JP2002068867A - Granular fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a granular fertilizer which is excellent in the slow releasability of nitrogen and well grows agricultural and horticultural plants without desolation of soil and surrounding environment. SOLUTION: This fertilizer contains at least nitrate, urea or its derivative and magnesium oxide and the nitrate is coated with the magnesium oxide; the nitrate is potassium nitrate; the average diameter of the granular material is 1.0 to 3.5 mm and the amount of addition of the magnesium oxide is over 0.0 wt.% and below 3.0 wt.% by the total weight of the granular fertilizer.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a granular fertilizer suitable for use as a fertilizer for agricultural and horticultural.

[0002] In recent years, by the nitrogen component in the fertilizer, gradually decomposed and eluted in fertilized soil showed mild fertilization,
There is also a need for a fertilizer that can improve the growth of agricultural and horticultural crops by efficiently absorbing fertilizer components and reduce the number of fertilizations. In response to such demands, various slow-release nitrogen fertilizers have been developed, and typical examples thereof include nitrification inhibitor-added fertilizers, chemically synthesized slow-release nitrogen fertilizers, and coated nitrogen fertilizers. .

[0003] The nitrification inhibitor-added fertilizer is slow in effect by adding a third component such as thiourea in order to suppress the decomposition since nitrate nitrogen is easily decomposed in soil and is not adsorbed and retained in soil. It is the one with the property. Further, the chemically synthesized slow-release nitrogen fertilizer itself uses a nitrogen compound which is hardly soluble in water. Further, the coated nitrogen fertilizer is obtained by granulating a fast-acting nitrogen fertilizer and coating its surface. The mechanism of the slow-release effect of the fertilizer is that when water is immersed in micro cracks or pinholes on the surface of the coating film, readily soluble nitrogen slowly elutes into the fertilized soil.

In the case of coated nitrogen fertilizer, the initial elution time,
There are many conditions to be controlled, such as the elution temperature, and there is a problem that the application of fertilization is limited. As means for solving such problems, various proposals have conventionally been made, such as selection and combination of a coating agent and a binder, selection of a laminated structure, and setting of coating / granulation conditions.

On the other hand, fertilizers used for agricultural and horticultural purposes are:
Prevention of the degrading of the soil and surrounding environment and safety for humans and animals are required. In particular, fertilizers containing chloride may inhibit the growth of agricultural and horticultural crops.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present inventors have recently developed a method of coating a combination of nitrate, urea or a derivative thereof, and magnesium oxide to provide excellent nitrogen-relaxing effect and not degrade the soil and surrounding environment. It was found that a granular fertilizer capable of favorably growing agricultural and horticultural plants could be provided.

Therefore, the present invention has excellent nitrogen slowing effect,
An object of the present invention is to provide a granular fertilizer capable of realizing good growth of agricultural and horticultural plants.

[0008] The granular fertilizer according to the present invention comprises at least nitrate, urea or a derivative thereof, and magnesium oxide, wherein the nitrate is coated with the magnesium oxide. The nitrate is potassium nitrate, and the average diameter of the granular material is 1.0.
mm to 3.5 mm, and the added amount of the magnesium oxide exceeds 0.0% by weight based on the total weight of the granular fertilizer.
Less than 0% by weight.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Granular Fertilizer The granular fertilizer according to the present invention is a granular fertilizer in which nitrate, urea or a derivative thereof and magnesium oxide are combined. In particular, the granular fertilizer according to the present invention forms a very uniform granular material because it is obtained by coating a nitrate with magnesium oxide. As a result, the user can obtain the benefit of easy handling and storage and transportation at low cost. In addition, there is an effect that the problem of solidification of the fertilizer itself does not easily occur and the long-term storage stability is excellent. Furthermore, when the fertilizer according to the present invention is fertilized on nursery beds for agricultural and horticultural crops and soil in the field, it can provide a high concentration of nutrients to the soil, and uniformly fertilizes magnesium, which is one of the micronutrient components, on the soil. It is something that can be done.

Further, in the present invention, since chloride is not used as a component of the fertilizer, it is extremely preferable for plant growth as compared with a fertilizer using chloride (eg, magnesium chloride, potassium chloride). It is effective.

[0011] The average diameter of the granular fertilizer in the present invention is:
A range of about 0.5 mm to 5.0 mm, preferably 1.0
mm to about 3.5 mm. Further, in the present invention, “granular” refers to a concept including not only a true sphere, an ellipse, and the like, but also a polyhedral one.

1) Nitrate In the present invention, a nitrate of a metal belonging to an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal or an ammonium nitrate can be used as the nitrate. Specific examples of the alkali metal nitrate include potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate,
Barium nitrate is preferred, preferably potassium nitrate,
Sodium nitrate, more preferably potassium nitrate. These nitrates may be used alone or as a mixture of two or more. The amount of the nitrate added is about 85.0% to 95.0% by weight, preferably about 90.0% to 97.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the granular fertilizer.

2) Urea or a derivative thereof Urea or a derivative thereof is used in the present invention. Here, the urea derivative means a compound which forms a double salt or an adduct of urea with an acid, salt or organic compound. Specific examples of the urea derivative include urea nitrate, urea phosphate, urea oxalate, urea acetate, urea tartrate, urea malonate, urea nitrate, diacetyl urea, dibenzoyl urea, benzenesulfonylurea, trimethyl urea, triphenyl urea, Methyl (ethyl) urea and the like. In the present invention, it is preferable to use urea. The added amount of urea or a derivative thereof is 0.1% based on the total weight of the granular fertilizer.
0% by weight to less than 3.0% by weight, preferably 0.0%
The excess is about 2.0% by weight.

3) Magnesium oxide The granular fertilizer according to the present invention uses magnesium oxide as a constituent component. In the present invention, magnesium oxide is used as a material that forms a granular material by coating a nitrate. The added amount of magnesium oxide is in a range of more than 0.0% by weight and less than 3.0% by weight, preferably in a range of more than 0.0% by weight and less than 1.0% by weight based on the total weight of the granular fertilizer. is there.

4) Other Components The granular fertilizer according to the present invention is produced using the above-mentioned components, but may contain other components described below as necessary. Specific examples of other components include inorganic or organic fillers, emulsifiers, colorants, binders, lubricants, surfactants, saccharides, oxidation promoters, photodegradation aids, synthetic resins, natural resins, hardened oils, Type fatty acids, waxes, waxes, pesticides and the like.

Specific examples of the filler include calcium, sulfur, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron, molybdenum, silicic acid, talc, clay, bentonite, silica, diatomaceous earth, titanium oxide, starch and modified starch, agar, Xanthones are mentioned.

As the binder, acrylic resin, vinyl acetate resin, styrene-butadiene resin,
Examples include a vinyl chloride resin, an acrylic-styrene resin, a butadiene resin, a styrene resin, a crosslinked acrylic resin, a crosslinked styrene resin, a benzoguanamine resin, a phenol resin, a silicone resin, and an epoxy resin. Specific examples of monomers constituting these resins include:
Methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, isopropyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, n-amyl acrylate, isoamyl acrylate, n-hexyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, octyl acrylate, decyl acrylate, dodecyl acrylate, octadecyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, Acrylic esters such as phenyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate, and glycidyl acrylate; methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, isopropyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, n-amyl methacrylate, isoamyl methacrylate, n-hexyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate Leh , Octyl methacrylate, decyl methacrylate, dodecyl methacrylate, octadecyl methacrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, phenyl methacrylate, benzyl methacrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, methacrylic acid esters and the like;
And vinyl esters such as vinyl acetate; vinyl cyanide compounds such as acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile;
Halogenated monomers such as vinylidene chloride and vinyl chloride; styrene, 2-methylstyrene, vinyltoluene,
Aromatic vinyl monomers such as t-butylstyrene, chlorostyrene, vinylanisole and vinylnaphthalene; olefins such as ethylene, propylene and isopropylene; dienes such as butadiene and chloroprene; vinyl ether, vinyl ketone and vinylpyrrolidone Vinyl monomers.

The amount of the other components to be added can be appropriately determined so as to be adapted to the properties of the granular fertilizer according to the present invention.

Method for Producing Granular Fertilizer The granular fertilizer according to the present invention can be produced using a stirrer, a granulator, a sprayer, a dryer, a granulator, and the like. Specifically, after dissolving potassium nitrate in water, a slurry is prepared while stirring using a stirrer. Next, the prepared slurry is put into a granulator and granulated. While the granules and magnesium oxide separately supplied from a raw material supply source are put into a granulator / granulator and granulated / regulated, urea and a binder are sprayed from a sprayer to coat the granules. I do. After that, the granular material is dried by a dryer to obtain a granular fertilizer as an object. In addition, the time, temperature, and speed of raw material measurement, stirring, granulation, spraying, and drying can be appropriately determined.

[0020]

EXAMPLES The content of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples, but the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the following examples.

Production Example 1 of Granular Fertilizer A granular fertilizer was produced using the composition shown in the following table. Specifically, potassium nitrate was supplied together with water to a reaction vessel equipped with a stirrer, and stirred until a slurry was formed. Next, the slurry was placed in a granulator and granulated. Introduce the granulated material and magnesium oxide into a granulator equipped with a spray machine,
Urea was sprayed using a sprayer, and the surface of the granulated product was coated with magnesium oxide. Thereby, a granular fertilizer was obtained. The average diameter of the obtained granular fertilizer is 1.0 mm to 3.0 mm.
The range was about 0 mm.

Composition Table 99.7% by weight of potassium nitrate 0.8% by weight of urea 1.5% by weight of magnesium oxide

Comparative Example 1 In the above, a granular fertilizer comprising only potassium nitrate and urea was produced. Comparative Example 2 In the above, a granular fertilizer was produced by changing magnesium oxide to magnesium chloride.

Evaluation Test Evaluation 1: Presence or Absence of Magnesium Deficiency When the granular fertilizers of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were applied to potatoes, the presence or absence of magnesium deficiency in potato leaves was examined, and the following criteria were used. Judged by. The presence or absence of occurrence was determined based on the presence or absence of white leaves and brownish leaves on 10 leaves of one potato individual.
The soil used was the same for both. The result is
The results were as shown in the following table. Evaluation A: No occurrence of magnesium deficiency was observed in all leaves. Evaluation B: The occurrence of magnesium deficiency was observed in one to three leaves. Evaluation C: The occurrence of magnesium deficiency was observed in 4 to 7 leaves. Evaluation D: The occurrence of magnesium deficiency was observed in 8 to 10 leaves.

Evaluation 2: Presence or absence of bluish development of potato When the potatoes were fertilized with the granular fertilizers of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the presence or absence of bluish development of child potato was examined and judged according to the following criteria. The presence or absence of occurrence was determined based on the presence or absence of bluish child potato for 10 child potatoes in one potato individual. The soil used was the same for both. The results were as shown in the following results table. Evaluation A: No bluing occurred in all the child potatoes. Evaluation B: Blue tinting was observed in one to three child potatoes. Evaluation C: Blueness was observed in 4 to 7 child potatoes. Evaluation D: Blotting was observed in 8 to 10 child potatoes.

Result Table Examples Evaluation 1 Evaluation 2 Example 1 A A Comparative Example 1 C A Comparative Example 2 AC

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A granular fertilizer comprising at least nitrate, urea or a derivative thereof, and magnesium oxide, wherein the nitrate is coated with the magnesium oxide, and the nitrate is potassium nitrate. An average diameter of the granules is 1.0 mm to 3.5 mm, and an addition amount of the magnesium oxide is more than 0.0% by weight and less than 3.0% by weight based on the total weight of the granular fertilizer. Granular fertilizer.