JP2001286103A - Brush for motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable to enhance vibration characteristics, while lengthening the life of a brush 12 and the life of a commutator 11. SOLUTION: By constituting a unit of a current contact means of the brusher 12 that constitutes a current contact means of the brush 12 with a bent contact section 12b and a contact plate, a brush is enabled to prevent the occurrence of an unnecessary fray an the commutator 11 compensating defects of each with a mutual action as well as to obtain stabilized contact over a wide rotating range from a low to high rotation.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a motor brush device in which a brush member made of a conductive metal plate is brought into contact with a commutator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a general brush motor, as shown in FIG. 7, for example, a pair of brush members 1, 1 made of a conductive metal plate is used to move the outer peripheral surface of a substantially cylindrical commutator 2 in a radial direction. It is arranged so as to be sandwiched between. The pair of brush members 1, 1 are arranged such that the current-carrying contact means 1 a provided on the tip end side is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the commutator 1.
However, power is supplied by sliding on the commutator 1.

At this time, the energizing contact means 1a of the brush member 1 is composed of a flat plate contact portion formed in a flat plate shape as shown in FIG. 7 or as shown in FIG. For example, there is a bent contact portion 1b having a cross section bent in a substantially V shape. Among them, the flat plate contact portion 1a has a flat portion abutting against the outer peripheral surface of the commutator 2, and the bent contact portion 1b has a plurality of edge portions having a bent shape with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the commutator 2. 1c is configured to contact linearly.

[0004]

However, the flat plate contact portion 1a and the bent contact portion 1b of such a brush member 1 have respective advantages and disadvantages.
In the first embodiment, the brush member 1 is in a planar contact state.
However, there is a problem that good contact stability cannot be obtained unless the contact pressure is increased.

On the other hand, since the bent contact portion 1b is in a linear contact state, it can substantially increase the contact pressure, and breaks the non-conductive material attached to the surface of the commutator 2. There is an advantage that good contact stability can be obtained by the action and the like, and generation of unnecessary electric noise and spark can be suppressed. However,
A plurality of sliding traces remain due to the phenomenon of biting into the commutator 2 side, and wear on the commutator 2 side increases, and the contact metal layer 2a provided on the surface portion of the commutator 2 is set to be considerably thick. The cost must be increased because of the need to do so. In addition, there is also a problem that the risk of slit short due to cutting wear powder is likely to occur.

Further, in both the flat plate contact portion 1a and the bent contact portion 1b, since a specific resonance point determined by each shape exists, the vibration stability at a specific rotation speed is not good. Have problems.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a motor brush device which is excellent in both wear resistance and contact stability.

[0008]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a brush device for a motor, comprising: a pair of brush members made of a conductive metal plate; In the brush device for a motor configured to supply electric power by being brought into contact with each other, the energizing contact means provided on each of the brush members may be bent in a predetermined manner so that a plurality of edges contact the commutator side. It has a bent contact part formed in a shape, and a flat plate contact part formed so that a plane part contacts the commutator side.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the brush device for a motor according to the first aspect of the present invention, the energizing contact means of the brush member is such that a contact portion on a distal end side is divided into a plurality of contact portions and the divided contact portions are base ends. The contact portion on the side of the divided front end is formed as the bent contact portion or the flat plate contact portion.

Further, in the brush device for a motor according to the third aspect, in the brush member according to the second aspect of the present invention, the contact portion on the tip end side is divided into three, and the contact portion is divided into three. Two of the contact portions made are the flat plate contact portions.

Further, in the brush device for a motor according to the fourth aspect, the two flat plate contact portions of the divided brush member according to the third aspect have a substantially V-shaped cross section disposed at a central portion.
It is arranged on both sides of one bent contact part having a letter shape.

On the other hand, in the motor brush device according to the fifth aspect, the flat contact portion according to the third aspect has a bent contact portion such that an edge of the bent contact portion does not bite into the commutator side. It is arranged to support.

In the brush device for a motor according to the first aspect of the present invention, the bent contact portion and the flat plate contact portion constituting the current-carrying contact means of the brush member interact with each other. , Compensating for each other's weaknesses,
In addition, stable contact stability can be obtained in a wide rotation range from a low rotation range to a high rotation range. That is, first, by providing the bent contact portion, the contact pressure of the flat plate contact portion can be reduced, and by the provision of the flat plate contact portion, the excessively bent state of the bent contact portion is reduced. It is well prevented, and the generation of unnecessary cutting wear powder from the commutator is prevented.
As a result, the service life of both the brush member and the commutator can be prolonged, and the thickness of the contact metal layer in the commutator can be significantly reduced as compared with the conventional one having only a bent contact portion. .

In addition, since the bent contact portion and the flat plate contact portion described above have different vibration states due to having different cross-sectional shapes from each other, the bent contact portion and the flat plate contact portion have different vibration states. In either case, the contact portion on one side acts on the contact portion on the other side to suppress the vibration amplitude, and as a result, a very stable contact state is obtained in any rotation region.

At this time, if the divided brush member whose base end side is integrally joined is adopted as in the motor brush device according to claim 2 or 3, the rigidity of the entire divided brush member is improved. As a result, the effect according to the first aspect of the present invention is effectively exhibited.

Further, as in the brush device for a motor according to the fourth aspect, two flat plate contact portions are provided on both sides of one bent contact portion having a substantially V-shaped cross section, and the bent contact portion is in flat plate contact. The above-mentioned bending contact portion may be arranged so as to support the bending contact portion by a flat plate contact portion to prevent biting of the bending contact portion, as in the motor brush device according to claim 5. Stable support will be performed very well.

[0017]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG.
Three contact portions 12a, 12b, and 12c provided on a brush member 12 as current-carrying contact means are arranged so as to contact the outer peripheral surface of the commutator 11 formed in a substantially cylindrical shape. Although only one brush member 12 is shown in FIG. 1 for convenience of illustration, in practice, a pair of brush members 12 are arranged so as to sandwich the commutator 11 in the radial direction. A similar brush member 12 is arranged so as to come into contact from the lower side.

Each of the brush members 12 is formed as a divided brush member made of a conductive metal plate, and a base end portion 12d also constituting the electrode side of the brush member 12.
From the above, the base end portion 12d is divided into three, and the three contact portions 12a, 12b, 12c described above are divided.
Extend substantially horizontally toward the commutator 11 side, and a power supply operation to the commutator 11 side is performed through the integral base end portion 12d and the three contact portions 12a, 12b, and 12c. .

More specifically, the three contact portions 12
The central portion of the a, 12b, and 12c is formed of a bent contact portion bent and formed in a substantially V-shaped cross section, and has a substantially V-shaped cross-sectional shape in the bent contact portion 12b. Edges 12b1, 12 constituting the open leg ends of
The b1 is configured to linearly contact the surface of the contact metal layer 11a provided on the outer peripheral surface portion of the commutator 11 by a predetermined pressing force.

The two contact portions 12a and 12c arranged on both sides of the bent contact portion 12b are composed of a pair of flat plate contact portions formed of a thin plate member. The parts 12a and 12c are arranged so as to be substantially parallel to the bent contact part 12b. These flat contact portions 12a and 12c are in planar contact with the surface of the contact metal layer 11a of the commutator 11 by a predetermined pressing force. Position adjustment is performed so as to support the contact side so as not to have an excessive contact pressure, so that the bent contact portion 12b does not bite into the commutator 11 side. ing.

In the motor brush device according to this embodiment, the bent contact portion 12b and the flat plate contact portions 12a, 12a constituting the energizing contact means of the brush member 12 are provided.
By interacting with each other, c and c can compensate for each other's weaknesses and obtain stable contact stability in a wide rotation range from a low rotation range to a high rotation range. That is, first, since the bent contact portion 12b is provided, the flat plate contact portions 12a and 12c are provided.
Of the flat plate contact portion 12 can be reduced.
By providing a and 12c, an excessive biting state of the bent contact portion 12b is favorably prevented, and generation of unnecessary cutting wear powder from the commutator 11 is prevented. As a result, the brush member 12 and the commutator 11
, And the thickness of the contact metal layer 11a in the commutator 11 can be greatly reduced as compared with the conventional case having only the bent contact portion 12b.

For example, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a comparison between the conventional brush structure of the present invention and the composite brush structure of the present invention shows that when the same number of revolutions elapses. It can be seen that both the brush life (FIG. 2) and the commutator wear (FIG. 3) are both improved.

In addition, since the bent contact portion 12b and the flat plate contact portions 12a and 12c have different vibration states due to having mutually different cross-sectional shapes, a low rotation state and a low rotation state are obtained. In any of the high-rotation states, the contact part on one side acts to suppress the vibration amplitude with respect to the contact part on the other side, and as a result, the contact state extremely stable in any rotation region Is obtained.

In this embodiment, the divided brush member 1
Since the two base end portions 12d are integrally joined, the overall rigidity of the divided brush member 12 is improved, and the above-described operation is effectively exerted.

Further, in the present embodiment, two flat plate contact portions 12a and 12c are provided on both sides of one bent contact portion 12b having a substantially V-shaped cross section, and the bent contact portion 12b is replaced with the flat plate contact portions 12a and 12b. 12c, and the supporting relationship is such that the flat contact portions 12a, 12c support the bent contact portion 12b to prevent the biting of the bent contact portion 12b. Therefore, the stable support of the bent contact portion 12b is extremely excellent. Is being done.

On the other hand, in the embodiment shown in FIG.
A pair of brush members 12 provided on the upper side and the lower side
For example, the position of each of the bent contact portions 12
B and 12b are shifted from each other in the axial direction by a half pitch of the V-shaped cross section. As a result, the sliding grooves formed on the commutator 11 are shifted in the axial direction by pressing the end edges 12b1 and 12b1 of the bending contact portions 12b against the commutator 11 side.
Wear of the commutator 11 is further reduced.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the arrangement of the pair of upper and lower brush members 12, 12 is reversed, and the positional relationship in the axial direction is the same. By arranging the positions of the bent contact portions 12b at the opposite end positions, it is possible to similarly shift the pressure contact positions of the both end edges 12b1 and 12b1 in the bent contact portions 12b in the axial direction. .

Further, the embodiment shown in FIG.
Regarding the lower brush member 12 in the figure, the bent contact portion 12
b without providing the flat plate contact portions 12a, 12c, 12e
With this configuration, even if the arrangement positions of the pair of upper and lower brush members 12 in the drawing are the same in the axial direction, both end edges 12b1 of the bent contact portion 12b are provided. 12b1 makes it possible to eliminate the overlap of the sliding grooves formed on the commutator 11 side.

Although the embodiments of the present invention made by the inventor have been specifically described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be variously modified without departing from the gist thereof. Needless to say. For example, the bent contact portion 12b of the brush member 12 according to the present invention
Is not limited to the one having the V-shaped cross section as in the above-described embodiment, but may be formed into various other bent shapes.

[0030]

As described above, in the motor brush device according to the first aspect, the energizing contact means of the brush member 12, which constitutes the energizing contact means of the brush member 12, is formed by the bent contact portion 12b and the flat plate. Combined with the contact part to prevent unnecessary cutting wear on the commutator 11 while compensating for each other's disadvantages by the interaction of both, and at the same time, stable contact stability in a wide rotation area from low rotation area to high rotation area Since the brush member 12 and the commutator 11 are designed to have long life,
The reliability can be improved by preventing the occurrence of a slit short circuit and the like.

Further, in the motor brush device according to the second or third aspect, the base end side of the divided brush member 12 is integrally joined to improve the rigidity of the divided brush member 12, so that the aforementioned brush device is provided. The effects according to the invention described in Item 1 are more effectively exhibited.

Further, in the brush device for a motor according to the fourth aspect, two flat plate contact portions are provided on both sides of one bent contact portion 12b of the divided brush member 12 having a substantially V-shaped cross section, so that the folded contact is provided. Since the portion 12b is more stably held, the effect according to the first aspect of the present invention can be further enhanced.

Furthermore, in the brush device for a motor according to the fifth aspect, the flat contact portion prevents the bent contact portion 12b from excessively biting as a positional relationship for supporting the bent contact portion 12b. The effect according to the first aspect of the present invention can be further improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an external perspective view illustrating a brush device for a motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the results of a comparison between a conventional brush having a single brush structure and a brush having a composite brush structure according to the present invention in terms of brush life time.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a comparison result of a conventional single brush structure and a composite brush structure according to the present invention in terms of a commutator wear amount.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory side view showing another embodiment of the motor brush device.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory side view showing still another embodiment of the motor brush device.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory side view showing still another embodiment of the brush device for the motor.

FIG. 7 is an external perspective explanatory view showing an example of a conventional motor brush device.

FIG. 8 is an external perspective explanatory view showing another example of a conventional motor brush device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Commutator 11a Contact metal layer 12 Brush member (electrical contact means) 12a, 12c, 12e Plate contact part 12b Bend contact part 12b1, 12b1 Edge 12d Base end

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A brush device for a motor, wherein power is supplied by bringing current-contact means provided on a pair of brush members made of a conductive metal plate into contact with a commutator side, wherein each of the brush members Is provided with a bent contact portion formed in a predetermined bent shape such that a plurality of edges contact the commutator side, and a flat portion contacts the commutator side. A motor brush device comprising: a flat plate contact portion formed as described above. 2. The energizing contact means of the brush member comprises a divided brush member in which a contact portion on a distal end side is divided into a plurality of parts, and the divided contact portions are integrally joined on a base end side. The brush device for a motor according to claim 1, wherein the formed contact portion on the tip side is formed as the bent contact portion or the flat plate contact portion. 3. The divided brush member of the brush member, wherein a contact portion on the tip end side is divided into three, and two of the three divided contact portions are the flat plate contact portions. The motor brush device according to claim 2, wherein: 4. The two flat plate contact portions of the divided brush member are disposed on both sides of one bent contact portion having a substantially V-shaped cross section disposed at a central portion. 4. The brush device for a motor according to 3. 5. The flat plate contact portion is arranged so as to support the bent contact portion so that an edge of the bent contact portion does not bite into the commutator side. Motor brush device.