JP2002013382A - Square shaft excavation device and work execution method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for constructing a square basement with the same simplicity as that possible when constructing a basement by means of a circular casing by using a square casing to eliminate the inconveniences of the cylindrical basement. SOLUTION: Four sets of linearly reciprocating digging blades are provided at a lower end of the square casing, and the lower end of the square casing is digged and pressed in simultaneously to construct a square shaft. Pressurization, digging of the inside of the square casing, and discharge of the soil are done by an exclusive square shaft excavation device. The digging blades and their driving device are removed after excavation is completed for repetitive use.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a square casing for excavating a square shaft, and a dedicated shaft excavator for the square casing.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Various methods have been conventionally used for excavating a shaft in the ground. The main one is the liner plate method. This is a method of constructing a shaft with a circular or oval retaining structure that is assembled by inserting a liner segment into the lower part of the liner every time the shaft is dug. It tends to gradually decline due to the necessity of ground improvement for preventing spring water and the necessity of manual work.

Next, there is a sheet pile method. In this method, a sheet pile is driven into the ground for earth retaining, and the soil surrounded by the sheet pile is excavated. Even with this method, the above-described ground improvement is necessary, and there is a possibility that vibration and noise pollution may occur. However, it is often used because it can be constructed even in a large shaft.

Recently, a circular casing method has been widely adopted. In this method, a circular casing is press-fitted with reciprocating rotation or rotation by a shaft excavator to excavate the inside. Since the excavation is carried out with the water accumulated, no ground improvement is required, and it is an excellent construction method with features such that there is no need for humans to enter the shaft until the construction is completed. However, the inability to excavate large shafts and the circular cross section may be inconvenient when using shafts.

[0005]

In the above three methods, the only method for excavating a square shaft is the sheet pile method. However, the present invention provides an apparatus and a method for easily excavating a square shaft as in the case of the circular casing method.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A rectangular casing is used in place of a circular casing, and the circular casing drives a cutting edge provided at the lower end by reciprocating or rotating motion of the circular casing. Is a method in which a reciprocating digging blade is directly attached to each of the four sides at the lower end and a rectangular casing is press-fitted. In addition, this press-fitting is performed with a dedicated shaft excavator, as in the case of the circular casing.
Perform with a press-fit jack. In this case, since the friction of the square casing itself against the ground is only due to the movement in the press-fitting direction, the friction is smaller than in the case of the circular casing which also performs the swiveling motion, and the power loss is also reduced.

As in the case of the circular casing, the rectangular casing is buried as a retaining wall when excavation is completed.
The set of cutting blades is removed and used repeatedly with its drive.

[0008]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention has realized that a square shaft can be easily excavated by means similar to a shaft excavation method using a circular casing, without using a sheet pile method.

[0009]

FIG. 1 shows a state in which a square shaft is excavated by a square shaft excavation apparatus 1. (A) is a side view and (b) is an XX cross-sectional view. The square shaft excavator 1 includes a rectangular casing 2, a holding frame 3 and a press-fit frame 4, a press-fit jack 5, a crane 6 and a self-propelled motor vehicle 8 having a grab bucket 7 suspended by the crane 6.

First, the rectangular casing 2 has a rectangular tubular shape assembled from four steel flat plates, and has a serrated cutting edge 9 at the lower end. The digging blade 9 is driven linearly by a digging cylinder 10 to dig the ground. The press-in reaction force of the excavating blade 9 facing upward is received by reaction force rollers 11 at both ends of the excavating blade.

This rectangular casing 2 is supported by a U-shaped holding frame 3 and is pushed downward by a press-fitting jack 5 connecting the press-fitting frame 4 for holding the upper end of the rectangular casing 2 and the holding frame 2. The reaction force of the press-fit is supported by the weight of the weight 12 and the self-propelled driving vehicle 8, and the inclination of the holding frame 3 is adjusted by the outrigger 13.

A self-propelled motor vehicle 8 is equipped with a crane 6 capable of turning, undulating, expanding and contracting, and a power-operated grab bucket 7 is suspended. The self-propelled vehicle 8 is capable of small movements and is a power source for the above-mentioned devices.

The excavation holds the rectangular casing 2 and the holding frame 3
And press downward with the press-fit jack 5. The four sets of excavating blades 9 at the lower end of the rectangular casing 2 are self-propelled driving vehicles 8.
Is driven by a reciprocating digging cylinder 10 supplied with hydraulic pressure from a hose to excavate the ground in the press-fitting direction of the rectangular casing. The stroke of the digging blade 1 is a small width of one or two pitches of the knives, and a power source is provided at four corners of the rectangular casing so that the digging blades do not collide with each other and that no excavation remains. The operation is automatically controlled by. The inside of the rectangular casing 2 is excavated and excavated by the grab bucket 7. As a method of excavation, the excavation surface of the grab bucket 7 is excavated below the excavation blade 9 of the rectangular casing, that is, so-called first excavation and excavation blade There is a so-called rear excavation in which the excavation surface of the grab bucket 7 is made to precede the excavation surface 9, and this is used depending on the condition of the ground at the site.

After the excavation work is completed, a person is put inside while exchanging water, and the excavating blade and the excavating cylinder are removed so that they can be used repeatedly and landed.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a square shaft excavation process. (A) is the initial stage of press-fitting of the rectangular casing 2,
This shows a situation where the grab bucket 7 is digging first.
(B) shows a state in which press-fitting is performed to the full stroke of the press-fitting cylinder, and an idle casing 14 for press-fitting the rectangular casing below the ground is added. When excavation proceeds in this way, spring water is generated, but excavation proceeds underwater. In this way, by digging up the water to the groundwater level and excavating underwater, it is possible to prevent spouting of spring water and collapse of the ground due to water pressure, and stable excavation becomes possible. (C) shows a state in which the first water change is performed, the excavating blade 9 and the like are removed, the bottom slab concrete 15 is poured underwater to remove the idle casing 14, and the spring water is again collected. The idle casing 14 is also used repeatedly. By laying the bottom slab concrete in water in this way, it is possible to prevent the concrete before solidification from being damaged by spring water or collapse of the ground. (D) shows an example of a completed basement. The basement is completed by attaching the top plate 16, attaching the entrance 17 and the stairs 18.

FIG. 3 shows details of one rectangular casing. The digging blade 9 is driven by a digging cylinder 10 via a rod 19. There are reaction rollers 11 at both ends of the excavating blade 9 to receive an upward press-in reaction force. The lower bracket 21 reinforces the rectangular casing 2 and constitutes a support member for the excavating blade 9 and its driving device, and is fastened by bolts 20. When the bolt 20 is removed, the digging blade 9 and the like can be easily removed. The upper bracket 22 also serves as a reinforcing member for the rectangular casing 2 and serves as a receiving member for the idle casing,
Also serves as a top plate bracket.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line YY of FIG.
0 part is shown. The drilling cylinder 10 adheres to the side of the rectangular casing, and the rod 19 drives a core bar 23 connected to the drilling blade 9, and the core bar 23 slides between the rectangular casing 2 and the skirt 24 of the drive cylinder box. When the bolt 20 is removed, the excavating cylinder 10 and the excavating blade 9 can be removed.
FIG. 5 shows the reaction roller 11 in the ZZ section of FIG.

[0018]

[Effect of the Invention] Compared to a basement constructed with a circular shaft,
Structures such as stairs are simplified, and arrangement and usability of equipment such as shelves are improved.

In the case of a basement where area efficiency is required on a narrow site, a square shape is more advantageous than a circular shape.

When used in a shaft for propulsion work, a larger propulsion device can be installed compared to a shaft with a circular casing.

A square shaft can be easily constructed in substantially the same manner as a shaft with a circular casing.

Since there is no lateral relative movement with the ground, less power is required for press-fitting, and a hydraulic supply pipe, a lubrication supply pipe, and a vertical reinforcement outside the casing, which were impossible with a circular casing. Etc. are attached.

Since the drilling blade can be removed and used repeatedly, it is expensive.
High-performance drilling blades can be used, and drilling efficiency can be increased.

Since the square shaft excavator is compactly packed, it can be used effectively even in a narrow place like a circular shaft.

For the self-propelled driving vehicle, a shaft excavator with a circular casing can be used.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a state of excavation by a square shaft excavator.
(A) is a side view and (b) is an XX cross-sectional view.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a square shaft excavation process. (A)
Indicates the initial stage of press-fitting the rectangular casing. (B) shows a state in which the press-fitting cylinder has been press-fitted to the full stroke and the idle casing 14 has been added. (C) shows a state in which the first water change is performed, the excavation blade and the like are removed, the spring water is stored again, the bottom slab concrete is poured in water, and the idle casing is removed. (D) shows an example of a completed basement.

FIG. 3 shows details of one rectangular casing.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line YY of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line ZZ of FIG. 3, showing a reaction roller portion;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Square shaft excavation apparatus 2 Square casing 3 Holding frame 4 Press-fit frame 5 Press-fit jack 6 Crane 7 Grab bucket 8 Self-propelled driving vehicle 9 Drilling blade 10 Drill cylinder 11 Reaction force roller 12 Weight 13 Outrigger 14 Idle casing 15 Bottom concrete 16 Heaven Plate 17 Doorway 18 Stairs 19 Rod 20 Bolt 21 Lower bracket 22 Upper bracket 23 Core bar 24 Skirt

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A rectangular casing having a reciprocating digging blade on four sides at a lower end, a frame holding the rectangular casing, and a press-fitting jack of the rectangular casing having a point of attachment to the frame. A square shaft excavating device comprising a grab bucket suspended by a crane, comprising a cutting blade of the rectangular casing, the press-fitting jack, the crane, and a self-propelled motor vehicle capable of supplying power to the grab bucket.