JP2002005063A - Rotary compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rotary compressor which can secure low friction, stable wear resistance, and light weight even under severe lubricating conditions. SOLUTION: A rotary compressor comprises a vane which has a slide part surface-treated with A-group (Ni-P-W-B electroless plating film, Ni-P-B electroless plating film, PTFE dispersion Ni-P electroless plating film, diamond state carbon film, anodic oxide coating impregnating nitride film or PTFE), and further coated with a solid lubricating material containing MoS2, graphite or PTFE, and a mating slide member surface-treated with A-group or B-group (ALMITE film or Ni-P electroless plating film), wherein the solid lubricating material is further fixed to any one or both of the surface treated slide parts of the vane and the mating slide part.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rotary compressor vane which is a component of a rotary compressor used in an air conditioner for home appliances, a car air conditioner, a refrigerator, and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A rotary compressor is used as a compressor for sucking and compressing a refrigerant in an air conditioner, a refrigerator or the like because of its advantages in volume efficiency, power saving and low noise.

As shown in the sectional views of FIGS. 1 and 2, the rotary compressor transmits the rotational motion of a motor to a rotor via a main shaft pin portion, and the rotor rotates eccentrically in the cylinder to thereby rotate the cylinder. The compressor compresses the refrigerant gas at a portion inside the cylinder divided by the vanes held in the cylinder.

[0004] As another rotary compressor, there is a rotary compressor in which a vane is held by a rotor as shown in sectional views of FIGS.
In this case, the reciprocating motion between the vane plane and the rotor groove,
The sliding form is a one-way movement between the vane tip and the cylinder inner periphery, and a combined one-way movement and reciprocating movement between the vane side surface and the side plate surface. Further, as another embodiment of such a compressor in which the vane is arranged on the rotor, as shown in a perspective view of the rotor and the vane in FIG. Some of them penetrate through. At this time, each vane can move in the radial direction in the rotor.

The sliding end of the vane is pressed against the sliding surface of the rotor, the cylinder, or the side plate by pressing a gas or a spring on an end portion that is not in sliding contact with the sliding surface, so that the sliding end is pressed. Also, the wear performance of the vane and the rotor, cylinder or side plate that holds the vane reduces the compressor's compression performance.Therefore, sliding parts such as the vane and the rotor, cylinder or side plate that hold the vane have high wear resistance. Has been requested.

[0006] This vane is formed by coating a substrate made of a material such as steel (stainless steel, tool steel), a sintered alloy, or an aluminum composite with a hard surface coating film such as a CrN film by a PVD method or a CVD method. (For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-136784) and those coated with Ni-P (for example, WO98 / 31849) are known. Further, cast iron is generally used for the rotor, cylinder or side plate.

[0007]

However, in recent years, there has been an increasing demand for lighter and smaller vane type rotary compressors, and several problems have emerged. When the size is reduced, the lubricating oil is liable to slip under dry conditions, for example, because the lubricating oil amount does not reach the sliding portion when the compressor is started at the time of starting the engine when the amount of lubricating oil is reduced. Therefore, under recent severe lubricating conditions, especially under dry conditions and poor lubricating conditions, the friction is high, the movement of the vane is deteriorated, the compressor lock and abnormal wear are easily generated, and the problem of seizure easily occurs. In the situation.

As a material for reducing the weight, an aluminum material is preferably used.
No. 0-136784 describes that when an aluminum material is used as a vane base material, nitriding treatment is performed on the vane surface. However, it is desirable to ensure more excellent wear resistance. Particularly with the trend of further weight reduction, aluminum material tends to be used for both the vane and its mating material (rotor, cylinder, etc.). Security is desired.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a rotary compressor which can secure low friction and stable wear resistance even under severe lubrication conditions. A further object of the present invention is to provide a low friction and stable resistance even when the base material of the sliding member is made of an aluminum material, particularly when both the vane base material and the sliding partner base material of the vane are made of an aluminum material. It is an object of the present invention to provide a lightweight rotary compressor capable of obtaining abrasion.

[0010]

It has been found that the above objects of the present invention can be attained by the following constitutions (1) to (3).

(1) The vane sliding portion is subjected to at least one surface treatment selected from the following group A,
A rotary compressor to which a solid lubricating material containing at least one compound selected from S ₂ , graphite and PTFE is fixed. (Group A) Ni-P-WB electroless plating film, Ni-P
-B electroless plating film, PTFE dispersed Ni-P electroless plating film, diamond-like carbon film (DLC), nitride film, and alumite film impregnated with PTFE (tuffram treated film)

(2) The sliding portion of at least one sliding member selected from a rotor, a cylinder, and a side plate is subjected to at least one surface treatment selected from the group A and the group B described below. Features a rotary compressor. (Group B) Alumite film and Ni-P electroless plating film

(3) The vane sliding portion is subjected to at least one surface treatment selected from the group A, and the sliding portion of at least one mating sliding member selected from the rotor, the cylinder, and the side plate is provided with: Applying at least one surface treatment selected from the group A and the group B, and selecting one or both of the vane sliding portion and the mating sliding portion from MoS ₂ , graphite, and PTFE. A rotary compressor, wherein a solid lubricating material containing at least one compound is fixed.

[0014]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The base material of the vane and the base material of the sliding member (rotor, cylinder and side plate) of the present invention are not particularly limited, and materials known in the art can be used. , Steel, stainless steel, etc., copper alloys,
Examples thereof include a metal such as an aluminum alloy, and a resin. In particular, from the viewpoint of weight reduction, it is preferable to use an aluminum material, preferably an aluminum alloy, for at least one of the vane substrate and the mating sliding member, preferably both.

As the aluminum alloy, various aluminum alloy wrought or cast materials (ADC12, ADT6)
Etc.) can be used, and Fe,
An aluminum alloy powder to which a heavy metal such as Ni or Mo is added in a large amount, which is formed by a powder metallurgy method, can also be used. These powder metallurgy molding materials are SHORIK
(Showa Denko KK) and Sumi Altako (Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.). Most wrought aluminum alloys are overaged when heat-treated at 200 ° C for 20 hours or more.
It is necessary to select 2218 alloy as a material even in the 00 system. If the heat treatment time is less than 10 hours, most heat treatment type aluminum alloys do not overage. Among them, high strength alloys such as 2214 are also included.

In order to improve the adhesion of each of the coatings described in the above-mentioned group A or group B to the aluminum alloy as a raw material, it is preferable to sequentially perform the following pretreatments. Alkaline degreasing (50 ° C x 5 minutes, use of alkaline degreasing agent) Alkaline etching (50 ° C x 40 seconds, NaOH bath) Smut removal (27 ° C x 40 seconds, cleaning bath mainly composed of nitric acid) Zinc displacement plating (1 ) (27 ° C x 25 seconds, zincate bath) Zinc peeling (27 ° C x 60 seconds, 50% nitric acid) Zinc displacement plating treatment (2) (27 ° C x 25 seconds, zincate bath)

In the present invention, at least one surface treatment selected from the group A is applied to the vane, and at least one surface treatment selected from the groups A and B is applied to the mating sliding member. Each surface treatment is performed. The surface treatment is performed on at least all or a part of the sliding portion of each sliding member.

Among the above surface treatment films, DLC is a thin film made of carbon and having an amorphous structure composed of the same elements as diamond and graphite (graphite). The amorphous structure has both the s3 bond of diamond and the sp2 bond of graphite, and further has a CH bond originating from an organic material. Furthermore, silicon (Si) can be added for increasing the adhesion, and nitrogen (N) can be added for abrasion resistance. Examples of the method for manufacturing the DLC include high-frequency plasma and other CVD, high-frequency sputtering, and ion plating.

In the present invention, at least one of the surface-treated vane and the mating sliding member is further provided with Mo.
A solid lubricating material containing at least one compound selected from S ₂ , graphite and PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) is fixed. When the solid lubricating material is fixed to one side, it is preferable to apply the solid lubricating material to the side that intermittently contacts, rather than the side that constantly contacts during sliding. For example, in the case of a vane-cylinder combination, it is preferable to apply it to the cylinder side. It is also preferable to apply to both the vane and the mating sliding member.

As the MoS ₂ , polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and graphite used in the present invention, any known solid lubricant in a sliding material can be used, and it is used as a solid lubricant together with a binder. be able to.

In the present invention, in particular, 0.5 to 5 wt% of graphite having an average particle diameter of 10 μm or more, 13 to 35 wt% of graphite having an average particle diameter of less than 10 μm, and PTFE 0.5 having an average particle diameter of 7 μm or more -10
PTFE having a wt% and an average particle size of less than 7 μm
It is preferable to use 0 wt% in combination.

In the present invention, calcined PTFE can also be preferably used. Here, the baked PTFE refers to a PTFE powder obtained by suspension polymerization or emulsion polymerization, which is raised (fired) to a melting temperature and then pulverized. Including things. In the present invention, it is preferable that the powder obtained by suspension polymerization is molded once, then calcined and pulverized. The powder obtained by suspension polymerization is used as a molding powder, and the powder obtained by emulsion polymerization is used as a fine powder. By using this calcined powder, a relatively hard PTFE can be obtained, and in addition to good low friction properties, good wear resistance can be obtained.

The calcined PTFE is granular, and the average particle size is not particularly limited. However, by using PTFE having an average particle size of 7 μm or more, a better low friction property is achieved, and furthermore, the abrasion resistance is improved. Is also good. On the other hand, by using PTFE having an average particle size of less than 7 μm,
Is finely dispersed in the binder, and has an effect of improving the friction characteristics of the binder, which is preferable. In particular, it is preferable to use PTFE having an average particle diameter of 7 μm or more in a combination of 0.5 to 10 wt% and PTFE having an average particle diameter of less than 7 μm in an amount of 2 to 30 wt%.

The graphite preferably has a high degree of crystallinity. In particular, the surface spacing is preferably 3.5 or less, which has the effect of stabilizing the friction torque during sliding. “Stabilizing the friction torch” means reducing the variation in the friction coefficient. The graphite may be either natural or artificial graphite, but artificial graphite is preferred from the viewpoint of abrasion resistance.

The average particle size of graphite is not particularly limited, but by using graphite having an average particle size of 10 μm or more, the abrasion resistance under load is further improved. On the other hand, the use of graphite having an average particle size of less than 10 μm is preferable because graphite is finely dispersed in the binder, thereby improving the wear characteristics of the binder and stabilizing the friction torch. Therefore, graphite having an average particle size of 10 μm or more is 0.5 to 0.5 μm.
5% by weight of graphite having an average particle size of less than 10 μm
It is preferable to use 35 wt% in combination.

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS ₂ ) has an effect of mainly improving seizure resistance under dry conditions. The average particle size is preferably 3 to 40 μm. Within this range, good film strength and abrasion resistance are obtained, and even under oil lubrication, the surface does not become rougher than the oil film, and good sliding characteristics are obtained. can get.

[0027] The content of PTFE contained in the solid lubricating material is preferably 10 to 40 wt%, more preferably 22 wt%.
To 35 wt%, and the content of graphite contained in the solid lubricating material is preferably 3 to 40 wt%, more preferably 5 to 30 wt%. The content of MoS ₂ is preferably 3 to 40% by weight. However, the total content of these solid lubricants is preferably 70% by weight or less in the coating material. When the content of PTFE is less than 10 wt%, lubrication to the sliding surface is insufficient and the friction coefficient is increased. On the other hand, when it exceeds 40 wt%, the material strength is reduced and the wear resistance is poor. In addition, when the graphite content is 3
If it is less than wt%, the load capacity becomes weak and the abrasion resistance is inferior. On the other hand, if it exceeds 40 wt%, lubrication to the sliding surface becomes insufficient and the friction coefficient increases.

Further, when PTFEs having different average particle sizes are used in combination, PTFE having an average particle size of 7 μm or more is used in an amount of 0.5 to 0.5 μm.
10 wt%, preferably 2 to 7 wt%, average particle size 7 μm
Less than 2-30 wt%, preferably 5-25 wt%
wt%. When the content of PTFE having an average particle size of 7 μm or more is less than 0.5 wt%, lubrication to the sliding surface becomes insufficient and the friction coefficient becomes high, and when it exceeds 10 wt%, the painted surface becomes rough and the friction coefficient becomes low. High, which is not desirable.
The content of PTFE having an average particle size of less than 7 μm is 2 wt.
%, The coated surface becomes rough and the coefficient of friction increases, and if it exceeds 30% by weight, the material strength is weakened and the wear resistance is poor, which is not preferable.

When graphites having different average particle sizes are used together, graphite having an average particle size of 10 μm or more is 0.5 to 5 wt%, preferably 1 to 3 wt%, and graphite having an average particle size of less than 10 μm is 13 to 10 wt%. 35 wt%, preferably 20 to 30 wt%. Average particle size 10μm
When the graphite content is less than 0.5 wt%, the load capacity becomes weak and the wear resistance is poor, and when it exceeds 5 wt%, the painted surface becomes rough and the friction coefficient becomes high, which is not preferable. When the content of graphite having an average particle diameter of less than 10 μm is less than 13 wt%, lubrication to the sliding surface becomes insufficient and the friction coefficient increases, and when it exceeds 35 wt%, the material strength becomes weak and the wear resistance becomes poor. Is inferior and not preferable.

The solid lubricating material of the present invention preferably uses a resin binder in order to adhere as a film. As the resin binder, a polyimide resin (P
I), polyamide-imide-based resin (PAI), epoxy resin, phenol resin and the like, and elastomers.
As the PI and PAI, specifically, a thermosetting resin such as an aromatic polyimide, a polyetherimide, a polyesterimide, or an aromatic polyamideimide, or a varnish of a diisocyanate-modified, BPDA-modified, or sulfone-modified resin is preferably used. Can be Further, an epoxy resin or a phenol resin is preferably used when low-temperature firing or low cost is required, and an elastomer is preferably used when minute movement is required.

The solid lubricating material of the present invention preferably contains 30 to 77% by weight of a resin binder. With this amount, the retention of the solid lubricant in the solid lubricating coating containing the thermosetting resin is maintained, and sufficient seizure resistance and conformability are obtained.

The solid lubricating material of the present invention may further contain an extreme pressure additive in addition to the above. Extreme pressure additives that can be used in the present invention include ZnS, Ag ₂ S,
CuS, FeS, FeS ₂ , Sb ₃ S ₂ , PbS, Bi ₂ S
₃ , sulfur-containing metal compounds such as CdS, tyrium,
Morpholine disulfide, dithio acid salts, sulfides, sulfoxides, sulfonic acids, thiophosphinates, thiocarbonates, dithiocarbamates, alkylthiocarbamoyls, sulfur-containing compounds such as sulfurized olefins, chlorinated hydrocarbons, etc. And organometallic compounds such as thiophosphate and thiocarbamate such as zinc dithiophosphate, and organic molybdenum compounds such as molybdenum dithiophosphate and molybdenum dithiocarbimate. By adding these extreme pressure additives, excellent sliding performance can be obtained even in oil, mixed lubrication, and boundary lubrication conditions.

In the present invention, an appropriate amount of an organic solvent (diluent) can be used in preparing a solid lubricating material. The organic solvent is used for adjusting the viscosity to facilitate mixing, and is not particularly limited as long as it can dissolve the polyamideimide resin. For example, if the resin is a polyamideimide, xylene, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, toluene and the like can be used.

In the present invention, the binder and the solid lubricant, and if necessary, the friction modifier and the extreme pressure agent are weighed,
After mixing and kneading, the solid lubricating material can be obtained by taking it out, and can be appropriately stored. By coating the solid lubricating material of the present invention on the surface-treated sliding member, a rotary compressor having excellent wear resistance and sliding characteristics can be obtained.

As a method for coating (coating) the solid lubricating material, the surface-treated sliding member is subjected to a surface roughening treatment (for example, shot blasting) as necessary, and then diluted with an appropriate diluent. The solid lubricating material is applied on the lining by spraying, and dried and fired at 150 to 300 ° C. When the surface roughness after the film formation is rough, a smoothing process using a buff or the like is performed. In addition to the spray method, a solid lubricating film can be formed by a method such as a roll transfer method, a tumbling method, a dipping method, a brushing method, and a printing method. The thickness of the lubricating film is preferably 1 to 50 μm.

[0036]

EXAMPLES When the wear resistance was evaluated by the combinations shown in the following table, good wear resistance was obtained in each case.

[0037]

[Table 1]

[0038]

[Table 2]

[0039]

According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a rotary compressor capable of ensuring low friction and stable wear resistance even under severe lubrication conditions. Furthermore, when any one of the base members of the sliding member is made of an aluminum material, particularly when both the vane base material and the sliding partner base material of the vane are made of an aluminum material, stable wear resistance is obtained, An ultra-light rotary compressor can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an axial sectional view of a cylinder of a rotary compressor.

FIG. 2 is a radial sectional view of a cylinder of the rotary compressor.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a vane rotary type compressor.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a vane rotary type compressor.

Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat II (Reference) F04C 18/344 351 F04C 18/344 351F 351R 18/356 18/356 PW K (72) Inventor Hiroshi Kanayama Toyota, Aichi 3-65, Midorigaoka, Ichigo F-term (reference) 3H029 AA04 AA13 AB03 BB01 BB44 CC02 CC38 3H040 AA09 BB05 CC14 DD01 DD07 DD11 DD36 4K022 AA02 AA31 AA48 A04 BA14 BA16 BA24 BA34 AAAA06 A06 A06 BA11 BA19 BB03 BC01 CA12 CA13 CA14 CA15 CA16

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A vane sliding portion is subjected to at least one surface treatment selected from the following group A, and a solid lubricating material containing at least one compound selected from MoS ₂ , graphite and PTFE is fixed. A rotary compressor characterized by that: (Group A) Ni-P-WB electroless plating film, Ni-P
-B electroless plating film, PTFE dispersed Ni-P electroless plating film, diamond-like carbon film (DLC), nitride film, and alumite film impregnated with PTFE (tuffram treated film) 2. A sliding portion of at least one sliding member selected from a rotor, a cylinder, and a side plate, is provided with at least one surface treatment selected from the group A and the group B described in claim 1. Rotary compressor characterized by applying. (Group B) Alumite film and Ni-P electroless plating film 3. A vane sliding portion is subjected to at least one surface treatment selected from the group A according to claim 1, and at least one sliding member selected from a rotor, a cylinder, and a side plate is slid. A part according to claim 1
And at least one surface treatment selected from the group B according to claim 2, and one or both of the vane sliding portion and the mating sliding portion are made of MoS.
_2. A rotary compressor to which a solid lubricating material containing at least one compound selected from graphite and PTFE is fixed.