JP2001513014A - Method and device for charging and operating a device such as a hammer crusher for crushing recyclable antiques - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a device for charging and operating an installation such as a hammer crusher to crush recyclable waste materials, wherein said waste materials (4) are drawn in by at least one driven roller (2, 6), they are fed for crushing in substantially homogeneous quantities, and data is collected during the charging and crushing process in order to obtain and regulate operating parameters for the feeding of waste material and for an optimized energy consumption and operational crushing process.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION   Charging and operation of equipment such as a hammer crusher to grind recyclable antiques Method and apparatus for performing cropping   Technical field   The invention makes it possible, for example, for old vehicles and Crushes recyclable antiques, including packaged metals such as scrap iron Method for loading and operating a device such as a hammer crusher Related to the device.   Conventional technology   In such known devices, the quantity and quantity of antiquities to be delivered over the course of operation Because of difficult-to-define values such as geometric structure, the subsequent processing via feed to grinding A continuous process course to a considerable extent until the release of ground material for There is a problem of maintaining. European Patent Application No. 0203026 According to the book, a method sequence for a jaw crusher is described, in which Data for the crusher is detected and evaluated between the loading process and the grinding process Is done. In order to realize this method, the rock to be ground must be relatively homogeneous Physical properties and rock crushers can be more easily controlled in this regard It is assumed that this is the case. Therefore, the solution to the problem is also easy, The control signal for changing the speed of the driving device of the It is said that the data of the shear output sensor is controlled via one PID controller each. On the point.   Indication of invention   The object of the present invention, on the other hand, depends on the material to be delivered, including metal, On the one hand, to ensure a continuous supply to a considerable extent for the grinding process, On the other hand, by inference from the grinding process, The operating course is optimized for energy, not only affecting the speed of the charging device. It is to optimize and control.   According to the invention, this can be achieved in a method according to claims 1 to 9, Apparatus for implementing the method accordingly and according to claims 10 to 23 Solved by   BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES   BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention is illustrated by the drawings for a number of configurations.   In the drawing,   FIG. 1 shows an example without a dust removal part arranged after including a supply part according to the invention. For example, a crusher for crushing an old article 4 (FIG. 4) such as an old car body, so-called ZE Shows an overall view of RDIRATOR®,   FIG. 2 shows a perspective view in particular in the area of delivery of the antiques 4 to the crusher 9 (FIG. 1). Shows the configuration of the supply device according to the invention shown diagrammatically,   FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the configuration of a lever system 3 having a roller 2 bearing. One   FIG. 4 shows a) with the press cover 7 raised and b) a pre-compression function. Press cover 7 supported in front of upper roller 2 with press cover 7 inside FIG. 2 shows a side view of the configuration of the supply device, particularly for bulky antiques.   The First Way to Construct the Invention   In order to clearly show the working relationship in the following embodiment, first, the device will be described. I do.   According to FIGS. 1 to 4, before the crusher 9, a charging slide integrated as a feeding device. A housing 1 having a path 1.1 and an upper driven roller 2 is arranged. . According to FIG. 3, the roller 2 is supported in a lever system 3 and has a side wall. 1.2 is swingably movable. The lever system 3 is mounted on the housing 1 Attached to the housing via a bearing 3.1 and as a force-generating element 3.2 Against the pressure of the hydraulic cylinder Supported. The distance between the upper roller 2 and the bottom 1.3 is therefore It is controllable to achieve the pressure acting on the antiquities to be done. Simultaneously loaded runway The range of delivery of antiques 4 from 1.1 to grinding (figure in FIG. 2) is at the bottom 1.3 The upper roller 2 and the side wall 1 of the housing 1 which are adjustable in height relative to each other. 2 are defined. In addition, corresponding to the schematic representation according to FIG. Means 5.1, 5.2 for detecting data in between and detecting operating values of the grinding process; 5.3 evaluates and controls the necessary operating data from the control center 5 of the mill 9 It is provided for. Furthermore, a housing 1 having a charging slideway 1.1 Is configured as a compact component unit with integrated features already described What is done is important to the present invention. For the course of the method to be shown These important properties are that supply units are significantly reduced with respect to the diversity of their parts. And the hydraulic drive unit is closed below the charging slideway 1.1 in the housing 1. Structurally achieved by being in a closed space, thereby feeding into grinding Significant impact on the entire operating process of the device due to antique "short trips" Can be. In support of this compactness, the lever system 3 is arranged in parallel And two angle levers 3.3 supported at the bending point 3.4. These angle levers are mounted in bearing 2.1 at the end of the front lever arm. And a force-generating element at the end of the lower lever arm. 3.2 to a hydraulic cylinder. Within the bending point 3.4 range The angle lever 3.3 has a parallel spacing and substantially strain-free configuration of the lever system. Connection, which is functional for the method according to the invention. Makes sense. Lower row driven at the bottom 1.3 of the loading slideway 1.1 La 6 has a favorable effect on the supply of the process,   Wear of the loading slideway 1.1 below the upper roller 2 is avoided;   .One row where the scrap iron curves upwards and does not reach the entrance opening to the grinding The so-called unfavorable banana effect caused by pressure   -The double upper pressing roller leading to the hand dam can be avoided.   The lower roller 6 can advantageously be lifted upward by a crane. So This makes it possible to dismantle it during the shift. The range of the roller 6 is downward And sideways sealed. Through the gap between the roller 6 and the loading slideway 1.1. Dirt and liquids entering this location are reliably trapped and transferred to the material discharge channels. Sent.   All supply units are driven by a closed hydraulic circuit, with the drive of rollers 2 being An electrohydraulic drive is provided for movement. The hydraulic drive is output controlled In the case of light scrap to be delivered, a large amount of distribution is achieved and At the time, a large torque is prepared for the moment. This drive for rollers 2 and 6 Is not shown in detail here.   The supply unit according to the invention allows a pressing force of, for example, 500 kN. Through The normally upper roller 2 applies a load to the old material 4 supplied by its own weight, and In addition, a hydraulic pressing force can be additionally connected. Conventionally separated work It is advantageous that the pressing and feeding of antiques 4 can now be realized simultaneously. . To assist in this, as described above, the lever system 3 has The supplied antiques 4 are reinforced on one side and on the other If it deflects slightly, it won't twist. Difficult material In this case, the installed motor output can be used without interruption. You. In particular, the arrangement according to the invention also applies the pressing force transmitted by the upper roller 2 again. The package has a relatively uniform supply of antiques to the grinding Provides a high degree of safety in the processing of junk iron. At the same time, the lever system 3 With side shields, this shield is used to prevent shattering: When it cracks under the pressure of the roller, it captures the flying parts.   A hydraulically driven press cover 7 is provided, especially for bulky materials. Have been. This compresses the material to be delivered, which is in front of the rollers 2,6 Is located on the loading slideway 1.1, so it is better caught and pushed into the crusher. Can be included.   This invention has the possible variants according to claims 11 to 23 for the crusher 9. The supply unit according to the present invention generally comprises a method for carrying out the method according to the invention which will be described subsequently. And functionally necessary equipment.   By means of the above-mentioned feeding device in a continuous charging course to a considerable extent, for example, Recyclable old materials such as car bodies and / or packaged scrap iron Due to the loading and operation of the device for crushing the object 4 (FIG. 4), the old object 4 is driven. Drawn by rollers 2, 6 and fed to the grinding in uniform quantities to a considerable extent. During the supply or charging process, on the one hand, so as to ensure a uniform quantity. Data is received via stage 5.1 and, on the other hand, a hand at control center 5 Means 5 for obtaining control parameters for the operation of the device via stage 5.3 . Via 2 the data of the grinding process is detected. Thus, antique 4 becomes Enel Optimized for energy and operation and fed to grinding. At that time, during the charging process The flow rate is then determined by the feed rate and the required pull-in torque and / or at least Set the value for the pressing pressure for one roller 2, 6 and then crush To detect this value for the circulation amount of antiques 4 and for the output data of the grinding process And then control the load data of the grinding process for the course of the differential charging. And the reproduction of the grinding process, such as fragment size and / or mechanical load It is controlled according to parameters consisting of data, where failures, interruptions, The effects of errors and / or fluctuations in the course of the operation may lead to an automatic interruption of device operation, Processed as a signal for control of the operation optimized with respect to the energy of the device, In addition, on-line data that is constantly evaluated for each phenomenon The operating status of each device can be displayed at the control center 5 and executed later. It is.   For this basic method, the method features according to one of claims 4 to 8 are supplemented. Applicable. The crusher 9 to be used depends on the basic mode of operation. It is shown in section 7.   Industrial applicability   As a whole, according to the invention, the relatively same drive power of the previously known grinding device When data and structure size, increase the flow rate and control the method Assumption of supplying strips pre-compressed uniformly to a considerable extent in cross section Is provided.

[Procedure of Amendment] Article 184-8, Paragraph 1 of the Patent Act [Submission date] March 5, 1999 (1999.3.5) [Correction contents]                                  Specification   Charging and operation of equipment such as a hammer crusher to grind recyclable antiques Method for performing cropping and delivery device   Technical field   The invention makes it possible, for example, for old vehicles and Crushes recyclable antiques, including packaged metals such as scrap iron Method for loading and operating a device such as a hammer crusher Related to the device.   Conventional technology   In such known devices, the quantity and quantity of antiquities to be delivered over the course of operation Because of difficult-to-define values such as geometric structure, the subsequent processing via feed to grinding A continuous process course to a considerable extent until the release of ground material for There is a problem of maintaining. European Patent Application No. 0203026 According to the book, a method sequence for a jaw crusher is described, in which Data for the crusher is detected and evaluated between the loading process and the grinding process Is done. In order to realize this method, the rock to be ground must be relatively homogeneous Physical properties and rock crushers can be more easily controlled in this regard It is assumed that Therefore, the solution to the problem is also simple to drive the charging device. Filling sensor and crusher output as control signals to change the speed of In that each sensor data is controlled via one PID controller. .   U.S. Pat. No. 3,545,690 describes a hammer crusher with a charging device. This charging device controls the speed of the metal to be supplied, Hydraulic means for lifting and lowering the input unit are also provided. Nature of the invention On the one hand prevent the metal from being drawn in at a higher speed, and on the other hand In order to do this, the charging device is constructed It is determined from the fact that the configuration is more reliably achieved.   Grinding a car body already disclosed in US Pat. No. 3,335,967 The device relates to the functional and structural formation of the feed slide. Here, overload Control means for current flow of the drive motor are provided so that they can react. Have been.   Delivery for waste crusher according to Japanese Patent No. 0301244 The milling device detects fluctuations in the grinding load by detecting the level of waste to be withdrawn. The purpose is to eliminate. Therefore, on the inner bottom surface of the delivery slideway The level of the delivered substance is detected and the rotational speed of the corresponding drive motor is controlled. It is. In addition, the operation of the hydraulic cylinder and the rotation speed of the motor for the transfer device Management is performed.   EP 0 458 059, previously developed by the applicant The hammer crushers described in the previous section are already mostly 2 shows a transfer device including two rollers and a swing lever.   Finally, the improved crusher described in Belgian Patent No. 1006965 is , A charging unit that is functionally a compact combination of housing and delivery means Integrated.   The evaluation of the prior art outlined above shows that the process of supplying Enable inference of the problem of However   Wear of the technical means of the transfer device,   Removal of the so-called banana effect by one-sided roller pressure on the scrap iron to be retracted;   -Avoidance of custody,   Absence of grinding process load data for a defined charging sequence,   The resulting obstacles, and   -Absence of compact integration of all peripheral assemblies into integrated equipment.   Conventional disadvantages such as are unsolved in their complexity.   Indication of invention   On the other hand, an object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks and to draw antiques containing metal. Depending on the material to be passed, on the other hand to a considerable extent for the grinding process By ensuring a continuous supply and, on the other hand, by inference from the grinding process, The operating course is optimized for energy, not only affecting the speed of the charging device. It is to optimize and control.   According to the invention, this is achieved according to the features of the method according to claims 1 to 6. A method for implementing the method according to the features and according to claims 7 to 18 Solved by the features of the handing device.   BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES   BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention is illustrated by the drawings for a number of configurations.   In the drawing,   FIG. 1 shows an example without a dust removal part arranged after including a supply part according to the invention. For example, a crusher for crushing an old article 4 (FIG. 4) such as an old car body, so-called ZE Shows an overall view of RDIRATOR®,   FIG. 2 shows a perspective view in particular in the area of delivery of the antiques 4 to the crusher 9 (FIG. 1). Shows the configuration of the supply device according to the invention shown diagrammatically,   FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the configuration of a lever system 3 having a roller 2 bearing. One   FIG. 4 shows a) with the press cover 7 raised and b) a pre-compression function. Press cover 7 supported in front of upper roller 2 with press cover 7 inside FIG. 2 shows a side view of the configuration of the supply device, particularly for bulky antiques.   The First Way to Construct the Invention   In order to clearly show the working relationship in the following examples, first, the present invention is described. The delivery device will be described.   According to FIGS. 1 to 4, before the crusher 9, a charging slide integrated as a feeding device. Housing 1 with path 1.1 and upper driven roller 2 Is arranged. According to FIG. 3, the roller 2 is supported in a lever system 3 And is slidably passed through the side wall 1.2. The lever system 3 Via a bearing 3.1 in the housing 1 and as a force-generating element 3.2 And is supported against the pressure of a hydraulic cylinder attached to the cylinder. Therefore the upper side The spacing between the roller 2 and the bottom 1.3 achieves a pressure acting on the antiquities to be supplied Is controllable. At the same time, delivery of antiques 4 from loading slideway 1.1 to grinding Range (figure in FIG. 2) is an upper adjustable height relative to the bottom 1.3 It is defined by the roller 2 and the side wall 1.2 of the housing 1. further According to the schematic representation according to FIG. 1, data is detected during the feed and the grinding process is performed. Means 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 for detecting the operating value of the grinding machine 9 For evaluating and controlling the necessary operating data from Besides The housing 1 with the charging slideway 1.1 furthermore has the integrated features already mentioned. The configuration as a compact component unit having is important. These properties, which are important for the course of the process to be demonstrated, are Is significantly reduced with respect to the diversity of the part and the hydraulic drive unit is In the closed space below the loading slideway 1.1 in Due to the "short stroke" of antiquities which is achieved It can have a significant effect on the overall operating process. Supporting this compactness The lever system 3 is thus arranged in parallel and supported at the inflection point 3.4 Two angle levers 3.3, and these angle levers The upper roller 2 is housed in a bearing 2.1 at the end of the bar arm and the lower lever -At the end of the arm, each is connected to a hydraulic cylinder as a force-generating element 3.2 Have been. In the range of the bending point 3.4, the angle lever 3.3 is It has connections that ensure parallel spacing of the stems and a substantially strain-free condition. Is functionally significant for the method sequence according to the invention. Loading slideway1. The lower roller 6, which is provided and driven at the bottom 1.3 of the Has the advantage that   Wear of the loading slideway 1.1 below the upper roller 2 is avoided;   ・ For roller pressure on one side where the scrap iron curves upward and does not reach the entrance opening to the grinding The so-called disadvantageous banana effect does not occur, and   -The double upper pressing roller leading to the hand dam can be avoided.   The lower roller 6 can advantageously be lifted upward by a crane. So This makes it possible to dismantle it during the shift. The range of the roller 6 is downward And sideways sealed. Through the gap between the roller 6 and the loading slideway 1.1. Dirt and liquids entering this location are reliably trapped and transferred to the material discharge channels. Sent.   All supply units are driven by a closed hydraulic circuit, with the drive of rollers 2 being An electrohydraulic drive is provided for movement. The hydraulic drive is output controlled In the case of light scrap to be delivered, a large amount of distribution is achieved and At the time, a large torque is prepared for the moment. This drive for rollers 2 and 6 Is not shown in detail here.   The supply unit according to the invention allows a pressing force of, for example, 500 kN. Through The normally upper roller 2 applies a load to the old material 4 supplied by its own weight, and In addition, a hydraulic pressing force can be additionally connected. Conventionally separated work It is advantageous that the pressing and feeding of antiques 4 can now be realized simultaneously. . To assist in this, as described above, the lever system 3 has The supplied antiques 4 are reinforced on one side and on the other If it deflects slightly, it won't twist. Difficult material In this case, the installed motor output can be used without interruption. You. In particular, the arrangement according to the invention also applies the pressing force transmitted by the upper roller 2 again. The package has a relatively uniform supply of antiques to the grinding Provides a high degree of safety in the processing of junk iron. at the same time The lever system 3 has a side shield, which is used as a shatter proof. Used: When the material cracks under the pressure of the drive roller, this catches the flying parts To catch.   For particularly bulky materials, a hydraulically driven press cover 7 is provided. You. This compresses the delivered material, which in front of the rollers 2, 6 Being on the loading slideway 1.1 so that it is better caught and pushed into the crusher Can be.   An arrangement for effectively supporting the invention according to claims 8 to 18 for the crusher 9 The supply unit according to the invention having the method according to the invention described subsequently. It is almost entirely functionally necessary to implement.   By means of the above-mentioned feeding device in a continuous charging course to a considerable extent, for example, Recyclable old materials such as car bodies and / or packaged scrap iron Due to the loading and operation of the device for crushing the object 4 (FIG. 4), the old object 4 is driven. Drawn by rollers 2, 6 and fed to the grinding in uniform quantities to a considerable extent. During the supply or charging process, on the one hand, so as to ensure a uniform quantity. Data is received via stage 5.1 and, on the other hand, a hand at control center 5 Means 5 for obtaining control parameters for the operation of the device via stage 5.3 . The data of the grinding process is detected via 2. As a result, antiques 4 Optimized for operation and operation and fed to grinding. At that time, during the charging process The flow rate is then adjusted by the feed rate and the required pull-in torque and / or at least one The value for the pressing pressure for the two rollers 2, 6 is set, To detect this value for the flow rate of the object 4 and for the output data of the grinding process Input and then control the load data of the grinding process for the course of differential charging The reproducible data of the grinding process, such as fragment size and / or mechanical load, Control according to the parameters consisting of the Rino's product Fluctuations in the operation and / or course of operation can result in device errors until automatic interruption of device operation. Processed as a signal for control of the operation optimized with respect to energy, and With the constantly evaluated online data of each phenomenon point / position, Each operation state can be displayed on the control center 5 and can be executed later.   For this basic method, the method features according to one of claims 2 to 6 are supplemented. The present invention can be applied more fully and further extended.   Industrial applicability   As a whole, according to the invention, the relatively same drive power of the previously known grinding device When data and structure size, increase the flow rate and control the method Assumption of supplying strips pre-compressed uniformly to a considerable extent in cross section Is provided.                                The scope of the claims   1. At least one roller (2) driven and adjustable with respect to the pressing pressure , 6) draws in the antiques (4) and, to a considerable extent, a uniform amount of Supply antiques (4) and optimize supply and energy and operation of antiques (4) Charging process to obtain and control operating parameters for the milling process Method steps for detecting data during the milling and milling process, ) During the charging process, grinding processes such as fragment size and / or mechanical load Control the flow rate according to the parameters consisting of the reproduced data of the continuous For example, by means of a supply device during the charging process Recyclables (4) that contain all kinds of metals such as scrap iron The method of loading and operating a device such as a hammer crusher for grinding For the automatic process until the crushed antique (4) is removed from   a) the feed rate and the required retraction to at least one roller (2, 6); Adjust the value for lux and / or pressing pressure,   b) Detecting this value for the circulation of the antiques (4) to be subsequently ground and grinding Input for process output data,   c) controlling the load data of the grinding process for the last differentiated charging process,   d) disturbances, interruptions, faulty actions and / or fluctuations in the course of operation that occur at that time. To control energy-optimized operation of the device until automatic interruption of device operation. Processed as a signal for   e) By the constantly evaluated online data of each phenomenon point / position Displays the operation status of each device at the control center and executes it later   Characterized by the fact that a recyclable antique (4) is crushed by a hammerc How to load and operate a device such as a lasher.   2. Unbalance to recognize the comminution that begins and prevent damage to machine elements Detect, evaluate, and optionally detect mechanical conditions such as vibration, resonance and / or sound 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus is used for timely stopping of the apparatus. Method.   3. Utilizing at least one overload protection installed at the location of the device. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is characterized in that:   4. In conjunction with hardware to detect and evaluate data for operational progress 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the program is used for Law.   5. The electric current of the drive motor and / or the rotation speed of the crusher (9) are determined by the supply speed 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the control is performed by changing the degree steplessly. The method according to one of claims 4 to 4.   6. a) antiques (4) on the loading slideway (1.1),   b) antiques (4) in front of at least one roller (2, 6),   c) sent and / or pressed antiques in the area of delivery to the mill (9) (4),   d) the magnitude of the load on the drive motor of the crusher (9),   e) the magnitude of the load on at least one roller (2, 6)   Supply antiques (4) by recognition / evaluation of at least one of the states A method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that:   7. A diagonal plane integrated as a loading slideway and sectioned laterally and driven and A housing having an upper roller adjustable with respect to the pressing pressure,   The bearing of the upper roller (2) in the lever system (3), the housing (1) Guide capable of oscillating movement of roller (2) on side wall (1.2) of housing and housing Of the charging slideway (1.1) with the roller (2) via the bearing (3.1) in Causes adjustment of spacing between bottom (1.3) Lever system (3) for resisting the pressure of at least one force-generating element (3.2) Of the support,   -Charging with rollers (2) adjustable in height relative to the bottom (1.3) Restriction on the range of delivery of antiques (4) from the road (1.1) to the crushing section, and housing Side walls (1.2) in the ring (1),   Means for detecting data during the charging process and during the grinding process (5.1, 5.2); And means (5.3) for controlling operation data required for the same, and   -Forming the housing (1) as a compact structural unit   A delivery device for performing the method of claim 1, comprising:   The lever system (3) consists of two angle levers (33) arranged in parallel. In addition, these angle levers are provided with bearings (2.1) at the end of the front lever arm. ) Is accommodated in the roller (2), and at the bending point (3.4), the angle lever ( 3.3) is supported by the housing (1) at the bearing (3.1), and At the end of the lower lever arm, a force generator supported by the housing (1) is provided. Connected to the raw element (3.2), with less angle levers (3) Both in the range of the inflection point (3.4), the parallel spacing of the lever system and substantially It has a joint for ensuring a distortion-free state, and the housing (1) has at least Contains one force-generating element (3.2) or at least one drive unit Characterized by the fact that   A delivery device for performing the method according to claim 1.   8. The loading slideway (1.1) has at the bottom (1.3) a lower driven at least Also accommodates one roller (6), which is supported by the housing (1). The delivery device according to claim 7, wherein the delivery device is provided.   9. The press cover (7) is arranged in front of the upper roller (2). The delivery device according to claim 7 or 8, wherein   10. The force-generating element (3.2) is moved upward by the angle lever (3.3). Characterized in that it is a hydraulic cylinder having a piston for applying pressure to The delivery device according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein   11. A drive unit is provided for driving at least one roller (2, 6). The delivery device according to one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the delivery device is .   12. At least one roller (2, 6) is spared so as to be a pseudo strip. A scraping function is provided to supply compressed antiques (4) with a definable cross section. 12. The vehicle as claimed in claim 7, further comprising a flanged wheel. On-board delivery device.   13. At least one roller (2, 6) is connected to the hydraulic drive The delivery device according to one of claims 7 to 12, characterized in that:   14． At least the area arranged after the lower roller (6) has a replaceable tear. 14. A plate according to claim 7, wherein a plate is provided. On-board delivery device.   15. Means (5.1) for detecting data or status during the charging process 15. The method according to claim 7, further comprising a microwave barrier. 2. The delivery device according to claim 1.   16. The means (5.2) for detecting the data or the state of the milling process is provided by a drive mode. Receiving the current value of the motor and / or the rotation speed value of the rotor of the crusher (9). The delivery device according to one of claims 7 to 15, wherein   17． A hydrostatic drive for the roller (2) is provided. A delivery device according to one of claims 7 to 16.   18. The means (5.1) for detecting the data or the state during the charging process is a roller ( 8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the liquid pressure of the electrohydraulic driving device is received. The device according to one of the chairs 17.

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page    (72) Inventor Shupeith Hoefell, Thomas             Germany Day 41541 Dolma             -Gen Feltshutraase 92 (72) Inventor Karnshitad, Datel             Federal Republic of Germany Day 40213 Deutz             Seldorf Burgplatz 18

Claims (1)

[Claims]   1. By means of a supply device in a continuous charging process, for example, the old car body and Recyclable, including all types of metals such as scrap iron in package For the method of loading and operating a device such as a hammer crusher that grinds a useful antique (4) And   a) drawing in the antiques (4) by at least one driven roller (2, 6) See   b) supplying a uniform quantity of antiques (4) to a considerable extent for grinding, and   c) The supply of antiques (4) and a grinding process optimized for energy and operation During the charging and grinding process to obtain and control the operating parameters for Detect data for   Hammak for crushing recyclable antiquities (4), characterized by method steps How to load and operate a device such as a lasher.   2. During the loading process of the antiques (4), such as the size of the fragments and / or the mechanical load Distribution volume according to parameters consisting of reproduced data of various grinding processes The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is controlled.   3. Due to the automatic process from charging to removing the crushed antiques (4),   a) the feed rate and the required retraction to at least one roller (2, 6); Adjust the value for lux and / or pressing pressure,   b) Detecting this value for the circulation of the antiques (4) to be subsequently ground and grinding Input for process output data,   c) controlling the load data of the grinding process for the last differentiated charging process,   d) disturbances, interruptions, faulty actions and / or fluctuations in the course of operation that occur at that time To optimize the energy of the device until automatic interruption of device operation Processed as a signal for controlling the operation, and   e) By the constantly evaluated online data of each phenomenon point / position , Operation status of each device can be displayed at the control center and can be executed later Noh   A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:   4. Unbalance to recognize the comminution that begins and prevent damage to machine elements Detect, evaluate, and optionally detect mechanical conditions such as vibration, resonance and / or sound 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus is used for timely stopping of the apparatus. A method according to one of the preceding claims.   5. Utilizing at least one overload protection installed at the location of the device. The method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it is characterized by:   6. In conjunction with hardware to detect and evaluate data for operational progress 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the program is used for Law.   7. The electric current of the drive motor and / or the rotation speed of the crusher (9) may be adjusted to the supply speed of the old product (4). 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the control is performed by changing the degree steplessly. 7. The method according to one of claims 6.   8. a) antiques (4) on the loading slideway (1.1),   b) antiques (4) in front of at least one roller (2, 6),   c) sent and / or pressed antiques in the area of delivery to the mill (9) (4),   d) the magnitude of the load on the drive motor of the crusher (9),   e) the magnitude of the load on at least one roller (2, 6)   Supply antiques (4) by recognition / evaluation of at least one of the states The method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that:   9. Oscillating grinding tool and at least one crushing tool mounted in the housing Figure with counter tool and supported in housing and driven by motor Rows characterized or not shown in more detail by one 9. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein a crusher (9) is used. The method described in.   10. Diagonal flat and laterally-integrated as loading slideway and driven sideways Apparatus for performing the method of claim 1, comprising a housing having an upper roller. At   a) Bearing, housing (1) of upper roller (2) in lever system (3) ) And a housing capable of oscillating the roller (2) on the side wall (1.2) Via the bearing (3.1) in the bearing (1) and with the roller (2) and the loading slideway (1. At least one force-generating element which causes adjustment of the distance between the bottom of (1) and (1.3) The support of the lever system (3) against the pressure of the element (3.2),   b) Loading with rollers (2) adjustable in height relative to the bottom (1.3) Restriction on the range of delivery of antiques (4) from the slideway (1.1) to the grinding section, and how Sidewall (1.2) in jing (1),   c) Means for detecting data during charging and during the grinding process (5.1, 5.2) And means (5.3) for controlling operation data required for the same, and   d) Forming the housing (1) as a compact structural unit   Apparatus for implementing the method according to claim 1, characterized in that:   11. The lever system (3) comprises two angled levers (3 . 3) and these angle levers are located at the end of the front lever arm. The roller (2) is accommodated in the bearing (2.1), and the roller (2) is unlocked at the bending point (3.4). A glue lever (3.3) is supported on the housing (1) at a bearing (3.1). And at the end of the lower lever arm, each supports the housing (1). The force-generating element (3.2), the angle lever (3 ) Is the parallel spacing of the lever system, at least in the range of the inflection point (3.4) And a joint for ensuring a substantially distortion-free state. Item 11. The apparatus according to Item 10.   12. The housing (1) has at least one force-generating element (3.2) or 11. The device according to claim 10, wherein at least one drive unit is accommodated. An apparatus according to claim 1.   13. The loading slideway (1.1) has a lower driven lower part at the bottom (1.3). Both houses one roller (6), which is supported by the housing (1). Device according to one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that it is carried.   14． Note that the press cover (7) is arranged in front of the upper roller (2). Apparatus according to one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that:   15. The force-generating element (3.2) is moved upward by the angle lever (3.3). Characterized in that it is a hydraulic cylinder having a piston for applying pressure to Apparatus according to one of claims 10 to 14, wherein: 16. A drive unit is provided for driving at least one roller (2, 6) Device according to one of the claims 10 to 15, characterized in that it is provided.   17． At least one roller (2, 6) is spared so as to be a pseudo strip. A scraping function is provided to supply compressed antiques (4) with a definable cross section. 17. The method according to claim 10, further comprising a flanged wheel. The described device.   18. At least one roller (2, 6) is connected to the hydraulic drive Apparatus according to one of claims 10 to 17, characterized in that:   19. At least the area arranged after the lower roller (6) has a replaceable tear. 19. The method as claimed in claim 10, further comprising the step of providing a plate. The described device.   20. Means (5.1) for detecting data or status during the charging process 20. The device according to claim 10, further comprising one microwave barrier. An apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims.   21. The means (5.2) for detecting the data or the state of the milling process is provided by a drive mode. Receiving the current value of the motor and / or the rotation speed value of the rotor of the crusher (9). Apparatus according to one of claims 10 to 20.   22. A hydrostatic drive for the roller (2) is provided. Device according to one of claims 10 to 21.   23. The means (5.1) for detecting the data or the state during the charging process is a roller ( 11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the hydraulic pressure of the electrohydraulic drive is received. 23. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims.