JP2002059239A - Method for producing metallic part and its production apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide metallic parts excellent in mass-productivity without generating defect on the surface. SOLUTION: When the metallic parts are produced by using a cartridge die incorporated in a forging apparatus and forming plural spaces, a method for producing the metallic parts has the peculiarity, in which a process for laying a blank on the cartridge die, a process for fixing the cartridge die to the forging apparatus and forging and a process for fixing the cartridge die to a knock-out table and taking out the metallic part, are minimumly arranged in order.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for efficiently manufacturing metal parts and an apparatus for manufacturing the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, relatively small metal parts are often formed by cutting from a bar or by die casting, but the former has some problems in mass productivity.
The latter has a problem that the surface has a defect due to a pinhole or the like due to the entrainment of air during casting and the yield is poor.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned problems, and has been made in consideration of the above-described problems in manufacturing a metal part using a cartridge die used in a plurality of steps for forming a space. The process of introducing materials into multiple spaces,
The process of fixing the cartridge die to the forging device and forging,
A method of manufacturing a metal component, characterized in that steps of fixing the cartridge die to the knockout table and taking out the metal component are provided at least sequentially.

According to the present invention, by sequentially arranging the cartridge dies in each step, the operation of each step can be simplified, and an apparatus capable of producing metal parts excellent in mass productivity and excellent in surface condition can be provided. . In addition, since the material of the material can be kept warm by hot and warm forging by moving the cartridge die, there is an advantage that reheating is not required.

Further, the speed of the entire process can be increased by using a transfer means such as a belt conveyor or a turntable for moving the cartridge die to the next process.

Further, continuous molding can be easily performed by returning the cartridge die from which the metal parts have been removed to the original position and repeatedly using the same. In this case, it is desirable to use a plurality of cartridge dies.

[0007] The forging process is any one of cold, warm and hot forging.

Further, a step of applying a lubricant to the cartridge mold is added before the step of forging.

In addition, when performing the warm or hot forging, a step of heating the cartridge mold alone or the cartridge mold in which the material is placed is added before the forging step.

[0010] Further, when the temperature difference between the material, the mold and the punch during processing is set to 20 ° C or less, good forging can be performed without hindering the extensibility of the material.

Further, by setting the processing temperature to 300 to 550 ° C., it is possible to prevent the mold and the equipment from being deteriorated due to the temperature.

Further, when the apparent Zn content is used in the following sense, the material contains an apparent Zn content of 37 to 50 wt% and Sn of 0.5 to 7 wt%. {(B + tQ) / (A + B + tQ)} × 100 A: Cu content (wt%), B: Zn content (wt
%), T: Zn equivalent of Sn, Q: Sn content (wt%)

In addition, at least one of the following crystal structures:
One that satisfies one. The crystal structure includes at least a γ phase and the area ratio is 1 to 50%. The crystal structure includes at least the β phase and the γ phase, the area ratio of the β phase is 25 to 45%, and the area ratio of the γ phase is 25. The crystal structure has an area ratio of the α phase of 30 to 75%, the area ratio of the β phase is 0 to 55%, and the area ratio of the γ phase is 1 to 50%. Crystal grain size of 5μm or less

When the material has an apparent Zn content in the following sense, it contains an apparent Zn content of 37 to 50 wt%, Sn of 0.5 to 7 wt%, and {(B + t Q) / (A + B + tQ)} × 100 A: Cu content (wt%), B: Zn content (wt
%), T: Zn equivalent of Sn, Q: Sn content (wt%) At least one of the following crystal structures is satisfied. The crystal structure includes at least a γ phase and the area ratio is 1 to 50%. The crystal structure includes at least the β phase and the γ phase, the area ratio of the β phase is 25 to 45%, and the area ratio of the γ phase is 25. The crystal structure has an area ratio of the α phase of 30 to 75%, the area ratio of the β phase is 0 to 55%, and the area ratio of the γ phase is 1 to 50%. Crystal grain size of 5μm or less

By using the above-mentioned materials, sufficient ductility can be ensured even at a low temperature of 300 to 550 ° C. even when plastic deformation is caused while recrystallization occurs in a low temperature range. Complex shapes such as faucet fittings can also be molded.

Also, means for introducing a material into a cartridge mold having a plurality of spaces formed therein, forging means for filling the space into the material and forming a metal part, and removing the molded metal part from the cartridge mold. And a transfer means for sequentially transporting the cartridge molds to the respective means.

[0017]

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the steps of the present invention. This step disclosed the main steps,
Depending on the form of forging, ie, cold, warm, or hot forging, it is possible to add necessary steps as appropriate. That is, it is appropriate to add a step of applying a lubricant to a material or a mold, or to add a step of heating a cartridge mold (including after the material is placed) in hot forging. If burrs occur after molding, a step of removing burrs may be added.

Hereinafter, the operation of each step will be described in detail. Figure
FIG. 2A is a view for explaining a main part of a forging apparatus for processing a metal part.
And a lower mold 5 in which a solid mold 3 for fixing a cartridge mold to be described later and a knockout pin 4 are arranged so as to be movable back and forth. Reference numeral 6 is a space for accommodating the cartridge mold. FIG. 2B is a sectional view of a main part taken along line XX of FIG.

FIG. 3 shows a cartridge die 7 housed in the space 6 of the forging apparatus described above, which has a space 8 in the form of a metal part and a space 9 for introducing the knockout pin 4.

Next, the state of each step of the cartridge mold 7 will be described with reference to FIGS. The present embodiment is an example in which hot forging is described, and the present invention can be applied to cold and warm forging as described above.

As shown in FIG. 4, the forging material 7 is moved by a transfer means 12 such as a belt conveyor via a heating means 10 such as a high-frequency furnace, and is moved by a transfer means 13 at a position of a transfer means 13 such as a robot. 13 is introduced into the plurality of spaces 8 of the cartridge mold 7. It is desirable to receive more than one space to increase mass productivity, but one space is acceptable.
(See FIG. 5) The forging material 11 is prepared, for example, by cutting a linear material into a block-shaped forging material 11. The forging material is coated with a lubricant such as graphite by dipping. Next, the cartridge die 7 containing the forging material 11 is transferred to the position of the forging device 15 via the heating furnace 14 by the transfer means 12 (turntable). First, when the cartridge mold 7 moves to the vicinity of the lower mold 5, the two fixed molds 3 hold the cartridge mold 7 from both sides and move to a predetermined position on the lower mold 5.
Thereafter, the knockout pin 4 is inserted into the space 9 of the cartridge mold 7 for a predetermined length, and the positioning is completed. (See FIG. 6) The knockout pin 4 in this step is used for forming a metal part shape, and is not used for taking out a molded product after molding. Next, the upper die 2 provided with the punch 1 is fixed, forged, and the forming is started by pressing the punch 1 against the material 10. The material 11 is filled in the space of the cartridge mold 7, and the molding is completed. After the molding, the upper mold 2 is returned to the initial position, and the knockout pin 4
Is returned to the initial position, the fixed mold 3 is moved, the fixed mold 3 is opened, and the cartridge mold 7 is moved onto the transfer means 12. Next, the cartridge mold 7 is moved to a knockout table 18 including a lower mold 16 and a fixed mold 17.
(Refer to FIG. 7) The fixing to the knockout table 18 may be performed by the same operation as that of the forging device.
May be introduced directly from the opening 19 of the knockout table by a robot or the like and fixed. At this time, it is desirable that at least the forged part corresponding to the position facing the knockout pin 20 is cooled by using an air blow or the like, so that deformation or the like can be prevented by the knockout pin of the molded article. After the cartridge mold 7 is fixed, the knockout pin 20 is operated to remove the molded product from the cartridge mold 7 and take it out. (See FIG. 8) The removed molded product is moved to a molded product storage position (not shown) by using a transporting means 13 such as a robot. The cartridge mold 7 from which the molded product has been taken out is again moved to the initial position of the process by the transfer means 12.
Will return. That is, a plurality of cartridge dies can be successively and efficiently introduced into each of the above-described steps, and can be continuously molded.

In the above molding step, the temperature of the fixed mold, the upper mold and the like for setting the cartridge mold and the punch are detected by temperature detecting means such as a thermocouple, and the output of the heater provided for each is controlled. In addition, temperature control can be performed. In addition, the mold is surrounded by a heat insulating material in order to eliminate a temperature loss. It is desirable that the temperature difference between the mold, the punch, and the material during processing is set to 20 ° C. or less, since the ductility of the material at the initial stage of processing and the stage of the subsequent process can be formed without lowering.

In the above embodiment, an example in which a forging material is coated with a lubricant has been described. However, the lubricant may be applied to a die before forging, and the lubricant may be a solid lubricant such as graphite. What is necessary is just to select a liquid lubricant etc. suitably according to a forging temperature.

The material can be appropriately selected and used as long as it is excellent in stretchability, but the following materials proposed by the applicant of the present invention can be suitably used.

That is, the apparent Zn content is 37 to
A composition having 50 wt% and a Sn content of 0.5 to 7 wt% can be used. Here, the term “apparent Zn content” means that A is the Cu content [wt%] and B is the Z content.
n content [wt%], a third element to which t is added (for example, S
n) Zn equivalent and Q of the third element content [wt%]
, “｛(B + t · Q) / (A + B + t ·
Q)｝ × 100 ”.

Further, the material has at least one of the following crystal structures. The crystal structure includes at least a γ phase and the area ratio is 1 to 50%. The crystal structure includes at least the β phase and the γ phase, the area ratio of the β phase is 25 to 45%, and the area ratio of the γ phase is 25. The crystal structure has an area ratio of the α phase of 30 to 75%, the area ratio of the β phase is 0 to 55%, and the area ratio of the γ phase is 1 to 50%. Crystal grain size of 5μm or less

With such a crystal structure, sufficient ductility can be ensured even at a low forging temperature of 300 to 550 ° C., even when plastic deformation occurs while recrystallization occurs in a low temperature range. Complex shapes such as stoppers can also be molded. In other words, since a molding close to the final shape can be performed, a molded body with less processing can be provided. This means that Pb, which is generally added for improving the machinability, can be eliminated, and an eco-friendly part can be provided.

The forging temperature of 300 to 550 ° C. is very economical because the above-described mold can be prevented from deteriorating and the output of the heater can be reduced. Further, the heat loss due to the movement can be reduced at a low temperature as in the present invention, and thus can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a process of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a main part of a forging apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view (cartridge mold) showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an external view of an apparatus showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of the present invention (forging material introduced).

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of the present invention (forging start state).

FIG. 7 is an operation explanatory view showing an embodiment of the present invention (knockout table).

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of the present invention (at the time of knockout).

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Punch 2 Upper mold 3, 17 Fixed mold 4, 20 Knockout pin 5, 16 Lower mold 6 Space 7 Cartridge mold

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Claims (12)

[Claims] When manufacturing a metal part using a cartridge mold used in a plurality of steps forming a space, a step of introducing a material into the plurality of spaces, fixing the cartridge mold to a forging device, A method for manufacturing a metal part, comprising: a forging step, a step of fixing a cartridge mold to a knockout table, and a step of taking out a metal part at least sequentially. 2. The method of manufacturing a metal part, wherein the movement of the cartridge mold to the next step is performed by a transfer means such as a belt conveyor or a turntable. 3. A method for manufacturing a metal part, wherein the cartridge die from which the metal part is taken out is returned to its original position and is repeatedly used. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the forging is performed by a cold process,
A method for producing a metal part, which is one of warm and hot forging. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein a step of applying a lubricant to the cartridge mold is added before the step of forging. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein a step of heating the cartridge mold alone or the cartridge mold with the material placed thereon is added before the forging step when performing warm or hot forging. Characteristic metal parts manufacturing method. 7. The method for manufacturing a metal part according to claim 4, wherein the temperature difference between the material, the mold, and the punch during processing is 20 ° C. or less. 8. The processing temperature according to claim 4 or 6,
A method for producing a metal part, wherein the temperature is 300 to 550 ° C. 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the material has an apparent Zn content of 37 to 50 wt.
%, And 0.5 to 7 wt% of Sn. {(B + tQ) / (A + B + tQ)} × 100 A: Cu content (wt%), B: Zn content (wt
%), T: Zn equivalent of Sn, Q: Sn content (wt%) 10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the material satisfies at least one of the following crystal structures. The crystal structure includes at least a γ phase and the area ratio is 1 to 50%. The crystal structure includes at least the β phase and the γ phase, the area ratio of the β phase is 25 to 45%, and the area ratio of the γ phase is 25. The crystal structure has an area ratio of the α phase of 30 to 75%, the area ratio of the β phase is 0 to 55%, and the area ratio of the γ phase is 1 to 50%. Crystal grain size of 5μm or less 11. The method according to claim 1, wherein the material has an apparent Zn content of 37 to 50 wt% and an Sn of 0.5 to 50% when the apparent Zn content is used in the following sense.
7 (%), {(B + tQ) / (A + B + tQ)} × 100 A: Cu content (wt%), B: Zn content (wt)
%), T: Zn equivalent of Sn, Q: Sn content (wt%) A method for producing a metal component, wherein at least one of the following crystal structures is satisfied. The crystal structure includes at least a γ phase and the area ratio is 1 to 50%. The crystal structure includes at least the β phase and the γ phase, the area ratio of the β phase is 25 to 45%, and the area ratio of the γ phase is 25. The crystal structure has an area ratio of the α phase of 30 to 75%, the area ratio of the β phase is 0 to 55%, and the area ratio of the γ phase is 1 to 50%. Crystal grain size of 5μm or less 12. A means for introducing a material into a cartridge mold having a plurality of spaces formed therein, a forging means for filling the material into the space to form a metal part, and removing the formed metal part from the cartridge mold. An apparatus for manufacturing a metal part, comprising: a mold releasing means for forming a mold; and a transfer means for sequentially transporting a cartridge mold to each of the means.