CN105443707B - A kind of electric driver based on two shift transmissions - Google Patents
A kind of electric driver based on two shift transmissions Download PDFInfo
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- CN105443707B CN105443707B CN201610045595.1A CN201610045595A CN105443707B CN 105443707 B CN105443707 B CN 105443707B CN 201610045595 A CN201610045595 A CN 201610045595A CN 105443707 B CN105443707 B CN 105443707B
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- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
- F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
- F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
- F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
- F16H37/0833—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
- B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location or kind of gearing
- B60K17/12—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location or kind of gearing of electric gearing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H59/00—Control inputs to control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion
- F16H59/02—Selector apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
- F16H2200/0021—Transmissions for multiple ratios specially adapted for electric vehicles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H2306/00—Shifting
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于两挡变速器的电驱动装置，包括：驱动电机；第一行星排太阳轮，其固定连接电驱动桥壳体；第二行星排太阳轮，其连接驱动电机的输出轴；制动器，其设置在电驱动桥壳体和第一行星排行星架之间；离合器，其设置在第一行星排内齿圈和第二行星排行星架之间；第二行星排行星架，其固定连接动力输出装置；第一行星排行星架和第二行星排内齿圈相连。本发明具有设计结构紧凑、换挡过程中不存在动力中断、控制倒挡实现简单、整车能量利用率高、能源有效利用与节约的特点。
The invention discloses an electric driving device based on a two-speed transmission, comprising: a driving motor; a first planetary sun gear, which is fixedly connected to the electric drive axle housing; a second planetary sun gear, which is connected to the output shaft of the driving motor ; the brake, which is arranged between the electric transaxle housing and the first planetary carrier; the clutch, which is arranged between the first planetary ring gear and the second planetary carrier; the second planetary carrier, It is fixedly connected with the power output device; the first planetary row carrier is connected with the second planetary row ring gear. The invention has the characteristics of compact design structure, no power interruption during the shifting process, simple implementation of reverse gear control, high energy utilization rate of the whole vehicle, effective energy utilization and energy saving.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及驱动领域，具体涉及一种基于两挡变速器的电驱动装置。The invention relates to the drive field, in particular to an electric drive device based on a two-speed transmission.
背景技术Background technique
电动汽车是新型、节能、环保车辆，尤其是在当今空气污染严重的大环境下，具有巨大的发展潜力和广阔的应用前景。电动汽车使用电动机取代了传统汽车的发动机，电动机可带载启动，并且通过合理的配置满足汽车使用要求，这是与发动机的很大区别。在电动车上使用多挡变速器已经不合适，但若取消变速传动装置，则难于兼顾汽车爬坡和高速行驶等要求，特别是中小型汽车，有必要针对电动机的工作特性重新设计电动汽车的动力系统。Electric vehicles are new, energy-saving and environmentally friendly vehicles, especially in today's environment with severe air pollution, they have great development potential and broad application prospects. An electric vehicle uses an electric motor to replace the engine of a traditional car. The electric motor can be started with load and can meet the requirements of the car through reasonable configuration, which is a big difference from the engine. It is no longer suitable to use multi-speed transmissions on electric vehicles, but if the variable speed transmission device is cancelled, it will be difficult to meet the requirements of vehicle climbing and high-speed driving, especially for small and medium-sized vehicles, it is necessary to redesign the power of electric vehicles according to the working characteristics of the electric motor system.
目前的电动汽车用电驱动系统越来越受到人们的青睐，经过对现有技术的检索发现，电动车用两挡变速器既有采用平行轴式的布置形式，又有采用行星排式的布置形式。对于采用平行轴式布置形式的两挡变速器，多通过同步器或离合器来实现挡位的切换；对于采用行星排式布置形式的两挡变速器，多是通过离合器或者制动器组合来实现挡位的切换。The current electric drive system for electric vehicles is more and more favored by people. After searching the existing technologies, it is found that the two-speed transmission for electric vehicles adopts both the parallel shaft arrangement and the planetary row arrangement. . For a two-speed transmission with a parallel shaft arrangement, the shifting of gears is usually achieved through a synchronizer or clutch; for a two-speed transmission with a planetary row arrangement, the shifting of gears is mostly achieved through a combination of clutches or brakes .
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明设计开发了一种基于两挡变速器的电驱动装置。本发明主要是针对电动汽车用直驱电机体积庞大性能要求高和电动汽车用机械变速器换挡动力中断问题，通过合理匹配，有效解决电动汽车用直驱电机体积庞大性能要求高和电动汽车用机械变速器换挡动力中断问题，使驱动系统的结构更加紧凑，便于安装，也降低了对电机的性能要求，减少了控制系统的复杂程度，提高了电机运行效率，增加了电动车的续驶里程。The present invention designs and develops an electric drive device based on a two-speed transmission. The present invention mainly aims at the problem of large volume and high performance requirements of direct drive motors for electric vehicles and the interruption of gear shifting power of mechanical transmissions for electric vehicles. The power interruption problem of transmission shifting makes the structure of the drive system more compact, easy to install, and also reduces the performance requirements of the motor, reduces the complexity of the control system, improves the operating efficiency of the motor, and increases the driving range of the electric vehicle.
本发明具有设计结构紧凑、换挡过程中不存在动力中断、控制倒挡实现简单、整车能量利用率高、能源有效利用与节约的特点。The invention has the characteristics of compact design structure, no power interruption during the gear shifting process, simple implementation of reverse gear control, high energy utilization rate of the whole vehicle, effective energy utilization and saving.
本发明提供的技术方案为：The technical scheme provided by the invention is:
一种基于两挡变速器的电驱动装置，包括：An electric drive device based on a two-speed transmission, comprising:
驱动电机；motor;
第一行星齿轮系，其包括第一行星排太阳轮、第一行星排行星轮、第一行星排行星架及第一行星排内齿圈；A first planetary gear train comprising a first planetary sun gear, a first planetary planetary gear, a first planetary carrier and a first planetary ring gear;
所述第一行星排太阳轮，其固定连接电驱动桥壳体；The first planetary row sun gear is fixedly connected to the electric drive axle housing;
第二行星齿轮系，其包括第二行星排太阳轮、第二行星排行星轮、第二行星排行星架及第二行星排内齿圈；a second planetary gear train comprising a second planetary sun gear, a second planetary planetary gear, a second planetary carrier, and a second planetary ring gear;
所述第二行星排太阳轮，其连接所述驱动电机的输出轴；The second planetary sun gear, which is connected to the output shaft of the driving motor;
制动器，其设置在所述电驱动桥壳体和所述第一行星排行星架之间，选择性的使所述电驱动桥壳体和所述第一行星排行星架结合和分离；a brake, which is disposed between the electric drive axle housing and the first planetary planetary carrier, and selectively couples and separates the electric drive axle housing and the first planetary planetary carrier;
离合器，其设置在所述第一行星排内齿圈和第二行星排行星架之间，选择性的使所述第一行星排内齿圈和所述第一行星排行星架结合和分离；a clutch, which is arranged between the first planetary ring gear and the second planetary carrier, and selectively couples and separates the first planetary ring gear and the first planetary carrier;
所述第二行星排行星架，其固定连接动力输出装置；The second planetary carrier is fixedly connected to the power output device;
所述第一行星排行星架和所述第二行星排内齿圈相连；The first planet-row carrier is connected to the second planet-row ring gear;
其中，当选择一挡时，所述制动器结合，所述离合器分离；当选择二挡时，所述制动器分离，所述离合器结合。Wherein, when the first gear is selected, the brake is engaged and the clutch is disengaged; when the second gear is selected, the brake is disengaged and the clutch is engaged.
优选的是，所述电驱动桥壳体包括第一容纳腔和第二容纳腔，所述第一容纳腔和第二容纳腔之间设置内壁。Preferably, the electric drive axle housing includes a first accommodation chamber and a second accommodation chamber, and an inner wall is arranged between the first accommodation chamber and the second accommodation chamber.
优选的是，所述动力输出装置包括：Preferably, the power output device includes:
差速器壳体，其与所述第二行星排行星架固定连接；a differential case fixedly connected to the second planetary carrier;
差速器，其设置在所述差速器壳体内；a differential disposed within said differential housing;
左半轴，其固定连接差速器的左半轴齿轮；the left side shaft, which is fixedly connected to the left side shaft gear of the differential;
右半轴，其固定连接差速器的右半轴齿轮。The right side shaft, which is fixedly connected to the right side shaft gear of the differential.
优选的是，所述驱动电机的输出轴沿着轴向具有贯通孔，所述驱动电机的输出轴可旋转的支撑在所述电驱动桥壳和所述内壁上。Preferably, the output shaft of the drive motor has a through hole along the axial direction, and the output shaft of the drive motor is rotatably supported on the electric drive axle case and the inner wall.
优选的是，所述左半轴穿过所述驱动电机的输出轴的贯通孔，并可旋转的支撑在所述贯通孔中；所述右半轴可旋转的支撑在所述电驱动桥壳体上。Preferably, the left half shaft passes through the through hole of the output shaft of the driving motor, and is rotatably supported in the through hole; the right half shaft is rotatably supported on the electric drive axle case physically.
优选的是，还包括：Preferably, it also includes:
所述制动器的制动盘与所述电驱动桥壳体相连，所述制动器的制动毂与所述第一行星排行星架相连；The brake disc of the brake is connected to the housing of the electric drive axle, and the brake hub of the brake is connected to the first planetary carrier;
所述离合器的离合器盘与所述第二行星排行星架连接，所述离合器的离合器毂与所述第一行星排内齿圈连接。A clutch disc of the clutch is connected with the second planetary carrier, and a clutch hub of the clutch is connected with the first planetary ring gear.
优选的是，所述驱动电机的定子与所述电驱动壳体固定连接，所述驱动电机的转子通过过盈配合与所述驱动电机的输出轴连接。Preferably, the stator of the drive motor is fixedly connected to the electric drive housing, and the rotor of the drive motor is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor through interference fit.
优选的是，所述第一行星排太阳轮通过所述内壁固定连接电驱动桥壳体。Preferably, the first planetary row sun gear is fixedly connected to the electric drive axle housing through the inner wall.
优选的是，所述左半轴通过花键与所述左半轴齿轮连接，所述右半轴通过花键与所述右半轴齿轮连接。Preferably, the left half shaft is connected to the left side gear through splines, and the right half shaft is connected to the right side gear through splines.
本发明与现有技术相比较所具有的有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the beneficial effects:
1、本发明所述的电驱动桥系统有驱动电机、两套行星轮行星排和离合器总成组成，零件数量较少，结构紧凑，便于安装，同时，在传动过程中，啮合的齿轮数较少，有效提高传动效率；1. The electric drive axle system of the present invention is composed of a drive motor, two sets of planetary gears and a clutch assembly. The number of parts is small, the structure is compact, and it is easy to install. At the same time, during the transmission process, the number of meshing gears is relatively small. Less, effectively improve the transmission efficiency;
2、驱动电机和两挡变速器集成为一体，减少原材料的使用量，有效降低电驱动系统的成本，驱动电机可以实现反转，所以通过电机反转来实现倒挡，取消了倒挡的换挡执行机构，结构更加紧凑，且倒挡控制简单，易实现；2. The drive motor and the two-speed transmission are integrated into one, reducing the use of raw materials and effectively reducing the cost of the electric drive system. The drive motor can be reversed, so the reverse gear can be realized through the reverse gear of the motor, and the reverse gear shift is cancelled. The actuator has a more compact structure, and the reverse gear control is simple and easy to implement;
3、驱动电机存在两种工作模式，当整车处于驱动工况时，驱动电机处于电动机工作模式，为整车行驶提供动力，当整车处于制动工况时，驱动电机转换为发电机模式，起到制动能量回收，提高整车能量的利用率，达到节约能源的效果。3. There are two working modes for the drive motor. When the vehicle is in the driving condition, the drive motor is in the motor mode to provide power for the vehicle to drive. When the vehicle is in the braking condition, the drive motor is converted to the generator mode , to recover braking energy, improve the utilization rate of vehicle energy, and achieve the effect of saving energy.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明所述的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步的详细说明，以令本领域技术人员参照说明书文字能够据以实施。The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it with reference to the description.
如图1所示，本发明提供一种基于两挡变速器的电驱动装置，其包括：电机部分，变速器部分、差速器部分和半轴部分；其中，变速器部分由第一行星排，第二行星排，离合器组成。As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides an electric drive device based on a two-speed transmission, which includes: a motor part, a transmission part, a differential part and a half shaft part; wherein, the transmission part consists of the first planetary row, the second Planetary row, clutch composition.
电机部分由驱动电机轴110，定子120和转子130组成，其中，驱动电机的定子120通过过盈配合与壳体100连接，驱动电机轴110为空心轴，驱动电机的转子130通过过盈配合与驱动电机轴110连接。The motor part is made up of a drive motor shaft 110, a stator 120 and a rotor 130, wherein the stator 120 of the drive motor is connected to the housing 100 through an interference fit, the drive motor shaft 110 is a hollow shaft, and the rotor 130 of the drive motor is connected to the housing 100 through an interference fit. The drive motor shaft 110 is connected.
壳体110包括第一容纳腔和第二容纳腔，在第一容纳腔和第二容纳腔之间设置内壁，电机部分设置在第一容纳腔中，变速器部分、差速器部分和半轴部分设置在第二容纳腔中。The housing 110 includes a first accommodating chamber and a second accommodating chamber, an inner wall is arranged between the first accommodating chamber and the second accommodating chamber, the motor part is arranged in the first accommodating chamber, the transmission part, the differential part and the axle shaft part Set in the second accommodating cavity.
驱动时，驱动电机处于电动机模式，制动时，驱动电机处于发电机模式。When driving, the drive motor is in motor mode, and when braking, the drive motor is in generator mode.
第一行星排由第一行星排太阳轮220，第一行星排行星轮230，第一行星排行星架210和第一行星排内齿圈240组成。其中第一行星排太阳轮220与壳体100固定连接在一起，与第一行星排太阳轮220啮合的第一行星排行星轮230通过滚针轴承安装在第一行星排行星架210上，第一行星排行星架210与第二行星排内齿圈340连接，第一行星排行星架210通过制动器510与壳体100连接，第一行星排内齿圈240与离合器520的离合器毂连接。The first planetary row is composed of the first planetary row sun gear 220 , the first planetary row planetary gear 230 , the first planetary row carrier 210 and the first planetary row ring gear 240 . The first planetary sun gear 220 is fixedly connected with the housing 100, and the first planetary sun gear 230 meshing with the first planetary sun gear 220 is mounted on the first planetary carrier 210 through needle bearings. A planetary carrier 210 is connected to the second planetary ring gear 340 , the first planetary carrier 210 is connected to the housing 100 through the brake 510 , and the first planetary ring gear 240 is connected to the clutch hub of the clutch 520 .
第二行星排由第二行星排太阳轮320，第二行星排行星轮330，第二行星排行星架310和第二行星排内齿圈340。其中第二行星排太阳轮320通过花键与驱动电机轴110连接，与第二行星排太阳轮320啮合的第二行星排行星轮330通过滚针轴承安装在第二行星排行星架310上，9第二行星排行星架与差速器壳410连接，第二行星排内齿圈340与第一行星排行星架210连接。The second planetary row consists of a second planetary row sun gear 320 , a second planetary row planetary gear 330 , a second planetary row carrier 310 and a second planetary row ring gear 340 . Wherein the second planetary sun gear 320 is connected with the drive motor shaft 110 through a spline, and the second planetary planetary gear 330 meshed with the second planetary sun gear 320 is installed on the second planetary planet carrier 310 through a needle bearing, 9 The second planetary carrier is connected to the differential case 410, and the second planetary ring gear 340 is connected to the first planetary carrier 210.
制动器510的制动盘与第一行星排行星架210连接，制动器510的制动毂与壳体100连接，并且通过制动器510的分离、结合来实现第一行星排行星架210的转动和制动。The brake disc of the brake 510 is connected to the first planetary planet carrier 210, the brake hub of the brake 510 is connected to the housing 100, and the rotation and braking of the first planetary planet carrier 210 are realized through the separation and combination of the brake 510 .
离合器520(常开)的离合器盘和第二行星排行星架310连接，离合器520(常开)的离合器毂与第一行星排内齿圈240连接，通过离合器520(常开)的分离、结合实现第一行星排内齿圈240和第二行星排行星架310的分离和结合。The clutch disc of the clutch 520 (normally open) is connected to the second planetary planet carrier 310, the clutch hub of the clutch 520 (normally open) is connected to the first planetary ring gear 240, through the separation and combination of the clutch 520 (normally open) The separation and combination of the first planetary row ring gear 240 and the second planetary row carrier 310 are realized.
差速器部分由差速器壳410，行星齿轮轴440，行星齿轮441，左半轴齿轮421和右半轴齿轮431组成。其中差速器壳410与第二行星排行星架310连接，行星齿轮轴440安装在差速器壳410内，行星齿轮441通过滚针轴承安装在行星齿轮轴440上，与行星齿轮441啮合的左半轴齿轮421通过花键与左半轴420连接，与行星齿轮441啮合的右半轴齿轮431通过花键与右半轴430连接。The differential section is composed of a differential case 410 , a planetary gear shaft 440 , a planetary gear 441 , a left side gear 421 and a right side gear 431 . The differential case 410 is connected with the second planetary carrier 310, the planetary gear shaft 440 is installed in the differential case 410, the planetary gear 441 is installed on the planetary gear shaft 440 through a needle bearing, and the planetary gear 441 meshes The left side shaft gear 421 is connected to the left side shaft 420 through splines, and the right side shaft gear 431 meshed with the planetary gear 441 is connected to the right side shaft 430 through splines.
半轴部分由左半轴420和右半轴430组成。其中左半轴420通过滚针轴承安装在驱动电机轴110的腔体内，且左半轴420的右端通过花键与左半轴齿轮421连接，右半轴430的左端通过花键与右半轴齿轮431连接。The half shaft section consists of a left half shaft 420 and a right half shaft 430 . Wherein the left half shaft 420 is installed in the cavity of the driving motor shaft 110 through a needle bearing, and the right end of the left half shaft 420 is connected with the left half shaft gear 421 through a spline, and the left end of the right half shaft 430 is connected with the right half shaft through a spline Gear 431 is connected.
其中，驱动电机的输出轴沿着轴向具有贯通孔，驱动电机输出轴可旋转的支撑在电驱动桥壳100和内壁上，左半轴420穿过驱动电机的输出轴的贯通孔，并可旋转的支撑在贯通孔中，右半轴430可旋转的支撑在电驱动桥壳体100上。Wherein, the output shaft of the driving motor has a through hole along the axial direction, the output shaft of the driving motor is rotatably supported on the electric drive axle housing 100 and the inner wall, the left half shaft 420 passes through the through hole of the output shaft of the driving motor, and can The rotatable support is in the through hole, and the right half shaft 430 is rotatably supported on the electric drive axle housing 100 .
电驱动桥系统的挡位切换由离合器520(常开)和制动器510来实现。The gear shifting of the electric drive axle system is realized by the clutch 520 (normally open) and the brake 510 .
一挡时，驱动电机正转(实现整车前进的电机转动方向为正转方向)，离合器520(常开)不工作，即保持常开状态，第一行星排内齿圈240与第二行星排行星架310分离，制动器510工作，起到制动作用，第二行星排内齿圈340固定不动，只有第二行星排参与工作，驱动电机的动力通过驱动电机轴110末端传递到第二行星排太阳轮320，再经第二行星排行星轮330传递到第二行星排行星架310，由于第二行星排行星架310与差速器壳410体连接，差速器壳410随第二行星排行星架310转动，转动的差速器壳410带动与其连接的行星齿轮轴440转动，通过滚针轴承安装在行星齿轮轴440上的行星齿轮441随行星齿轮轴440公转，并且随左右半轴转速不同发生自转，起到差速效果，并且行星齿轮441将动力传递到与其啮合的左半轴齿轮421和右半轴齿轮431上，左半轴齿轮421带动左半轴420转动，右半轴齿轮431带动右半轴430转动，实现动力的传递。In the first gear, the driving motor rotates forward (the direction of rotation of the motor that realizes the forward rotation of the whole vehicle is the direction of forward rotation), the clutch 520 (normally open) does not work, that is, it maintains the normally open state, and the first planetary row ring gear 240 and the second planetary gear The planetary carrier 310 is separated, the brake 510 works to play a braking role, the inner ring gear 340 of the second planetary row is fixed, only the second planetary row participates in the work, and the power of the driving motor is transmitted to the second planetary row through the end of the driving motor shaft 110. The planetary sun gear 320 is transmitted to the second planetary planetary carrier 310 through the second planetary planetary gear 330. Since the second planetary planetary carrier 310 is connected with the differential case 410, the differential case 410 follows the second The planetary planet carrier 310 rotates, and the rotating differential case 410 drives the planetary gear shaft 440 connected to it to rotate, and the planetary gear 441 mounted on the planetary gear shaft 440 through needle bearings revolves with the planetary gear shaft 440, and with the left and right halves. Different shaft speeds cause autorotation, which plays a differential effect, and the planetary gear 441 transmits power to the left side shaft gear 421 and the right side shaft gear 431 meshing with it, and the left side shaft gear 421 drives the left side shaft 420 to rotate, and the right side shaft gear 421 The shaft gear 431 drives the right half shaft 430 to rotate to realize power transmission.
二挡时，驱动电机正转，制动器510不工作，不起到制动作用，第一行星排行星架210与壳体100分离，可以自由转动，离合器520(常开)工作，即结合，将第一行星排内齿圈240和第二行星排行星架310结合，第一行星排和第二行星排均参与工作，驱动电机的动力通过驱动电机轴110末端传递到第二行星排太阳轮320，再经第二行星排行星轮330传递到第二行星排内齿圈340，再经第一行星排行星架210传递到第一行星排内齿圈240，再经离合器520带动第二行星架310，由于第二行星排行星架310与差速器壳410体连接，差速器壳410随第二行星排行星架310转动，转动的差速器壳410带动与其连接的行星齿轮轴440转动，通过滚针轴承安装在行星齿轮轴440上的行星齿轮441随行星齿轮轴440公转，并且随左右半轴转速不同发生自转，起到差速效果，并且行星齿轮441将动力传递到与其啮合的左半轴齿轮421和右半轴齿轮431上，左半轴齿轮421带动左半轴420转动，右半轴齿轮431带动右半轴430转动，实现动力的传递。In the second gear, the drive motor rotates forward, the brake 510 does not work, and does not play a braking role. The first planetary carrier 210 is separated from the housing 100 and can rotate freely. The clutch 520 (normally open) works, that is, combines, and the The first planetary row ring gear 240 is combined with the second planetary row carrier 310, both the first planetary row and the second planetary row are involved in the work, and the power of the drive motor is transmitted to the second planetary row sun gear 320 through the end of the drive motor shaft 110 , and then transmitted to the second planetary ring gear 340 through the second planetary planetary gear 330, and then transmitted to the first planetary ring gear 240 through the first planetary carrier 210, and then the second planetary carrier is driven by the clutch 520 310, since the second planetary carrier 310 is connected to the differential case 410, the differential case 410 rotates with the second planetary carrier 310, and the rotating differential case 410 drives the planetary gear shaft 440 connected to it to rotate , the planetary gear 441 installed on the planetary gear shaft 440 through a needle bearing revolves with the planetary gear shaft 440, and rotates with the rotation speed of the left and right half shafts to achieve a differential effect, and the planetary gear 441 transmits power to the meshing gear On the left side shaft gear 421 and the right side shaft gear 431, the left side shaft gear 421 drives the left side shaft 420 to rotate, and the right side shaft gear 431 drives the right side shaft 430 to rotate to realize power transmission.
一挡升二挡过程，通过换挡控制单元实现制动器510由工作状态切换到不工作状态，离合器520(常开)由不工作状态切换到工作状态。驱动电机的动力通过驱动电机轴110末端传递到第二行星排太阳轮320，再经第二行星排行星轮330传递到第二行星排内齿圈340，再经第一行星排行星架210传递到第一行星排内齿圈240，再经离合器520带动第二行星架310，由于第二行星排行星架310与差速器壳410体连接，差速器壳410随第二行星排行星架310转动，转动的差速器壳410带动与其连接的行星齿轮轴440转动，通过滚针轴承安装在行星齿轮轴440上的行星齿轮441随行星齿轮轴440公转，并且随左右半轴转速不同发生自转，起到差速效果，并且行星齿轮441将动力传递到与其啮合的左半轴齿轮421和右半轴齿轮431上，左半轴齿轮421带动左半轴420转动，右半轴齿轮431带动右半轴430转动，实现动力的传递。In the process of upgrading from the first gear to the second gear, the brake 510 is switched from the working state to the non-working state through the shift control unit, and the clutch 520 (normally open) is switched from the non-working state to the working state. The power of the driving motor is transmitted to the second planetary row sun gear 320 through the end of the driving motor shaft 110 , then to the second planetary row ring gear 340 through the second planetary row planetary gear 330 , and then transmitted through the first planetary row carrier 210 to the first planetary ring gear 240, and then drive the second planetary carrier 310 through the clutch 520. Since the second planetary carrier 310 is connected to the differential case 410, the differential case 410 follows the second planetary carrier 310 rotates, the rotating differential case 410 drives the planetary gear shaft 440 connected to it to rotate, and the planetary gear 441 mounted on the planetary gear shaft 440 through needle bearings revolves with the planetary gear shaft 440, and occurs with the rotation speed of the left and right half shafts. Rotation, play a differential effect, and the planetary gear 441 transmits power to the left side gear 421 and the right side gear 431 meshing with it, the left side gear 421 drives the left side shaft 420 to rotate, and the right side gear 431 drives The right half shaft 430 rotates to realize power transmission.
二挡降一挡过程，通过换挡控制单元实现制动器510由不工作状态切换到工作状态，离合器520(常开)由工作状态切换到不工作状态。驱动电机的动力通过驱动电机轴110末端传递到第二行星排太阳轮320，再经第二行星排行星轮330传递到第二行星排行星架310，由于第二行星排行星架310与差速器壳410体连接，差速器壳410随第二行星排行星架310转动，转动的差速器壳410带动与其连接的行星齿轮轴440转动，通过滚针轴承安装在行星齿轮轴440上的行星齿轮441随行星齿轮轴440公转，并且随左右半轴转速不同发生自转，起到差速效果，并且行星齿轮441将动力传递到与其啮合的左半轴齿轮421和右半轴齿轮431上，左半轴齿轮421带动左半轴420转动，右半轴齿轮431带动右半轴430转动，实现动力的传递。In the second gear down process, the brake 510 is switched from the non-working state to the working state through the shift control unit, and the clutch 520 (normally open) is switched from the working state to the non-working state. The power of the drive motor is transmitted to the second planetary sun gear 320 through the end of the drive motor shaft 110, and then transmitted to the second planetary planetary carrier 310 through the second planetary planetary gear 330, because the second planetary planetary carrier 310 and the differential speed The differential case 410 is integrally connected, and the differential case 410 rotates with the second planetary carrier 310. The rotating differential case 410 drives the planetary gear shaft 440 connected to it to rotate, and the planetary gear shaft 440 is mounted on the planetary gear shaft 440 through a needle bearing. The planetary gear 441 revolves with the planetary gear shaft 440, and rotates with the rotation speed of the left and right half shafts to achieve a differential effect, and the planetary gear 441 transmits power to the left side gear 421 and the right side gear 431 meshing with it, The left half-shaft gear 421 drives the left half-shaft 420 to rotate, and the right half-shaft gear 431 drives the right half-shaft 430 to rotate to realize power transmission.
倒挡时，驱动电机反转(与正转方向相反)，离合器520(常开)不工作，即保持常开状态，第一行星排内齿圈240与第二行星排行星架310分离，制动器510工作，起到制动作用，第二行星排内齿圈340固定不动，只有第二行星排参与工作，驱动电机的动力通过驱动电机轴110末端传递到第二行星排太阳轮320，再经第二行星排行星轮330传递到第二行星排行星架310，由于第二行星排行星架310与差速器壳410体连接，差速器壳410随第二行星排行星架310转动，转动的差速器壳410带动与其连接的行星齿轮轴440转动，通过滚针轴承安装在行星齿轮轴440上的行星齿轮441随行星齿轮轴440公转，并且随左右半轴转速不同发生自转，起到差速效果，并且行星齿轮441将动力传递到与其啮合的左半轴齿轮421和右半轴齿轮431上，左半轴齿轮421带动左半轴420转动，右半轴齿轮431带动右半轴430转动，实现动力的输出，使整车倒向行驶。When in reverse gear, the drive motor reverses (opposite to the direction of forward rotation), the clutch 520 (normally open) does not work, that is, it remains in the normally open state, the first planetary row ring gear 240 is separated from the second planetary row carrier 310, and the brake 510 works and acts as a brake. The inner ring gear 340 of the second planetary row is fixed, and only the second planetary row participates in the work. The power of the drive motor is transmitted to the second planetary row sun gear 320 through the end of the drive motor shaft 110, and then The second planetary carrier 310 is transmitted to the second planetary carrier 310 through the second planetary carrier 330. Since the second planetary carrier 310 is connected to the differential case 410, the differential case 410 rotates with the second planetary carrier 310. The rotating differential case 410 drives the planetary gear shaft 440 connected to it to rotate, and the planetary gear 441 mounted on the planetary gear shaft 440 through needle bearings revolves with the planetary gear shaft 440 and rotates with the rotation speed of the left and right half shafts. to the differential effect, and the planetary gear 441 transmits power to the left side gear 421 and the right side gear 431 meshing with it, the left side gear 421 drives the left side shaft 420 to rotate, and the right side gear 431 drives the right side shaft 430 turns to realize the output of power, and the vehicle is reversed.
空挡时，制动器510和离合器520(常开)均保持不工作状态，使得驱动电机轴110与左半轴420和右半轴430处于分离状态，切断了动力的传递。当整车以一挡行驶需制动时，驱动电机由电动机模式切换到发电机模式，对传动系统起到拖动作用，将整车的行驶动能转换为电能。When in neutral, both the brake 510 and the clutch 520 (normally open) remain inactive, so that the drive motor shaft 110 is separated from the left half shaft 420 and the right half shaft 430, cutting off the transmission of power. When the vehicle needs to be braked while driving in first gear, the drive motor switches from the motor mode to the generator mode, which plays a role in dragging the transmission system and converts the driving kinetic energy of the vehicle into electrical energy.
当整车以二挡行驶需制动时，驱动电机由电动机模式切换到发电机模式，制动器510工作，离合器520(常开)不工作，对传动系统起到拖动作用，提高制动能量的回收效率。When the vehicle needs to be braked when driving in the second gear, the drive motor is switched from the motor mode to the generator mode, the brake 510 works, and the clutch 520 (normally open) does not work, which plays a dragging role on the transmission system and improves the braking energy. recycling efficiency.
该电驱动系统的换挡执行元件按照表1进行工作。The shift actuators of the electric drive system work according to Table 1.
表1中“○”表示分离，“●”表示结合,B表示制动器510，Cl表示离合器520(常开)。In Table 1, "○" means separation, "●" means combination, B means brake 510, Cl means clutch 520 (normally open).
尽管本发明的实施方案已公开如上，但其并不仅仅限于说明书和实施方式中所列运用，它完全可以被适用于各种适合本发明的领域，对于熟悉本领域的人员而言，可容易地实现另外的修改，因此在不背离权利要求及等同范围所限定的一般概念下，本发明并不限于特定的细节和这里示出与描述的图例。Although the embodiment of the present invention has been disclosed as above, it is not limited to the use listed in the specification and implementation, it can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention, and it can be easily understood by those skilled in the art Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific details and examples shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
- A kind of 1. electric driver based on two shift transmissions, it is characterised in that including：Motor；First epicyclic train, it include the first planet row sun gear, the first planet rows of planetary wheel, the first planet rows of planetary frame and First planet row ring gear；The first planet row sun gear, it is fixedly connected with electric drive axle housing；Second epicyclic train, it include the second planet row sun gear, the second planet row planetary gear, the second planet row planet carrier and Second planet row ring gear；The second planet row sun gear, it connects the output shaft of the motor；Brake, it is arranged between the electric drive axle housing and the first planet rows of planetary frame, and selective making is described Electric drive axle housing and the first planet rows of planetary frame combine and separation；Clutch, it is arranged between the first planet row ring gear and the second planet row planet carrier, and selective making is described First planet row ring gear and the second planet row planet carrier combine and separation；The second planet row planet carrier, it is fixedly connected with PTO；The first planet rows of planetary frame is connected with the second planet row ring gear；Wherein, when selecting a gear, the brake combines, the clutch separation；When selecting two gears, the brake point From the clutch combines.
- 2. the electric driver as claimed in claim 1 based on two shift transmissions, it is characterised in that the electric drive axle housing Including the first accommodating chamber and the second accommodating chamber, inwall is set between first accommodating chamber and the second accommodating chamber.
- 3. the electric driver as claimed in claim 2 based on two shift transmissions, it is characterised in that the PTO Including：Differential casing, it is fixedly connected with the second planet row planet carrier；Differential mechanism, it is arranged in the differential carrier body；Left half axle, it is fixedly connected with the left half axle gear of differential mechanism；Right axle shaft, it is fixedly connected with the right axle shaft gear of differential mechanism.
- 4. the electric driver as claimed in claim 3 based on two shift transmissions, it is characterised in that the motor it is defeated Shaft axially has through hole, and the output shaft of the motor is rotatably supported at the electric drive axle housing and institute State on inwall.
- 5. the electric driver as claimed in claim 4 based on two shift transmissions, it is characterised in that the left half axle passes through institute The through hole of the output shaft of motor is stated, and is rotatably supported in the through hole；The rotatable branch of right axle shaft Support is on the electric drive axle housing.
- 6. the electric driver as claimed in claim 3 based on two shift transmissions, it is characterised in that also include：The brake disc of the brake is connected with the electric drive axle housing, the brake hub of the brake and first planet Seniority among brothers and sisters carrier is connected；The clutch disk of the clutch is connected with the second planet row planet carrier, the clutch hub of the clutch with it is described First planet row ring gear connects.
- 7. the electric driver as claimed in claim 3 based on two shift transmissions, it is characterised in that the motor is determined Sub to be fixedly connected with the electric drive housing, the rotor of the motor is by being interference fitted the output with the motor Axis connection.
- 8. the electric driver as claimed in claim 2 based on two shift transmissions, it is characterised in that first planet row is too Sun wheel is fixedly connected with electric drive axle housing by the inwall.
- 9. the electric driver as described in claim 3 based on two shift transmissions, it is characterised in that the left half axle passes through Spline is connected with the left half axle gear, and the right axle shaft is connected by spline with the right axle shaft gear.
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| CN106965660B (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2023-03-31 | 吉林大学 | Double-motor coupling drive axle with torque directional distribution function |
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| CN114962558B (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2025-05-30 | 纯米科技(上海)股份有限公司 | Speed reducer, robot joint and robot |
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| CN205479218U (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2016-08-17 | 吉林大学 | Electric drive device based on two keep off derailleur |
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| CN202872557U (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2013-04-10 | 合肥工业大学 | Motor and speed changer integrated transmission system for electric automobile |
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