B
Is opened and closed between the rear open position (e) and the closed position (f) for closing the front open portion S, that is, approaching or separating from each other to open and close the front open portion S. (An example of an opening / closing device, specifically, a hydraulic cylinder device is used.) 23 are provided.
Therefore, the front opening S of the shield main body 1 can be closed by operating the opening / closing cylinder device 23 and swinging the pair of opening / closing bodies 21A, 21B from the rear to the front.

The partition 7 is connected to the distal ends of the support shafts 22 provided above and below, and is connected to the shield body 1.
Link-like support member 2 provided between the support beam 1a
4 and is supported on the shield body 1 side, and the distal ends of the opening / closing members 21A and 21B are connected to the upper and lower support shafts 2 respectively.
A pair of annular members 25 provided on 2 (25A, 25B)
In between, they are inserted and held so as to be swingable.

Next, a description will be given of a case where maintenance work of the cutter bit in the shield machine, for example, replacement work is performed. As shown in FIG. 4, at the time of ordinary tunnel excavation, the cutter head 5 is located behind the shield body 1 so that the cutter spoke 3 is at the excavation position (a), and both the open / close bodies 21A, 21B are closed. Although the cutter bit 2 is set at the rear open position (e), when the cutter bit 2 is replaced, the cutter spoke 5 is moved by the reciprocating cylinder device 17 as shown in FIGS.
, That is, the cutout pork 3 with the front preparation position (b)
After that, the cutter spokes 3 are set to the tilting position (C) by the tilting cylinder device 12.

Next, as shown in FIG. 7, the cutter spokes 3 are moved to the rear working position (d) by the retractable cylinder device 17. Then, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, both open / close bodies 21 are opened / closed by the open / close cylinder device 23.
A, 21B may be swung forward to completely close the front opening S of the shield body 1, and the cutter bit 2 may be replaced in a safe state in which it is cut off from the face.

As described above, inside the shield main body 1, a pair of left and right opening / closing units capable of closing the front opening S of the shield main body 1 is provided separately from the excavation mechanism unit including the cutter head 5 and the rotary drive unit 20. Since the body 21 (21A, 21B) is provided, unlike the conventional example, the front surface is opened and the spherical work body in which the excavation mechanism including the cutter head is arranged is rotated by 180 degrees. During turning, the face side and the inside of the shield body do not communicate with each other through the opening on the front surface, and the excavation mechanism accommodated in the spherical working body does not rotate, so that power supply, hydraulic pressure, etc. There is no need to separate and connect the work supply pipes (utility supply equipment), and therefore, maintenance and inspection work such as cutter bit replacement work can be performed easily and quickly.

Next, a shield machine according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the shield machine according to the first embodiment, the cutter spoke is tilted to reduce the outer diameter of the cutter head. In the second embodiment, the cutter spoke is expanded and contracted. Therefore, in the second embodiment, description will be made focusing on this portion, and the same members as those in the first embodiment will be denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted. I do.

That is, as shown in FIGS. 9 to 12, the cut-spokes 3 protruding radially from the center mounting portion 4 of the rotary shaft body 6 are provided near the inner periphery fixed to the center mounting portion 4 side. A peripheral spoke 3a and an outer spoke 3b closer to the outer periphery (specifically inserted) provided to be able to move back and forth (specifically, inserted) in the inner spoke 3a,
A telescopic cylinder device (an example of a telescopic device, which is not shown, for example, a hydraulic cylinder device is used to extend and retract the outer spoke portion 3b with respect to the inner spoke portion 3a to expand and contract the cut spoke 3). ) Is arranged between the spoke portions 3a and 3b.

In the above configuration, when performing a maintenance and inspection work of the cutter bit 3, for example, a replacement work, as shown in FIG. 13, as a preparation work, the cutter head 5, that is, the cutter spoke 3 is moved by the retractable cylinder device 17. After projecting to the preparation position (b) and excavating, as shown in FIG. 14, the outer peripheral side spoke portion 3b is retracted by the telescopic cylinder device at that position, and the outer peripheral diameter of the cut spoke 3 is reduced ( (Reduced diameter).

[0033] Then, by the retracting cylinder device 17,
Working position of cutter spoke 3 in shield body 1 (h)
Retreat until Next, as shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, both open / close bodies 21 </ b> A,
By swinging the front side 21B forward and completely closing the front opening S of the shield body 1, the cutter bit 2 can be replaced in a safe state in which it is cut off from the face.

That is, with the shield machine according to the second embodiment, the same operation and effect as those of the first embodiment can be obtained. Next, a shield machine according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

In the shield machine according to the first embodiment, the front opening of the shield body is closed.
In the third embodiment, the pair of opening / closing members is caused to swing forward from the same direction. Therefore, in the third embodiment, the third opening / closing member is caused to swing forward in the same direction. In the embodiment, the description will be made focusing on this part, and the same members as those in the first embodiment include:
The same reference numerals are given and the description is omitted.

That is, as shown in FIGS.
One opening / closing body 21A of a pair of opening / closing bodies 21 (21A, 21B) capable of opening and closing the front opening S of the shield main body 1 is configured to be swingable forward with respect to the support shaft portion 22 and the other. Regarding the opening / closing body 21B, the support shaft 2
2, it is configured to be able to swing forward through the rear of the shield body 1, and although not shown, both open / close bodies 21 </ b> A and 21 </ b> B are swung in a predetermined same direction to open the front opening S. An opening and closing cylinder device for opening and closing is provided.

In the above configuration, when performing a maintenance and inspection work of the cutter bit 3, for example, a replacement work, first, as shown in FIG. After excavation by protruding to (b), as shown in FIG. 21, the cutter cylinder 3 is tilted at that position by the tilting cylinder device 12 to bring it to the tilting position (c), The other opening / closing body 21B is operated by the cylinder device.
Is connected to one opening / closing body 21A.

Then, as shown by the imaginary line and the solid line in FIG. 22, the cutter spoke 17 is retracted to the working position (d) in the shield main body 1 by the retracting cylinder device 17. Note that the cut spokes 3 may be moved to the work position (d) before the two opening / closing bodies 21A and 21B are integrated.

Next, as shown in FIGS. 22 and 23,
Opening / closing body 2 connected to each other by an opening / closing cylinder device
By swinging 1A and 21B forward in the predetermined direction a,
By completely closing the front opening S of the shield body 1, the cutter bit 2 can be replaced in a safe state in which it is cut off from the face.

That is, the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained in the shield machine according to the third embodiment. Next, a shield machine according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

In the shield machine according to the first embodiment, the pair of open / close bodies are swung forward from left and right,
In the state where the front opening of the shield body is closed, the cutter bit attached to the cut-spoke is exchanged, but in the fourth embodiment, after closing the front opening of the shield body, Further, the entire cutter head is rotated backward. Therefore, in the fourth embodiment, description will be made focusing on this portion, and the same members as those in the first embodiment will be described. The same reference numerals are given and the description is omitted.

That is, as shown in FIGS.
A pair of opening / closing members 21 (21A, 21B) capable of opening and closing the front open portion S of the shield body 1 are provided so as to be swingable from right and left to the front with respect to the partition wall 7 and support beams 1a of the shield body 1 The opening and closing cylinder device 23 provided between the opening and closing members 21A and 21B allows the opening and closing members 21A and 21B to swing back and forth to open and close the front opening S of the shield main body 1.

Further, the rotating shaft 6 for rotating the cutter head 5 and the partition wall 7 for supporting the rotary driving device 20 for rotating the rotating shaft 6 are formed by upper and lower supporting shaft portions 22.
, It is configured to be able to pivot via a pivot bearing 31. Of course, although not shown, at least this partition wall 7 is moved rearward at a predetermined angle (for example, 180 degrees, depending on maintenance and inspection work). If the optimum angle is selected and only the inspection work is performed, an angle of 90 degrees or less is sufficient.) A swivel device for turning (for example, a hydraulic cylinder device for turning, or a manual turning mechanism is used) Is provided.

In the above configuration, when performing maintenance and inspection work of the cutter bit 3, for example, replacement work, first, as shown in FIG. After excavation is performed by protruding to (b), the cutter cylinder 6 is tilted by the tilting cylinder device 12 at that position to bring it to the tilting position (c).

Then, as shown in FIG. 29, after the Kata's spoke 3 is retracted to the retracted position (i) in the shield body 1 by the retracting cylinder device 17, both the opening and closing members are opened and closed by the opening and closing cylinder device 23. The front opening portion S of the shield main body 1 is closed by swinging 21A and 21B forward.

Next, as shown in FIG. 30, the cutter head 5 is rotated 180 degrees backward together with the partition wall 7 by a turning device (not shown) to position the cutter spoke 3 in its working position (nu).

That is, the front opening S of the shield body 1
After completely closing the cutter bit, the cutter bit 2 is swiveled rearward in the shield body 1 so that the cutter bit 2 can be exchanged in a safe state in which it is cut off from the face and in a wide rear space. It can be carried out.

Since there is an open space between the two opening / closing members 21A and 21B located behind the shield main body 1, utility supply piping such as power supply and hydraulic pressure for the cutter head 5 is not provided. This portion can be passed through, and therefore, unlike the case where the excavating mechanism is housed in the spherical working body, the connection / separation work is not required as shown in the conventional example.

The configuration in which the cutter head and the rotary drive described in the fourth embodiment are swung rearward together with the partition wall can be applied to the second embodiment.

Further, in the shield machine according to each of the above-described embodiments, the pair of opening and closing bodies are described as having a spherical shape, but they are usually formed as curved surfaces. As shown in the figure, a plurality of conical plate portions 21a having a predetermined width b and a predetermined central angle (θ: not shown) may be formed in the cross-sectional shape. .

[0051]

As described above, according to the construction of the shield machine of the present invention, the cutter head,
Since an opening / closing body that can close the front opening part of the shield main body is provided separately from the excavation mechanism unit such as a rotary drive machine,
Unlike the conventional example, the front face is opened and the spherical work body on which the excavation mechanism is disposed is rotated by 180 degrees. During the turning, the face side and the shield body are opened through the front opening. Since there is no communication between the inside and the excavator and the excavating mechanism, it is not necessary to turn the power supply, hydraulic pressure, and other utility supply equipment. Very easy to do.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a shield machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the shield machine.

FIG. 3 is a rear view of the shield machine.

FIG. 4 is a horizontal sectional view of the shield machine.

FIG. 5 is a partially cutaway horizontal sectional view of the shield machine.

FIG. 6 is a horizontal cross-sectional view illustrating maintenance and inspection work in the shield machine.

FIG. 7 is a horizontal sectional view for explaining a maintenance and inspection work in the shield machine.

FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view for explaining a maintenance and inspection work in the shield machine.

FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view of a shield machine according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a front view of the shield machine.

FIG. 11 is a rear view of the shield machine.

FIG. 12 is a partially cutaway horizontal sectional view of the shield machine.

FIG. 13 is a horizontal cross-sectional view illustrating maintenance and inspection work in the shield machine.

FIG. 14 is a horizontal cross-sectional view illustrating maintenance and inspection work in the shield machine.

FIG. 15 is a horizontal cross-sectional view illustrating maintenance and inspection work in the shield machine.

FIG. 16 is a longitudinal sectional view for explaining a maintenance and inspection work in the shield machine.

FIG. 17 is a longitudinal sectional view of a shield machine according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a front view of the shield machine.

FIG. 19 is a horizontal sectional view of the shield machine.

FIG. 20 is a horizontal cross-sectional view illustrating maintenance and inspection work in the shield machine.

FIG. 21 is a horizontal sectional view for explaining a maintenance and inspection work in the shield machine.

FIG. 22 is a horizontal cross-sectional view illustrating maintenance and inspection work in the shield machine.

FIG. 23 is a longitudinal sectional view for explaining a maintenance and inspection work in the shield machine.

FIG. 24 is a longitudinal sectional view of a shield machine according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 25 is a front view of the shield machine.

FIG. 26 is a rear view of the shield machine.

FIG. 27 is a horizontal sectional view of the shield machine.

FIG. 28 is a horizontal cross-sectional view illustrating a maintenance and inspection work in the shield machine.

FIG. 29 is a horizontal cross-sectional view illustrating a maintenance and inspection work in the shield machine.

FIG. 30 is a horizontal cross-sectional view illustrating maintenance and inspection work in the shield machine.

FIG. 31 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a modification of the main part of the shield machine in each of the embodiments.

FIG. 32 is a rear view showing a modified example of a main part of the shield machine.

FIG. 33 is a longitudinal sectional view for explaining a maintenance and inspection work in a modified example of a main part of the shield machine.

FIG. 34 is a longitudinal sectional view of a shield machine in a conventional example.

FIG. 35 is a longitudinal sectional view for explaining the maintenance and inspection work in the shield machine.

FIG. 36 is a longitudinal sectional view for explaining a maintenance and inspection work in the shield machine.

FIG. 37 is a longitudinal sectional view for explaining the maintenance and inspection work in the shield machine.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Shield main body 2 Cutter bit 3 Cutter spoke 3a Inner peripheral side spoke part 3b Outer peripheral side spoke part 5 Cutter head 6 Rotary shaft body 7 Partition wall 12 Cylinder device for tilting 17 Cylinder device for retraction 20 Rotary drive 21 Opening and closing body 22 Support shaft Part 23 Opening / closing cylinder device 31 Slewing bearing

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A shield excavator in which a cutter head provided with a cutter bit radially provided with a cutter bit is rotatably disposed at a front portion of a shield body, wherein the outer diameter of the cutter spoke can be reduced. A split spherical opening / closing body is swingably provided at a rear portion inside the shield body, and after the outer diameter of the cut spoke is reduced, the opening / closing body is swung forward to open a front opening portion of the shield body. A shield machine equipped with an opening and closing device for opening and closing the shield. 2. The shield machine according to claim 1, wherein the outer diameter of the cut spoke is reduced by tilting each cut spoke backward. 3. The shield machine according to claim 1, wherein the operation of reducing the outer diameter of the cut spoke is performed by contracting each cut spoke in the radial direction. 4. The open / close body has a two-part structure, and both open / close bodies are moved closer to or away from each other to open and close the front opening of the shield body. The shield machine described in Crab. 5. The open / close body has a two-part structure, and both open / close bodies are swung in the same direction to open and close the front opening of the shield main body. A shield machine described in any of the above. 6. The shield machine according to claim 1, wherein the entire cutter head is turned backward when the front opening of the shield body is closed by the opening / closing body. 7. The shield machine according to claim 1, wherein the opening and closing body is formed in a shape in which a plurality of conical surfaces having a predetermined width are connected.