JP2002112713A - Feed additive, and apparatus and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a drying method involved in treating food residues and comprising bringing the water content of the residues to <=10 wt.% in a short time without causing scorching while putting the oxidative deterioration of the oily component of the residues to a minimum, and to provide a small-sized dryer enabling the method to be accomplished. SOLUTION: This drying method comprises the following process: food residues are finely cut or ground and then continuously irradiated with far- infrared rays with the main wavelengths of 4 μm (irradiated surface temperature of 450 deg.C) to 6.5 μm (irradiated surface temperature of 173 deg.C) while renewing the surface of the cut or ground food residues by an appropriate means.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for effectively utilizing food residues generated from restaurants and the like as animal feed and the like, and to such feed and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, food residues generated from restaurants and the like have only been incinerated as industrial waste or fertilized as compost. However, if incinerated, dioxin and the like are likely to be generated, and the use of compost is not always suitable as a fertilizer due to the seasonal variation and daily variation of the generated food residue. On the other hand, if it is to be dried and reused, the method using a conventional electric heater or the like has a main wavelength of 3.5 μm.
Irradiation with shorter-wavelength infrared rays was caused, and scorching was likely to occur partially, and effective quality as feed could not be obtained. Further, in the drying by the steam jacket method, a boiler must be separately installed, and the dried matter may be firmly adhered to the heated surface, which is economically and structurally problematic. Further, in the drying with hot air, the hot air inlet temperature must be set to about 300 ° C. and the outlet temperature must be suppressed to about 100 ° C., so that the energy use efficiency is remarkably poor and another pollution such as generation of offensive odor has been caused. For this reason, there was difficulty in reusing food residues. Food residues, on the other hand, contain carbohydrates, proteins, oils,
Since water and the like are mixed in various ratios, the food residue is apt to rot unless the water content is immediately reduced to 10% or less at the place where the food residue is generated. In this respect, it is difficult to reuse the food residue. Was.

[0003]

The object of the present invention is to minimize the oxidative deterioration of oil which could not be achieved by the conventional method / apparatus in the recycling of food residues, and to reduce the amount of water in a short time without burning. %, And a small apparatus capable of achieving the drying method, and a feed obtained by such a method and apparatus.

[0004]

After the food residue is finely cut or pulverized, the main wavelength is changed from 4 μm (radiation surface temperature of 450 ° C.) to 6.5 μm (radiation surface temperature of 173 ° C.) while the surface is renewed by an appropriate method. Irradiates far infrared rays continuously.

[0005]

[Action] Food residues can be dried at low temperature and only water evaporates to prevent oxidative deterioration of oil and can be economically dried in a short time. Therefore, a material suitable for animal feed additives can be obtained.

[0006]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention is basically directed to irradiating far-infrared rays on a finely divided food on a device having a stirring function and a feeding function. These will be described in detail below.

Pretreatment of Food Residue It is desirable that the food residue is roughly cut or crushed into small pieces or fine powder of about 5 mm or smaller in advance and then charged into a drying device. When the food residue has a high oil content, it is preferable to add an appropriate amount of an oil absorbent containing dietary fiber as a component, for example, okara.

Drying Drying is performed by a device having a conveying device having a function of stirring and feeding the finely divided food residue and a portion for irradiating the food residue with far-infrared rays. The transport device aligns a plurality of half-cylinders opened upward horizontally, and in a container provided with a space at each end at which the contents can move to another half-cylinder, the feeding direction is reversed for each half-cylinder. With a feed function and a stirring function.
It consists of stirring and transporting, which has the function of feeding the contents into the half cylinder adjacent to the end. As a specific means having a feeding function and a stirring function, for example, rotation of an inclined blade is used. The movement of the food residue from one half cylinder to the other half cylinder utilizes a shape change that increases the lateral movement component of the blade. The food residue is repeatedly transported and subjected to the drying process in the above-described stirring and transporting device, depending on the amount of water contained therein, but the number of half cylinders arranged in parallel is increased to transport the contents. It may be longer. As the heat source, dominant wavelength 4
Far-infrared rays that can be adjusted to μm (radiation surface temperature: 450 ° C.) to 6.5 μm (radiation surface temperature: 173 ° C.) are used. The wavelength of the far-infrared ray to be irradiated may be constant, but the part near the drying device inlet, which contains a large amount of water, irradiates the shorter far-infrared ray of the main wavelength with a relatively high energy density, and as the drying proceeds, Adjustment to emit long-wavelength long-wavelength, low-energy-density far-infrared rays is also useful and economical as a method of drying in a short time with as little burning as possible.

[0009] The food residue introduced into one end of the drying device is agitated and conveyed with a stirring function and a feeding function provided in a half cylinder.
While being agitated and renewing the surface, it is slowly transported to the other end (end) of the drying device while receiving irradiation of far infrared rays from above. Since the end of the stirring and conveying device has a wing-like shape that has a function of transferring the contents into an adjacent half cylinder, the partially dried food residue moves to the adjacent half cylinder here, and the inside of the half is dried. It is dried while moving in the opposite direction. This operation may be repeated depending on the amount of water contained in the food residue, or if there is enough space in the installation area and it is assumed that the amount of water or the amount of treatment is large in advance, increase the number of parallel half cylinders. It is also useful to keep it. The dried product obtained by using the drying of the present invention has a low water content and can be easily reduced to 10% or less. As its components, carbohydrates, proteins, oils, and other useful components which are animal nutrition are contained. Therefore, when it is mixed with a conventionally known animal feed as an additive, it can withstand long-term storage without significantly impairing the nutritional value, and is extremely useful as a method for effectively utilizing food residues as a source of pollution. There is no particular limitation on the amount to be mixed into the known animal feed, but in consideration of nutritional balance, dispersion, etc., it is desirable to mix the mixture at about 20% or less of the whole.

[0010]

EXAMPLE An example of an efficient method and apparatus for rapidly drying food residues using the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The food residue introduced from the food residue input port 1 is contained in the semi-cylindrical outer cylinder 3 inside the semi-cylindrical outer cylinder 3 having an open upper part on the side where the food residue is dropped, and is radially outside the longitudinal rotation shaft 2. The semi-cylindrical outer cylinder 3 is transported to one end plate 6 while receiving surface renewal by the blades 4 having a feeding function and a stirring function arranged in the outer cylinder 3. In this position, the blades 4 arranged radially outward of the longitudinal rotation axis 2 are such that the food residues are no longer directed in the longitudinal direction of the semi-cylindrical outer cylinder 3 but in a transverse direction perpendicular thereto, ie the adjacent semi-cylindrical cylinder. It is configured to move in the direction of the outer cylinder 3 '. On the other hand, at this end position, the two semi-cylindrical outer cylinders 3 and 3 'have their adjacent cylindrical parts removed, so that the food residue cannot
Is fed into the other half cylindrical outer cylinder 3 '. In the other half-cylindrical outer cylinder 3 ′, exactly the same configuration is provided so as to transport the food residue in the opposite direction of the one half-cylindrical outer cylinder 3. After reaching the plate 6 and the end plate 6 'on the reflection side, the structure of the blade 5' adjacent to the end plate 6 'and the adjacent portion of the semi-cylindrical outer cylinders 3, 3' having the above-mentioned structure. Is transported to the semi-cylindrical outer cylinder 3. During this time, the food residue is transferred to the far-infrared radiator 10
Irradiates from above with the far infrared rays adjusted by the far infrared secondary radiating plate 11 and is heated. Moisture evaporated from the heated contents is discharged out of the system through a drying device exhaust port 9.

The far-infrared radiator 10 shown in the drawing is a stainless steel pipe whose surface is coated with far-infrared radiation paint, and has a built-in heating element of nichrome wire inside. The surface temperature is 550 ° C., and the dominant wavelength is 3.5 μm. When far-infrared rays emitted from this radiator are directly radiated to food residues, even if the stirring is sufficient and the surface renewal is activated, the dried product partially burns. Therefore, a secondary radiating surface with a large surface area is installed to receive direct far-infrared rays from the radiator on this back surface, and from the opposite surface, far-infrared rays with a long dominant wavelength and low energy density If secondary radiation is emitted from the radiation plate 11 and the food residue is irradiated with the secondary radiation, drying can be performed without burning and the object can be achieved. The end of the drying should be determined by measuring the temperature of the dried product when the dried product moves to the adjacent tube near the end plate 5 or 6 of the semi-cylindrical drying device outer tube 3 or 3 '. Can be. When the microcomputer determines that the drying is completed, for example, the lid 14 of the outlet 13 provided at the bottom of any one of the semi-cylindrical outer cylinders 3 is automatically or manually rotated downward. As a result, sequentially dried food residues are collected in the dried product receiving tank 14 prepared below. The method of opening and closing the lid may be lateral rotation, lateral movement, or the like. When the throughput is large, a method of drying in a single pass without circulation may be used by using a drying device having a large number of half cylinders adjacent to each other. As described above, after partially drying to some extent with this drying apparatus, the dried product is once taken out of the system, and
It is also possible to shorten the drying time by crushing into fine particles of about 2 mm and returning to the drying device again for drying.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a drying apparatus according to the present invention, with the front side elements of the stirring apparatus removed to show the interior.

FIG. 2 is a top view of the apparatus of FIG. 1 in which elements on the upper side of the stirring apparatus have been removed to show the inside thereof (excluding an outlet 1).
3 is an example on the side of the semi-cylindrical outer cylinder 3).

FIG. 3 is a top view of the apparatus of FIG. 1 with the stirring mechanism removed from the stirring section and showing only the relationship between the far-infrared ray device, the inlet, and the outlet.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the device of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... food residue inlet, 2, 2 '... rotating shaft, 3, 3' ... semi-cylindrical outer cylinder, 4, 4 '... blades arranged radially outside, 6, 6' ... end plate, 9 ... Exhaust port, 10: Far-infrared radiator, 11: Far-infrared secondary radiating plate, 12: Gear for driving the stirrer, 13: Outlet, 14: Lid, 15: Dry matter receiving tank

Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat II (reference) B09B 5/00 ZAB F26B 9/06 Q F26B 3/30 17/20 C 9/06 B09B 3/00 Z 17/20 303M 5/00 ZABP F term (reference) 2B150 BA04 BD05 BD06 BE01 BE02 CD37 3L113 AA06 AA08 AB06 AC10 AC35 AC45 AC46 AC58 AC63 BA01 CB06 CB22 CB29 DA10 DA14 DA24 4D004 AA04 BA04 CA04 CA07 CA42 CA43 CB13 DA02 DA06 DA06 AC06 AC06 DA07 DA09 FA21 FA31 FA34 FA37 4G075 AA37 CA02 CA35

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. After the food residue is finely cut or pulverized, the main wavelength is 4 μm while the surface is renewed by an appropriate method.
(Radiation surface temperature 450 ° C.) to 6.5 μm (radiation surface temperature 17
(3 ° C.), a low water content food reuse animal feed additive obtained by continuously irradiating far infrared rays. 2. An animal feed obtained by mixing the feed additive according to claim 1 with a conventionally known animal feed. 3. After finely cutting or pulverizing a food residue from which contaminants such as metal and glass which are hardly naturally decomposed are removed, and renewing the surface by an appropriate method, the main wavelength is 4 μm.
(Radiation surface temperature 450 ° C.) to 6.5 μm (radiation surface temperature 17
A method for producing an animal feed additive that reuses food, characterized by continuously irradiating far infrared rays (3 ° C.) from a distance at which food residues do not burn and drying so as not to cause burning. 4. An oil absorbent comprising dietary fiber as a component,
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein an appropriate amount is added prior to drying depending on the oil content of the food residue. 5. A method for producing an animal feed by reusing food, wherein the dried product dried according to the method of claim 3 or 4 is mixed with a conventionally known animal feed. 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the dried product has a water content of 10% or less. 7. Main wavelength: 4 μm (radiation surface temperature: 450 ° C.)
Far infrared rays of 6.5 μm (radiation surface temperature: 173 ° C.) are continuously irradiated from a distance such that the food residue does not burn, and the obtained dried product is mixed with a conventionally known animal feed so as not to exceed 20%. The method for producing an animal feed according to any one of claims 4, 5, and 6, wherein: 8. The wavelength of far-infrared rays emitted from the far-infrared ray radiating device is set to a main wavelength of 4 μm (radiation surface temperature of 450 ° C.) to 6.
A drying device characterized in that the content is adjusted to 5 μm (radiation surface temperature: 173 ° C.), irradiated from above a drying device having a stirring and conveying device having a stirring function and a conveying function, and the contents are dried without burning. . 9. A feeding function in which a plurality of half-cylinders are horizontally aligned, and a feeding direction is reversed for each half-cylinder in a container provided with a space at each end at which contents can move to another half-cylinder. 9. The drying apparatus according to claim 8, further comprising a built-in stirring / conveying apparatus having a function of feeding the contents into a half cylinder adjacent to the end and a function of stirring. 10. Main wavelength: 4 μm (radiation surface temperature: 450 ° C.)
In order to obtain a far-infrared radiation surface that can be adjusted to ~ 6.5 µm (radiation surface temperature: 173 ° C), a radiator with a small-area primary radiation surface is built in, and other parts except a large-area secondary radiation surface Is a main wavelength of 4 μm (radiation surface temperature of 45 μm)
The drying device according to claim 8, wherein the drying device emits far infrared rays having a temperature of 0 ° C.) to 6.5 μm (radiation surface temperature: 173 ° C.). 11. A feeding device for supplying a food residue, a powdering device for cutting or pulverizing, a far-infrared radiation device installed facing the fine powder conveying device, and a fine powder conveying device for conveying the fine powder while mixing and stirring. And a stirring and mixing device for adding and mixing an appropriate animal feed as needed. 12. The wavelength of far-infrared rays emitted from the far-infrared ray radiating device is set to a main wavelength of 4 μm (radiation surface temperature of 450 ° C.).
The animal feed producing apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the apparatus is adjusted to 6.5 µm (radiation surface temperature: 173 ° C).