JP2002088372A - Method for utilizing organic waste - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To utilize a thermal decomposition gas recovered by thermally decomposing an organic waste in an oxygen-free atmosphere and a nonvolatile residue as a heat source for heating and eliminate the formation of dioxins in consequence of combustion. SOLUTION: The organic waste 1 is thermally decomposed in an oxygen-free state to produce a combustible gas, a condensate and a carbonized material, which are then subjected to dechlorinating treatments 3 and 4 and subsequently utilized as the heat source for uses utilizing the heat of combustion.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for utilizing organic waste, which uses a product obtained by thermally decomposing organic waste such as polyvinyl chloride as a heat source for heating or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Organic waste containing chlorine compounds such as polyvinyl chloride and polyethylene is recovered as non-combustible waste, and the method of treating the waste is a high temperature (1200 ° C. or higher) so that dioxin is not generated. Burn and discard. Alternatively, JP-A-11-226542 discloses that a pyrolysis gas and a non-volatile residue are recovered by heating in an oxygen-free atmosphere so that dioxin is not generated.

[0003]

However, among the conventional treatment methods, the method of burning at 1200 ° C. or higher can decompose dioxin generated during combustion in a low temperature range, and has become a social problem today. Although it is an excellent method of releasing dioxins, it is possible to treat a large amount of organic waste at a high temperature of 1200 ° C. or higher, or to discharge exhaust gas containing dioxin generated at a low temperature of 1200 ° C.
Heating a large amount of energy requires a large amount of energy, so that there are many problems in operating as an actual facility.

[0004] Further, with respect to a method of recovering a pyrolysis gas and a non-volatile residue by pyrolysis in an oxygen-free atmosphere, a problem remains in the post-treatment of the pyrolysis gas and the non-volatile residue only by recovering the same. The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and has as its object to provide a pyrolysis gas obtained by thermally decomposing organic waste in an oxygen-free atmosphere, and a non-volatile residue to be used as a heat source for heating. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of using organic waste, which eliminates generation of dioxin due to combustion.

[0005]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, an organic waste is thermally decomposed in an oxygen-free state to produce a combustible gas, a condensate, and a carbide. The combustible gas, the condensate, and the carbide are dechlorinated and then used as a heat source for heating.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the method for utilizing organic waste according to the first aspect, the apparatus for thermally decomposing the organic waste has an openable / closable lid and a combustible gas outlet. Further, it is characterized by comprising a closed-type heating chamber for holding the inside in an inert gas atmosphere, and an induction coil for induction-heating the heating chamber from the outside. The invention according to claim 3 is the method for utilizing organic waste according to claim 1, wherein the thermal decomposition of the organic waste is an intermittent operation, and the combustible gas generated during the thermal decomposition is used as an immediate heat source; The condensate and the carbide are used as a heat source during the stop of the thermal decomposition so that the supply of the heat source is continuously performed throughout the day. According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the method for utilizing an organic waste according to any one of the first to third aspects, when recovering a combustible gas obtained by thermally decomposing the organic waste,
A desalination treatment for removing chlorine contained in the combustible gas is performed, and the combustible gas after desalination is averaged by an accumulator and supplied to a subsequent stage. According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the method of utilizing an organic waste according to the first or fourth aspect, the condensate obtained by thermally decomposing the organic waste is collected in a storage tank. And a desalination treatment for removing chlorine contained in the condensate.

[0007] According to the constitution of the first to fifth aspects, the combustible gas obtained by thermally decomposing the organic waste in an oxygen-free atmosphere,
Before contacting with oxygen, dechlorination is performed to neutralize chlorine contained in combustible gas into an harmless compound with an alkaline liquid such as caustic soda, and condensate is mixed with a similar alkaline liquid to form condensate. The chlorine contained is removed by the dechlorination treatment for treating the chlorine therein and the oil-water separation treatment after the treatment, and it can be used as a fuel that does not generate dioxin even if it is burned. In addition, the operation to pyrolyze the organic waste is performed using nighttime electric power, the combustible gas generated during the operation and dechlorinated is used as an immediate heat source, and the dechlorinated condensate and the carbide are converted to organic. By using as a heat source during the shutdown of pyrolysis of municipal waste,
It becomes possible to supply a heat source continuously all day at a low running cost. Since the generation of combustible gas during the treatment is not uniform, it is desirable to uniformly discharge the gas through the accumulator. Also, if the heat energy from the combustible gas is insufficient, even during the operation of thermal decomposition of organic waste, use the condensate or carbide as a heat source to average the amount of heat source supplied throughout the day. Becomes possible.

Further, the condensate and the carbide can be transported to a remote place by packing them in a tank or a container.
It can be used as a heat source for distant facilities. Organic waste containing chlorine compounds such as polyvinyl chloride and polyethylene can be thermally decomposed in an oxygen-free atmosphere, depending on the pyrolysis temperature. The condensate and the remainder become combustible gas. These ratios tend to generate more condensate as the thermal decomposition temperature is lower. The energy of each product is about 5000 Kcal / Kg for carbide and about 100 for condensate.
00Kcal / Kg, flammable gas is about 7000Kcal /
Kg. This indicates that the product from organic waste can be used as a heat source.

Further, according to the experiment, the net electric energy for thermally decomposing 100 kg of organic waste was 10 Kw × 3 hours.
KHWH / Kg is the actually required power amount. And
Assuming that the amount and energy of the resulting product are as described above, the total energy of the combustible gas, condensate, and carbide is (5000 × 0.15 + 10000 × 0.65 + 70).
00 × 0.2) Kcal / Kg / 860Kcal / KW
H = 10 KWH, which means that about 16 times the energy input to the thermal decomposition was obtained, and a sufficient balance can be obtained in terms of energy.

For example, on the one hand, there is an organic waste containing chlorine compounds such as polyvinyl chloride and polyethylene used for farming, and on the other hand, when the greenhouse or the livestock house needs heating, the organic waste of the present invention is used. Apply the usage of
If a product obtained by thermally decomposing the organic waste is used as a heat source for heating, it is possible to eliminate the disposal of non-combustible refuse and obtain the advantage of two birds with one heat source for obtaining a heat source for heating.

[0011]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a main part of an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes an organic waste containing a chlorine compound such as polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene, and reference numeral 2 denotes a pyrolysis apparatus for thermally decomposing the organic waste 1 in an oxygen-free atmosphere. And a hermetic heating chamber having a combustible gas outlet and maintaining the interior in an inert gas atmosphere, and an induction coil for induction heating the heating chamber from the outside. The organic waste 1 thermally decomposed by the pyrolysis device 2 is taken out as a combustible gas, a condensate, and a carbide through a combustible gas line, a condensate line, and a carbide line, respectively. In the middle of the combustible gas line is a caustic soda solution,
A step of a dechlorination treatment 3 for neutralizing chlorine contained in the combustible gas is provided, and the combustible gas is burned by the gas burner 9 so that dioxin is not generated when used for the heating 7. An accumulator 6 for averaging the amount of combustible gas sent to the gas burner 9 is provided after the dechlorination process 3.

Further, the condensate line is also mixed with a caustic soda solution to neutralize chlorine contained in the condensate, and thereafter,
Dechlorination 4 through an oil / water separator (not shown)
And the condensate containing no chlorine is stored in the storage tank 8.
The oil is supplied to an oil burner 10 and supplied to a heater 7 as needed. In the carbide line, carbide is taken out as a residue after the combustible gas and condensate are taken out, and when the pyrolysis treatment unit 2 is a batch treatment unit, it is taken out after the end of the pyrolysis. Is sent to a primary storage location (not shown) via a foreign matter removal process 5 for separating metals in carbides by a metal separator or the like to which the metal is separated, and then sent to the combustor 11 as necessary to heat. Served like.

The condensate and the carbide after the dechlorination treatment are combined with the transport tank 1 as shown by the dashed line in the figure.
2, since it can be packed and transported in the transport container 13 or the like, it may be transported distantly and used at a desired place as a heating element. In the above description, the use of combustion heat is described only for heating, but the combustion heat can be used for another purpose such as power generation.

[0014]

According to the present invention, polyvinyl chloride,
Organic waste containing chlorine compounds such as polyethylene is thermally decomposed in an oxygen-free atmosphere, and chlorine, which may become a harmful substance, is neutralized before touching oxygen to change it into harmless substances. There is an effect that the volume can be reduced and the fuel can be used without causing the generation. Also, organic waste containing chlorine compounds such as polyvinyl chloride and polyethylene can be treated using inexpensive night-time electricity, and heat energy that is about 16 times the input power can be extracted. On the one hand, there is an organic raw waste, and on the other hand, when a heating heat source such as a house is necessary, there is an effect that the waste can be effectively used at low cost and without pollution.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a main part of an embodiment of the present invention.

[Description of Signs] 1 Organic waste 2 Pyrolyzer 3, 4 Dechlorination treatment 5 Foreign matter removal treatment 6 Accumulator 7 Heating 8 Storage tank 9 Gas burner 10 Oil burner 11 Combustor 12 Transport tank 13 Transport container

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI theme coat ゛ (Reference) C10K 1/12 C10K 1/12 4H060 C10L 1/00 C10L 1/00 5/48 5/48 (72) Invention Person Shizuo Hayashi 1-1-1 Tanabeshinda, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture F-term in Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. 4H060 AA01 BB03 BB23 CC04 DD13 FF04 GG08

Claims (5)

[Claims] An organic waste is pyrolyzed in an oxygen-free state.
Use of organic waste, characterized in that combustible gas, condensate, and carbide are generated, and the combustible gas, condensate, and carbide are dechlorinated and then used as a heat source for applications utilizing combustion heat. Method. 2. The method for utilizing organic waste according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus for thermally decomposing the organic waste has an openable and closable lid and a combustible gas outlet, and has an inert gas atmosphere inside. A method of utilizing organic waste, comprising: a closed-type heating chamber for holding the heating chamber, and an induction coil for induction-heating the heating chamber from the outside. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the pyrolysis of the organic waste is an intermittent operation, and the combustible gas generated during the pyrolysis is used as an immediate heat source, and the condensate, A method of using organic waste, wherein the carbide is used as a heat source during the stop of thermal decomposition so that the supply of the heat source is continued throughout the day. 4. The method for utilizing organic waste according to claim 1, wherein the combustible gas obtained by thermally decomposing the organic waste is recovered. A method for utilizing organic waste, comprising performing a desalination treatment for removing chlorine contained therein, and averaging a combustible gas after desalination with an accumulator and supplying the combustible gas to a subsequent stage. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the condensate obtained by thermally decomposing the organic waste is collected in a storage tank. A method for utilizing organic waste, comprising performing a desalination treatment for removing chlorine contained in water.