JP2002063767A - Device for relieving defect of optical disk - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device for relieving defect of an optical disk with which a prescribed address in a buffer storage part can be accessed, without searching address information in the buffer storage part which stores information corresponding to the alternate sector of a defective sector from a defective sector management table. SOLUTION: When defective sectors 43 and 44 of the optical disk 40 are accessed, positional information on alternate sectors 45 and 46 written in the ID part of the defective sectors is detected with a converter 49 for detecting the positional information on the alternate sectors of the ID part of the defective sectors and converting it into address information in the buffer storage part. The positional information is converted into address information in the buffer storage part when performing informational read/write to the buffer storage part 47 instead of the alternate sector. Converted address information is stored in the addressing register 48 of the buffer storage part. Instead of reading and writing information by using the alternate sectors as substitutes for the defective sectors, the information is directly read and written according to address information held in the register 48 by using the buffer storage part 47.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a defect rescue apparatus for an optical disk which performs high-speed defect rescue processing in an information read / write operation of an optical disk apparatus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As one of defect rescue processing of an optical disk, information is recorded by adding an error correction code or the like. However, when a defect is large or a large number of defects exist, error correction cannot be performed. Correct information may not be obtained.
Therefore, when recording information, immediately after writing the information, the information is read to confirm whether the information has been correctly reproduced. At this time, if the information cannot be reproduced correctly, there is an alternative defect processing method in which this information is written in another alternative area.

Generally, each surface of an optical disc must be initialized before the user can use it. Find the defective part of the medium at initialization. There are various methods such as processing a found defective sector by a sector slip method, and processing a defective sector found after initialization by a linear replacement method.

Here, the sector slip method means that when there is a defective sector, the next succeeding sector is used instead. The linear replacement method refers to using a spare sector provided in another place instead of a defective sector.

As described above, according to the conventional method, when there is a defective sector, a sector in another place is used instead of the optical disk surface, so that reading and writing cannot be performed smoothly with rotation of the optical disk. That is, since the read / write head moves in search of the information holding area, the read / write cannot be performed as the optical disc rotates when there are many defective sectors.
There is a disadvantage that extra time is required for defect processing.

Next, an outline of a first conventional optical disk defect remedy apparatus using the sector slip method will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 conceptually shows tracks and sectors on an optical disk in this apparatus. In the figure, reference numeral 10 denotes an optical disk, and 11 and 12 denote tracks M, N, and 13 on which information on the optical disk 10 is stored. , 14 indicate defective sectors 1 and 2, and 15 and 16 indicate replacement sectors 1 and 2. In addition, a defective sector management area for managing the position of a defective sector or a replacement sector is separately provided, and a control circuit for executing a defect process is incorporated in a drive (not shown).

Next, an outline of the operation of the present apparatus will be described. First,
The optical disk 10 is mounted on the drive. Then, when the host device accesses a normal sector of the optical disc 10 having no defect, the information is read and written in the sector as it is. However, the defective sectors 13, 1 of the optical disc 10
When the access to the defective sector 13 is performed, the information is not read / written in the defective sectors 13 and 14 and the next sector, the replacement sector 1, is read in accordance with the information written in the defective sector management area.
Read and write at 5 and 16.

As described above, when there is a defective sector, reading / writing is performed by slipping to the next replacement sector. For this reason, when a large number of defective sectors are continuously present, reading and writing cannot be performed according to the rotation of the optical disk, which takes time.

Next, an outline of a second conventional optical disk defect remedy apparatus using the linear replacement method will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 2 conceptually shows tracks and sectors on the optical disk in the present apparatus. In the figure, reference numeral 20 denotes an optical disk, and 21 and 22 denote tracks M, N, and 23 on which information on the optical disk 20 is stored. , 24 indicate defective sectors 1 and 2, 25 and 26 indicate replacement sectors 1 and 2. In addition, a defective sector management area for managing the positions of defective sectors and replacement sectors is separately provided. In addition, the first
It is assumed that the control circuit for executing the defect processing is incorporated in a drive (not shown), as in the case of the apparatus described above.

Next, an outline of the operation of the present apparatus will be described. First,
The optical disk 20 is mounted on the drive. Then, when a higher-level device accesses a normal sector of the optical disk 20 having no defect, the information is read and written in that sector as it is. However, the defective sectors 23, 2 of the optical disc 20
4 is accessed, the read / write head is switched to the replacement sector 2 in accordance with the information written in the defective sector management area without reading / writing information in the defective sectors 23 and 24.
Move to 5 and 26 to read and write information.

As described above, when there is a defective sector, it takes a waiting time until the read / write head reaches the replacement sector. For this reason, there is a disadvantage that information cannot be read or written according to the rotation of the optical disk, and extra time is inevitably required every time a defective sector is accessed. This is extremely disadvantageous especially when there are many defective areas. Had become.

As a method of switching a defective sector to a replacement sector, there is a conventional method of using a buffer storage unit instead of the replacement sector.
An outline of the optical disk defect rescue apparatus will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 3 conceptually shows tracks and sectors on an optical disk and a storage unit in the present apparatus.
In the figure, 30 is an optical disk, and 31 and 32 are optical disks 30
Tracks M, N, 33, 34 storing the above information
Are defective sectors 1, 2, 35, and 36 are replacement sectors 1, 2,
Reference numeral 37 denotes a buffer storage unit. Here, it is assumed that the positions of the defective sector and the replacement sector are written in another defective sector management area. Further, it is assumed that the control circuit for executing the defect processing is incorporated in a drive (not shown).

Next, an outline of the operation of the present apparatus will be described. First,
The optical disk 30 is mounted on the drive. Then, according to the information written in the defective sector management area of the optical disk 30 by the automatic startup control of the drive itself, the optical disk 3
The information written in the replacement sector in place of the defective sectors 33 and 34 on 0 is transferred to the buffer storage unit 37.

When an upper-level device accesses a normal sector of the optical disk 30 having no defect, the information is read and written in that sector. However, when the defective sectors 33 and 34 of the optical disk 30 are accessed, the replacement sectors 35 and
Instead of reading and writing information at 36, data is read and written directly using the buffer storage unit 37.

As described above, even if there is a defective sector, it is not necessary to wait until the read / write head reaches the replacement sector and read / write data. That is, when the buffer storage unit is used, information can be read and written according to the rotation of the disk, and there is an advantage that the read and write time is shortened as in the case of accessing a normal sector.

When the reading and writing of information are completed and the use of the present optical disk is finished, the information content of the buffer storage unit 37 is stored in the replacement sector 3 according to the order of the defective sectors 33 and 34.
Write to 5,36.

Since the defect processing is performed by using the buffer storage unit as described above, it is particularly advantageous in terms of time when there are many defective sectors.

[0021]

However, when a buffer storage unit is accessed instead of a defective sector, the address of the buffer storage unit is specified by using a defective sector management table written on an optical disk. You must search for the address. For this reason, there is a disadvantage that it takes a certain amount of time to search.

The present invention has been made to solve such a conventional drawback. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for accessing a defective sector management table without having to access and refer to a defective sector management table even if a defective sector exists in an optical disk. By specifying and reading / writing an address in the buffer storage unit corresponding to a defective sector in accordance with the information written in the ID unit, a predetermined address in the buffer storage unit can be accessed instantaneously even if there is a defective sector, and An object of the present invention is to provide an optical disk defect rescue apparatus capable of reading and writing information in a rotating manner, requiring a short access time, and performing defect processing at high speed.

[0023]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an optical disk comprising: a plurality of sectors each comprising at least one bit of data arranged on a track; An optical disk storage device for reading and writing information in the sector based on relative movement of the sector, the optical disk includes a replacement sector for switching and using a defective sector among the plurality of sectors in sector units, and In the defect remedy device for an optical disk that reads and writes information from and to the sector as it is and reads and writes information to a buffer storage unit that temporarily stores information instead of a replacement sector, An optical disk in which the position information of the replacement sector is written in the ID portion of the sector is used. A register for storing address information in the buffer storage unit when reading and writing information from and to the buffer storage unit, and position information of a replacement sector of the defective sector written in an ID portion of the defective sector. Is converted into address information in the buffer storage unit and stored in the register.

Thus, even if a defective sector exists in the optical disk, the buffer storage corresponding to the defective sector is stored in accordance with the information written in the ID section of the replacement sector without accessing and referring to the defective sector management table one by one. Reading and writing can be performed by designating an address in the unit, and even if there is a defective sector, a predetermined address in the buffer storage unit can be accessed instantaneously, and information can be read and written as the optical disk rotates.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a semiconductor device in which a buffer storage unit and a register in the optical disk defect remedy apparatus according to the first aspect are built in a server connected to the optical disk apparatus and a user terminal via a network. It is installed via a bus in a high-speed storage device such as a memory or a magnetic disk.

Thus, the user can read and write information from and to the optical disk device connected to the network as the optical disk rotates.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the buffer storage unit and the register in the optical disk defect remedy apparatus according to the first aspect are connected to a server and an optical disk device connected to a user terminal via the first network. On the other hand, it is installed via a bus in a high-speed storage device such as a semiconductor memory or a magnetic disk connected via the second network.

Thus, the user can read and write information from and to the optical disk device connected via the network and the server as the optical disk rotates.

[0029]

FIG. 4 shows a first embodiment of the optical disk defect rescue apparatus according to the present invention.
Is an optical disk; 41 and 42 are tracks M and N on which information on the optical disk 40 is stored; 43 and 44 are defective sectors 1 and 2; 45 and 46 are replacement sectors 1 and 2; Buffer storage address specification register,
Reference numeral 49 denotes a replacement sector position information detector for the ID portion of the defective sector and a buffer storage unit address information converter.

Here, on the optical disk 40, it is assumed that the position information of the replacement sector to which the defective sector is transferred is written in the ID portion of the defective sector.

FIG. 5 shows the contents of one sector (information storage sector) on the optical disk.
A part (ID field) 52 is a data part (data field) in units of 1024 bytes. In the defective sector, data cannot be read from or written to the data section 52, but can be read or written to the ID section 51. Similarly to the above, the positions of the defective sector and the replacement sector are also written in another defective sector management area.

The buffer storage address specification register 48
The address information in the buffer storage unit 47 at the time of reading / writing information from / to the buffer storage unit 47 instead of the replacement sector is held. The detection of the replacement sector position information of the ID section of the defective sector and the buffer storage unit address information converter 49 detect the position information of the replacement sector of the defective sector written in the ID section of the defective sector and store it in the buffer storage unit. 4
7 and is stored in the register 48. These are incorporated in a drive (not shown) together with a control circuit for executing defect processing.

Next, an outline of the operation of the present apparatus will be described.

First, the optical disk 40 is mounted on the drive of the optical disk device. Then, in accordance with the information written in the defective sector management area of the optical disk 40 by the automatic startup control of the drive itself, the information written in the replacement sector instead of the defective sectors 43 and 44 on the optical disk 40 is stored in the buffer storage unit 47. Transfer to

When a higher-level device accesses a normal sector of the optical disk 40 having no defect, the information is read and written in that sector. However, when the defective sectors 43 and 44 of the optical disk 40 are accessed, as shown in FIG. 5, the position information of the replacement sectors 45 and 46 written in the ID section 51 of the defective sector is replaced with the defective sector ID. ID
The replacement sector position information is detected by the buffer storage unit address information converter 49, and the address information in the buffer storage unit 47 when reading / writing information from / to the buffer storage unit 47 instead of the replacement sectors 45 and 46 is used. After conversion, the converted address information is stored in the buffer storage unit address designation register 48.
To be stored.

Then, instead of reading and writing information in the replacement sectors 45 and 46 in place of the defective sectors 43 and 44, the buffer storage unit 47 is directly used according to the address information held in the buffer storage address specification register 48. To read and write information.

When the information has been read and written and the use of the present optical disk has been completed, the information content of the buffer storage unit 47 is stored in the replacement sectors 45 and 4 in accordance with the order of the defective sectors 43 and 44.
Write to 6.

As described above, even if there is a defective sector, it is not necessary to wait until the read / write head reaches the replacement sector and read / write. That is, when the buffer storage unit is used, information can be read and written according to the rotation of the disk, and there is an advantage that the read and write time is shortened as in the case of accessing a normal sector.

Further, the position information of the replacement sector to which the defective sector is transferred written in the ID section of the defective sector is converted, and
Since the defect processing is performed by specifying the address of the buffer storage unit, it is not necessary to refer to the defect management table of the optical disk one by one, which is particularly advantageous in terms of time when there are many defective sectors.

That is, conventionally, in order to check whether or not a certain sector is a defective sector, the defective sector management table has been referred to one by one. For example, when there are 2048 defective sectors, in order to search for the address of a specific defective sector, half the addresses are searched for, and 2048 = 2 ¹¹ , that is, 11
There was a disadvantage that the operation had to be performed twice. However, according to the present invention, in which the position information of the replacement sector written in the ID portion of the defective sector is referred to and converted into the address information of the buffer storage unit, the conversion can be instantaneously performed only by the conversion circuit, that is, only by switching the gate.

FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment of the optical disk defect rescue apparatus according to the present invention. Here, a buffer storage unit and a register in the optical disk defect rescue apparatus are connected to a LAN (local area network). It shows an example of installation on a server via a PC.

In FIG. 6, reference numeral 61 denotes an optical disk device comprising a disk and a drive (including a replacement sector position information detecting unit for a defective sector ID portion and a buffer storage unit address information converter in the first embodiment), and 62 denotes a semiconductor. A server provided with a storage device 62a that can read and write data at a higher speed than an optical disk storage device such as a memory or a magnetic disk, 63 is a user terminal, and 64 is a LAN bus connecting these devices.

Next, an outline of the operation of the present apparatus will be described.

First, an optical disk is mounted on the optical disk device 61. At that time, the information of the replacement sector, which is the correct storage information of the defective sector of the optical disk, is automatically written into the buffer storage unit incorporated in the storage device 62a of the server 62 via the bus 64 in the ID portion of the defective sector. The position information of the replacement sector is detected as described in the first embodiment, converted into address information in the buffer storage unit, and stored in a buffer storage unit address designation register incorporated in the storage device 62a. Is written to the area of the buffer storage unit in the storage device 62a specified by the following.

Next, when there is a read / write access from the user terminal 63 to the optical disk device 61, and if it is an access to a normal sector having no defect, the optical disk device 61 is directly accessed via the bus 64. Perform read / write operation.

On the other hand, if the access is to a defective sector, the position information of the replacement sector written in the ID section of the defective sector is detected as described in the first embodiment, and the address in the buffer storage section is detected. Convert to information and storage device 62
The data is stored in the buffer storage unit address designation register in a, and the read / write operation is performed by accessing the area of the buffer storage unit in the storage device 62a specified by the address information.

When the use of the optical disk device 61 is completed,
The correct information written in the buffer storage unit in the storage device 62a is written to the defect-free spare sector of the optical disk by the method described in the first embodiment.

FIG. 7 shows a second embodiment of the optical disk defect rescue apparatus according to the present invention, in which a buffer storage unit and a register in the optical disk defect rescue apparatus are replaced by a SAN (storage area network). An example is shown in which the device is installed on a storage device via an interface.

In FIG. 7, reference numeral 71 denotes an optical disk device comprising a disk and a drive (including a replacement sector position information detecting unit for the ID portion of a defective sector and a buffer storage unit address information converter in the first embodiment); Is a server; 74 is a user terminal; 75 is a storage device that can read and write data at a higher speed than an optical disk device such as a semiconductor memory or a magnetic disk; 76 is a LAN bus connecting the servers 72 and 73 to the user terminal 74; This is a SAN bus that connects the servers 72 and 73 and the storage device 75.

Next, an outline of the operation of the present apparatus will be described.

First, an optical disk is mounted on the optical disk device 71. At that time, the information of the replacement sector, which is the correct storage information of the defective sector of the optical disk, is automatically transferred to the buffer storage unit 75a incorporated in the storage device 75 through the bus 77, and the replacement sector written in the ID of the defective sector is written. Is detected as described in the first embodiment, is converted into address information in the buffer storage unit 75a, and is stored in the buffer storage unit address designation register 75b incorporated in the storage device 75. Is written to the area of the buffer storage unit 75a specified by the above.

Next, when there is a read / write access from the user terminal 74 to the optical disk device 71, and if it is an access to a normal sector having no defect, the access is made through the bus 76 and further through the server 72 to the bus 77. Through
The read / write operation is performed by directly accessing the optical disk device 71.

On the other hand, if the access is to a defective sector, the position information of the replacement sector written in the ID section of the defective sector is detected as described in the first embodiment, and the data is detected in the buffer storage unit 75a. The data is converted into address information, stored in the buffer storage unit address designation register 75b, and the area of the buffer storage unit 75a specified by the address information is accessed via the server 72 or 73 to perform a read / write operation.

When the use of the optical disk device 71 is completed,
The correct information written in the buffer storage unit 75a is
In the method described in the first embodiment, the data is written to the defect-free spare sector of the optical disk.

Generally, an optical disk has an unavoidable defective sector. Therefore, when reading and reproducing video data stored in the optical disk, defect information due to the defective sector, that is, a streak or the like can be seen in a horizontal scanning line. is there. If the defective sector remedy method according to the present invention is applied at the time of reproducing the video data of such an optical disk, the defective sector is instantly switched to the alternative storage, the correct data can be read, and the reproduced image has no defect. That is, there is no streak or the like in the video information, correct data can be read continuously, and the screen is not disturbed. For this reason, if this method is used, switching to the replacement sector can be instantaneously performed by hardware only with the conversion circuit without waiting time.

Here, the required storage capacity of the buffer storage unit is, for example, 1024 bytes per sector.
If there are 2048 replacement sectors, only 16 Mbits is required. That is, a 16 megabit RAMIC which is a random access memory currently on the market.
A simple and economical method is conceivable, for example, only one is required.

[0057]

As described above, normally, in the information read / write operation of the optical disk device, when a defective sector exists in the information track, it is necessary to replace the spare alternative buffer storage unit and save the information contents. Since the replacement sector of the defective sector has to be searched by referring to the defective sector management table one by one, there is a disadvantage that the search takes time. In particular, it took extra time when there were a large number of replacement sectors.

However, according to the present invention, when a defective sector exists, the position information of the replacement sector written in the ID section of the defective sector is read, and the position information is converted into address information of the buffer storage unit and designated. By reading and writing the designated address, defect repair processing of the optical disk can be performed at high speed. For this reason, the present system has an effect that even if there are many defective sectors, there is almost no effect on information transfer.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of a conventional first optical disk defect remedy device.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of a conventional second optical disk defect rescue apparatus.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of a third conventional optical disk defect rescue apparatus.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a first embodiment of the optical disk defect rescue apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram showing the contents of one sector on an optical disc;

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing a second embodiment of the optical disk defect remedy apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing a third embodiment of the optical disk defect remedy apparatus of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

10, 20, 30, 40: optical disk, 11, 21, 3
1,41: data track M, 12, 22, 32, 4
2: data track N, 13, 23, 33, 43: defective sector 1, 14, 24, 34, 44: defective sector 2, 1
5, 25, 35, 45: Alternate sector 1, 16, 26, 3
6, 46: replacement sector 2, 37, 47, 75a: buffer storage unit, 48, 75b: buffer storage unit address designation register, 49: detection of replacement sector position information of defective sector ID unit and buffer storage unit address information converter , 51: 1 sector ID part, 52: 1 sector data part, 61, 71:
Optical disk device, 62, 72, 73: server, 62a,
75: storage device, 63, 74: user terminal, 64, 7
6: LAN bus, 77: SAN bus.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) G11B 7/004 G11B 7/004 C 20/10 20/10 CD 20/18 550 20/18 550F 552 552A (72) Inventor Manabu Yamamoto 2-3-1 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo F-term in Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation (reference) 5B005 JJ01 MM11 UU04 WW02 WW14 5B065 BA03 CE12 EA15 5D044 BC06 CC04 CC09 DE03 DE12 DE38 DE47 DE57 DE63 DE65 GK12 5D090 AA01 BB04 CC06 CC14 CC18 DD03 FF27 FF30 GG30

Claims (3)

[Claims] An optical disk device for reading and writing information in said sector based on a relative movement between an optical disk in which a plurality of sectors each comprising at least one bit of data are arranged on a track and a head; The optical disk includes a replacement sector for switching between the defective sector and the sector among the plurality of sectors for use. For a normal sector, information is read / written from / to the sector as it is. In a defect remedy device for an optical disk that reads and writes information from and to a buffer storage unit that temporarily stores information instead of a sector, an optical disk in which position information of a replacement sector is written in an ID portion of the defective sector is used. Buffer storage when reading / writing information from / to buffer storage instead of And the position information of the replacement sector of the defective sector written in the ID portion of the defective sector is detected, converted into the address information in the buffer storage unit, and stored in the register. A defect remedy apparatus for an optical disk, comprising: 2. A buffer storage unit and a register in the optical disk defect remedy apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the buffer storage unit and the register are connected to an optical disk apparatus and a user terminal via a network by a high-speed semiconductor memory or a magnetic disk. An optical disk defect remedy device installed in a storage device via a bus. 3. A buffer storage unit and a register in the optical disk defect remedy apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the buffer storage unit and the register are connected to a user terminal via a first network and an optical disk apparatus via a second network. An optical disk defect remedy device, which is installed via a bus in a high-speed storage device such as a connected semiconductor memory or magnetic disk.