JP6080746B2 - Plate laminate - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a plate laminate used as a heat exchanger, a distributor or the like by forming a flow path between plate members such as laminated aluminum clad alloy materials.

Conventionally, a laminated heat exchanger produced by plastically processing an aluminum clad alloy material into a dish-shaped plate having substantially the same outer peripheral part, laminating a plurality of sheets in the thickness direction and joining them by integral brazing, and There is a distributor. Each laminated plate is formed with a hole shape and a concavo-convex shape. By brazing the laminated body, a flow path through which the refrigerant and working fluid flowing inside is formed. On the outer periphery of the plate and the hole end surface, standing walls are formed by bending, burring, drawing, etc. to prevent leakage of working fluid from the inside of the laminated plate to the outside. There is also an example in which the sealing performance is improved by caulking or the like.
Such an aluminum clad alloy material includes a brazing material layer made of an Al—Si based aluminum alloy on one surface of a core material made of an aluminum alloy, and a sacrificial layer made of an Al—Zn based aluminum alloy on the other surface. By laminating a plurality of these plate members in the plate thickness direction and heating them to a temperature equal to or higher than the melting temperature of the brazing filler metal layer with a jig applied in the plate thickness direction, The brazing material is melted and each joint is brazed. The sacrificial layer that is lower in potential than the aluminum alloy of the core material corrodes preferentially with respect to the core material, and prevents pitting corrosion that penetrates the core material.
As such a plate laminated body, there is a heat exchanger using an aluminum clad alloy material that can be brazed while maintaining corrosion resistance (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). There is also a heat exchanger in which the laminated plate members are crimped together in order to improve the bonding strength between the laminated plates and the sealing property (see, for example, Patent Document 3).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-168591 (first page, FIG. 1) JP 2009-36468 A (first page, FIG. 1) Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2001-99585 (first page, FIG. 1)

  In the conventional plate laminate as described above, when brazing in the state where each plate is laminated in the plate thickness direction, the brazing material is melted unless the joints are kept in close contact with each other. A good brazing material flow cannot be obtained, and gaps occur at the joints and voids occur in the brazing material layer, so there is a jig to apply pressure in the stacking direction. is necessary. Further, even in a state where the pressure is applied by a jig or the like, there is a problem that defective bonding similarly occurs when pressure unevenness occurs due to durability deterioration of the jig repeatedly used in a high temperature environment. Also, in order to eliminate the need for a pressurizing jig, etc., and to improve sealing performance and bonding strength, a method of caulking laminated plates is used, but it is necessary to add a caulking process after lamination. There is also a problem that the manufacturing process increases and productivity deteriorates.

  The present invention has been made to solve these problems, and can eliminate the need for post-processing such as a pressure jig when brazing the laminated body and caulking work after lamination, and is inexpensive and reliable. It aims at providing the plate laminated body of high.

In the plate laminate according to the present invention, a plurality of plate members each having an upright side portion formed on a peripheral portion are laminated with the directions of the upright side portions aligned, and the adjacent upright side portions are brazed along the circumferential direction. In the plate laminate in which a fluid flow path is formed between the adjacent plate members, a hole portion formed of a through hole provided in one of the adjacent rising side portions and the other rising side portion And a plurality of engaging portions that can hold a pressurized state in the stacking direction. The engaging portions are brazed inside the through holes. It is characterized by forming a wax pool by attaching .

According to this invention, it is composed of a hole portion formed of a through hole provided in one of the adjacent raised side portions, and a convex portion provided in the other raised side portion and engaged with the hole portion, A plurality of locking portions capable of holding a pressure state in the stacking direction are provided , and the locking portions are formed in the through holes by forming brazing pools by brazing , so that an addition applied in the stacking direction is provided. Since the pressure is held by the locking part consisting of the hole and convex part, there is no need for a pressure jig or caulking work when brazing, and not only the workability and productivity during manufacturing are improved. In addition, the brazing material is effectively concentrated on the engaging part composed of the through hole and the convex part formed with the brazing hole inside, and a good sealing property is obtained, so that it is inexpensive and reliable. A high plate stack can be provided.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a perspective view which shows the external appearance outline when the plate laminated body by Embodiment 1 of this invention is comprised as a laminated distributor. It is sectional drawing which shows the laminated distributor similar to FIG. 1 in an image. It is sectional drawing which expands and shows the state before brazing of the junction part enclosed with the circle | round | yen A of FIG. 2, and its vicinity. It is an expanded sectional view which shows the state after the brazing process of the junction part of FIG. 3, and its vicinity. It is a principal part expanded sectional view after the brazing process of the laminated distributor by Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a principal part expanded sectional view after the brazing process of the laminated distributor by Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a principal part expanded sectional view after the brazing process of the laminated distributor by Embodiment 4 of this invention. It is a principal part expanded sectional view after the brazing process of the laminated distributor by Embodiment 5 of this invention.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing an external appearance when the plate laminate according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is configured as a laminate distributor, and FIG. 2 is an image of a laminate distributor similar to FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the joint portion surrounded by a circle A in FIG. 2 and its vicinity before brazing, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the joint portion in FIG. 3 and its vicinity after the brazing process. It is an expanded sectional view showing a state. In the figure, the laminated distributor 10 includes a plurality of plate members 1 (1A, 11A, 11B, 11C, 11D,...) Formed in substantially the same shape. 1B, 1C, ...) is formed through a process including a process of laminating and pressing a predetermined number of the rising side portions 11 with the direction of the rising side portions 11 aligned, and brazing the adjacent rising side portions 11 in a liquid-tight manner along the circumferential direction. ing. The laminated distributor 10 according to the first embodiment distributes the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant pipe such as an air conditioner using a refrigeration cycle to a number of heat transfer tubes (all not shown) of the fin tube type heat exchanger. It has a function.

  A flow path 5 through which a working fluid, mainly a coolant flows, is formed inside the stacked plate members 1, and the flow path 5 sequentially extends in the left-right direction and the front-rear direction from the upper side to the lower side in FIG. In this example, the lowermost plate member is formed using a punched hole in the stacking direction or a flow path plate 4 installed between adjacent plate members 1 and 1 so as to branch into a plurality of dimensions two-dimensionally. 1F is provided with a large number of connecting portions 51 for connecting heat transfer tubes (not shown) of fin-tube heat exchangers by brazing. The punched holes provided in each plate member 1 are formed by punching or the like with a press in order to form a flow path in a stacked state. In order to distinguish the stacked plate members 1, in this document, for the sake of convenience, the upper side in the posture in which the rising side portion 11 faces upward in the drawing is referred to as “upper side”. Moreover, about the plate member 1 and the standing side part 11, only when it is necessary to specify the position of a lamination direction on description, it distinguishes by attaching the alphabet (capital letter) of AF after a number. To do.

  The plate member 1 is processed into a dish shape in which an upright side portion 11 is formed at a peripheral portion by drawing, bending, or the like, and includes the upright side portion 11 and a main surface portion 12. Each plate member 1 is heat-treated in a laminated state, so that the standing side portions 11 are brazed and joined together, and the main surface portions 12 are brazed and joined via the flow channel plate 4, thereby providing a continuous flow path. To prevent leakage of the working fluid to the outside of the stacked distributor 10. In the first to fifth embodiments, an example in which the plate stack is configured as the stacked distributor 10 will be described. However, the flow path configuration is the first flow in which the flow paths adjacent in the stacking direction are independent from each other. It goes without saying that the plate laminate of the present invention can be configured as a plate heat exchanger by changing the path and the second flow path so as to be alternately connected. In any case of the stacked distributor and the plate heat exchanger, the flow path configuration is not limited, and a known technique can be appropriately selected and used.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the uppermost plate member 1A has lower corrosion resistance than the core material 1a on the upper surface in the figure, which is the outer surface of the laminated distributor 10, with respect to the aluminum alloy core material 1a. The sacrificial anode layer 1b to be corroded is clad, and the opposite surface is clad with a brazing material layer 1c having a melting point lower than that of the core material 1a. On the other hand, the intermediate plate members 1B, 1C,... And the lowermost plate member 1F (shown in FIG. 2) stacked below the uppermost plate member 1A are the sacrificial anode layer 1b and the brazing material. It is formed so that the arrangement of the layer 1c is upside down. As a result, the lower plate member 1 from the second stage in the stacking direction has the brazing filler metal layer 1c oriented on the upper surface side in the stacking direction, and the brazing of the flow path plate 4 provided between the plate members 1 and 1. I will give it to you. On the other hand, the upper and lower outer surfaces of the multilayer distributor 10 and the outer surfaces around the side surfaces are covered with the sacrificial anode layer 1b.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3, in the standing side part 11 of one adjacent plate member 1, a hole part 2 made of a through hole is provided in this example, and the standing side part 11 of the other plate member 1 is provided in the standing side part 11. Protrusions 3 that enter and are locked with respect to the holes 2 during lamination are provided. In this example, the rising side portions 11B, 11C,... Of the intermediate plate members 1B, 1C,... Both hole portions 2 that engage with the standing side portion 11 on the lower side are provided. When the plate members 1 are sequentially laminated, the convex portion 3 is fitted into the hole portion 2 by applying pressure with a predetermined force, and the pressurized state applied in the laminating direction is a relationship between the convex portion 3 and the hole portion 2. It is comprised so that it can hold | maintain with the latching force by the fitting of a stop part.

  The number of installations of the locking portions of the hole 2 and the convex portion 3 provided in the standing side portion 11 adjacent in the stacking direction is not particularly limited, but, for example, 2 to 5 locations only on the opposed long side side Appropriate numbers may be selected at appropriate locations according to the size of the plate member 1 and the required locking force, such as providing each one or a plurality of locations on the opposed long side and short side. Moreover, the shape when the hole 2 is viewed from the front of the hole is not limited to a circle, and may be, for example, an oval. When the hole 2 has an oval shape, it is desirable that the convex portion 3 also has an oval shape. 1 and 2, the hole 2 and the protrusion 3 described above are not shown.

  Next, the operation of the first embodiment configured as described above will be described. First, in the uppermost plate member 1A, a sacrificial anode layer 1b having a lower corrosion resistance than the core material 1a is clad on the outer surface when the core material 1a made of an aluminum alloy is used, and on the opposite surface thereof. A brazing material layer 1c having a melting point lower than that of the core material 1a is used, and the middle and lowermost plate members 1B to 1F are formed by reversing the arrangement of the sacrificial anode layer 1b and the brazing material layer 1c. By using it, the plate members 1 and 1 are brought into contact with each other by the brazing material layer, and after lamination, the laminated body is heated to a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point of the brazing material layer in a heating furnace or the like, so that the brazing material layer 1c is formed. The raised side portions 11, 11 adjacent to each other in the stacking direction are liquid-tightly joined along the circumferential direction, and the main surface portions 12 are brazed between the plate members 1, 1 via the flow path plate 4. It will be joined. Further, the sacrificial anode layer 1 b is always arranged on the rising side portion 11 so as to face the outside of the multilayer distributor 10. Therefore, the sacrificial anode layer 1b functions on the surface exposed to the external environment on the outer surface of the laminated distributor 10, and the occurrence of pitting corrosion that penetrates in the plate thickness direction is prevented.

  Also, the hole 2 provided in the adjacent one of the rising side portions 11 and the hole 2 provided in the other rising side portion 11 are locked to the hole portion 2 at the time of stacking pressurization to maintain the pressurized state. Since the engaging portion composed of the convex portion 3 that can be provided is provided, a pressing means such as a pressing jig that has been conventionally required for heating after stacking is no longer necessary, and labor for attaching the jig Is omitted and productivity is improved. Conventionally, a method of holding the pressure by crimping each plate member without using a jig is used. However, according to the present invention, a separate process is not required after stacking as in the caulking process. Therefore, it is possible to maintain the applied pressure only by stacking and assembling, and productivity is improved. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 4, in the present invention, when the brazing filler metal layer 1c melts and flows, the brazing filler is effectively concentrated on the fitting portion between the hole 2 and the convex portion 3 by surface tension. Since the brazing reservoir 6 (shown in FIG. 4) can be made, a good bonded state can be obtained, and a highly reliable sealing performance can be ensured.

  As described above, according to the first embodiment, the hole 2 is provided in one upstanding side 11 adjacent in the stacking direction, and the stacking pressure is applied to the hole 2 in the other upstanding side 11. By adopting a fitting structure that is provided with a convex portion 3 that is sometimes locked and can hold a pressurized state, it is adjacent to the stacking direction only by including the pressing operation in the stacking operation in the stacking process. It is possible to maintain the applied pressure in the stacking direction in the state of a semi-finished product in which the rising side portions 11 and 11 are fitted to each other. For this reason, it is possible to eliminate the need for a pressure jig or the like conventionally required for brazing after stacking, and therefore, the number of steps for attaching to the pressure jig is reduced, thereby improving productivity and yield. Further, by repeatedly using the pressurizing jig in a high temperature environment, it is possible to prevent a bonding failure that occurs due to deterioration in durability and uneven pressurization. In addition, by not using a pressure jig in the brazing process, it is possible to reduce useless energy required for heating the pressure jig.

  Furthermore, since it is possible to maintain the applied pressure only in the step of laminating the conventional caulking structure, post-processing is unnecessary as in the caulking step, and productivity can be improved. In addition, since it is a locking part with a fitting structure between the hole 2 and the convex part 3, the brazing material is effectively concentrated on the fitting part between the hole 2 and the convex part 3 at the time of brazing. By forming 6, a good bonded state can be obtained, and an inexpensive and highly reliable plate laminate can be obtained. Further, by appropriately configuring the sacrificial anode layer 1b and brazing material layer 1c clad on the core material 1a made of an aluminum alloy, the corrosion resistance is improved, and pitting corrosion that penetrates in the plate thickness direction is generated. Product life can be extended.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main part after the brazing process of the multilayer distributor according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the hole portion 2 provided in the upright side portion 11A of the plate member 1A arranged at the uppermost stage is not a through hole, but from the side of the convex portion 3 provided in the second upright side portion 11B. As seen, it consists of a bottomed recess. In addition, when the plate thickness of the plate member 1 is large, the bottomed recess may be hollowed out within the range of the plate thickness. Moreover, it is good also considering all the hole parts of a lamination direction as a recessed part with a bottom. Since other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.

  In the second embodiment configured as described above, after laminating the plate members 1 in the same manner as in the first embodiment, the plate members can be heated and brazed and the corrosion resistance can be maintained. Further, by fixing the plate members 1 and 1 adjacent to each other in the stacking direction by fitting the hole portion 2 and the convex portion 3, as in the first embodiment, a pressing jig is not required. In addition, it is possible to maintain the applied pressure without requiring a separate process such as caulking. Further, it is possible to concentrate the brazing material effectively on the engaging portion formed by the fitting portion of the hole portion 2 and the convex portion 3, and a highly reliable joining state is obtained. As a result, as in the first embodiment, it is possible to maintain the applied pressure only by stacking and assembling, and it is possible to obtain an effect that it is possible to obtain a plate laminate having a joint portion with high sealing performance.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main part after the brazing process of the multilayer distributor according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. The third embodiment can be preferably implemented even when the size of the distributor increases. In the case of a plate member having a large area, as in Embodiments 1 and 2, only by the locking force of the outer peripheral part by the engagement of the hole part and the convex part provided in the standing side part adjacent in the stacking direction, When brazing by heating, a sufficient pressing force cannot be obtained at the central portion of the plate member, and there is a possibility that a gap is generated between the plate members and good bonding cannot be obtained. For this reason, in the laminated distributor of the third embodiment, in addition to the locking portion formed by the hole 2 and the convex portion 3 provided in the standing side portion 11 shown in the first and second embodiments, as shown in FIG. In addition, the laminating direction fluid flow pipes 14 disposed on the main surface portion 12 of the plate member 1 are used to increase the locking force at the time of stacking.

  In FIG. 6, the main surface portion 12 of one plate member 1A of the plate members 1 adjacent to each other in the stacking direction is provided with a through hole 13 penetrating in the stacking direction, and the main surface portion 12 of the other plate member 1B is provided with a through hole. A fluid flow pipe 14 provided so as to penetrate through the stacking direction 13 is integrally provided, and an engagement recess 21 that engages with the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 13 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the fluid flow pipe 14. It has been. In this example, the inner peripheral surface of the through-hole 13 constitutes an engaging convex portion 31 that engages with the engaging concave portion 21 during lamination pressurization. The engaging recess 21 may be formed on the inner peripheral surface of the through-hole 13 and the engaging convex portion 31 may be configured on the outer peripheral surface of the fluid flow pipe 14. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.

  In the third embodiment configured as described above, when the plate member 1 is stacked, as shown in FIG. 3, the plate member 1 is provided on the standing side portions 11 </ b> A and 11 </ b> B adjacent to each other in the stacking direction. At the same time as the hole 2 and the projection 3 are engaged, the engagement projection 31 formed on the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 13 and the engagement recess 21 of the fluid flow pipe 14 in the main surface portion 12 of the central portion of the plate member 1. And engage. For this reason, even if the area of the distributor having a large size, that is, the plate member 1 is larger than that of the first embodiment, the locking force by the engaging portion of the rising side portion 11 and the distance from the rising side portion 11 can be reduced. Since it becomes possible to maintain the pressurizing force that increases as a whole due to the locking force by the fitting structure using the fluid flow pipe 14 in the main surface portion 12 of a certain central portion, the plate member 1 can be kept in close contact with each other. Thus, a good joined state can be obtained, good sealing properties can be obtained, leakage to the outside of the flow path can be prevented, and higher distribution performance and heat exchange performance can be obtained.

Embodiment 4 FIG.
FIG. 7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main part after the brazing process of the laminated distributor according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the raised side portion 11A of the uppermost plate member 1A is provided with a convex portion 3 projecting outward (left side in the drawing), and the raised side portion 11B of the second-stage plate member 1B on the lower side is provided. Is provided with a hole 2 for locking the convex portion on the upper side, and further provided on the standing side portion 11C of the third-stage plate member 1C projecting outward (left side in the drawing) on the lower side. Protrusions 3 that are locked to the holes 2 are provided. In the fourth embodiment, the positional relationship between the convex portion 3 and the hole portion 2 in the first embodiment is reversed. Similar to the first embodiment, the plate member 1 is laminated to form the convex portion. An engaging portion in which 3 and the hole 2 are fitted is formed, and the applied pressure generated in the stacking direction can be maintained.

  According to the fourth embodiment configured as described above, a pressing jig or the like, which has been conventionally required when heating after stacking, is unnecessary, and the labor for attaching the jig is omitted, and the productivity is reduced. improves. In addition, a method of holding the applied pressure by caulking each plate member without using a pressurizing jig is also conventionally used. However, in the fourth embodiment, individual processes after lamination are performed as in the caulking process. This is unnecessary, and it is possible to maintain the applied pressure only by stacking and assembling, improving productivity and reducing cost. Further, when the brazing material melts and flows, the brazing material can be effectively concentrated on the engaging portion of the hole portion 2 and the convex portion 3 by surface tension, so that the brazing pool 6 can be formed. Can be obtained, and a plate laminate having a highly reliable sealing property can be obtained.

Embodiment 5 FIG.
FIG. 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part after the brazing process of the multilayer distributor according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, a protruding portion 3 protruding outward (left side in the figure) is provided on the rising side portion 11A of the uppermost plate member 1A, and the rising side portion 11B of the lower second plate member is provided on the rising side portion 11B. The upper portion is provided with a hole 2 formed to protrude in the outer (left side in the figure) direction for locking the convex portion 3, and on the lower side, the standing side portion 11C of the third-stage plate member. A hole 2 made of a through hole for locking the convex portion 3 provided on the upper side is provided. In the fifth embodiment, the hole portion 2 of the uppermost plate member 1A in the second embodiment is changed to the convex portion 3, and accordingly, the rising side portion 11B of the second-stage plate member on the lower side is changed. The upper convex portion 3 is changed to the hole portion 2 and, as in the second embodiment, by laminating the plate members, they are fitted to each other, and the pressure generated in the thickness direction of the laminated plate is maintained. It is possible to obtain the same effects as those of the second embodiment.

  It should be noted that within the scope of the present invention, a part or all of each embodiment can be freely combined, or each embodiment can be appropriately modified or omitted. For example, each of the convex portions 3 is shown as an example of a curved curved protrusion that is smoothly curved, but is not limited thereto, and may be, for example, a stepped bent portion or a nail shape. Furthermore, it cannot be overemphasized that it can change suitably, such as the shape and structure of the standing side part 11 and the main surface part 12, and the combination and arrangement | positioning of the hole 2 and the convex part 3. FIG.

  1 (1A, 1B, 1C,..., 1F) Plate member, 1a core material, 1b sacrificial anode layer, 1c brazing material layer, 10 stacked distributor (plate stack), 11 (11A, 11B, 11C, 11D) Standing side portion, 12 main surface portion, 13 through hole, 14 fluid flow pipe, 2 hole portion, 21 engagement recess portion, 3 protrusion portion, 31 engagement protrusion portion, 4 flow path plate, 5 channel, 51 connection, 6 wax pool.

Claims (5)

A plurality of plate members each having an upright side portion formed on a peripheral edge portion are laminated with the directions of the upright side portions aligned, and the adjacent upright side portions are brazed along the circumferential direction so that the adjacent plate members In a plate laminate in which a fluid flow path is formed between, a hole portion formed of a through hole provided in one adjacent rising side portion and a hole portion provided in the other rising side portion are engaged with the hole portion. And a plurality of locking portions that can maintain a pressure state in the stacking direction, and the locking portions form a brazing pool by brazing inside the through hole. A plate laminate characterized by that. A through hole provided in a main surface portion of one plate member of the plate members adjacent in the stacking direction, and a fluid flow pipe provided so as to penetrate the through hole in the stacking direction from the main surface portion of the other plate member An engagement convex portion is provided on one of the through hole and the fluid flow pipe, and an engagement concave portion that is engaged with the engagement convex portion in a stacked state is provided on the other. The plate laminate according to claim 1 . The uppermost plate member in the laminated state is formed by using a top surface clad with a sacrificial anode layer having a lower corrosion resistance than the core material constituting the plate member and a lower surface clad with a brazing material. The plate member on the lower side of the plate member is characterized in that a brazing material is clad on the upper surface and a sacrificial anode layer having a lower corrosion resistance than the core material constituting the plate member is clad on the lower surface. The plate laminated body according to claim 1 or 2 . The plate member on one end side in the stacking direction is provided with a fluid inlet, and the plate member on the other end side in the stacking direction is divided into a plurality of flow paths through the fluid flowing from the inlet. The plate laminated body according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the distributor is provided with an outlet having a larger number of outlets than the inlet. 4. The heat exchanger is configured by alternately connecting the flow paths adjacent in the stacking direction as first and second flow paths independent of each other. 5 . The plate laminated body in any one.

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