JP2001330390A - Heat exchanger for high pressure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a heat exchanger for high pressure so constituted as to enable simple and sure execution of jointing by using a joint material excellent in jointing strength in the case when a header tank made of stainless steel is connected to the main body of a plate fin type heat exchanger made of aluminum. SOLUTION: A sheet material prepared by integrating an aluminum sheet and a stainless steel sheet together by explosive cladding is subjected to machining such as punching to be formed into a rectangular frame body having dimensions and a shape needed, for instance. By using the material thus formed as a joint of the header tank, an aluminum material and stainless steel are welded to each other, thereby obtaining an excellent jointing strength.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement of an aluminum plate-fin heat exchanger, and more particularly to a high-pressure heat exchanger most suitable for a low-temperature and high-pressure chemical plant.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A plate fin type heat exchanger has a structure in which fins are interposed between tube plates serving as passage walls, spacer bars are arranged around the tube plates to form fluid passages, and the passages are stacked and arranged. For example, excellent heat exchange efficiency can be obtained by causing the heat medium and the heat exchange fluid to flow down alternately in the adjacent fluid passages.

[0003] As a material of the plate fin type heat exchanger, various metal materials such as aluminum and stainless steel are adopted according to the working fluid. In a chemical plant application, for example, a plate fin type heat exchanger is used as a heat exchanger for performing heat exchange of a low-temperature and high-pressure fluid.

[0004]

Depending on the type of fluid to be heat-exchanged in the plate-fin heat exchanger, the heat exchanger is made of the same material as the required processing device connected upstream or downstream of the heat exchanger. May be required.

[0005] However, in some cases, heat exchangers of different materials and another processing device are connected to each other due to a fluid of a heat exchange partner or a request for heat exchange efficiency. For example, a configuration is conceivable in which a stainless steel header tank is connected to the body of an aluminum plate-fin heat exchanger.

[0006] In this case, the joint peripheral surface of the main body and the header tank is formed by using a two- or three-layer joint material of an alloy material having good weldability with aluminum, this alloy, and another alloy material having good weldability with stainless steel. And a method of sequentially welding and joining them.

In the case of using a joint material in which a plurality of alloy materials are sequentially welded and joined, for example, when the above-described heat exchange of a low-temperature and high-pressure fluid is performed, the pressure resistance of the welded portion is increased due to a large number of weldings and problems of the alloy materials. There is a concern that cracks may occur and leak due to poor properties.

[0008] The present invention uses a joint material having excellent joining strength when connecting a stainless steel header tank to the main body of an aluminum plate-fin heat exchanger.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a high-pressure heat exchanger having a configuration in which joining can be performed easily and reliably.

[0009]

The inventor of the present invention has conducted various studies for a joint material having excellent joining strength, and has found that, for example, a sheet material having a required size and shape can be obtained from a plate material obtained by integrating an aluminum plate and a stainless steel plate by explosion pressure bonding. The present inventors have found out that excellent joining strength can be obtained by subjecting a rectangular frame body to processing such as punching and forming a joint for a header tank to weld an aluminum material and stainless steel to each other, and completed the present invention.

[0010] That is, the present invention comprises a structure in which a stainless steel header tank is connected to the body of an aluminum plate fin type heat exchanger. ,
In addition, an integral joint material similar in shape to the joint peripheral surface and seamless in the circumferential direction was interposed in the joint peripheral surface between the main body and the header tank, and the same material as the material on the joint peripheral surface was joined by welding. It is a high-pressure heat exchanger characterized by the above-mentioned.

[0011]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION A structure for connecting a stainless steel header tank 2 to a main body 1 of an aluminum plate-fin type heat exchanger shown in FIG. 1A will be described. As shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 1C, an integrated joint material 3 having a rectangular frame shape similar to the joint peripheral surface and having no joint in the circumferential direction is arranged at the joint to be joined.

[0012] The joint member 3 has a configuration in which an aluminum plate 3a and a stainless steel plate 3b made of a plate material having a required thickness are integrated by explosion pressure bonding, and is characterized by extremely high joining strength. As shown in FIG.1B, the joining surface of the aluminum main body 1 and the aluminum plate 3a of the joint material 3 are joined by aluminum welding, and a stainless steel header tank 2
The joint surface of the joint member 3 and the stainless steel plate 3b of the joint material 3 are joined by stainless steel welding, whereby the joint is firmly joined.

[0013] In the present invention, the method of manufacturing the joint member 3 shown in FIG. 1C is based on the requirement that the aluminum plate and the stainless steel plate of the required thickness be uniformly and firmly integrated by a known explosion crimping method from the required dimensions of the plate material. It can be easily manufactured by processing into the shape of the joint peripheral surface to be formed, for example, a ring shape or a frame shape. In the explosion pressure bonding method, pressure bonding conditions, temperature, and the like are appropriately selected according to conditions such as the material, area, and thickness of the aluminum plate and the stainless steel plate.

In the present invention, the use of the heat exchanger is not particularly limited. For example, when an aluminum material is used, a high-pressure heat exchanger for a chemical plant that handles a fluid having an operating temperature of 450 K or less and a pressure of 12 MPa or less. Ideal for applications.

[0015] When the above-mentioned heat exchanger for high pressure is used, 5083, 5052, 6061 and 3003 are used as the aluminum material.
For stainless steel, 304, 304L, 316, 316L, etc. can be appropriately selected.

[0016]

[Example] Plate fin type heat exchanger for cryogenic use 3003
In order to join the main body made of aluminum material and the header tank made of SUS304 material, two pieces of a 3003 aluminum plate with a thickness of 42 mm and a SUS304L plate with a thickness of 38 mm are used as joint material, and both are integrated by explosion crimping , One sheet material was created.

[0017] From this crimped plate material, it was processed into a rectangular frame shape of required dimensions to obtain a joint material. The aluminum material side of the joint material was brought into contact with the heat exchanger body side, and this was welded.
The S304 material and the header tank were welded to complete the joining.

[0018] Using the completed plate fin type heat exchanger,
When a pressure resistance test was performed, the test piece withstood a pressure of 18 MPa, and no abnormality such as a crack occurred at the joint.

[0019]

According to the present invention, by using an integral joint material having a shape similar to the joint peripheral surface obtained by integrating an aluminum plate and a stainless steel plate by explosion pressure bonding and having no joint in the circumferential direction, the heat of the aluminum material can be reduced. A stainless steel header tank made of a different material can be easily welded to the exchanger body with excellent joining strength. Therefore, in a chemical plant application, for example, an aluminum plate-fin type heat exchanger can be used for a device that performs heat exchange of a low-temperature and high-pressure fluid.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1A is a perspective explanatory view of a plate-fin heat exchanger, and FIG.
Is a front explanatory view, and C is an explanatory view of a joint material.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Heat exchanger body 2 Header tank 3 Joint material 3a Aluminum plate 3b Stainless steel plate

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A structure in which a stainless steel header tank is connected to the main body of an aluminum heat exchanger, and is a plate material of a required thickness obtained by integrating an aluminum plate and a stainless steel plate by explosion pressure bonding, and is similar to the joining peripheral surface. A high-pressure heat exchanger in which an integral joint material with no seam in the circumferential direction is interposed on the joint peripheral surface between the main body and the header tank, and the same material as that on the joint peripheral surface is joined by welding. 2. The high-pressure heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger is used for a chemical plant that handles a fluid having an operating temperature of 450 K or less and a pressure of 12 MPa or less.