JP2002059275A - Method for manufacturing structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To excellently perform friction-agitation welding simultaneously along a plurality of rows of welding lines even when some parts unnecessary for the friction-agitation welding coexist. SOLUTION: Rotary tools 340A and 340B are set corresponding to two welding lines. At the part where the welding is performed along two welding lines, the two rotary tools are inserted into a welding part, and simultaneously moved. At the position P1 of a window 210, the rotary tool 430A is retreated from the welding part to stop the friction-agitation welding. The rotary tool 340B continues the friction-agitation welding. At the position P4, the rotary tool 340A is lowered and is inserted into a predetermined position, then the lowering is stopped.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a structure by a friction stir welding method, and is suitable, for example, for manufacturing a vehicle body of a railway vehicle.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a friction stir welding method, a round bar (referred to as a rotary tool) inserted into a joint is moved along a joining line while rotating, so that the joint is heated, softened, plastically fluidized, and solid-phased. It is a joining method. The rotary tool has a small-diameter portion into which the joint is inserted, and a large-diameter portion located outside. The small diameter part and the large diameter part are coaxial. The boundary between the small diameter portion and the large diameter portion is slightly inserted into the joint. The rotary tool is tilted backward with respect to the direction of joining.

[0003] The body of a railway vehicle is constructed by friction stir welding a plurality of extruded members. The longitudinal direction of the extruded profile is oriented in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body. The width direction of the extruded members is arranged along the circumferential direction of the vehicle body. An opening such as a window is vacant on the side surface of the vehicle body thus configured.

[0004] This is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 09-309164 (EP0797043A2).

[0005]

Since the height of one window of the vehicle body is greater than the width of one extruded profile, the windows are formed in two or three extruded profiles. For this purpose, extruded profiles provided with cutouts substantially along the windows are arranged and joined.

The friction stir welding apparatus for a vehicle body includes a bed on which a plurality of extruded members are placed, and a traveling body on which a plurality of rotating tools are suspended. A plurality of rotating bodies are moved by a traveling body, and a plurality of pushers. This friction stir welding apparatus for a vehicle body includes a bed on which a plurality of extruded members are placed, and a traveling body on which a plurality of rotating tools are suspended. A plurality of rotating bodies are moved by the traveling body, and a plurality of extruded members are simultaneously joined.

In a case where a plurality of rotating tools suspended from a traveling body are simultaneously joined, when the first rotating tool reaches the position of the window, the first rotating tool is retracted from the extruded member to stop friction stir welding. . The second to join the parts without windows
The rotary tool continues friction stir welding. When the rotary tool has moved to the position at the other end of the window, the first rotary tool is inserted into the joint and friction stir welding is resumed.

An object of the present invention is to provide a good friction stir welding in a short time in such a case.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to move a rotary tool relative to a member to be welded in a state where the rotary tool is inserted into each of two joining lines, and to perform friction stirring. Starting the joining, and then, at the first position where the respective rotating tools are in the middle of the movement, the one rotating tool starts retreating away from the member to be joined; While the rotating tool is in the middle of the movement and at a second position beyond the welded portion at the beginning of the joining line of the one rotating tool, the one rotating tool is moved and rotated while This can be achieved by initiating insertion into the member and then substantially retaining its insertion depth by inserting said one rotary tool into position.

[0010]

1 to 4 show an embodiment of the present invention.
This will be described below. It is an example of a vehicle as a structure. The vehicle body includes a side structure 201 forming a side surface, a roof structure 202 forming a roof, an underframe 203 forming a floor, and an end structure 204 forming an end in a longitudinal direction. The side structure 201, the roof structure 202, and the underframe 203 are each formed by joining a plurality of extruded members. The longitudinal direction of the extruded profile is set to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body. The extruded profile is a hollow profile made of an aluminum alloy.

The side structure 201 includes extruded members 10, 2
It consists of 0, 30, and 40. There is a window 210 in the extruded profiles 20,30. The entrance 220 of the side structure 201 is in the extruded profiles 10, 20, 30, 40. After joining the extruded members 10, 20, 30, and 40 to the entrance 220, the frame is often welded. The window 210 is similar. Extruded profiles 10, 20, 3 at doorway 220
0 is cut off in the middle.

The side structure 201 is composed of four extruded members. In the case of a hollow extruded member, the extruded members are composed of a larger number of extruded members. Also, window 210 may be comprised of three extruded members. In this case, the central extruded section is cut in the middle.

The configuration of the extruded member of the side structure 201 will be described. Here, the extruded members 20 and 30 will be described. The same applies to the other profiles 10 and 40. The extruded sections 20, 30 are hollow sections. Hollow profiles 20, 30
Are two face plates 21, 22, 31, 32, and a plurality of ribs 23 for connecting the two,
33 and 2 at the end (joint) in the width direction of the hollow profile.
And support plates 24 and 34 for connecting the two face plates.

Convex portions 25, 35 protruding outside the face plates are provided at ends (joined portions) in the width direction of the face plates 21, 22, 31, 32.
Having. At the end in the width direction of the hollow profile 30, there are protruding pieces 36, 36 protruding toward the other hollow profile 20.
The projecting pieces 36, 36 are interposed between the face plates 21, 22 of the hollow profile 20. The ends of the face plates 21, 22 of the hollow profile 20 rest on the projecting pieces 36, 36. The protruding piece 36 is a rotary tool 340
It becomes a seat that supports the insertion force of

The widths of the convex portions 25 and 35 are the same. The end face of the convex portion 35 facing the convex portion 25 is within the width of the thickness of the support plate 34. The rotation axis of the rotary tool 340 of the friction stir welding device 330 is positioned at the center of the two convex portions 25 and 35.

Extruded profile 1 constituting side structure 201
Reference numerals 0, 20, 30, and 40 are mounted on and fixed to a bed 310 of the friction stir welding apparatus 300. The traveling body 320 travels above the plurality of extruded profiles. The traveling body 320 travels on rails 329 on both sides of the bed 310. The girder 321 of the traveling body 320 has three friction stir welding devices 33.
0 is suspended. The friction stir welding apparatus 330 has a rotating tool 340 suspended from the lower end. Each of the friction stir welding devices 330 is configured to travel along the girder 321 and to rotate the rotary tool 3.
The lifting and lowering of the rotary tool 40 and the rotation of the rotary tool 340 can be performed independently.

Each friction stir welding apparatus 330 has an optical sensor. The optical sensor detects the distance to the tops of the projections 25 and 35 and sets the insertion amount of the rotary tool 340 to a predetermined value. Further, the sensor detects the width of the two convex portions 25 and 35, and makes the axis of the rotary tool 340 coincide with the center thereof.

An extruded section 20 provided with a window 210;
An opening (notch) substantially in the shape of a window is provided in advance at the position of the window in the window 30. This is provided by cutting the extruded members 20, 30.

The extruded profiles 10, 20, 30 provided with the entrance 220 are cut and arranged at intervals of the entrance. The extruded profile 40 constituting the upper end of the entrance 220 is provided with an opening (notch) substantially in the shape of the entrance in advance. This is provided by cutting the extruded profile 40.

The notch of the window 210 will be described. The joint between the extruded members 20 and 30 has a start and end of a joint line in the window 210. For this reason, the extruded members 20 and 30 near the joining line are cut while leaving pieces 28, 38, 29 and 39 protruding into the window 210.
The width of the pieces 28, 38, 29, 39 is a size having the support plates 24, 34 and the convex portions 25, 35.

The notch forming the entrance 220 is the same. Extruded sections 10, 20, 30, and 40 are cut leaving pieces. The above-mentioned pieces are also provided at both ends of the side structure 201 in the longitudinal direction.

The hollow members 10, 20, 30, and 40 are placed on a bed 310 and fixed to the bed 310 with a jig. Once fixed, hollow profiles 10, 20, 30, 4
The protrusions 25 and 35 of the respective butting portions 0 are temporarily fixed intermittently along the joining line by arc welding. The extreme ends of the start and end pieces 28, 38, 29, and 39 of the joining line are temporarily fixed by arc welding. W indicates temporary fixing welding. In particular, the temporary fixing weld W at the start end is
And the surface at the end of the hollow profile in the longitudinal direction. The range of the temporary welding W on the endmost surface is the convex portion 25,
The range is from the upper surface of 35 to the projecting piece 36. The temporary fixing welding W is performed without providing a V-shaped groove, that is, an I-shaped groove.

The upper surface of the bed 310 has an arc shape along the side surface of the vehicle body. Since the fixing (connection) of the hollow profile in the width direction is performed by the temporary fixing welding W, the predetermined arc-shaped fixing (connection) can be performed.

In this state, friction stir welding is started from one end in the longitudinal direction of the hollow profile. The rotating tools 340 are lowered and inserted into the convex portions 25 and 35 at the start end of the joining line while rotating. The insertion position is closer to the end of the joining line than the position of the temporary welding W at the end of the piece. The insertion position can be said to be the position P4 or P5 of the rotary tool 340A in FIG.

The tip of the small diameter portion 341 of the rotary tool 340 is inserted until it reaches the upper surface of the projecting piece 36. Rotary tool 340
The lowermost position of the large diameter portion 342 of each of the face plates 21 and 31 (2
2, 32) and the tops of the projections 25, 35.
The position of the axis of the rotary tool 340 is between the two convex portions 25 and 35. The axes of the small diameter portion 341 and the large diameter portion 342 are the same. The small diameter part is a screw.

After the insertion at a predetermined depth, the traveling body 320 having a plurality of friction stir welding devices 330 is started to travel toward the other end, and friction stir welding is performed.

Next, the operation of the friction stir welding apparatus 330 around the window 210 and the entrance 220 will be described with reference to FIG. Here, the window 210 is targeted. The rotary tool 340 of the joining line with the window 210 is “340A”, and the rotating tool 340 of the joining line without the window 210 is “340B”. The rotary tools 340A, 340B are collinear. The rotary tools 340A and 340B move from left to right in FIG.

When the friction stir welding from the end of the extruded section proceeds and the rotary tools 340A and 340B reach the positions P1 of the pieces 28 and 38 of the window 210, the rotary tool 340A is rotated while rotating the rotary tool 340A. With respect to the hollow profile. That is, the rotary tool 340A is raised. Traveling (moving) is continuing. Therefore, the rotary tool 340A gradually rises. After friction stir welding, the piece 28,
38 cuts. Therefore, when the position P1 is on the upstream side of the pieces 28 and 29, the joining depth is set to a position where there is no problem in terms of strength. The position P1 is obtained based on the traveling amount of the traveling body 320. The position P1 is determined in advance.

The rotary tool 340B at the position without the window 210 is not raised. The rotary tool 340B continues to move, and continues friction stir welding.

While rotating in this manner, the rotary tool 340A
, The running of the rotary tools 340A and 340B is not stopped, and the rotary tools 340A are
Since it can be removed from zero, the time for joining can be reduced.

When the rotary tool 340A rises to a predetermined position (position P2), the rotation of the rotary tool 340A is stopped. The ascending position of the rotary tool 340A is a height position that does not interfere with the convex portions 25 and 35. The friction stir welding stops when the small diameter portion 341 of the rotary tool 340A is pulled out (retracted) from the convex portions 25 and 35.

When the rotary tools 340A and 340B reach the other end of the window 210, that is, the inside ends 29 and 39 of the joint, the rotary tool 340A is lowered while rotating.
Insert to the specified depth. Rotating tool 34 on pieces 29, 39
The insertion position P4 of 0A is inside (downstream side) of the temporarily fixed welded portion W.

Since the rotary tool 340A is moving down and running, the joining depth gradually increases. Rotary tool 340A
Is stopped when the insertion amount of the
5). As a result, friction stir welding with a constant depth is performed. The position P5 at which the insertion amount becomes steady is within the pieces 29 and 39. This is for cutting the pieces 29 and 39 after joining. The insertion amount of the rotary tool 340A is controlled to a predetermined value by the optical sensor.

While rotating as described above, the rotary tool 340A
Is lowered, the traveling of the rotary tools 340A and 340B is not stopped, and the rotary tools 340A are
Since it is inserted at 0, the time for joining can be reduced.

Since the inside of the ends of the pieces 29 and 39 with respect to the temporarily fixed welded portion W is the insertion position of the rotary tool 240A,
The temporary welding is not cut, and the interval between the joining lines does not greatly increase. For this reason, good joining can be performed.

Although the distance between the two members at the insertion position of the rotary tool 340 (the start end of the joining line) is easy to increase, the protrusion 25,
In addition to temporarily fixing the upper surface of 35, pieces 29, 39
Is temporarily welded in the thickness direction. For this reason,
The starting end can be firmly connected. Therefore, it is possible to easily prevent the starting end from expanding.

There are also pieces 29 and 39 at the ends of the hollow members 20 and 30, that is, at the first insertion positions of the rotary tools 340 A and 340 B.
The insertion positions of 0A and 340B are the same as in the case of the rotary tool 340B. For this reason, the length of the piece can be reduced as compared with the case where only the upper surface of the hollow section is temporarily welded W. For this reason, the length of the hollow profile can be reduced.

The same applies to the next window 210. Also,
The same applies to the raising and lowering of the rotary tool 340 at the entrance 220. Note that not all rotating tools 340 need be on the same line.

After joining to the other end in this way, the structure composed of a plurality of hollow members is inverted, and friction stir welding is performed in the same manner as described above. The convex portion on the outer surface side of the vehicle body is cut to be flush with the face plate.

The embodiment shown in the figure comprises seven hollow profiles 10,
This is a case where one side structure 201 is manufactured by 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70. Rotary tools 340, 3
40 and 340 are arranged at every other joining line. The holding devices 350 and 460 are at positions corresponding to the rotary tool 340. First, hollow profiles 10 and 20, 30 and 40, 50 and 6
0 bonding lines are bonded. Next, the hollow members 20 and 30, 4
The joining lines of 0 and 50 and 60 and 70 are joined.

According to this, since every other joining line is joined, the interval between the friction stir welding devices 330 can be increased. Therefore, the friction stir welding apparatus 330 can be made sufficiently large in terms of strength.

The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the language described in each claim or the language described in the section for solving the problem, and is easily replaced by those skilled in the art. It extends to a range.

[0043]

According to the present invention, when a plurality of rows of welding lines are simultaneously subjected to friction stir welding, a portion where there is no member to be welded or a portion which does not require friction stir welding and a portion to be joined are mixed. In this case, good friction stir welding can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an operation explanatory diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a friction stir welding apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a structure.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a vehicle body of a railway vehicle.

[Explanation of symbols]

10, 20, 30, 40: hollow member, 201: side structure,
202: roof structure, 203: underframe, 210: window, 30
0: friction stir welding equipment, 320: traveling body, 330: friction stir welding apparatus, 340, 340A, 340B: rotary tool

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Kazunari Fukuyoro 794, Higashi-Toyoi, Katsumatsu-shi, Yamaguchi Prefecture Inside Hitachi Kasado Machine Industry Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Akihiro Sato 7-1, Omika-cho, Hitachi City, Ibaraki No. 1 F term in Hitachi Research Laboratory, Hitachi, Ltd. (reference) 4E067 AA05 BG00 DA13 DC07 DD02 EA00 EB00

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. In a state where a rotary tool is inserted into each of two welding lines, the respective rotary tools are relatively moved with respect to a member to be welded to start friction stir welding. The first of the rotating tools is in the middle of the movement.
At the position, the one rotary tool starts retreating away from the member to be welded, and then, while the respective rotary tools are in the middle of the movement, the start end of the joining line of the one rotary tool At a second position beyond the welded portion, the insertion of the one rotating tool into the member to be joined is started while performing the movement and rotation. Next, the one rotating tool is inserted into a predetermined position. And substantially maintaining the insertion depth by performing the method. 2. The method of manufacturing a structure according to claim 1, wherein
The method according to claim 1, wherein the first position and the second position are positions that are cut and removed after the friction stir welding.