JP2002045020A - Vegetable harvester and harvest of vegetable by the vegetable harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the efficiency and save the labor for a vegetable harvesting work by harvesting vegetables while packing the harvested vegetables into a box. SOLUTION: The vegetable harvester is provided with a drawing apparatus for drawing a vegetable out of a culture field and a transfer apparatus to transfer the vegetable drawn out by the drawing apparatus to the rear part of the machine body. The harvested vegetable transferred to the rear part of the body is packed in a packaging box by an operator standing at the back of the machine body. An empty box holding table to hold an empty box in a state to enable the packing of the vegetable is attached to the back of the body.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vegetable harvesting machine for harvesting while running head vegetables such as cabbage and Chinese cabbage and rhizome vegetables such as onion and carrot, and a method of harvesting vegetables by the vegetable harvesting machine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A vegetable harvesting machine that extracts the above vegetables grown in a field with a pulling device, removes unnecessary portions, etc., and transports it to a rear portion of the machine by a transporting device to harvest it is practical. (Japanese Patent Application 2000-79)
912, 79913, etc.). In this type of harvester, at the same time as harvesting, an operator simultaneously performs an operation of packing harvested vegetables, which are located at the rear of the machine and conveyed by a conveying device, into a packaging box.

[0003]

According to this method, the harvesting efficiency is very high, so that a large number of packaging boxes are required. Until now, a method has been adopted in which a mounting table on which a box can be mounted is mounted on one side of the fuselage, an empty box is placed on this mounting table, harvested vegetables are packed, and the packed box is placed on the mounting table again. Was. Therefore, an empty box and a pre-packaged box are mixed on the mounting table, and it takes time to select them. In addition, the space of the mounting table becomes narrow because empty boxes and packed boxes are put together, and empty boxes need to be refilled and packed boxes must be removed again, which reduces efficiency and necessitates manual labor. Was.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problem, and provides a mounting table on which a box can be placed not only on one side of the body but also on the other side or the rear, and sets each mounting table for an empty box. It is possible to improve efficiency and save labor by dividing it into ones for pre-packed boxes.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Under the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a pulling device for pulling vegetables cultivated in a field,
A transport device that transports the vegetables extracted by the extraction device to the rear of the machine, and a worker harvests the vegetables that are transported by the transport device behind the machine and packed in a packaging box. At the rear of the machine, an empty box mounting table for placing empty boxes in a packable state, a packed box mounting table for placing packed boxes in a stacked state on one side of the machine, and an empty box on the other side of the machine. Provided is a vegetable harvester characterized by attaching empty box loading tables that can be stacked in a stacked state.

By taking this measure, the worker can pack the harvested vegetables transported by the transport device in the empty box placed on the empty box mounting table at the rear of the machine, and when the container is in the packed state, it can be already packed. When the empty box is no longer present on the empty box mounting table, the work must be transferred from the empty box loading table to the empty box mounting table. Can be done neatly,
Efficiency goes up. In addition, since the space for placing empty boxes and already packed boxes increases, the number of refills and withdrawals can be reduced, and efficiency can be improved and labor can be saved. In this case, if a plurality of empty box mounting tables are provided on both sides of the worker, the efficiency is further improved, and it is possible to pack the boxes by grade.

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings, taking a harvester for harvesting cabbage (head vegetables) as an example. 1 is a side view of a vegetable harvester (hereinafter, a harvester) showing an example of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view, FIG. 3 is a rear view, FIGS. 4 and 5 are main part plan views, and FIG. FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 6, and FIG. 7 shows a self-propelled body 2 equipped with a traveling device 1 comprising a crawler.
One side of one side (in this example, the left side in the traveling direction), a pulling-out device 4 for pulling out the root 3a of the bulbous vegetable 3 from the front, a root-portion transporting device 5 for pinching and transporting the root 3a, A sliding guide device 6 is provided for guiding while sliding the lower surface of the portion 3b.

The drawing device 4 comprises a pair of left and right rotating bodies (petal-shaped foils in the figure) 7 whose opposite surfaces rotate rearward in a front-down inclined plane, and rubs the tip of the petal-shaped foil 7 against the ground. It is inserted into the lower surface of the bulbous part 3b, scooped up, and the stem root part 3a is pulled out. The petal-shaped wheel 7 of this embodiment has a transmission system 8 such as a worm for driving the support shaft incorporated in a case 8a and connected to a transmission cylinder 9, and the transmission cylinder 9 includes a pulling device 4 and the like. A spring 11 urges the frame 10a of the comprehensive pretreatment device 10 toward the other side so as to be able to escape outward. Therefore, when the petal-shaped foil 7 bites a stone or the like, each escapes outward and passes through it.

[0009] The pedicle root conveying device 5 is a device for clamping the pedicle root 3a pulled out by the pulling device 4 and conveying the pedicle root 3a upward thereafter.
Similarly, it comprises a pair of pinching chains 12 whose opposing surfaces rotate rearward in the front downward inclined plane. In this case, the starting end of the clamping chain 12 is provided at a position retracted from the case 8a, but is partially overlapped with the petal-shaped foil 7 to ensure the accuracy of takeover. However, its starting end floats at a considerable distance from the ground, so that even if the petal-shaped foil 7 slightly dives into the ground, it does not sink itself.

By the way, since the petal-shaped foil 7 constituting the pulling device 4 is inclined forward and downward, the pulling vegetables 3 are also tilted forward while being pulled out, and the stem root portion 3a is connected to the pinching chain. 12 is stuck in a stable posture substantially perpendicular to the rotation surface. In addition, the pinching chain 12 is hung around the front and rear sprockets 13 and 14 to be rotated (the rear sprocket 14 is on the driving side).

Further, a chain tensioner 1 is provided on a portion on the opposite side of the clamping chain 12 to press this portion toward the other party.
The chain tension 15 is made movable forward and backward, and is urged by a spring 16 toward the other party. Therefore, even when the pinching chain 12 has caught foreign matter, it can be retracted and breakage can be prevented. In addition, chain tension 15
It is interrupted while going to the rear sprocket 14,
The biting stones are dropped during this time.

Above the strangulation chain 12, there is provided a sliding guide device 6 for inserting the stem root portion 3a of the head tuber 3 therebetween and guiding while sliding the lower surface of the head portion 3b. The sliding guide device 6 according to the present embodiment includes a pair of left and right relatively wide rubbing plates 17 whose cross sections starting from around the rear end of the petal-shaped foil 7 and continuing to the vicinity of the end of the pinching chain 12 are convexly curved upward. Consists of As a result, the bulbous vegetables 3 pulled out by the pulling-out device 4 are conveyed upward and backward while the stems 3a are pinched by the pinching chain 12 and the lower surface of the heads 3b is rubbed and rubbed by the plate 17. .

At this time, the rubbing plate 17 and the clamping chain 12
Since the vertical spacing between and is gradually expanded rearward,
While being conveyed, the stem root portion 3a is pulled downward relative to the pinching chain 12, and the head portion 3b
Is pressed against the rubbing plate 17 to ensure that the posture is maintained. If the posture is reliably maintained, no transport error or the like occurs, and even when cutting the stem root 3a, an accurate position can be reliably cut. As a mode of gradually increasing the vertical distance between the rubbing plate 17 and the clamping chain 12, the inclination of the sliding guide device 6 is set to be larger than that of the pedicle root transport device 5, and conversely, the stalk root transport device 5 May be made smaller than that of the sliding guide device 6.

In the vicinity of the rear end of the shoot root transfer device 5, a cutting device 18 for cutting the shoot root 3a conveyed as described above is provided. The cutting device 18 of the present embodiment is composed of a disc cutter 19 forcibly driven and a disc blade 20 rotatably provided side by side with the disc cutter 19. The base and the demon leaf 3c hanging around the bulbous portion 3b are cut off. Note that the rotation plane of the disc cutter 20 is set substantially parallel to the rotation plane of the shoot root conveying device 5, and the shoot root 3a at this time is pulled downward by the pinching chain 12, so that the root is securely. Be cut off.

The petal-shaped foil 7 above the root-carriage conveying device 5
A transport device 21 that transports the head portion from around the rear to the rear of the body 2 is provided. The conveying device 21 is for holding the head portion 3b of the head vegetable 3 pulled out by the pulling device 4 and conveying the head portion 3b to the rear of the machine body 2, and is substantially parallel to the stem root conveying device 5 on the pre-processing frame 10. It comprises a pair of sandwiching belts 22 whose opposing sides rotate rearward in a slanting plane inclined downward.

In this case, the holding belt 22 is provided with a head portion 3b.
Rollers 2 made of elastic material that does not damage
3, 24 (the rear roller 24 is on the drive side) and rotates. Note that both belts 23 are in rolling contact with a number of rollers 25 for direction control and tension. In this case, the opposite side (inside) of one (left side) of the holding belt 22 is outside. To escape to. This is to provide a strong pinching force regardless of the size of the head 3b.

Specifically, a specific roller 25 is
6, which can be turned around a pin 27 provided on the pre-processing frame 10, and which is stretched by a spring 28. In addition, the start end and the rear end of the holding belt 22 have an octagonal shape in plan view, both ends of which are open, so that the head portion 3b can be smoothly taken in and released. However, before the cutting device 18 is reached, the figure-eighth is already closed, and the holding belt 22 is holding the ball-shaped portion 3b.

As described above, the bulbous vegetables 3 are pulled out by the pulling-out device 4, the roots 3a are pinched by the root-conveying device 5, and the lower surface of the heads 3b is guided by the sliding guide device 6,
In addition, while the side surface of the bulbous portion 3b is conveyed while being pinched by the conveying device 21, the root portion 3a is cut by the cutting device 18 during this time. The head vegetable 3 from which the root portion 3a has been cut is conveyed to the rear while the head portion 3b is pinched by the conveying device 21, and the head portion 3b that has fallen therefrom is attached to the body 2 below the rear end of the conveying device 21. Is provided to the side of the side.

The above-described drawing device 4, pedicle root conveying device 5, cutting device 18, conveying device 21 and the like are configured as a pre-processing device 10, and the pre-processing device 10 It is attached to the body 2 by a shaft 31 so as to be rotatable in a vertical plane. Pretreatment device 10
Of the telescopic cylinder 32 interposed between the body 2
At the time of work, the petal-shaped foil 7 constituting the drawing device 4 is lowered until it comes into contact with the ground. In this case, in order to prevent the petal-shaped foil 7 from sinking into the ground, a sliding grounding body 33 that slides on the ground in contact with the ground is provided at the rear thereof, and a resilient body such as a gas spring is provided between the body 2 and the body. 34
To reduce the weight.

The head portion 3b transported by the transport device 21 is
The sheet is sent to the side of the machine body 2 by the horizontal transfer device 29. In this case, a chute 35 is provided obliquely between the end of the transfer device 21 and the horizontal transfer device 29, and the ball-shaped portion 3 b transferred by the transfer device 21 moves on a roller 36 provided on the chute 35. The sheet is rolled and fed onto a belt conveyor 37 constituting the horizontal transfer device 29. By the way, the worker M is located behind the body 2, that is, behind the horizontal transport device 29, and the head portion 3 b transported by the transport device 21 is packed in a packaging box as described above. It is as follows.

In this case, the head 3b picked up by the operator
Is rolled down from the chute 35 and placed on the horizontal transporting device 29. At this time, an operation of appropriately removing debris such as the demon leaves 3c is performed. If the removed debris is left on the belt conveyor 37 of the horizontal transport device 29,
In this sense, the main purpose of the horizontal transport device 29 is to discharge waste, and under this purpose, the waste is discharged between the end of the belt conveyor 37 and the machine side frame. Is provided with a gap V, and a projection 38 is provided on the surface of the gap V so that the waste 3c is reliably discharged.

In the present invention, a box 40 for packing the head portion 3b harvested as described above and a table on which the box 40 after packing can be placed are provided in various places of the body 2 in an efficient arrangement. Things. As the box 40 in this case, a cardboard box having an openable / closable lid piece on the upper surface is often used. On the other hand, the table is provided with an empty box mounting table 41 on the rear side of the body 2 on which the empty box 40a can be placed in a packable state, that is, with an opening facing upward and a lid piece opened. (In this example, on the right side in the traveling direction) a packed box 4 in which the head portion 3b is packed and the lid piece is closed
0b are arranged side by side, and the other side (left side) of the body 2 is provided with an empty box loading table 43 on which the empty box 40a is loaded.

The empty box mounting table 41 is constituted by a frame 44 on which the four corners of the empty box 40a can be positioned and placed. The frame 44 is supported by a stay 45 extending from the rear end of the chassis 2a constituting the body 2. are doing. In addition, the empty box mounting table 4 in this example
1 is provided on both sides of the location where the worker M is located to improve efficiency. Thereby, it is also possible to classify the heads 3b of different grades into different empty boxes 40a.

The packed box mounting table 42 is constituted by supporting a flat support plate 46 on which the packed box 40b can be placed by a support shaft 47 provided on the side surface of the body 2. Therefore, the support plate 46
Can be rotated around the support shaft 47, and can be stood up and stored in the case of non-harvesting traveling or the like. In this connection, the empty box mounting table 41 and the empty box mounting table 43 can be removed, and are removed when unnecessary. Support plate 46
Has a width and a length that allow a plurality of the packed boxes 40b to be arranged side by side in the horizontal direction, and the packed boxes 40b are placed on the support plate 46 in a stacked state in the vertical and the vertical directions. At this time, a guard 48 is provided upright on the side of the box 40b so as not to drop.

Further, the auxiliary support plate 4 is provided behind the support plate 46.
9 is a mounting shaft 5 that extends in the left-right direction behind the support plate 46.
(When the support plate 46 is raised, the auxiliary support plate 49 is rotated about the mounting shaft 50 so as to overlap the support plate 46 so as not to be in the way. For). The auxiliary support plate 49 is used for temporarily placing the full box packed and filled with the empty box mounting table 41 on the 40b.

The empty box loading table 43 is composed of a frame 51 made of a rigid rod or the like capable of storing the empty box 40a therein, and a stay 52 extending from a side end of the chassis 2a.
We support in. In this case, the empty box 40 is
A plurality of stacked empty boxes 40a can be stacked in front and back of a stack of other empty boxes 40a (see FIG. 1), whereby a large number of empty boxes 40a can be stacked. ing.

As described above, the worker M can move the
The head portion 3b conveyed above is picked up and packed in the empty box 40a on the empty box mounting table 41 on both sides, and when this is full, the already packed box 40b is moved from the auxiliary support plate 49 to the empty box mounting table 42. Then, the operation of taking the empty box 40a from the empty box loading table 43 and placing it on the empty empty box mounting table 41 is repeated. Note that this operation may be performed by the operator himself after getting off the cockpit (so-called single operation), or may be performed by a worker different from the operator.

The lateral transport device 29 is driven via a PTO shaft provided at the rear of the body 2 via a clutch.
This clutch is operated by operating a clutch lever 61 provided at the upper end of the rear cover 60. By tilting the rear cover 60 to the left or right, the side clutch constituting the steering device of the body 2 is disengaged for a certain period of time (the steering angle is thus changed by a certain angle). A lever 62 is also provided. Further, the rear cover 6
0 is also provided with a main clutch button 63 capable of connecting and disconnecting a main clutch for disconnecting power transmission to the traveling system and the working system. This is intended for a single-person operation in which the operator gets off the airframe 2 and monitors and works at this portion.

Further, when working alone at this place, it is difficult to know whether or not the harvesting strip is located at the center of the petal-shaped foil 7.
The mounting fixture 65 is extended from the arch-shaped frame 64 provided so as to straddle the pulling-out device 4 and the like, and a mirror 66 is mounted. Thus, the operator M operates the steering lever 62 while looking at the mirror 66 to adjust the traveling direction of the body 2.

[0030]

As described above, according to the present invention, when the harvested vegetables are packed in a box, the harvested vegetables conveyed by the carrier device are packed in an empty box placed on an empty box mounting table, and the packed vegetables are packed. Transfer to an empty box mounting table, and if there are no empty boxes on the empty box mounting table, it will be necessary to transfer the empty box loading table to the empty box mounting table. Replacement can be done swiftly, increasing efficiency. In addition, since the space for placing empty boxes and already packed boxes increases, the number of refills and withdrawals can be reduced, and efficiency can be improved and labor can be saved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a vegetable harvester showing an example of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a vegetable harvester showing an example of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a rear view of the vegetable harvester showing one example of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of a main part of the vegetable harvester showing an example of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a partial plan view of a main part of the vegetable harvester showing an example of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a partial side view of a main part of the vegetable harvester showing an example of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 6;

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Body 3 Vegetables 4 Extraction device 21 Conveying device 29 Horizontal conveying device 37 Belt conveyor 38 Projection 40 Box 41 Empty box mounting table 42 Packed box mounting table 43 Empty box loading table

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor: Hiroki Shin Yuki, 428 Enami, Okayama City, Okayama Pref. (72) Inventor Masaharu Okazaki, 428 Enami, Okayama City, Okayama Pref. (72) Inventor Kazunobu Ninomiya 428 Enami, Okayama-shi, Okayama Pref.Seirei Industry Co., Ltd. Average number 428 F-term (reference) in Sairei Kogyo Co., Ltd. 2B072 AA03 AA10 BA14 BA20 BA28 CA16 DA02 DA12 EA06 EA14 2B075 GA01 GA06

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. A drawing device for extracting vegetables grown in a field, and a transport device for transporting the vegetables extracted by the extracting device to the rear of the machine body, wherein the worker is located at the rear of the machine body and the transport device. A vegetable harvesting machine for boxing harvested vegetables conveyed by the method in a box for packaging, wherein an empty box mounting table capable of placing an empty box in a boxable state is attached to the rear of the machine. 2. A pulling device for pulling vegetables grown in a field, and a transport device for transporting the vegetables extracted by the pulling device to the rear of the machine body, wherein the worker is located at the rear of the machine body and In the vegetable harvesting machine that packs the harvested vegetables transported in the box into a packaging box, an empty box mounting table that can place empty boxes in a packable state at the rear of the machine, and a packed box on one side of the machine. A vegetable harvesting machine, comprising: an already loaded box mounting table which can be placed in a stacked state; and an empty box loading table which can be loaded with empty boxes in an accumulated state on the other side of the machine. 3. A horizontal transport device is provided behind the transport device, and a worker packs the harvested vegetables transported by the transport device while appropriately preparing the harvested vegetables. The vegetable harvester according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the leaves and the like are discharged outside the machine by the horizontal conveying device. 4. The horizontal conveying device comprises a belt conveyor having projections projecting from the surface of the belt.
Any vegetable harvester. 5. A plurality of empty box mounting tables are provided.
One of four vegetable harvesters. 6. The vegetable harvester according to claim 5, wherein empty box mounting tables are provided on both sides of the worker. 7. The vegetable harvester according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the already packed box mounting table can be stored standing upright on the machine body side. 8. The vegetable harvester according to claim 1, wherein one or both of the empty box mounting table and the empty box mounting table are removable. 9. A drawing device for extracting vegetables grown in a field, and a transport device for transporting the vegetables extracted by the extracting device to the rear of the machine body, wherein an empty box can be packed in a box at the rear of the machine body. An empty box mounting table for placing empty boxes on one side of the fuselage, and an empty box loading table for stacking empty boxes on the other side of the fuselage. Vegetable harvesting method with a vegetable harvester
The worker is located behind the machine, packs the harvested vegetables transported by the transport device into empty boxes on the empty box mounting table, transfers it to the packed box mounting table when it is in the packed state, and places it on the empty box mounting table. A vegetable harvesting method in a vegetable harvesting machine, wherein when the empty boxes are exhausted, the operation of transferring the empty boxes from the empty box mounting table to the empty box mounting table is performed in an appropriate procedure. 10. A method for harvesting vegetables in a vegetable harvesting machine according to claim 9, wherein a plurality of empty box mounting tables are provided, and an operator selects a grade of harvested vegetables and packs the empty vegetables on the corresponding empty box mounting table. . 11. The method for harvesting vegetables in a vegetable harvester according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the operator is an operator of the vegetable harvester or another operator.