JP2001359259A - Brush device of motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prolong the service lives of brush members and a commutator and further enhance vibratory characteristics. SOLUTION: The current-carrying contact portions 12a of the brush members 12 are constituted of integrally coupled bodies of folded contact portions 12b and flat contact portions. As a result, shortcomings thereof are mutually covered through interaction, arising from the integral coupling and unnecessary cutting wear is prevented from being produced in the commutator 11. In addition, contact stability is obtained over a wide revolution region, beginning from low rpm region to high rpm region.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a motor brush device in which a brush member made of a conductive metal plate is brought into contact with a commutator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a general brush motor, for example, as shown in FIG. 7, a pair of brush members 1, 1 made of a conductive metal plate are used to diametrically move the outer peripheral surface of a substantially cylindrical commutator 2. It is arranged so as to be sandwiched between. The pair of brush members 1 and 1 are arranged such that the energizing contact portion 1a provided on the tip side is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the commutator 1, and the respective energizing contact portions 1a
However, power is supplied to the drive current by sliding on the commutator 1.

At this time, the current-carrying contact portion 1a of the brush member 1 includes a plate-shaped contact portion formed in a flat plate shape as shown in FIG. 7 or a conductive contact portion 1a as shown in FIG. For example, there is a bent contact portion 1b having a cross section bent in a substantially V shape. Among them, the flat plate contact portion 1a comes into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the commutator 2 in a plane, and the bent contact portion 1b corresponds to a free end of a bent shape with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the commutator 2. The plurality of edge portions 1c are configured to contact linearly.

[0004]

However, the flat plate contact portion 1a and the bent contact portion 1b of such a brush member 1 have respective advantages and disadvantages.
In the first embodiment, the brush member 1 is in a planar contact state.
However, there is a problem that good contact stability cannot be obtained unless the contact pressure is increased. Conversely, if the contact pressure of the flat plate contact portion 1a is too high, the brush member 1 may be bent and deformed at the contact portion. The bending deformation of the brush member 1 at that time often results in a state in which the rotation of the commutator 2 is locked, and as a result, the rotation of the motor may be stopped.

On the other hand, since the bent contact portion 1b is in a linear contact state, it can substantially increase the contact pressure, and breaks the non-conductive material attached to the surface of the commutator 2. Advantageously, good contact stability can be obtained by the action and the like, and generation of unnecessary electric noise and spark can be suppressed. However, in the bent contact portion 1b, a plurality of sliding traces remain because a biting phenomenon occurs on the commutator 2 side, and wear on the commutator 2 side increases. As a result, the contact metal layer 2a provided on the surface portion of the commutator 2 needs to be set to be considerably thick, so that the cost must be increased. In addition, there is also a problem that the risk of slit short due to cutting wear powder is likely to occur.

Further, in each of the flat plate contact portion 1a and the bent contact portion 1b, since a specific resonance point determined by each shape is present, vibration stability at a specific rotation speed is not good. Have common problems.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a motor brush device which is excellent in both wear resistance and contact stability.

[0008]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a brush device for a motor, comprising: a pair of commutators arranged so as to sandwich a substantially cylindrical outer peripheral surface from both sides in a diametrical direction; Brush member (12, 1
2), and each of those brush members (12, 12)
It has a plurality of conductive contact portions (12a1, 12a2) formed of a plurality of conductive plate members arranged in parallel in the direction of the rotation axis of the motor, and each of the conductive contact portions (12a1, 12a1) of the brush member (12, 12). 12a2) is the commutator (1
1) In the brush device for a motor which is arranged so as to be in contact with the outer peripheral surface to supply the drive current, the plurality of current-carrying contact portions (12a1, 1
At least one of 2a2) is a bent contact portion (12a1) formed by bending the plate-like member into a substantially wave shape in the rotation axis direction of the motor, and the bent contact portion (12a1).
A flat plate contact portion (1
2a2), and the bent contact portion (12a2) includes:
An edge (E) corresponding to the substantially wave-shaped free end is arranged so as to linearly contact the outer surface of the commutator (11), and the flat plate contact portion (12a
2) is arranged such that the flat portion (S) of the flat plate contact portion (12a2) comes into planar contact with the outer surface of the commutator (11).

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the motor brush device, the plurality of current-carrying contact portions according to the first aspect are integrally arranged side by side without being separated in the rotation axis direction of the motor. .

Further, in the motor brush device according to the third aspect, the plurality of current-carrying contact portions according to the first aspect are separated from each other in the direction of the rotation axis of the motor and are arranged separately.

Further, in the motor brush device according to the fourth aspect, the flat plate contact portion according to the first aspect has a flat surface or a curved surface.

On the other hand, in the motor brush device according to the fifth aspect, the substantially wave shape of the bent contact portion according to the third aspect is substantially V-shaped in cross section.

In the brush device for a motor according to the present invention having such a configuration, the bent contact portion and the flat plate contact portion, which constitute the energizing contact portion of the brush member, interact with each other integrally. The fitting makes it possible to obtain stable contact stability in a wide rotation range from a low rotation range to a high rotation range while compensating for each other's disadvantages. That is, first, by providing the bent contact portion, the contact pressure of the flat plate contact portion can be reduced, and by the provision of the flat plate contact portion, the excessively bent state of the bent contact portion is reduced. It is well prevented, and the generation of unnecessary cutting wear powder from the commutator is prevented. Such an interaction between the bent contact portion and the flat plate contact portion works extremely well because the two contact portions are integrally formed, and as a result, the length of both the brush member and the commutator becomes longer. The service life is extended, and the thickness of the contact metal layer in the commutator can be greatly reduced as compared with the conventional one having only the bent contact portion.

In addition, since the bent contact portion and the flat plate contact portion described above have different vibration states due to having different cross-sectional shapes from each other, the bent contact portion and the flat plate contact portion have different vibration states. In either case, the contact portion on one side acts integrally with the contact portion on the other side to suppress the vibration amplitude, and as a result, the contact state is extremely stable in any rotational region. Is obtained.

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. First, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, a pair of brush members 12, 12 are arranged so as to sandwich the outer peripheral surface of a commutator 11 formed in a substantially cylindrical shape from both sides in the diametrical direction (vertical direction in the drawing). Each of the brush members 12 has two current-carrying contact portions 12a and 12a that contact the outer surface of the commutator 11.
a. The two energizing contact portions 12a, 12a
The motors are arranged side by side as separate bodies separated from each other in the direction of the central axis of the rotating shaft 13, and are arranged so as to extend in a direction substantially perpendicular to the rotating shaft 13 (a direction perpendicular to the paper surface). In addition, these two contact parts 12a, 12a
The base end portion formed on the back side of the paper of FIG. 1 is joined so as to form an integral electrode, and the power supply operation to the commutator 11 is performed through the electrode portion.

Each of the current-carrying contact portions 12a, 12a provided on each of the brush members 12 is a member formed by integrally bending a conductive metal plate, and is particularly shown in FIG. A bent contact portion 12a1 which is bent in a wavy shape so as to form a substantially V-shaped section in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 13, and one side edge of the bent contact portion 12a1. A flat plate contact portion 12a2 made of a flat member is provided along the axis of the rotary shaft 13 so as to extend integrally therewith.

That is, the bent contact portion 12a1 has an edge E corresponding to the substantially V-shaped free end, and a tangential direction (perpendicular to the paper) substantially perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotary shaft 13.
The edge E is arranged so as to linearly contact the outer surface of the commutator 11. Further, the flat plate contact portion 12a2 is
The planar portion S is disposed so as to extend in a tangential direction (perpendicular to the paper) substantially perpendicular to the rotation shaft 13, and the planar portion S is planar with respect to the outer surface of the commutator 11. It is arranged to be in contact. At this time,
The flat plate contact portion 12a2 is arranged at a position where the bent contact portion 12a1 supports the commutator 11 so as not to have an excessive contact pressure, whereby the commutator 11 of the bent contact portion 12a1 is disposed. The biting effect on the side is avoided.

In the motor brush device according to the above-described embodiment having the above-described configuration, the bent contact portion 12a1 forming the energized contact portion 12a of the brush member 12 is formed.
And the flat plate contact portion 12a2 interact with each other in an integrally connected manner, so that stable contact stability can be obtained in a wide rotation region from a low rotation region to a high rotation region while compensating for each other's disadvantages. It has become. That is, the provision of the bent contact portion 12a1 makes it possible to reduce the contact pressure of the flat plate contact portion 12a2, and the provision of the flat contact portion 12a2 allows the bent contact portion 12a1 to be excessively bent. A good biting state is properly prevented, and the generation of unnecessary cutting wear powder from the commutator 11 is prevented. The interaction between the bent contact portion 12a1 and the flat plate contact portion 12a2 is as follows.
Since the two contact portions 12a1 and 12a2 are integrally formed, they function extremely well, and as a result, the brush member 12 and the commutator 11
Are prolonged, and the thickness of the contact metal layer in the commutator 11 can be greatly reduced as compared with the conventional case having only the bent contact portion.

In addition, since the bending contact portion 12a1 and the flat plate contact portion 12a2 have different vibration states due to having mutually different cross-sectional shapes, a low rotation state and a high rotation state are obtained. In any state, the contact portion on one side acts integrally with the contact portion on the other side so as to suppress the vibration amplitude, and as a result, is extremely stable in any rotation region. A contact state is obtained.

For example, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a comparison between the conventional single brush structure and the composite brush structure according to the present invention shows that when the same number of revolutions elapses. It can be seen that both the brush life (FIG. 3) and the commutator wear (FIG. 4) are both improved.

On the other hand, each brush member 22 in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 has two current contact portions 22a,
22a, and their respective energizing contact portions 22a
Two bent contact portions 12a1 and 12a1 are integrally provided on both sides of the flat plate contact portion 12a2 so as to sandwich one flat contact portion 12a2 therebetween. Then, the two bent contact portions 12a1, 12a
The edges E, E corresponding to the free ends of the substantially V-shape provided at a1 extend in a tangential direction (perpendicular to the paper surface) substantially perpendicular to the rotating shaft 13, so that the commutator 11 It is arranged so as to come into linear contact with the outer surface. On the other hand, the flat portion S of the flat plate contact portion 12a2
Are arranged so as to come into planar contact with the outer surface of the commutator 11. Also in such an embodiment, it is possible to obtain the same operation and effect as in the above-described embodiment.

Although the embodiments of the present invention made by the inventor have been specifically described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be variously modified without departing from the gist thereof. Needless to say.

For example, the bent contact portion 12a1 of the brush member 12 according to the present invention is not limited to the V-shaped cross section as in the above-described embodiment, but may be formed into various other bent shapes. It is also possible.

Further, the flat plate contact portion 12a2 in each of the above-described embodiments may be formed to have a completely flat shape, or may be formed to have a relatively large curvature if it has a relatively large curvature. No problem.

Further, in each of the above-described embodiments,
Although the respective energized contact portions (for example, reference numerals 12a, 12a in FIG. 1) are separated from each other and configured separately, it is also possible to configure adjacent energized contact portions integrally.

Further, in each of the above-described embodiments, each brush member is provided with two current-carrying contact portions. However, even when each brush member has one or three or more current-carrying contact portions. The present invention can be similarly applied. In this case, in each of the above-described embodiments, the present invention is applied to all of the energized contact portions (for example, reference numerals 12a and 12a in FIG. 1), but the present invention is applied to only one energized contact portion. It is also possible to apply, and it is also possible to leave the remaining energized contact portions in the conventional structure.

[0027]

As described above, the motor brush device according to the present invention has a structure in which the energizing contact portion of the brush member has the bent contact portion and the flat plate contact portion integrally. Thus, by the integral interconnecting action of both the bent contact portion and the flat plate contact portion, while compensating for each other's disadvantages, while preventing the occurrence of unnecessary cutting wear on the commutator,
Since it is configured to obtain stable contact stability in a wide rotation range from low rotation range to high rotation range, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of slit shorts etc. while extending the life of the brush member and commutator. Reliability can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory longitudinal sectional view showing a motor brush device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged front view showing one of energized contact portions of the brush member shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a comparison result of a conventional single brush structure and a composite brush structure according to the present invention in terms of brush life time.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the result of comparing the conventional brush structure with a single brush structure and the composite brush structure according to the present invention in terms of the amount of commutator wear.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory side view showing another embodiment of the motor brush device.

6 is an enlarged front view showing one of the energizing contact portions of the brush member shown in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is an external perspective explanatory view showing an example of a conventional motor brush device.

FIG. 8 is an external perspective explanatory view showing another example of a conventional motor brush device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Commutator 12 Brush member 12a Contact part (electric contact part) 12a1 Bend contact part 12a2 Flat plate contact part E Contact edge S Contact plane part 13 Motor rotation shaft 22 Brush member 22a Contact part (electric contact part) 22a1 Bend contact part 22a2 Flat plate contact part

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A vehicle comprising a pair of brush members arranged so as to sandwich a substantially cylindrical outer peripheral surface of a commutator from both sides in a diametrical direction, and each of the brush members is arranged in parallel in a rotation axis direction of a motor. It has a current-carrying contact portion made of a conductive plate-shaped member, and each of the current-carrying contact portions of the brush member is arranged so as to be in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the commutator so that the drive current is supplied. In the motor brush device, at least one of the plurality of current-carrying contact portions includes a bent contact portion formed by bending the plate-like member into a substantially wave shape in the rotation axis direction of the motor, A flat plate contact portion extending substantially in a plane adjacent to the bent contact portion, wherein the bent contact portion has an outer surface corresponding to a free end of the substantially wavy shape on an outer surface of the commutator. Against And the flat plate contact portion is arranged so that the flat portion of the flat plate contact portion comes in planar contact with the outer surface of the commutator. Characteristic motor brush device. 2. The brush device for a motor according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of current-carrying contact portions are integrally arranged side by side without being separated in a rotation axis direction of the motor. 3. The brush device for a motor according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of current-carrying contact portions are separated from each other in a direction of a rotation axis of the motor and are arranged separately. 4. The brush device for a motor according to claim 1, wherein the flat plate contact portion has a flat surface or a curved surface. 5. A substantially wavy shape of the bent contact portion is substantially V-shaped in cross section.
The brush device for a motor according to claim 1, wherein the brush device has a character shape.