JPH02196079A - Granular fertilizer multi-coated with agricultural material - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a fertilizer effective in accelerating the growth of plants, enhancing the quality and improving a culture ground by coating a coated granular fertilizer with a mixture of a film forming material with agricultural materials. CONSTITUTION:A coated granular fertilizer is coated with a mixture of a film forming material with agricultural materials. The weight ratio between the film forming material and the agricultural materials is within the range of 5:95-95:5. In accordance with the increase of the percentage of the film forming material, the adhesion of the agricultural materials is improved but the rate of leaching of the effective components from the coated granular fertilizer as the nucleus is reduced and the leachability and separability of the agricultural materials in the surface coat are deteriorated. Accordingly, the pref. weight ratio is 50:50-80:20. The used agricultural materials include a fertilizer, a soil conditioner, a fertilizing effect promoter, agricultural chemicals and a plant growth regulator.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention covers the surface of coated granular fertilizers having various slow-release degrees with a mixture of agricultural materials and film-forming materials. The present invention relates to a granular fertilizer multi-coated with agricultural materials that can be applied to a wide range of plant cultivation fields, in which the effects of agricultural materials coated on the surface of the granular fertilizer are added to the effects of the fertilizer, and the number of machines is doubled.

(Conventional technology) In recent years, advances in agricultural technology have led to the development of fertilizers that are less likely to cause concentration disturbances, have less runoff, can save labor by reducing the frequency of fertilization, and in particular, can supply nutrients that meet the needs of plants. This has attracted attention, and various fertilizers have been proposed, some of which are now in practical use.

In addition, for the healthy cultivation and management of plants, it goes without saying that it is desirable to use fertilizers that can supply nutrients in a well-balanced manner according to the needs of the plants. There are demands for improving agents, sterilizing culture media, insecticides, herbicides for controlling and controlling weeds as competing plants, and plant growth regulators that can regulate plant growth.

These agricultural materials are applied during or around the cultivation period of plants, and they have many things in common, such as the timing and location of application.

Therefore, in order to save labor, attempts have been made to apply products such as agrochemical fertilizers by mixing fertilizers and pesticides, blending granular products of each, and applying them in liquid form.

In addition, looking at fertilizers alone, there are blends of coated granular fertilizers with various slow-release degrees, blends of coated granular fertilizers and uncoated granular fertilizers, and slow-release fertilizers that include coated granular fertilizers as the core. It has been proposed to apply granular fertilizer by wrapping the surrounding area with immediate-release or slow-release fertilizer and granulating it.

In order to grow plants healthily, in addition to applying agricultural materials in appropriate amounts at the right time in cultivation management, by combining two or more types of agricultural materials, we can achieve synergistic effects and
There is a need for an application method that can save labor, ensure safe handling, and reduce environmental pollution.

As for combinations of two or more types of agricultural materials, attempts have been made to create products by blending different types of fertilizers and mixing pesticides and fertilizers, as described above.

However, in the case of blending, the complexity of operation, transportation,
Currently, only a limited number of combinations of materials can be used, as it is difficult to maintain uniformity of ingredients during application, such as when separating the paddy, and mixing fertilizers and pesticides can cause a decrease in efficiency due to chemical reactions. .

Studies have been conducted to solve these problems. For example, in Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-30680, a coated granular fertilizer is used as a core, and the surrounding area is wrapped with an arbitrary ratio of quick-release or slow-release fertilizer. We suggest granular fertilizer. However, in this granular fertilizer, since moisture is used when covering the surface of the coated granular fertilizer with fertilizer, a drying process must be provided, which complicates the process and causes deterioration due to heating.

Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 125631/1983 teaches a method of coating the surface of a coated fertilizer made of a thermosetting resin with a fertilizer containing a pH adjuster. This method causes deterioration of the outer layer membrane using fertilizer and a pH adjuster placed in the outer layer membrane, and elutes the fertilizer components in the outer layer membrane.
However, the same material as the inner layer is used as the coating material for the outer layer. This is related to the deterioration of not only the outer layer membrane but also the inner layer membrane during the storage period, and affects the acceleration of the elution of not only the fertilizer components in the outer layer membrane but also the components of the core coated fertilizer.

Furthermore, the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-30680, Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 6
In No. 1-125631, the fertilizer components coated on the surface of the coated granular fertilizer are all quickly separated from the fertilizer, resulting in a large difference in the rate of fertilizer effectiveness compared to the components in the fertilizer.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention provides a fertilizer that combines agricultural materials, which does not have the drawbacks seen in the conventional techniques described above. The idea is to provide fertilizer.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present inventors have discovered that the surface of the coated granular fertilizer, which is the core, can be coated with agricultural materials in the same way or in a simpler manner, and the core of the coated granular fertilizer. We investigated a film-forming material that has little effect on the elution of the coated granular fertilizer, does not significantly affect the effect of the agricultural materials in the coated outer layer, and can maintain the fertilizer effect. As a result, a film-forming material consisting of a film-forming material A group substance, which is mainly used in the core coated granular fertilizer, either alone or in a mixture with a film-forming material B group substance that has a modifying effect, was prepared using a solvent. The present invention was completed by coating the surface of the core coated granular fertilizer while dispersing fine powder of agricultural materials in a solution or a partial dispersion solution.

That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a multi-layer coated granular fertilizer obtained by coating a coated granular fertilizer with a mixture of a film-forming material and an agricultural material.

The agricultural material to be coated on the surface of the coated granular fertilizer is a substance that can be dissolved or dispersed in the solvent solution or partially dispersed solution of the film forming material.

Among the dispersed materials, particle size is extremely important for agricultural materials that are difficult to dissolve in water, and it is desirable to include particles with a larger particle size than the thickness of the film after film formation. If the particles are too fine, they will be incorporated into the membrane, significantly delaying the elution of the agricultural material or making it difficult to dissolve, and causing a delay in the elution of the core coated granular fertilizer.

The coated granular fertilizer, which is the core of the present invention, is applicable to those in various forms or made of various coating materials, including their manufacturing methods, and the film forming method used in the surface coating method of agricultural materials to the coated granular fertilizer. The same or different types of coating materials are used, and the manufacturing methods are also the same or different types of coating equipment [e.g., pan-type coating equipment, dry coating equipment, fluidized coating equipment (spouted bed type, fluidized bed type), dip coating equipment, etc.] ] is used.

The film-forming material used in the surface coating method of agricultural materials on the coated granular fertilizer is dissolved in a recoverable solvent in the coating process,
After recovering the solvent, it has the property of being able to retain agricultural materials in the film when forming a film, and it cannot be used in the coated granular fertilizer without suppressing the elution of the core components of the coated granular fertilizer. It is desirable that the coating material has properties that allow it to be decomposed earlier than other coating materials. Film-forming materials include olefin polymers, copolymers containing olefins, vinylidene chloride polymers, copolymers containing vinylidene chloride, diene polymers, waxes, petroleum resins, natural resins, oils and fats, and modified products thereof. Film-forming materials consisting of one or more selected substances from group A, or one or more substances selected from water-soluble resins such as ethyl cellulose, polyethylene glycol, and polyethylene oxide. A mixture with material B group is used.

Olefin polymers include polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene/propylene copolymer, polybutene, butene/ethylene copolymer, butene/propylene copolymer, polystyrene, etc. Copolymers containing olefins include:
Ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene/acrylic acid copolymer, ethylene/acrylic ester copolymer, ethylene/methacrylic acid copolymer, ethylene/methacrylic ester copolymer, ethylene/carbon oxide copolymer Polymers such as ethylene/vinyl acetate/carbon oxide copolymers, copolymers containing vinylidene chloride are vinylidene chloride/vinyl chloride copolymers, and diene polymers include:
These include butadiene polymers, isoprene polymers, chloroprene polymers, butadiene/styrene copolymers, EPDM polymers, styrene/isoprene copolymers, etc. Waxes include beeswax, wood wax, paraffin, etc. Resins include natural rubber, rosin, etc., and oils and fats and modified products thereof include cured products, solid fatty acids, metal salts, and the like.

Agricultural materials in the present invention include chemical substances used in necessary management to grow plants healthily, and specifically include fertilizers, soil conditioners, fertilizer effect enhancers, agricultural chemicals, and plant growth enhancers. Regulators and the like can be mentioned.

As a fertilizer, when coexisting in a coated granular fertilizer,
Components that become insolubilized and difficult to elute due to chemical reactions, such as magnesia, lime and iron, manganese, which easily react with phosphoric acid.
Trace salts such as copper and zinc, phosphates that elute more slowly than nitrogen components in coated granular fertilizers, or salts and organic fertilizers that are difficult to elute when used as coated granular fertilizers due to their non-water soluble nature. be.

Examples of soil conditioners include water-absorbing substances that have water-retaining properties to stabilize the elution of coated granular fertilizers, and alkaline earth metal oxides, hydroxides, and carbonates that correct soil pH.

Fertilizers include organic fertilizers that are effective in activating useful components such as phosphoric acid in soil, such as nitrofumic acid and its salts, organic acids such as citric acid and its salts, and the like.

Agricultural chemicals include herbicides as soil treatment chemicals, systemic insecticides, nematicides, and fungicides for soil diseases.

As a plant growth regulator, it can be used to improve plant growth through soil treatment.
Agents that can improve and control quality include, for example, oxygen generating agents such as lime peroxide, tea plant quality improving agents such as monoethylamine, stimulants, and growth promoters.

When coating the surface of the coated granular fertilizer with agricultural materials, the solution of the film-forming material in a solvent can be applied at a concentration within the range of 1.0 to 10.0%. In this case, the concentration of the film-forming material is important for good dispersion of agricultural materials, although the film-forming material may have a fractional composition, and the practically preferred concentration range is 2 to 5%. .

The ratio of film forming material to agricultural materials is 5:95 to 95:5 by weight.
It is possible within the range of The higher the proportion of film-forming material, the more
Although the adhesion of agricultural materials increases, there is a risk that the rate of component elution from the coated granular fertilizer, which is the core, and the elution separation of the agricultural materials coated on the surface may be impaired. The range of 50:50 to 80:20 is preferable because reducing the ratio will reduce the adhesion of agricultural materials.

As the manufacturing method of the present invention, Reikai Sho 62-197385
In other words, granular fertilizer is introduced into the fertilizer inlet of a jet tower having a fertilizer inlet and an exhaust gas outlet, and a jet is formed while passing hot air from a blower. It can be carried out using methods and devices that spray the liquid into the jet in atomized form through a fluid nozzle.

(Example) Next, some examples will be shown.

Example 1: In the case of magnesia and trace elements, a granular product (particle size 2.3
8 to 3.84 m+) using a jet coating device, using polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, and talc as the coating agent, perchloroethylene as the solvent, and octaoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether as the elution control agent. treatment, and as a nitrogen component, 25
A coated granular fertilizer was prepared that took 85 days to reach 80% dissolution rate in water at °C.

When coating the surface of this coated granular fertilizer with magnesium soil and trace element salts, for 110°Okg of the coated granular fertilizer,
A 5% perchloroethylene solution was prepared containing 1.0 kg of a film-forming material made of polyethylene and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (50:50 by weight), and 4.0 kg of the following magnesia and trace element salts. In addition, as magnesium oxide salt, 2.13 kg of oxidized magnesium, and as trace element salts, chelated iron 1.
23kg, manganese sulfate 0.21kg, copper sulfate 0.16
kg, zinc sulfate 0.05 kg, sodium molybdate 0.
A mixture consisting of 0.7 kg of sodium borate and 0.15 kg of sodium borate was used.

The weight ratio of these to the film-forming material is 1:4.

This was carried out in a jet coating equipment under a temperature condition of 70°C.
The coating treatment was carried out simultaneously with the production of the core coated granular fertilizer.

The results of investigating the component elution of the product and the coated granular fertilizer used as cores show that there is no major difference in terms of nitrogen and processing between the two fertilizers, but in the case of the product of the present invention, there is a tendency to slightly suppress initial elution. This was a desirable property in terms of fertilization management.

In addition, regarding the elution of phosphoric acid, the product of the present invention tended to be slightly delayed. Magnesium and trace components were eluted faster than the three main components.

Example 2 Using the same coated granular fertilizer and jet coating equipment as used in Example 1, production was carried out under the surface coating materials and operating conditions shown in Table 1.

*2 Concentration of film-forming materials and agricultural materials in solvent (%) Proportion of film-forming materials and agricultural materials in the product (%) Agriculture and forestry content refers to the actual content of agricultural materials in the product () The difference between 0 and 0, which indicates the theoretical content rate (1 addition rate x proportion of agricultural materials), indicates operational efficiency (adhesiveness), and particularly indicates the difference in efficiency depending on the type of film forming material.

(Effects of the Invention) By coating the surface of the existing coated granular fertilizer with agricultural materials, it is possible to create a product as a comprehensive layer material that has various functions and is easily compatible with efficient plant management.

In particular, it is easy to add value without impairing the physical properties of the core coated granular fertilizer, increasing its effectiveness, and surrounding it (by obtaining a synergistic effect with the effect of agricultural materials).
It has the effect of promoting plant growth, improving quality, and even improving the culture medium.

(Haka18) Procedural amendment March 3, 1989

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) A multi-coated agricultural material granular fertilizer characterized by covering a coated granular fertilizer with a mixture of a film-forming material and an agricultural material. (2) Mixing ratio of membrane material and agricultural materials is 5:95-95:
The agricultural material multi-coated granular fertilizer according to claim 1, which is No. 5. (3) Film-forming materials include olefin polymers, copolymers containing olefins, vinylidene chloride polymers, copolymers containing vinylidene chloride, diene polymers, waxes, petroleum resins, natural resins, oils and fats, and modified products thereof. A film-forming material of group A consisting of one or more substances selected from the following, or one selected from ethyl cellulose and water-soluble resins.
The agricultural material multi-coated granular fertilizer according to claim 1, which is a mixture with seeds or a film-forming material group B consisting of two or more kinds of substances. (4) The agricultural material multi-coated granular fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the agricultural material is at least one selected from fertilizers, soil conditioners, fertilizer effect enhancers, agricultural chemicals, and plant growth regulators.