JP2001336022A - Method for collecting kenaf bast fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To establish a method for collecting kenaf bast fiber by which the kenaf bast fiber can be collected within a short period. SOLUTION: The number of days for collecting the bast fiber is extremely shortened compared to that by a conventional method of peeling the bast from stalks, soaking the bast in stored water, and washing the soaked bast in a river, by subjecting the stalks of the kenaf to the opening treatment by microorganisms, and subjecting the stalks subjected to the opening treatment by the microorganisms to the stirring treatment in water to separate the fiber from the cores, and to collect the bast fiber.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for collecting kenaf bast fibers for collecting fibers from bast constituting kenaf stalks.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The bast constituting the kenaf stalk contains a maximum amount of cellulose fiber as compared with other plants, and kenaf is an annual plant that can be easily cultivated in a wide area. For this reason, kenaf bast fiber is an optimal natural resource as a natural cellulose fiber. For this reason, it is desired to establish a method for efficiently extracting bast fibers from kenaf bast.

[0003] The method of collecting kenaf bast fiber currently used is to first strip bast from kenaf stalks that have been harvested to remove branches and leaves, to separate bast and core, and then to place bast. Quantitatively bundle and immerse in a deep water reservoir for 20 to 30 days to decompose and remove lignin and other cell binding substances present between the epidermis and fibers of the bast into microorganisms that naturally inhabit the water reservoir, After that, the cell-binding substance is decomposed, and the removed bast is washed with water in a river or a flowing water tank to remove bast deposits to form bast fibers. Finally, the washed bast is washed and cleaned. Dry the hide fiber thoroughly in the sun or in a dryer.
The bast fiber collected in this manner is appropriately cut, adjusted to a fiber length according to the intended use, and stored or shipped.

[0004]

By the way, in the current method of collecting kenaf bast fibers described above, all the steps are performed manually by hand, and the cell binding substance in the bast in the water reservoir is removed. It takes a long time of 20 to 30 days for decomposition and removal, and the collection method is basically performed under natural conditions, so it is easily affected by the surrounding environment, and the surrounding environment is polluted. There is a possibility that.

In the method for collecting kenaf bast fibers, the bast is immersed in a water reservoir to decompose and remove cell-binding substances.
The main process is to wash the bast after decomposing and removing the cell-binding substance, but when it is immersed in a basin to decompose and remove the cell-binding substance of the bast, it is alive in the pool water Microorganisms proliferate using the organic matter eluted from bast as nutrients using oxygen in the water to make the stagnant water anaerobic.Furthermore, the proliferating microorganisms die and become water pollutants such as sludge, Part of the sludge is decomposed by active microorganisms, causing odor. In addition, when the bast from which the cell-binding substance is decomposed and removed is washed with water, the substance adhering to the bast fiber flows out as it is and causes water pollution of rivers and the like.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to enable kenaf bast fibers to be collected in a short time, and to minimize environmental pollution when kenaf bast fibers are collected.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for collecting kenaf bast fibers for collecting fibers from bast constituting kenaf stalks. It is characterized in that kenaf stalks subjected to fine fiber treatment and microbial disintegration treatment are stirred in water, separated into bast fibers and cores, bast fibers are collected, and the collected bast fibers are dried. Things.

In the method for collecting bast fiber of kenaf according to the present invention, the kenaf stalks are immersed in a microorganism treatment solution in a microorganism treatment tank in a state where a large number of kenaf stalks are put together. In addition, as the microorganism treatment liquid, a microorganism treatment liquid containing at least one kind of decomposing bacteria selected from the group of cellulolytic bacteria and hemicellulose degrading bacteria can be employed.

[0009]

The method for collecting bast fibers according to the present invention is characterized in that the bast of kenaf is subjected to microbial disintegration treatment together with the core, and the bast that has been subjected to microbial disintegration treatment is agitated in water. The bast fiber is separated and recovered as bast fiber, so that the number of days for collecting bast fiber can be greatly reduced as compared with the conventional method for collecting bast fiber.

[0010] In the method for collecting bast fibers according to the present invention, the microbial fibrillation of the bast is performed using the microbial treatment liquid in the microbial treatment tank. In addition, it is possible to significantly suppress the discharge of the microorganism treatment liquid to the outside, and to prevent environmental pollution due to the microorganism treatment liquid. In addition, by appropriately evacuating the microorganism treatment tank during the microorganism disintegration treatment, it is possible to prevent the generation of offensive odor from the microorganism treatment tank.

Further, in the method for collecting bast fibers according to the present invention, kenaf stems subjected to microbial disintegration treatment are stirred in water to separate them into bast fibers and cores, and bast fibers are collected. In addition, since the washing process exerts a water-washing action on bast fibers, the water-washing step in the conventional method for collecting bast fibers can be eliminated or can be made extremely light. Further, the aqueous solution that has been subjected to the stirring treatment and the cleaning liquid that has been subjected to the subsequent light water washing can be collected and reused as a microorganism treatment liquid. For this reason,
The discharge of these aqueous solutions to the outside can be eliminated or greatly reduced, and environmental pollution by water pollutants can be significantly reduced.

[0012]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In one embodiment of the method for collecting bast fibers according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, a preparation step, a microorganism treatment step, a bast fiber recovery step, and a drying step Is the main process.

[0013] The preparation step is a step of preparing the kenaf stalk for microbial defibration. In the preparation step, the stalk from which the harvested kenaf branches and leaves have been removed is cut and trimmed to a predetermined length. House in a basket. The length of the stem is, for example, 10
With several tens of cm, a wire mesh basket is used as the treatment basket.
As the size, an appropriate size that can accommodate the stems in a plurality of rows and a plurality of stages in parallel is selected. The wire mesh basket is suitable for surely immersing a large number of stored stems in the microorganism treatment liquid without floating the stem in the microorganism treatment liquid in the microorganism treatment tank.

In the microorganism treatment step, the bast is subjected to microbial fibrillation treatment in a state where many stems accommodated in a wire mesh basket are immersed in the microorganism treatment liquid. In the microorganism treatment step, the microorganism treatment tank containing the microorganism treatment liquid is used. Use The microorganism treatment solution is
It is an aqueous solution in which microorganisms effective for decomposing kenaf bast to fiberize are mixed with water, and the microorganisms are selected from various microorganisms living in soil under predetermined conditions. Although the microorganisms are currently being identified, they are roughly classified into either cellulose-degrading bacteria or hemicellulose-degrading bacteria, or a plurality of bacterial groups in which these are mixed.

[0015] These microorganisms are obtained by inoculating bacteria in a culture solution that has been cultured in advance as seed bacteria, and pouring the culture solution into water in a treatment tank to proliferate. The amount of the microorganism to be introduced is appropriately set in relation to the type of the microorganism, the amount of the stem to be decomposed, and the like.
Range. The treatment temperature with the microorganism treatment solution is 10 to 5
It is in the range of 0 ° C. Microbial fibrillation of the bast is about 5 days, during which time the microbial treatment tank is evacuated as appropriate to prevent the generation of offensive odors.

The bast fiber collecting step is a step of stirring the microorganism-defibrated stalk in a water tank to separate the bast fiber and the core and recovering the bast fiber. The stem after the fiber treatment is transferred to a treatment tank containing water, and a cylindrical wire mesh basket is rotated in the water tank to perform a stirring treatment. The rotation condition of the wire mesh basket is appropriately set, and the rotation speed is 150 to 5
A range of 00 rpm / min and a stirring time of 30 to 60 minutes are sufficient. The stem subjected to the stirring treatment is taken out of the treatment tank, and sorted into fibers and cores to collect fibers. If any deposits remain on the recovered bast fibers, the bast fibers are washed lightly with water. The waste liquid after washing with water and the waste liquid from the stirring treatment tank are collected and reused in the microorganism treatment tank.

In the drying step, the bast fiber separated from the core and recovered is dried, and the bast fiber is artificially and sufficiently dried using the sun or a drier. After drying,
The bast fiber is weighed and the amount collected is checked, and then the bast fiber is appropriately cut and adjusted to a fiber length according to the application,
Stored or shipped. (Experimental Example 1) In this experiment, an experiment was conducted in which bast fibers were collected using a kenaf stem that had fallen and a kenaf stem that had been harvested in blue. In the sampling experiment, the sampling method according to the present invention (first sampling method) shown in FIG. 1 and three types of sampling methods shown in FIG. 2A (second sampling method) and FIG. Was carried out. The kenaf stalks subjected to the sampling experiment were 18 cm in length, and therefore the length of the bast was 18 cm. Each processing step was used.

In the microorganism treatment step and the water immersion step, each treatment tank has a length, width, and depth of 30 cm × 30 cm × 2.
A tank having a volume of 0 cm was used, and the effective treatment liquid volume was set to 15 L in both the microorganism treatment step and the water immersion step. The microorganism treatment liquid used in the microorganism treatment step was prepared by adding 3 L of a culture solution of microorganisms cultured under the following conditions to water to adjust the pH to 15 L, and having a pH of 6.5 to 7.0 and a temperature of 30 to 35. ℃,
Microbial treatment was performed by controlling the ventilation rate to 50 L / min. Also. In the water immersion step, the pH of the water is 6.5 to 7.0,
Water immersion was performed while controlling the temperature at 30 to 35 ° C. and the air flow rate at 50 L / min. In addition, in the water immersion process, for comparison, the treatment was performed even if the ventilation was stopped. In the cultivation of the microorganism, a hemicellulose-degrading bacterium collected in the soil is employed as a microorganism, and a potato broth sucrose-supplemented medium (pH 6.8)
Was used to prepare a culture solution of hemicellulose-degrading bacteria.

In the bast fiber collecting step, the diameter × depth is 30
A treatment tank having a volume of cm × 30 cm was used, and the amount of effective treatment water was 10 L. Stirring is 15cm x 15cm in diameter x depth
The mixture was stirred at a rotation speed of 200 rpm for 30 minutes using a wire mesh basket of cm. Thereafter, the bast fibers were separated and collected from the core, and dried sufficiently in a dryer. In the washing process,
Washing was performed in running water for 30 minutes.

The defibration rate (collection rate%) of the collected bast fiber is (defibrated bast) / {(defibrated bast) + (undefibrated bast)} × 1
00 was calculated. Further, the detection of offensive odor in the microorganism treatment step and the water immersion step was performed by a sensory test. Table 1 shows the obtained results.

[0021]

[Table 1]

(Experimental Example 2) In this experiment, the microbial treatment solution used in the microorganism treatment step was prepared as described in Example 1 except that 1.5 L of the culture solution of the microorganism was added to water to prepare 15 L.
Under the same conditions as the sampling method and the second sampling method, a bast fiber collection experiment was performed to calculate the bast fiber defibration rate (collection rate%), and to detect odor in the microorganism treatment process by a sensory test. went. Table 2 shows the obtained results. However, hemicellose-degrading bacteria (degrading bacteria 1) and cellulose-degrading bacteria (degrading bacteria 2) were employed as the microorganisms. For culturing cellulolytic bacteria, a synthetic liquid medium containing inorganic salts and saccharides (pH
6.8) was used.

[0023]

[Table 2]

(Experimental Example 3) In this experiment, the microorganism treatment liquid used in the microorganism treatment step was adjusted to 15 L by adding an appropriate amount (L) of a culture liquid of the microorganism to water to prepare 15 L. A bast fiber collection experiment was performed under the same conditions as in the first collection method, and the defibration rate (collection rate%) of the bast fiber was calculated, and the detection of offensive odor in the microorganism treatment process was performed by a sensory test. . Table 3 shows the obtained results. However, cellulose-degrading bacteria (degrading bacteria 2) were employed as the microorganism.

[0025]

[Table 3]

(Experimental Example 4) In this experiment, the bast fiber was collected under the same conditions as in the first collection method of Experimental Example 1 except that the microorganism treatment temperature used in the microorganism treatment step was set to an appropriate temperature. An experiment was performed to calculate the defibration rate (collection rate%) of the bast fiber, and to detect a bad smell in the microorganism treatment step by a sensory test. Table 4 shows the obtained results. However, cellulose-degrading bacteria (degrading bacteria 2) were employed as the microorganism.

[0027]

[Table 4]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing steps of a method for collecting kenaf bast fibers (first collecting method) according to an example of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is flowcharts (a) and (b) showing steps of a kenaf bast fiber collection method (second collection method, third collection method) as a comparative example of the same collection method.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A method for collecting kenaf bast fibers for collecting fibers from bast constituting kenaf stalks, wherein the kenaf stalks are subjected to microbial disintegration treatment, and the microbial disintegrated stems are subjected to submergence. A method for collecting kenaf bast fibers, comprising separating the bast fibers by separating them into bast fibers and a core by agitating the bast fibers and drying the collected bast fibers. 2. The method for collecting kenaf bast fibers according to claim 1, wherein the kenaf stem is immersed in a microorganism treating solution in a state where a large number of kenaf stems are collected. A method for collecting kenaf bast fibers. 3. The method for collecting bast fiber of kenaf according to claim 2, wherein the microbial treatment solution is a cellulolytic bacterium,
At least one selected from the group of hemicellulose-degrading bacteria
A method for collecting kenaf bast fiber, comprising a kind of decomposing bacteria.