JP2002039289A - Continuously variable transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To shift rotations, to vary torque and to eliminate often overlooked energy loss during shifting in a gear type continuously variable transmission not depending on a V-belt system or a frictional system. SOLUTION: A ring gear 3 of a planetary gear mechanism 1 comprising a rotation composition part and a planetary gear carrier 4 of a planetary gear mechanism 2 comprising a rotation control portion are rotated by rotation of a rotary input shaft 6 and a rotation of a ring gear 12 of the planetary gear mechanism 2 is controlled by a worm 29. By this, a rotation of a sun gear 9 of the planetary gear mechanism 2 and a planetary gear carrier 7 of the planetary gear mechanism 1 sharing a rotary shaft is controlled and a continuously varied rotation is taken out of a rotary output shaft 16 coupled to a rotary shaft of a sun gear 11 of the planetary gear mechanism 1.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a transmission which can be used for electric trains, automobiles, machine tools and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a known conventional continuously variable transmission, V
There are a belt system and a friction system. A continuously variable transmission using a planetary gear mechanism is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-716.
01, JP-A-8-327737, JP-A-9-21449
Etc. have been announced.

[0003]

However, while a conventional continuously variable transmission can perform a continuously variable transmission, there is a new problem which has not been encountered in a non-continuously variable transmission using a gear combination system. In the V-belt method and the friction method, there is a problem how to prevent a reduction in power transmission force when a large load is applied. Compared with the V-belt type frictionless transmission and the gear combination type non-stop transmission, the V-belt type frictionless transmission is the gear combination type non-stop transmission. Inferior. Also, various types of continuously variable transmissions using a planetary gear mechanism have been disclosed, but some of them have difficulty in increasing or decreasing the torque that can be achieved with a non-continuously variable transmission of a gear combination type (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H5-205). 71601, JP-A-9-2144
9), or the use of a clutch directly for shifting causes a greater amount of energy loss due to friction than a non-stop transmission using a gear combination system (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-327737). There is. The present invention is intended to solve various problems of these continuously variable transmissions.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above problems by supporting two gears rotating coaxially and a gear revolving around the rotation axis of the two gears while meshing with the two gears. By combining two sets of gear mechanisms composed of a gear carrier and a worm and a worm wheel or a gear having the same function, in other words, a function that makes rotation transmission easy from one side but difficult from the other side. Settled. In order to clarify this more specifically, it is composed of two gears rotating coaxially and a gear carrier that supports gears that revolve around the rotation axis of the two gears while meshing with the two gears. This embodiment uses a worm and a worm wheel as a gear having a function of using a planetary gear mechanism as a gear mechanism and having a function of easily transmitting rotation from one side to the other, but difficult to transmit rotation in the opposite direction, and corresponding to this embodiment. This will be described with reference to FIGS. The ring gear 3 of the planetary gear mechanism 1 serving as a rotation combining part and the planetary gear carrier 4 of the planetary gear mechanism 2 serving as a rotation control part are rotated by a rotary input shaft 6 connected to a drive shaft. The rotation shaft of the sun gear 11 is connected to the rotation output shaft 16, the rotation shaft 8 of the planetary gear carrier 7 of the planetary gear mechanism 1 is connected to the rotation shaft 10 of the sun gear 9 of the planetary gear mechanism 2, The rotation of the ring gear 12 of the planetary gear mechanism 2 is controlled by the worm wheel 17 meshing with the gear. In order to make the effects of the present invention appear best, the rotation shaft 8 of the planetary gear carrier 7 of the planetary gear mechanism 1 and the rotation shaft 10 of the sun gear 9 of the planetary gear mechanism 2 are connected to the rotation input shaft 6. When the ring gear 3 of the planetary gear mechanism 1 and the planetary gear carrier 4 of the planetary gear mechanism 2 are rotated by rotation,
When the rotation of the ring gear 12 of the planetary gear mechanism 2 is stopped by the rotation stop of the worm wheel 9 meshing therewith, the rotation direction of the ring gear 3 of the planetary gear mechanism 1 and the planetary gear carrier of the planetary gear mechanism 1 are stopped. 7 are connected in the opposite direction, and the ring gear 12 of the planetary gear mechanism 2 is rotated by the worm 29 and the worm wheel 17 meshing with the worm 29 in the same rotational direction as the rotation direction of the planetary gear carrier 4. From the stationary state, and from the stationary state to the rotating state in the same direction. Warm 29
The method of rotating the worm wheel 17 meshing therewith, and decelerating or stopping the rotation, as described in the first embodiment, uses the clutch 1 by the rotation input shaft 6.
8 may be rotated by rotating one of the clutch plates and rotating the worm 29 by rotating the other clutch plate, and the two clutch plates may be contacted, non-contacted, and strongly contacted. Alternatively, the rotation control method using the electric motor 34 as in the second embodiment, or the rotation control method thereof when using another rotation driving device may be used.

[0005]

According to the above construction, if the rotary input shaft 6 is rotated while the ring gear 12 of the planetary gear mechanism 2 is stopped, the rotation causes the ring gear 3 of the planetary gear mechanism 1 to rotate.
And the planetary gear carrier 4 of the planetary gear mechanism 2 will rotate, and their rotation will cause the sun gear 9 of the planetary gear mechanism 2 to rotate, thereby causing the planetary gear carrier 7 of the planetary gear mechanism 1 to become a ring gear. 3, the sun gear 11 of the planetary gear mechanism 1 rotates, and the rotary output shaft 16 rotates (state 1). According to the above configuration, when the ring gear 12 of the planetary gear mechanism 2 is rotated in the same direction as the planetary gear carrier 4 of the planetary gear mechanism 2 from the stopped state while rotating the rotary input shaft 6, the rotation input shaft 6 The rotation transmitted to the planetary gear carrier 4 of the planetary gear mechanism 2 is blocked by the rotation of the ring gear 12, and the sun gear 9 of the planetary gear mechanism 2 and the planetary gear carrier of the planetary gear mechanism 1 are blocked according to the blocked ratio. 7, the ratio of rotation of the sun gear 11 and the rotation output shaft 16 of the planetary gear mechanism 1 due to rotation of the ring gear 3 of the planetary gear mechanism 1 increases (state-2). Further, according to the above configuration, the planetary gear mechanism 2 is rotated while rotating the rotation input shaft 6.
When the rotation of the sun gear 9 of the planetary gear mechanism 2 and the planetary gear carrier 7 of the planetary gear mechanism 1 connected thereto are stopped, the sun gear 11 of the planetary gear mechanism 1 is stopped. The rotation of the rotary output shaft 16 is only caused by the input rotation to the ring gear 3 of the planetary gear mechanism 1 (state-3). Further, according to the above configuration, if the number of rotations of the ring gear 12 of the planetary gear mechanism 2 is further increased while rotating the rotary input shaft 6, the sun gear 9 of the planetary gear mechanism 2 becomes the state-1 and the state-2. , And at the same time, the planetary gear carrier 7 of the planetary gear mechanism 1 starts to rotate in the same direction as the ring gear 3 of the planetary gear mechanism 1 and rotates with the sun gear 11 of the planetary gear mechanism 1. The rotation speed of the output shaft 16 further decreases from that in the state-3, and if the rotation speed of the ring gear 12 of the planetary gear mechanism 2 is further increased, the sun gear 11 of the planetary gear mechanism 1 and the rotation output shaft 16
Reaches a stop (state-4). The torque of the rotary output shaft 16 is minimum when the ring gear 12 of the planetary gear mechanism 2 is stopped and the rotational speed of the rotary output shaft 16 is at the maximum, ie, −1, and the ring gear 12 of the planetary gear mechanism 2 is minimized. Starts rotating in the same direction as the planetary gear carrier 4 of the planetary gear mechanism 2, and the rotation speed of the planetary gear carrier 7 of the planetary gear mechanism 1, whose rotation is to be linked with the sun gear 9 of the planetary gear mechanism 2 decreases Then, the ratio of the rotation of the sun gear 11 and the rotation output shaft 16 of the planetary gear mechanism 1 due to the rotation of the ring gear 3 of the planetary gear mechanism 1 increases as the ratio increases, and reaches a maximum when the state reaches state-3. In the present invention, when a rotating force is applied to the rotary input shaft 6 from the drive source, the output shaft 1
When a certain load is applied to the planetary gear mechanism 6, the ring gear 12 of the planetary gear mechanism 2 is forced to rotate in the same direction as the planetary gear carrier 4 of the planetary gear mechanism 2 and in the opposite direction to the sun gear 9, In other words, the power to spin is working. The speed change of the rotation speed and the increase / decrease of the torque in the present invention are performed by stopping / suppressing the rotation of the ring gear 12 in the idling direction. The rotation of the ring gear 12 can be easily stopped by stopping the rotation of the worm 29. Further, since the ring gear 12 is subjected to the idling force, the rotation of the ring gear 12 is added to the worm for suppressing the rotation by the worm. The force that needs to be small may be small, so that the rotation of the ring gear 12 can be easily suppressed. In the present invention, the rotation and stop of the ring gear 12 of the planetary gear mechanism 2 are important points that cause a change in the rotation speed and an increase or decrease in the torque, but this can be extremely easily performed as described above.

[0006]

Embodiment 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a continuously variable transmission according to the present invention. Reference numeral 6 denotes a rotary input shaft connected to the drive shaft. The rotary shafts of the gears 13 and 21 are connected to the rotary input shaft 6, and the gear 21 meshes with the gear 22 connected to the ring gear 3. The gear 13 meshes with a gear 14 meshing with a gear 15 sharing a rotation axis with the rotation shaft 5 of the planetary gear carrier 4. Thus, the rotation input shaft 6
When the is rotated, the ring gear 3 of the planetary gear mechanism 1 and the planetary gear carrier 4 of the planetary gear mechanism 2 rotate. The rotation shaft 10 of the sun gear 9 of the planetary gear mechanism 2 is coupled to the rotation shaft 8 of the planetary gear carrier 7 of the planetary gear mechanism 1. Since the rotation of the rotation input shaft 6 is transmitted to the rotation shaft 5 of the planetary gear carrier 4 of the planetary gear mechanism 2 via the gear 14, the rotation input shaft 6 rotates in a certain direction and the planetary gear With the ring gear 12 of the mechanism 2 stopped, the planetary gear carrier 7 of the planetary gear mechanism 1
Is to rotate in the opposite direction to the ring gear 3 of the planetary gear mechanism 1. The rotation output shaft 16 is connected to the planetary gear mechanism 1.
Is connected to the rotation shaft of the sun gear 11. Reference numeral 18 denotes a clutch, which can control the transmission of rotation based on contact, partial contact, and non-contact of the clutch plate, and gears 26, 25, 24, and 2 mesh with the clutch plate on the rotation input side.
The rotation of the clutch plate on the rotation output side is transmitted to the worm 29 via the meshing bevel gears 27 and 28. The rotation of the worm 29 is such that the worm wheel 17 meshing with the worm 29, the gears 30 and 31 meshing with the gear, and the gear meshing with the gear 33 meshing with the ring gear 12 are provided. 32 through the planetary gear mechanism 2
When the two clutch plates contact each other, the ring gear 12 of the planetary gear mechanism 2 moves in the same direction as the planetary gear carrier 4 of the planetary gear mechanism 2 if the two clutch plates come into contact with each other. It is designed to rotate. When the rotation input shaft 6 is rotated and the rotation of the ring gear 12 of the planetary gear mechanism 2 is controlled by the clutch 18 via the worm 29 and the worm wheel 17 according to the above embodiment, how the output shaft 16 rotates is described above. It is the same as described in the section of the operation.

[0007]

Second Embodiment FIG. 2 shows a configuration in which the rotation of the worm 32 can be controlled by the electric motor 34.

[0008]

Embodiment 3 The embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is a continuously variable transmission which can be used as a transmission of an automobile. As a characteristic of the flow of rotational energy when the vehicle is traveling, the rotational energy is supplied from the drive source during acceleration or uphill, but the rotational energy is supplied when the acceleration is stopped or downhill. That is, the current flows backward from the drive wheels toward the drive source. For this reason, transmissions used in motor vehicles must be able to withstand this. In addition, it must be a mechanism that can control the rotational energy flowing backward by the drive source. 35 and 36 are gears, 37 is a clutch, 38 is a one-way clutch, and 39 is a worm wheel. The gear 35 and the gear 36 mesh with each other, the rotation shaft of the gear 35 is connected to the rotation shaft 8 of the planetary gear carrier 7 of the planetary gear mechanism 1, and the rotation shaft of the gear 36 is connected to one clutch plate of the clutch 37. Is connected to the rotation axis. The rotation axis of the other clutch plate of the clutch 37 is connected to one rotation axis of the one-way clutch 38,
The other rotation shaft of the one-way clutch 38 is connected to the rotation shaft of the worm wheel 39. The one-way clutch 38 is mounted so that rotation from the clutch 37 is transmitted but rotation from the worm wheel 39 is not transmitted. 40 and 41 are gears, 42 is a clutch, 43 and 44 are bevel gears, and 45 is a worm. The gear 40 and the gear 41 mesh with each other, the bevel gear 43 and the bevel gear 44 mesh with each other, and the worm 45 and the worm wheel 39 mesh with each other. The rotation axis of the gear 40 is connected to the rotation axis of the sun gear 9 of the planetary gear mechanism 2 and the gear 4
One rotating shaft is connected to the rotating shaft of one clutch plate of the clutch 42, the rotating shaft of the bevel gear 43 is connected to the rotating shaft of the other clutch plate of the clutch 42, The shaft and the rotation shaft of the worm 45 are connected.
Reference numeral 46 denotes a one-way clutch, which includes a gear 35 and a gear 40.
During this period, only the rotation of the planetary gear mechanism 2 from the rotation shaft of the sun gear 9 is transmitted so as to block the rotation of the planetary gear mechanism 1 from the planetary gear carrier 7. The worm wheel 39 when the rotation of the sun gear 9 of the planetary gear mechanism 2 is transmitted to the rotation shaft of the planetary gear carrier 7 of the planetary gear mechanism 1 when the clutch 37 and the clutch 42 are simultaneously connected.
Is set to be faster than the rotation speed of the gear 36. According to the above device, when the vehicle is going downhill or when the vehicle stops accelerating, the driving wheel and the rotation output shaft (16), which is to rotate in association with the driving wheel, are subjected to a spinning force, which causes the planetary wheels to rotate. It acts as a force for rotating the planetary gear carrier 7 and the ring gear 3 of the gear mechanism 1, but if the clutch plate of the clutch 37 is kept in a non-contact state,
Due to the presence of the one-way clutch 46, the rotational force of the planetary gear carrier 7 is not directly transmitted to the planetary gear mechanism 2, and therefore, the life of the worm 29 and the worm wheel 17 is adversely affected without excessive load. There is no. Further, according to the above-described device, the rotational force applied to the planetary gear carrier 7 from the rotary output shaft (16) when the vehicle is going downhill or when acceleration is stopped can be controlled by simultaneously connecting the clutch 37 and the clutch 42 to the worm wheel. 39 and the worm 45 meshing therewith. If the rotation of the planetary gear carrier 7 is controlled, the rotational force from the rotary output shaft 16 flows into the ring gear 3. The rotational force from the output shaft 16 can be controlled based on the drive source. Further, according to the above device, when the rotation input shaft 6 connected to the drive shaft is rotated to transmit the rotation to the rotation output shaft 16, the clutch plates of the clutch 37 and the clutch 42 are disengaged. In the contact state, the rotation of the sun gear 9 and the planetary gear carrier 7 is not interrupted by the worm 45 and the worm wheel 39, and the one-way clutch 46 controls the rotation of the sun gear 9 by the rotation of the planetary gear carrier 7. In this case, the rotation of the rotation input shaft 6 is transmitted to the rotation output shaft 16. However, when the clutch 37 and the clutch 42 are simultaneously connected, the rotation of the rotation input shaft 6 is transmitted to the rotation output shaft 16. However, the worm wheel 39 is set to rotate faster than the gear 36, and the one-way clutch 38 controls the rotation of the worm wheel 39 by the clutch. The rotation of the rotary input shaft 6 is transmitted to the rotary output shaft 16 without being affected by the worm 45 and the worm wheel 39, since the rotation is set so as not to be transmitted to the chin 37. .

[0009]

When the present invention is used as a transmission for an automobile, it becomes possible to derive the most appropriate rotational speed in comparison with the output of the driving source from the viewpoint of energy consumption efficiency. Will be effective in preventing air pollution, which is currently a problem, and will also be effective in preventing vehicle noise. This effect is similarly exhibited in continuously variable transmissions that have already been announced and are now partly used. However, the present invention is based on the conventional continuously variable transmission in terms of power transmission and durability. Because it is superior to a conventional transmission, it can also be used in large vehicles that are difficult with conventional continuously variable transmissions, improving energy consumption efficiency, preventing air pollution, and preventing noise, which are problems for all vehicles Can be realized at a higher level.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of Example 1 when viewed from an oblique side.

FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of Example 2 when viewed from an oblique side.

FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of a continuously variable transmission that can be used as a transmission of a vehicle according to a third embodiment when viewed obliquely from the side.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 planetary gear mechanism 1 2 planetary gear mechanism 2 3 ring gear 4 planetary gear carrier 5 rotation shaft of planetary gear carrier 4 rotation input shaft 7 planetary gear carrier 8 rotation axis of planetary gear carrier 7 sun gear 10 sun gear 9 rotation Shaft 11 Sun gear 12 Ring gear 13 Gear 14 Gear 15 Gear 16 Rotary output shaft 17 Worm wheel 18 Clutch 19 Planetary gear 20 Planetary gear 21 Gear 22 Gear connected to ring gear 3 Gear 23 Gear 24 Gear 25 Gear 26 Gear 27 Umbrella Gear 28 bevel gear 29 worm 30 gear 31 gear 31 gear 32 gear 33 gear coupled to ring gear 12 34 electric motor 35 gear 36 gear 37 clutch 38 one-way clutch 39 worm wheel 40 gear 41 gear 42 clutch 43 bevel gear 44 bevel gear 45 C Over arm 46 one-way clutch

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A gear mechanism comprising two gears rotating coaxially and a gear carrier that supports a gear that meshes with the two gears and revolves around the rotation axis of the two gears. One of two coaxially rotating gears or a gear carrier constituting a gear mechanism (1) which is a rotation combining part, with a rotation combining part (1) and another as a rotation control part (2). The rotation of the rotation output shaft (16) which becomes a rotation output member is rotated by one rotation, and one of the remaining two is rotated by the rotation input shaft (6) which becomes a rotation input member, and the same rotation is performed. On the input shaft (6), one of two coaxially rotating gears or a gear carrier constituting a gear mechanism (2) serving as a rotation control part is rotated, and one of the remaining two is rotated.
One rotation is controlled by a worm and a worm wheel, or a gear having the same function, in other words, a gear having a function in which rotation transmission is easy from one side but difficult from the other side. ) Comprising one of two coaxially rotating gears and a gear carrier, which does not rotate the rotary output shaft (16), nor does it rotate on the rotary input shaft (6). One of the two coaxially rotating gears and a gear carrier that constitutes a gear mechanism (2) that serves as a rotation control part, and is not rotated by the rotation input shaft (6), and is rotated. A gear having a function that transmission is easy from one side but difficult from the other side is not controlled, and the rotation of the gear is linked to the rotation input shaft (6). In order to rotate the gears or the gear carrier constituting each of the rotation synthesizing part (1) and the rotation control part (2), or to change the rotation ratio by using a gear or the like during the subsequent rotation transmission. A continuously variable transmission that continuously changes the rotation and torque of the rotation input shaft (6) from the rotation input shaft (6) to the rotation output shaft (16).