JP2000142554A - Ship with hull posture control function - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To navigate a ship by keeping a hull in the posture in an optimum draft condition. SOLUTION: A member 4 for changing the flow direction which is projected downward of a stern in a downwardly inclined manner below the draft and changes the flow of sea water 3 in the downward direction W, and a cylinder device 6 to change the angle A of inclination of the member 4 for changing the flow direction are provided on the stern, and a control part to change the angle A of inclination of the member 4 for changing the flow direction by controlling the cylinder device 6 according to the ship speed is provided. Since the magnitude of the reaction F generated on the stern can be adjusted by changing the angle A of inclination of the member 4 for changing the flow direction, a hull can be kept in the posture in an optimum draft condition.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a ship having a hull attitude control function.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In general, the hull form of a ship is designed so that resistance to a planned speed is minimized according to a determined cruising condition. As shown in FIG. 11, the hull 41 was kept in an optimal draft state.

[0003]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional type, in a general hull form, as shown in FIG. 12, the attitude of the hull 41 changes variously depending on the traveling speed and the loaded state, so that the bow is increased. Hull 41
Cannot be maintained in an optimum drafting posture, thereby increasing the resistance and decreasing the speed of the ship.

[0004] It is an object of the present invention to maintain a hull in an optimum draft state.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, a ship having a hull attitude control function according to the first aspect of the present invention is configured such that a part of the stern inclines downward under draft and projects downward from the stern. It is formed as a flow direction changing member for changing the flow of the fluid downward, and the stern is provided with an angle changing device for changing an inclination angle of the flow direction changing member. A control unit for changing the inclination angle is provided.

[0006] According to this, when the ship is sailing, the flow of the fluid (seawater or fresh water, etc.) is bent downward in the traveling direction by the flow direction changing member, so that the reaction force of the fluid flowing downward is Occurs upward on the stern side. The magnitude of this reaction force can be adjusted by changing the inclination angle of the flow direction changing member by the angle changing device, and therefore, when the bow side is in an upward posture than the optimal posture according to the boat speed, The angle changing device increases the inclination angle of the flow direction changing member to increase the reaction force generated on the stern side. This raises the stern side,
The bow side relatively sinks, and as a result, the hull is maintained in an optimal draft state.

When the reaction force generated on the stern side in accordance with the ship speed becomes too large, and the stern side becomes an upward posture than the optimal posture, the inclination angle of the flow direction changing member is reduced by the angle changing device. Thus, the reaction force generated on the stern side is reduced. As a result, the stern side sinks, so that the bow side is relatively lifted, and as a result, the hull is maintained in the optimal draft state.

A ship having a hull attitude control function according to the second aspect of the present invention is provided with a movable wing that is rotatable up and down under draft at an aft portion of the hull, and an angle changing device that changes the angle of attack by rotating the movable wing. And a control unit for changing the angle of attack of the movable wing according to the boat speed is provided.

According to this, when the ship is sailing, an upward lift is generated on the movable wing, and the magnitude of the lift can be adjusted by changing the angle of attack by the angle changing device. Therefore, when the bow side is in an upward posture from the optimal posture in accordance with the ship speed, the angle changing device rotates the movable wing to increase the angle of attack,
Since the lift generated on the movable wing is increased, the stern side is lifted and the bow side is relatively lowered, and as a result, the hull is maintained in the optimum draft state.

In addition, when the lift generated on the movable wing in accordance with the ship speed becomes too large, and the stern side becomes an upward posture than the optimal posture, the movable blade is rotated by the angle changing device to reduce the angle of attack. By doing so, the lift generated on the movable wings is reduced, so that the stern side sinks and the bow side is relatively lifted, and as a result, the hull is maintained in the optimal draft state.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, a concave space 2 is formed at the stern of the hull 1 of the ship 9, and a plate-like shape that changes the flow of seawater 3 (fluid) downward is formed inside the concave space 2. A flow direction changing member 4 is provided.

That is, the front end of the flow direction changing member 4 is attached under the draft of the stern via a pair of left and right pins 5, and the flow direction changing member 4 rotates vertically about the pin 5. It is freely configured.

The flow direction changing member 4 constitutes a part of the stern when retracted into the concave space 2 as shown in FIG. 2, and from below the concave space 2 as shown in FIG. To change the flow direction of the seawater downward W in a state in which it is turned downward and protrudes below the stern.

At the stern, there is provided a hydraulic cylinder device 6 (angle changing device) for changing the inclination angle A of the flow direction changing member 4 by rotating the flow direction changing member 4. The hydraulic cylinder device 6 is located above the flow direction changing member 4, and the tip of the piston rod 7 of the hydraulic cylinder device 6 is connected to the rear end of the flow direction changing member 4.

The flow direction changing member 4 and the hydraulic cylinder device 6 are located behind a propeller 10 for propulsion and a rudder 11 for changing direction provided on the hull 1.
Further, the hull 1 is provided with a control unit 8 that changes the inclination angle A of the flow direction changing member 4 by controlling the hydraulic cylinder device 6 according to the boat speed.

According to this, as shown in FIG. 1, by projecting the piston rod 7 of the hydraulic cylinder device 6, the flow direction changing member 4 rotates downward from inside the recessed space 2 and moves downward to the stern. Protrude. At this time, the controller 8 controls the amount of retreat of the piston rod 7 of the hydraulic cylinder device 6 according to the boat speed, whereby the inclination angle A of the flow direction changing member 4 is adjusted.

When the ship 9 is made to travel in a state where the flow direction changing member 4 is inclined downward and protrudes below the stern, the flow of the seawater 3 hits the flow direction changing member 4. Since it is bent downward W relative to the running direction, the reaction force F of the seawater 3 flowing downward is generated upward on the stern side. The magnitude of the reaction force F can be adjusted by changing the inclination angle A of the flow direction changing member 4 by the hydraulic cylinder device 6.

Therefore, when the bow side is in an upward position from the optimum position in accordance with the ship speed, the piston rod 7 of the hydraulic cylinder device 6 projects under the control of the control unit 8 and the inclination angle of the flow direction changing member 4 A increases, and the reaction force F generated on the stern side increases. As a result, the stern side is raised, so that the bow side relatively sinks, and as a result, the hull 1 is maintained in an optimal draft state.

If the reaction force F becomes too large in accordance with the ship speed and the stern side becomes an upward posture from an optimal posture, the piston rod 7 of the hydraulic cylinder device 6 retreats under the control of the control unit 8. As a result, the inclination angle A of the flow direction changing member 4 decreases, and the reaction force F generated on the stern side decreases. As a result, the stern side sinks, so that the bow side is relatively lifted, and as a result, the hull 1 is maintained in an optimal draft state. Further, when the reaction force F becomes excessively large and the stern side becomes an upward posture more than the optimal posture as described above, the flow direction changing member 4 is protruded downward from the stern, and the recessed space 2 is removed. In some cases, the reaction force F is eliminated by retreating to the inside.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the Froude number Fn and the hull resistance R of the ship 9 having the flow direction changing member 4 as described above and the conventional ship not having the flow direction changing member 4. This shows the relationship. according to this,
As described above, the hull resistance R is reduced when the hull 1 is maintained in the optimal draft state by using the flow direction changing member 4 as compared with a ship that does not include the flow direction changing member 4. I do.

The Froude number Fn = V / (g × L)
^1/2 is defined, V is the speed of the ship, L is the ship length, g denotes a gravitational acceleration. In the above embodiment, the flow direction changing member 4 is rotated using the hydraulic cylinder device 6, but an air cylinder device or a motor may be used. Also,
In the above embodiment, the ship 9 is a monohull, but may be a catamaran.

Also, as shown in FIG.
4 to control the pitching of the hull 1 to be small by changing the inclination angle A of the flow direction changing member 4 in accordance with the wave height measured by the wave height meter 14. Is also possible.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
A description will be given based on FIG. As shown in FIGS.
The ship 20 is a catamaran having two hulls 21, and is of a water jet type in which seawater 3 is injected from the stern of both hulls 1 to obtain propulsion. Each of the stern portions of the two hulls 1 has a movable wing 22 that is rotatable,
Hydraulic cylinder device 23 that changes angle of attack B by rotating 2
(An example of an angle changing device). That is, the movable wing 22 is attached under the draft at the stern portion through a pair of left and right pins 24 horizontally inserted into the front end thereof, and is configured to be rotatable vertically about the pin 24. I have. The hydraulic cylinder device 23 is located above the movable wing 22, and the tip of the piston rod 25 is connected to the rear of the movable wing 22.

The movable blade 22 and the hydraulic cylinder device 2
3 is located forward of a seawater injection port (not shown) provided at the rear end of the hull 21. Furthermore, the hull 21
Is provided with a control unit 26 that changes the angle of attack B of both movable wings 22 by controlling both hydraulic cylinder devices 23 according to the boat speed.

According to this, as shown in FIG. 6, by projecting the piston rod 25 of the hydraulic cylinder device 23, the movable wing 22 is turned from the horizontal position to the inclined position with the rear portion downward. At this time, the controller 26 controls the amount of movement of the piston rod 25 of the hydraulic cylinder device 23 according to the boat speed, so that the angle of attack B of the movable wing 22 is adjusted.

When the ship 20 is sailed in such a state, an upward lift P is generated on the movable wing 22, and the magnitude of the lift P is changed by changing the angle of attack B of the movable wing 22 by the hydraulic cylinder device 23. Can be adjusted.

Therefore, when the bow side is in an upward position from the optimum position in accordance with the ship speed, the control of the control unit 26 controls the piston rods 25 of both hydraulic cylinder devices 23.
Projecting, the angle of attack B of both movable wings 22 increases, and the lift P increases. This raises the stern side,
The bow side relatively sinks, and as a result, both hulls 21 are maintained in an optimal draft state.

If the lift P becomes excessively large in accordance with the ship speed and the stern side becomes more upward than the optimum posture, the piston rods 25 of the two hydraulic cylinder devices 23 retreat under the control of the control unit 26. As a result, the angle of attack B of both movable wings 22 decreases, and the lift P decreases. This allows
Since the stern side sinks, the bow side is relatively lifted, and as a result, both hulls 21 are maintained in an optimal draft state.

Further, since the flow of the seawater 3 at the stern is smoothened by the movable wings 22, the stern-side wave break is improved, and the wave generated from the stern can be reduced.

The graph of FIG. 10 shows the movable wing 2 as described above.
The Froude number Fn and the hull resistance R of a twin-hulled vessel 20 equipped with
It shows the relationship with. According to this, the hull resistance R is reduced when the hull 21 is maintained in the optimal draft state by using the movable wings 22 as described above, as compared with a boat that does not include the movable wings 22.

In the above embodiment, the ship 20 is a catamaran, but may be a monohull. Further, in the above embodiment, the movable blade 22 is rotated using the hydraulic cylinder device 23, but an air cylinder device or a motor may be used.

[0032]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, when the bow side is in an upward posture from the optimal posture in accordance with the boat speed, the inclination angle of the flow direction changing member is increased by the angle changing device. Then, by increasing the reaction force generated on the stern side, the stern side is lifted, so that the bow side relatively sinks, and as a result, the hull is maintained in the optimal draft state.

If the reaction force generated on the stern side in accordance with the ship speed becomes too large and the stern side becomes an upward posture than the optimum posture, the inclination angle of the flow direction changing member is reduced by the angle changing device. Then, by reducing the reaction force generated on the stern side, the stern side sinks, so that the bow side is relatively lifted, and as a result, the hull is maintained in the optimal draft state.

Further, according to the second aspect of the present invention, when the bow side is in an upward posture from the optimal posture in accordance with the ship speed, the movable blade is rotated by the angle changing device to increase the angle of attack. , Because the lift generated on the movable wings increases,
The stern side is raised and the bow side relatively sinks, and as a result, the hull is maintained in the optimum draft attitude.

If the reaction force generated on the stern side in accordance with the ship speed becomes too large and the stern side becomes an upward posture than the optimum posture, the movable blade is rotated by the angle changing device to increase the angle of attack. By making the size smaller, the lift generated on the movable wings is reduced, so that the stern side sinks and the bow side is lifted relatively, and as a result, the hull is maintained in the optimal draft state.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway side view showing a configuration of a stern portion of a marine vessel according to a first embodiment of the present invention, showing a state in which a flow direction changing member is inclined.

FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway side view showing the configuration of the stern of the ship, showing a state in which the flow direction changing member is horizontal without being inclined.

FIG. 3 is a view as viewed from an arrow aa in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of the same ship.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the Froude number and the hull resistance.

FIG. 6 is a partially cutaway side view showing a configuration of a stern portion of a ship according to a second embodiment of the present invention, showing a state where movable wings are inclined.

FIG. 7 is a partially cutaway side view showing the configuration of the stern portion of the ship, showing a state where the movable wing is horizontal without being inclined.

FIG. 8 is a schematic side view of the same ship.

FIG. 9 is a schematic plan view of the same ship.

FIG. 10 is a graph showing the relationship between the Froude number and the hull resistance.

FIG. 11 is a schematic side view of a conventional ship.

FIG. 12 is a schematic side view of a conventional marine vessel, showing a posture in which a bow has risen too much.

[Explanation of symbols]

 4 Flow direction changing member 6 Hydraulic cylinder device (Angle changing device) 8 Control unit 9 Vessel 20 Vessel 21 Hull 22 Movable wing 23 Hydraulic cylinder device (Angle changing device) 26 Control unit A Tilt angle B Attack angle

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Masami Hikino 1-7-89 Minami Kohoku, Suminoe-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Inside Hitachi Zosen Corporation

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A part of a stern is formed as a flow direction changing member that inclines downward under draft and projects downward from the stern to change the flow of fluid downward, and the stern has a flow direction changing member. A ship having a hull attitude control function, comprising: an angle changing device that changes an inclination angle of a boat; and a control unit that changes an inclination angle of the flow direction changing member according to a boat speed. 2. A wing portion of a hull is provided with movable wings rotatable vertically under draft and an angle changing device for changing the angle of attack by rotating the movable wings. A ship having a hull attitude control function, comprising a control unit for changing an angle of attack of a wing.