JP2002019688A - Hull structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve a propulsion force of a ship by eliminating resistance of water splashing in a bow part while the ship advances and making a water stream from the bow part to flow into a bottom part of a hull. SOLUTION: A hull structure is constituted such that a rotatable roller is arranged in a bow of the hull, the roller is arranged by directing its central axial line toward the direction of width of the hull, its central axis is positioned above a water surface, and water in the direction of ship advance comes into contact with an outer surface of the roller and is made to flow in the direction of the bottom part of the hull along a curved face of the roller in accordance with the rotation of the roller.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hull structure in which rollers are provided at the bow of a hull to eliminate the resistance of water received at the bow of the hull.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional ship, it is required to reduce the water resistance in the traveling direction as much as possible when traveling on the water surface, and the power of the hull is effectively converted to propulsion by reducing the water resistance. It is necessary. Therefore, the bow portion of the hull has a protruding shape in order to eliminate water resistance as the hull advances, and pushes water to both side portions of the bow to eliminate water resistance. That is, the water in the traveling direction is pressed by the protruding portion of the hull and flows in the stern direction along the bow side surface, thereby reducing the resistance of the water received by the hull.

In order to reduce the resistance of water in the traveling direction of the hull, for example, air such as fine air is exhausted from the hull and an air layer is provided between the water and the hull to reduce the resistance of the water. Some do. Some hovercraft, such as a hovercraft, float the hull itself by air pressure to reduce water resistance. In addition, using the hydrofoil, the hull itself is lifted while the hull is in progress and the bow is raised above the water surface to eliminate water resistance at the bow, and instead, the water flowing in the stern direction at the bottom of the hull and receiving water at the bow Some reduce resistance. These all aim to improve the propulsion of the hull by minimizing the resistance of the water received on the bow as the hull moves.

[0004]

In this case, first, in the case of a hull in which the bow of the hull has a protruding shape, the water resistance is large despite the protruding shape, and it is proportional to the propulsive force of the hull. As a result, the resistance of water increases, and it cannot be said that the power of the ship is effectively converted into propulsion. On the other hand, for example, when air is exhausted from the bow or the bottom of the hull to form an air layer, an effective air layer is hardly created at the bow, and air is constantly exhausted. Otherwise, the air holes will become resistance, and power for air discharge will be required, and it will be necessary to provide air discharge holes over a wide area of the bow, which makes manufacturing extremely complicated. It will be costly.

[0005] Next, the hovercraft configuration requires air pressure against the water surface just to lift the hull, and has disadvantages such as a complicated structure that is not suitable for large vessels such as tanker vessels. In addition, even if the hydrofoil lifts the hull while the hull is moving and eliminates the water resistance that hits the bow, the hull will be submerged when traveling at low speeds. Water resistance cannot be reduced. There are also restrictions such as difficulty in using large ships. Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned problems, it is an extremely important conventional problem to minimize the water resistance in the hull advancing direction when the hull is advancing.

[0006]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and can be widely used from small ships to large ships, and can very easily eliminate water resistance at the bow portion without being influenced by navigation conditions. The present invention provides a structure that can convert the power of a hull into propulsion very efficiently. Therefore, the invention according to claim 1 is a hull structure in which a rotatable roller is disposed at the bow of the hull, and the roller is disposed with its central axis directed in the width direction of the hull, and has its central axis aligned with the central axis. This problem can be solved by a hull structure that is disposed above the water surface and in which water in the hull traveling direction contacts the outer surface of the roller and flows toward the bottom of the hull along the curved surface of the roller as the roller rotates.

Alternatively, the above problem can be similarly solved by a hull structure in which the lower part of the bow of the hull is hollow and the rollers are disposed in the lower part. Alternatively, the resistance of water can be efficiently converted to the rotation of the roller by the hull structure having a dimple structure on the outer surface of the roller as in the invention of claim 3. Or, as in the invention according to claim 4, the roller is connected to a hull and a column, and the column is swingably or movably supported by the hull, so that the position of the roller can be moved substantially vertically.
The hull structure allows the central axis of the rollers to be positioned above the water surface as the water surface fluctuates during the hull advancement.Draft becomes deeper or shallower depending on the speed and amount of cargo while the ship is moving, Even when the height changes, the position of the roller can be maintained, and the rotation of the roller can be efficiently and constantly performed.

In this case, the length of the roller in the axial direction is slightly longer than the width of the hull or two-thirds of the width of the hull. The water resistance can also be efficiently eliminated. A hull side roller is arranged on the hull side together with the roller in addition to the bow roller as in the invention according to claim 6,
The hull side rollers are arranged such that the center axis of the hull side rollers is arranged horizontally with the center axis of the roller 2, and the hull side rollers are such that the center axis is located above the water surface, Due to the hull structure in which water in the hull traveling direction comes into contact with the outer surface of the roller and flows along the curved surface of the roller toward the bottom of the hull along with the rotation of the roller, when the so-called bow has a protruding shape or special shape Even in the case of a hull having a shape, the resistance of water can be efficiently eliminated by the rotation of the rollers, and the direction of the water flow can be regulated toward the bottom of the hull.

[0009]

FIG. 1 is a view showing an embodiment of a hull structure of a bow 11 of a ship according to the present invention. 1
Is a hull, and a rotatable roller 2 is disposed at a bow 11 of the hull 1. The roller 2 is disposed with the central axis 21 of the roller 2 positioned so that the central axis 21 is oriented in the width direction of the hull 1, that is, perpendicular to the traveling direction of the boat. 2
The center axis 21 is disposed above the waterline of the hull 1. In addition, the roller 2 is connected to the hull 1 by supporting columns 3 at both ends.

Accordingly, when the ship advances on the water surface 4, the water in the hull traveling direction comes into contact with the outer surface of the roller 2 below the central axis 21 of the roller 2, and along the curved surface of the roller 2 toward the hull bottom 12 The flow of the water flowing in the bow 11 and flowing toward the bottom 12 as the lower part of the hull can be controlled as it is. As a result, when a normal bow portion is formed into a protruding shape and the water flows on both sides while hitting the bow portion of the water, the so-called water resistance when cutting off the water is not received at all. In addition, even if the speed does not reach a certain speed like a hydrofoil, water does not hit the bow part, and it is in contact with the curved surface of the roller 2 and the direction is regulated by the hull bottom 12 along the curved surface of the roller 2. Therefore, the resistance of water can be reduced even at low speed. Further, the roller 2 is disposed so that its central axis 21 is located above the water line, that is, to arrange the roller 2 so as to be located above the water surface 4.

That is, in the case of this drawing, the water surface 4 is formed up to the portion of the water line, and the center axis of the roller 2 is located just above the water surface 4, so that the water flow 401 at the bow 11 portion of the roller 2 Since it contacts the lower part, it is possible to efficiently give the roller 2 the rotation 201 directed downward of the hull 1 by the water flow 401. In this case, the roller 2 is linked to a power source, and may be forcibly rotated by the power. Alternatively, unlike this, the roller 2 itself is rotatably supported but does not have any power source and rotates with the flow of the water flow in the bottom direction which is the traveling direction of the water with the contact with the water. It may be something. That is, while the resistance of the water at the time of traveling is applied to the roller 2, the water can be converted into a water flow toward the hull bottom 12, and the resistance due to the contact of the water with the roller 2 corresponds to the rotational movement of the roller 2. And the resistance of water can be eliminated.

Next, a support 3 for connecting the roller 2 and the hull 1 continuously.
Is to regulate the position of the roller 2, and in particular, the portion where the support 3 is connected to the hull 1
As 1, it may swing in a substantially arc shape in a substantially vertical direction 202. The position of the roller 2 can be changed according to the wave received by the bow 11 and the speed of the hull by swinging in a substantially arc shape in the substantially vertical direction 202, and the state in which the center axis 21 of the roller 2 is located above the water surface 4. Can be maintained.

The swing in the substantially vertical direction 202 is not limited to the example in which the column 3 swings with the hull 1 as a fulcrum 31. For example, a cut 14 is formed in the hull 1, and the column 3 is moved along the cut 14. May be movable substantially vertically. In this specification, although the term “upper / lower direction” is explicitly indicated, the term “upper / lower direction” also includes a case where the roller 2 moves up and down as a result of moving in an oblique direction or moving in an arc shape. Direction 20 that can be moved so that the water surface 4 is always located below the central axis 21 of the roller 2.
2 In the case of swinging or moving in such a substantially vertical direction, the draft is automatically detected, the position of the water surface is specified, the position of the column 3 is controlled by automatic control as appropriate, and the roller 2 is positioned. There may be.

In addition, when there is not much change in draft as in a large ship, for example, or when a large roller is used and at least the center axis 21 of the roller 2 is not located below the water surface, the swinging or moving Is not required. Therefore, in such a case, the roller 2 may be rotatably supported by the column 3. In the present specification, the support 3 is specified, but the support 3 may be any member that can connect the hull 1 and the roller 2 and support the roller 2 rotatably.
The shape is not limited to the columnar shape but may be a flat shape or the like. The length of the roller 2 in the axial direction is most preferably the same as the width of the hull, but is not limited to this length and may be shorter or longer.

For example, in the case of a marine vessel as shown in the figure where the tip portion does not have a protruding shape, the marine vessel may have a length slightly longer than the width of the hull 1 to about two-thirds of the width of the hull 1. Water resistance can be eliminated very effectively. For example, in the case of a ship having a protruding shape, for example, even if the roller has a width substantially equal to the width of the bow portion, the water resistance on the bow portion can be effectively eliminated.

FIG. 2 is a view showing another embodiment of the present invention, in which the lower part of the bow 11 of the hull 1 is hollow.
FIG. 4 is a view showing a state in which a main roller 2 is provided in the hollow portion. In this case, the roller 2 is connected to the hull 1 by the support 3, and the support 3 extends outside from the cut 14 portion of the hull 1, and the cut 14 moves the roller 2 substantially in the vertical direction. It has that length to the fullest extent possible.

That is, in the upper direction, the roller 2 can be moved to such a height that the roller 2 does not contact the hull 1, while in the lower direction, the roller 2 is located at the lowest position where the water surface 4 will be located. The center axis 21 can be moved to a position where the center axis line 21 will appear on the water surface.
Therefore, the roller 2 moves up and down substantially in response to a change in draft, and the range of the roller 2 can be moved up and down substantially within the maximum range of the hollow portion. In this manner, the surface portion of the outer surface of the roller 2 in the stern direction is disposed close to the hull 1. That is, the water entrained by the roller 2 causes a vortex or the like in the portion between them, and the space between the portions is made as short as possible to minimize the resistance due to this entrainment flow.

FIG. 2A is a view showing a state where the hull 1 is submerged to a predetermined waterline, and the water surface 4 is located exactly at the waterline. In this case, the water flow 401 hitting the bow flows along the surface of the roller 2 to the hull bottom 12, and it is possible to eliminate the water resistance at the bow 11 portion. Therefore, the resistance of the water flow is converted into a circular motion of the roller, so that the resistance of the water received by the hull itself can be eliminated and the water flow can flow to the hull bottom, and the water flow flowing to the hull bottom also flows in the stern direction. Water flow can be regulated as

FIG. 2B is a view showing a case where the water surface 4 is located below a predetermined draft line of the hull 1, that is, a state where the draft is shallow, in which the column 3 moves to the lower end direction of the cut 14 and the center of the roller 2 is moved. It is a figure showing the state where axis 21 moved to the lower part. By moving the roller 2 substantially downward in this manner, the center axis 21 of the roller 2 can be moved to a position higher than the water surface 4, and the water stream 401 at the bow 11 is brought into contact with the roller 2 most efficiently. Is converted into the rotation 201 of the roller 2 and the water flow 401 can flow to the hull bottom 12.

FIG. 2C is a view showing a state in which the water surface 4 is located above the draft line of the hull 1, that is, a state in which the draft is deep. It is a figure showing the state where axis 21 moved to the upper part. Thus, the roller 2 moves substantially upward 202
As a result, the center axis 21 of the roller 2 can be moved to a position higher than the water surface 4, and the water flow 401 of the bow 11 can be brought into contact with the roller 2 most efficiently as described above, and the resistance of the water can be reduced by the rotation 201 of the roller 2. And the water stream 401 can flow to the hull bottom 12. In this case, the bottom of the bow 11 is slightly separated from the roller 2 and a slight entrainment flow is generated. However, the water flow can eliminate the water resistance extremely efficiently as compared with the case where the roller 2 is not used. In the case of such a shape, for example, the bottom is protruded in the direction of the roller 2 by automatic control so that the roller 2
If such a structure is provided, the entrainment flow can be sufficiently prevented.

The outer surface of the roller 2 shown in FIG. 2 employs a large number of dimple structures. This dimple structure makes it easy for the dimple surface 22 to convert the resistance caused by the contact between the water and the roller 2 when the resistance of the water on the roller 2 is applied to the rotation of the roller 2 by the dimple surface 22. It is possible to help rotation.
Therefore, the resistance of the water is extremely well transmitted to the roller 2 and is easily converted into the rotational movement of the roller 2, so that the rotation 201 of the roller 2 can be performed efficiently. Therefore, the resistance of the water at the front of the hull when converting the motive power of the ship into propulsion is reduced by the roller 2.
Can be eliminated as much as possible.

FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which a roller 2 is disposed on a bow 11 of a projecting hull 1 by a column 3 and also on both sides of a hull side 13. It is a figure which shows the state in which the hull side part roller 5 is arrange | positioned horizontally with the roller 2 of a bow. With this configuration, water from the traveling direction of the hull 1 is also removed from the hull bottom 12.
This allows not only the water resistance at the bow 11 but also the water resistance to the side 13 of the hull to flow toward the hull bottom 12. In addition, since the resistance of water in portions other than the bow 11 can be eliminated,
Necessary hull side rollers 5 can be provided according to the hull shape, and can be applied to a hull having a special shape. The rollers 5 provided on both sides of the hull may be arranged in a plurality or a large number in the rear direction of the hull according to the shape of the hull.
These may be appropriately arranged according to the hull shape. Even in such a case, for example, by using a dimple shape on the outer surface of the roller 5, the resistance of water can be easily converted to the rotation of the roller 5.

[0023]

Advantages of the Invention By using the hull structure according to the present invention, the resistance of water applied to the bow portion is eliminated by the rotation of the rollers, and the water flow in the bow portion can flow toward the hull bottom along the curved surface of the rollers with the rotation of the rollers. It is possible to eliminate the resistance of water on the bow portion when the ship is moving. Therefore, there is no water resistance when the ship is traveling, and the motive power of the ship can be efficiently converted to propulsion, and the propulsion can be improved.

2. In particular, by making the outer surface of the roller a dimple structure, the resistance of water can be easily received by the dimple portion, and the water flow can efficiently flow along the curved surface when the roller rotates. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently convert the resistance of the water into the rotation of the rollers, and to improve the flow of the water flow to efficiently flow in the direction toward the bottom of the hull.

3. The most efficient location where the rollers can be moved to the position where the rollers rotate most efficiently even when the draft fluctuates due to cargo loading, ship speed, weather, etc. Can be positioned.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a hull structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view showing another embodiment of the hull structure according to the present invention, showing a state in which rollers are arranged below the bow portion.

FIG. 3 is a view showing another embodiment of the hull structure according to the present invention, showing a state in which rollers are provided not only on the bow but also on the side of the hull.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 hull 11 bow 12 hull bottom 13 hull side 14 cut 2 roller 21 center axis 22 dimple surface 201 roller rotation direction 202 roller movement direction 3 support 31 support post fulcrum 302 support movement direction 4 water surface 401 water flow 5 ship side roller 51 Center axis

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A hull structure in which a rotatable roller 2 is disposed on a bow 11 of a hull 1, the roller 2 having a central axis 21 disposed in a width direction of the hull 1 and a center thereof. The axis 21 is disposed above the water surface, and water in the hull traveling direction comes into contact with the outer surface of the roller 2, and along with the curved surface of the roller 2 as the roller 2 rotates, the hull bottom 1
A hull structure characterized by flowing in two directions. 2. The hull structure according to claim 1, wherein a lower portion of the bow 11 of the hull 1 is hollow, and the rollers 2 are disposed in the lower portion. 3. The hull structure according to claim 1, wherein the outer surface of the roller 2 has a dimple structure. 4. The roller 2 is connected to a hull 1 by a column 3, and the column 3 is pivotally supported by the hull 1 so as to be able to swing or move, so that the position of the roller 2 can be moved substantially vertically. , Roller 2 due to fluctuations in the water surface while the hull is moving
The hull structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the center axis 21 can be positioned above the water surface. 5. The roller according to claim 1, wherein the length of the roller 2 in the axial direction is slightly longer than the width of the hull 1 to 2/3 of the width of the hull 1. The hull structure according to any one of the above. 6. A hull-side roller 5 is disposed on a hull-side portion 13 together with the roller 2;
The center axis 51 of the hull side roller 5 is disposed horizontally with the center axis 21 of the roller 2, and the center axis 51 of the hull side roller 5 is located above the water surface. The water in the direction contacts the outer surface of the roller 5 and flows toward the bottom of the hull along the curved surface of the roller 5 as the roller 5 rotates.
A hull structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5.