JP2002089418A - Vehicle starter - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problem of wiring and a starter motor by preparing a low-voltage circuit and a high-voltage circuit, when responding to the requirement of operating a starter motor for a low-voltage power supply and a high- voltage power supply in common. SOLUTION: An armature 10 and a shunt coil 12 having a number of turns more than a series coil 11 are connected in parallel. When a low voltage is impressed to the starter motor 4, a large current flows to the series coil 11 with the small number of turns while a current flowing through the shunt coil 12 with the large number of turns is small. This constitution can reduce a magnetic field in a stator side so as to secure a rotation speed necessary for impressing the low voltage. On the contrary, when the high voltage is impressed, the high voltage is impressed to the shunt coil 12 with the large number of turns so as to generate a large magnetic field. This constitution can enlarge the magnetic field of the stator side so as to eliminate failure, or excessive rotation of the starter motor and obtain an appropriate rotation speed. The addition of the shunt coil 12 thus enables the sharing use.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a starting device for a vehicle engine using a starter.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional vehicle, a starter motor is operated by a single power supply (a low-voltage power supply such as 12 V). However, in recent years, studies have been made to temporarily store a part of energy recovered during vehicle deceleration or the like in a high-voltage power supply such as a capacitor, and to operate a starter motor with the voltage stored in the high-voltage power supply. I have.

[0003]

However, since the conventional starter motor is provided so as to operate with a single power supply, when a high voltage is applied, the starter motor is excessively rotated and the armature is damaged. Conversely, when a starter motor corresponding to a high voltage was created, the output was insufficient when operated at a low voltage, and the motor could not be used. Therefore, if a low-voltage circuit and a high-voltage circuit are prepared according to the voltage, not only the wiring becomes complicated, but also the starter motor becomes complicated.
It was difficult to mount on vehicles.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has as its object to provide a vehicle equipped with a starter motor capable of operating at a high voltage or a low voltage only by adding a relatively simple circuit. In providing a starting device.

[0005]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, when a low voltage is applied to a starter motor from a low voltage power supply, the number of windings is small and the resistance value is small. A large current flows through the series-wound coil, and a small current flows through the shunt coil having a large number of turns and a large resistance value. As a result, the magnetic field on the stator side is reduced, and the required number of rotations when a low voltage is applied can be secured. On the other hand, when a high voltage is applied to the starter motor from the high-voltage power supply, the high voltage is applied to the shunt coil having a large number of turns, so that the shunt coil generates a large magnetic field. In other words, when a high voltage is applied, the magnetic field on the stator side is increased, so that the problem of excessive rotation of the starter motor is prevented, and the starter motor rotates at an appropriate rotation speed.

As described above, by adding a relatively inexpensive and easy-to-implement means of providing a shunt coil, a proper rotation can be obtained by one starter motor regardless of whether the voltage is high or low. . That is, the common starter motor can be operated by the low-voltage power supply and the high-voltage power supply, and the wiring and the starter motor can be prevented from becoming complicated.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the winding ratio between the series-wound coil and the shunt coil is set according to the voltage ratio between the voltage of the low-voltage power supply and the voltage of the high-voltage power supply. May be.

[Means of Claim 3] The means of Claim 3 may be employed to connect a current adjusting resistor to the shunt coil in series. Thereby, the amount of current flowing through the series-wound coil and the shunt coil can be adjusted.

[Means of Claim 4] The means of claim 4 may be adopted and a common magnet switch may be used. In this case, the common magnet switch may have a low voltage specification. As described above, when the magnet switch has a low voltage specification, by disposing the backflow prevention element in the connection circuit between the pull-in coil and the starter motor, it is possible to avoid a problem that a high voltage is applied to the pull-in coil.

[Means of Claim 5] The means of claim 5 may be adopted, and the power supply switching means for switching the low voltage power supply and the power supply switching means for switching the high voltage power supply may be shared. In such a case, a low-voltage power supply may be normally selected, and a high-voltage power supply may be selected when a switching instruction signal is received.

[0011]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to examples and modifications. [First Embodiment] FIG. 1 shows an energizing circuit diagram of a starting device for a vehicle. The vehicle shown in this embodiment includes an existing low-voltage power supply 1 (for example, a battery having a specified voltage of 12 V) and a high-voltage power supply 2 (for example, a capacitor or the like) that stores energy recovered during deceleration of the vehicle as electric energy. And a power supply that stores a voltage several times higher than that of the low-voltage power supply 1). A starter 3 for starting the engine includes a starter motor 4 for driving the engine to rotate,
The apparatus includes a magnet switch 5 for turning on and off the starter motor 4 and a changeover switch 6 (corresponding to a power supply switching unit) for switching power supplied to the starter motor 4.

Pull-in coil 5 of magnet switch 5
In this embodiment, two circuits are provided as circuits for energizing a (suction coil) and holding coil 5b (holding coil). One energizing circuit is a key switch 7
When the key switch 7 is connected to the starter terminal 7a, the pull-in coil 5a and the holding coil 5b of the magnet switch 5 are energized, and the magnet switch 5, which is a normally open movable contact, is connected. Is turned on. The other energizing circuit is connected to the low-voltage power supply 1 by a starting control means (hereinafter referred to as a starting ECU) 8. When the key switch 7 is connected to the ON terminal 7 b, the starting ECU 8 turns on the magnet. When the pull-in coil 5a and the holding coil 5b of the switch 5 are energized, the magnet switch 5, which is a normally open movable contact, is turned on.

The changeover switch 6 switches the power supply for energizing the starter motor 4 to the low voltage power supply 1 or the high voltage power supply 2.
The electric current a is controlled by the starting ECU 8. The changeover switch 6 normally selects the low-voltage power supply 1, and is provided so as to select the high-voltage power supply 2 when energized by the starting ECU 8 (corresponding to a case where a switching instruction signal is received). I have. That is, the switch 6 is connected to the coil 6
When a is OFF, the low voltage power supply 1 is connected (see the state of FIG. 1), and when the coil 6a of the changeover switch 6 is ON, the high voltage power supply 2 is connected.

As described above, the starting ECU 8 controls the magnet switch 5 and the changeover switch 6, and operates when the engine is started when the vehicle is started after stopping such as waiting for a traffic light. Specifically, the starting ECU 8 includes an engine control unit (hereinafter referred to as an engine EC).
U) Upon receiving the "automatic start signal" from 9, the switch 6 is switched to the high voltage side while the automatic start signal is received, and the magnet switch 5 is turned on to energize the starter motor 4. .

The engine ECU 9 controls the eco-run system to automatically stop the engine when the accelerator is released, the brake is depressed and the vehicle stops, and to start the engine until the brake is released and the vehicle starts. Is provided. The engine ECU 9 sends the above-described automatic start signal to the starting ECU in order to start the engine from the stopped state of the vehicle by the eco-run system.
8 is provided.

Next, the control by the starting ECU 8 will be described with reference to FIG.
A description will be given based on the flowchart of FIG. The starting ECU 8
First, it is determined whether or not the key switch 7 is connected to the ON terminal 7b (step S1). If the determination is NO, the routine returns. If the determination is YES, the ECU for the engine is used.
It is determined whether or not an automatic start signal has been received from step 9 (step S2). If this determination is NO, the process returns to step S1.

If the result of the determination in step S2 is YES, that is, if the engine ECU 9 sends an automatic start signal, the starter 3 is operated by the high voltage power supply 2. That is, the coil 6a of the changeover switch 6 is energized to switch from the low-voltage power supply 1 to the high-voltage power supply 2 (Step S).
3) Turn on the magnet switch 5 (step S4)
). Then, the high-voltage power supply 2 is connected to the starter motor 4, and a high voltage is applied to the starter motor 4.

Next, it is determined whether or not the automatic start signal sent from the engine ECU 9 has been turned off (step S5). That is, the engine is started by the start of the starter motor 4, the engine speed N becomes larger than the predetermined speed N0 (N> N0), and it is determined whether or not the engine ECU 9 has stopped transmitting the automatic start signal. . If the determination is NO, the process returns to step S5 because the engine has not been started yet.

If the decision result in the step S5 is YES, that is, if the engine is started, the operation of the starter 3 is stopped. That is, the magnet switch 5 is turned off (step S6), the energization of the coil 6a of the changeover switch 6 is stopped, and the high voltage power supply 2 is switched to the low voltage power supply 1 (step S7). Then, the energization of the starter motor 4 is stopped, and the operation of the starter 3 is stopped.

Next, the structure of the starter motor 4 will be described. The starter motor 4 includes an armature coil (not shown)
, A series-wound coil 11 connected in series to an armature coil of the armature 10 via a commutator (not shown) and a brush (not shown), and a parallel to the armature 10 and the series-wound coil 11. A shunt coil 12 to be connected is provided. The turn ratio between the series-wound coil 11 and the shunt coil 12 is set according to the voltage ratio between the voltage of the low-voltage power supply and the voltage of the high-voltage power supply. A current adjusting resistor 13 is connected in series to the shunt coil 12 so as to adjust the amount of current flowing through the series-wound coil 11 particularly when a low voltage is applied to the starter motor 4. Is provided.

The magnet switch 5 includes a changeover switch 6
And the starter motor 4. As described above, the pull-in coil 5a and the holding coil 5b of the magnet switch 5 are provided so that a low voltage is applied, and are provided with a withstand voltage specification suitable for the low voltage. In a connection circuit connecting the pull-in coil 5a and the starter motor 4, a backflow prevention element 14 (diode) for preventing a high voltage applied to the starter motor from being applied to the pull-in coil 5a is arranged. The problem applied to the coil 5a is prevented.

(Operation of Embodiment) An occupant gets on a vehicle,
When starting the engine, the key switch 7 is connected to the starter terminal 7a. Then, the magnet switch 5 is turned on
I do. At this time, the starting ECU 8 does not energize the coil 6a of the changeover switch 6, and the changeover switch 6 is set to the low-voltage power supply 1, so that a low voltage is applied to the starter motor 4. When a low voltage is applied from the low-voltage power supply 1 to the starter motor 4 as described above, a large current flows through the series-wound coil 11 having a small number of turns and a small resistance value, and flows to the shunt coil 12 having a large number of turns and a large resistance value. The flowing current is reduced. As described above, a large current flows through the series-wound coil 11 and the magnetic field on the stator side is reduced.
As a result, the number of revolutions and the output torque required to start the engine are generated. When the engine starts, the setting of the key switch 7 is switched from the starter terminal 7a to the ON terminal 7b. Then, the magnet switch 5 is turned off, and the energization of the starter motor 4 is stopped.

When the vehicle stops at a traffic light or the like, the engine is stopped by the eco-run system mounted on the engine ECU 9. When starting from a stop, the engine ECU 9 starts the engine so that the engine ECU 9 starts the engine.
8 to output an automatic start signal. Then, by the operation of the starting ECU 8 described above, the changeover switch 6 switches the high-voltage power supply 2.
And the magnet switch 5 is turned on. Then, the high voltage of the high voltage power supply 2 is applied to the starter motor 4. As described above, when a high voltage is applied from the high voltage power supply 2 to the starter motor 4, the high voltage is applied to the shunt coil 12 having a large number of turns, so that the shunt coil 12 generates a large magnetic field. That is, when a high voltage is applied, the magnetic field on the stator side becomes large, so that the problem that the starter motor rotates excessively is prevented, and as a result, the number of rotations and the output torque necessary for starting the engine are generated.
When the engine starts and the number of revolutions rises above a certain value,
The engine ECU 9 stops outputting the automatic start signal.
Then, the starting ECU 8 switches the changeover switch 6 to the original low-voltage power supply 1 and the magnet switch 5.
Turn OFF. Then, the energization of the starter motor 4 is stopped.

(Effects of the Embodiment) As described above, the addition of the shunt coil 12 to the starter motor 4 at a relatively low cost and easy realization means that even if the voltage is high or low, Appropriate rotation can be obtained by the two starter motors 4. That is, the common starter motor 4 can be operated by the low-voltage power supply 1 and the high-voltage power supply 2, and the complexity of wiring and the starter motor can be avoided.

Further, when the vehicle is started by the eco-run system, the starter motor 4 is operated by the high-voltage power supply 2 storing the electric energy collected when the vehicle is decelerated, so that the fuel efficiency can be improved. In other words, when the starter 3 is operated by the low-voltage power supply 1, the electric energy converted from the driving energy of the engine is consumed, so that the starter operation rate is increased by the eco-run system, so that the energy loss becomes very large. However, in this eco-run system, the starter motor 4 is operated by the high-voltage power supply 2 that stores the electric energy collected during both decelerations and the like, so that fuel efficiency can be improved.

[Modification] In the above embodiment, the magnet switch 5 is provided commonly for the low voltage and the high voltage, but may be provided independently. In the above embodiment, the changeover switch 6 is provided commonly for the low voltage and the high voltage, but may be provided independently. The changeover switch 6 may be arranged inside the starter 3 as shown in FIG. 1 or may be arranged outside the starter 3. The circuit configuration, the configuration of the starter 3, and the like shown in the above-described embodiments are merely examples for describing the embodiments, and can be appropriately changed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an energization circuit diagram of a vehicle starter (first embodiment).

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the operation of a starting control means.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Low-voltage power supply 2 High-voltage power supply 3 Starter 4 Starter motor 5 Magnet switch 5a Pull-in coil 5b Holding coil 6 Changeover switch (power supply switching means) 10 Armature 11 Series-wound coil 12 Shunt coil 13 Current-regulating resistor 14 Backflow prevention element

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. An armature including an armature coil, a series-wound coil connected in series to the armature coil, the armature coil, and the series-wound coil. And a voltage switched by the power supply switching means is applied to the series-wound coil, the armature coil, and the shunt coil, and a rotating torque for starting the engine is provided. A starter motor for a vehicle, comprising: 2. The starting device for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein a turn ratio between the series-wound coil and the shunt coil is set according to a voltage ratio between a voltage of the low-voltage power supply and a voltage of the high-voltage power supply. A starting device for a vehicle, comprising: 3. The starting device for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein a current adjusting resistor is connected in series to the shunt coil. 4. A starting device for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein a magnet switch for interrupting a current supplied to said starter motor is provided between said power supply switching means and said starter motor. The pull-in coil and the holding coil of the magnet switch are provided with a withstand voltage specification suitable for a voltage applied from the low-voltage power supply, and a connection circuit that connects the pull-in coil and the starter motor includes: A starting device for a vehicle, comprising a backflow prevention element for preventing a high voltage applied to the starter motor from being applied to the pull-in coil. 5. The vehicle starting device according to claim 1, wherein said power supply switching means includes means for switching said low voltage power supply, and means for switching said high voltage power supply. The vehicle starting device is provided so as to select the low-voltage power supply and to select the high-voltage power supply when a switching instruction signal is received.