JP2001327943A - Treatment device for decomposing nonmetal member constituting transformer, capacitor or the like contaminated by pcb or pressure-sensitive paper containing pcb and method using this device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device which is capable of efficiently and effectively decomposing a nonmetal member constituting a transformer, a capacitor or the like contaminated by PCB without generating an injurious substance. SOLUTION: This treatment device for decomposing the nonmetal member constituting the transformer, the capacitor or the like contaminated by PCB, comprises a rough crushing means 1 which roughly crushes the nonmetal member made of paper, wood or plastics as a constituent material for the PCB- contaminated transformer, capacitor or the like, a crushed slurry means 2 which transforms the nonmetal member crushed roughly by the rough crushing means 1 into slurry and a supercritical hydroxidation/decomposition means 3 which treats a slurry fluid obtained by the crushed slurry means 2 by supercritical hydroxidation/decomposition.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for disassembling pressure-sensitive paper containing non-metal members or PCBs constituting transformers, capacitors and the like contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyl (hereinafter abbreviated as "PCB"). It is about.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art PCBs are excellent in heat resistance, chemical stability and insulating properties. Therefore, they were previously used as insulating oil for electric equipment such as capacitors and transformers, or as a coloring agent for pressure-sensitive paper (non-carbon paper). It was widely used as a solvent.
However, PCB is highly toxic, and is one of the most common in Japan.
In 972, production, import and use were banned in principle.

[0003] PC extracted from electrical equipment such as a transformer
As a method for treating PCB contaminants such as paper and wood contaminated with B and PCBs, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EP)
The method of incineration in an incinerator approved by A) is adopted. However, harmful substances such as dioxin may be generated during incineration.
There is no incineration of B contaminants.

[0004] Therefore, in Japan at present, pressure-sensitive paper containing PCBs and electrical equipment such as transformers and capacitors, and PCBs containing PCBs are only strictly stored as specially-managed industrial wastes. At present, detoxification is hardly performed. However, the storage is not always strictly performed, and there is a concern that the stored PCB may cause environmental pollution.
There is a need for safe and efficient PCB detoxification processing for electrical equipment such as transformers and capacitors filled with B.

There is known a method of extracting a PCB as insulating oil from a transformer, a capacitor or the like containing the PCB, washing the transformer and the capacitor, decontaminating the PCB, and collecting metal parts. However, transformers and capacitors have non-metallic members such as wood, paper, and plastic as components inside, and these devices efficiently and effectively disassemble these non-metallic members without generating harmful substances. And how it was not known.

[0006] Further, there has been no known apparatus or method for efficiently and effectively decomposing pressure-sensitive paper containing PCB.

[0007]

In view of the above situation,
The problem to be solved by the present invention is that a non-metallic member or P
An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and a method for efficiently and effectively decomposing pressure-sensitive paper containing CB without generating harmful substances.

[0008]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a non-metallic member made of paper, wood, plastic, etc., which constitutes a transformer, a capacitor, etc., contaminated with PCB is provided. Coarse pulverizing means for pulverizing, pulverizing slurry means for turning a non-metal member coarsely pulverized by the coarse pulverizing means into a slurry, and supercritical hydrolytic decomposition for supercritically hydrolyzing a slurry liquid obtained by the pulverizing slurry means The present invention relates to an apparatus for disassembling non-metal members constituting transformers, capacitors, etc., contaminated with PCB, characterized by having means.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a slurry means for forming a pressure-sensitive paper slurry containing PCB, and a supercritical solution for subjecting a slurry obtained by the slurry means to a supercritical hydroxylation decomposition treatment. The present invention relates to an apparatus for decomposing pressure-sensitive paper containing PCB, which has a hydroxylation decomposing means.

The present invention as set forth in claim 3 for solving the above-mentioned problem is to provide a method for finely pulverizing non-metallic members made of paper, wood, and plastic which constitute a transformer, a capacitor, and the like, which are contaminated with PCB, and performing fine processing. The present invention relates to a method for decomposing non-metal members constituting transformers, capacitors and the like contaminated with PCB, which comprises subjecting a slurry liquid to supercritical hydroxylation decomposition treatment after slurrying.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a pressure-sensitive paper containing PCB, wherein the pressure-sensitive paper containing PCB is slurried, and the slurry liquid is subjected to a supercritical oxidation decomposition treatment. It relates to a decomposition processing method.

[0012]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Non-metal members constituting transformers, capacitors and the like contaminated with PCB to be treated according to the present invention are, for example, woods inside transformers and capacitors containing PCBs and constituting these components. , Paper, plastic, etc. These non-metallic members are generated in the process of removing and cleaning the PCB from a transformer, a capacitor, and the like. The pressure-sensitive paper containing PCB is paper coated with microcapsules as non-carbon paper, and is PCB in which microcapsules are contained as a solvent for dissolving the color former.

Embodiment 1 An embodiment of the decomposition processing apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 1, 1 coarse crushing means means paper except metal parts and magnetic parts contaminated with PCB,
This is a method of roughly pulverizing non-metal members made of wood and plastic as a pretreatment for making a slurry. The coarse pulverizing means is not particularly limited as long as it can pulverize the non-metal member contaminated with PCB to about several millimeters, and examples thereof include a cutter mill.

The slurrying means 2 is a means for slurrying the non-metal member coarsely pulverized by the coarse pulverizing means. For example, the non-metallic member is non-metallized by a fine pulverizing device such as a mill pulverizer or a rotary blade homogenizer. This is a means for finely pulverizing a metal member to 1 mm or less and dispersing the finely pulverized particles in a liquid medium such as water using a stirrer or the like to form a slurry liquid. If the non-metallic member is plastic or wood, a mill-type crusher is preferable, and if it is paper, a rotary blade homogenizer is preferable. The pulverizing device may be a dry type or a wet type. By forming the slurry at an appropriate concentration, it is possible to easily transfer the slurry to a supercritical hydroxylation / decomposition apparatus described below, and the pipe is not blocked.

The concentration of the slurry liquid may be selected in the range of 0.05 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 5% by weight. If the slurry concentration is less than 0.05% by weight, the efficiency becomes poor and the processing apparatus becomes large, which is not preferable. 1
If it exceeds 0% by weight, the concentration is too high and the viscosity becomes too high to make it possible to feed the solution smoothly, and the slurry may be blocked in the apparatus, which is not preferable.

As the supercritical hydroxylation decomposition means 3, a known means may be employed. Examples of the supercritical hydroxylation / decomposition means 3 include a supercritical hydroxylation / decomposition apparatus equipped with a reactor for oxidatively decomposing non-metallic members finely pulverized in the presence of supercritical water and an oxidizing agent. . The supercritical hydroxylation decomposition reaction performed in the reactor is not particularly limited as long as the temperature and pressure conditions bring water to a supercritical state. For example, the temperature is 374 ° C or higher, preferably 550 to 650 ° C,
And a pressure of 22 MPa or more, preferably 22 to 25 MPa
Condition. Examples of the oxidizing agent include air, pure oxygen, hydrogen peroxide, and liquid oxygen. These oxidizing agents may be used in a stoichiometrically required amount or more. The reactor for performing the supercritical hydroxylation decomposition may be any of a pipe (tubular) type and a vessel type. When supercritically hydrolyzing a non-metal member slurry containing PCB, an auxiliary fuel such as isopropyl alcohol may be used as necessary. The slurry liquid, and if necessary, water and an oxidizing agent may be pressurized to a predetermined pressure by a compressor or the like, sent to a reactor, and subjected to a supercritical hydroxylation decomposition reaction.

Since water becomes a good solvent in the supercritical state, the supercritical water, the object to be treated, and the oxidizing agent form a homogeneous phase in the reactor, and the supercritical hydroxylation reaction proceeds. In time, the non-metallic components are oxidatively decomposed to H2O and CO2. The processing fluid after the supercritical hydroxylation decomposition treatment may be cooled, released to atmospheric pressure, and separated into treated water and exhaust gas by a gas-liquid separator.

The PCB contained in the slurry liquid is completely decomposed by the supercritical hydroxylation decomposition reaction, and chlorine ions are generated at the same time as water and carbon dioxide. Preferably, the chloride ions in the fluid are chlorides such as sodium chloride.

The processing fluid after the supercritical hydroxylation decomposition can be cooled and released to atmospheric pressure, gas-liquid separated, and drained as processing water.

Embodiment 2 An embodiment of the decomposition processing apparatus according to claim 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 2, the shredding means 4 is not particularly limited as long as it can shred pressure-sensitive paper including PCB into a strip having a width of several millimeters or a piece of paper having a width of several millimeters.
Examples thereof include a shredder and a cutter mill.

In FIG. 2, the slurrying means 2 may be the same as the slurrying means of the first embodiment, but a rotary blade homogenizer is preferred for finely pulverizing fibrous materials such as pressure-sensitive paper. When a wet-type pulverizer is used, the shredded pressure-sensitive paper may be added to water, stirred and dispersed in water, and then finely pulverized using a wet-type pulverizer to prepare a slurry liquid. In addition, since the paper can be slurried as it is by adding a chemical that dissolves the paper and stirring, the shredding unit 4 can be omitted. In addition,
The slurry concentration is the same as in the first embodiment.

In FIG. 2, the supercritical hydroxylation decomposition means 3 is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the description thereof will be omitted.

[0023]

Example 1 Example 1 A waste pressure-sensitive paper containing 1.4% by weight of PCB was narrowed into a strip having a width of about 2 mm by a shredder (trade name “MS Shredder 231” manufactured by Meiko Shokai Co., Ltd.). Refused. Next, after dispersing in pure water using a mixer, the dispersion was homogenized (manufactured by Microtech Nithion Co., Ltd.).
Fine homogenization with product name "Hiscotron NS-50")
A slurry liquid having a slurry concentration of 0.2% by weight (slurry particle diameter: 1 mm or less) was prepared. The PCB concentration in the slurry was 28 mg / L.

Using a tubular reactor as shown in FIG. 3, the slurry liquid was subjected to a supercritical hydroxylation decomposition treatment according to the following procedure.

The tubular reactor 33 is divided into three zones: a preheating section, a reaction section and a cooling section. First, the slurry liquid is pressurized to a predetermined pressure by a double plunger pump 31 and sent to a reactor 33. The hydrogen peroxide is pressurized to a predetermined pressure by a double syringe pump 32 and sent to a reactor 33. The slurry liquid and the hydrogen peroxide pressurized to a predetermined pressure are heated to a predetermined temperature by a heater 34. Under a predetermined pressure and a predetermined temperature condition, the pure water in the slurry becomes supercritical water, and the supercritical hydroxylation decomposition reaction proceeds in the reaction section of the reactor 33. The processing fluid after the supercritical hydroxylation decomposition reaction is cooled by the cooler 35. After the solids are removed by the sintered metal filter 36, the cooled processing fluid is opened to the atmospheric pressure by the pressure holding valve 37, and is separated into the processing water and the exhaust gas by the gas-liquid separator 38.

The outline of the reactor in which the supercritical hydroxylation decomposition was performed and the reaction conditions are as follows.

(Reactor) Model: Ring reactor Material: Ni alloy Inner volume: 0.54 L (inner diameter 6.8 mm, length 15 m) (pump) For hydrogen peroxide: double plunger type For slurry liquid: double syringe Formula (reaction conditions) Oxidizing agent: hydrogen peroxide Reaction temperature: 650 ° C. Reaction pressure: 25 MPa Reaction time: 1 minute

When the supercritical hydroxylation decomposition treatment was performed under the above conditions, the PCB concentration in the treated water was 0.5 ppb or less (lower limit of analysis).

According to the first embodiment, non-metal members made of paper, wood, and plastic, which constitute a transformer, a capacitor, and the like, which are contaminated with PCB, are slurried, and this slurry is also subjected to a supercritical hydroxylation decomposition treatment. However, similarly, the PCB concentration in the treated water was 0.5 ppb or less (the analysis lower limit value or less).

[0030]

According to the present invention, non-metal components such as transformers and capacitors contaminated with PCB, pressure-sensitive paper containing PCB, and efficient and harmful by-products are not generated.
Since it can be decomposed, there is no concern about polluting the environment.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a supercritical hydroxylation decomposition treatment apparatus used in Example 1.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Coarse crushing means 2 Slurry means 3 Supercritical hydroxylation decomposition means 4 Shredding means 31 Pump 32 Pump 33 Tubular reactor 34 Heater 35 Heater 36 Sintered metal filter 37 Holding pressure valve 38 Gas-liquid separator

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Akira Suzuki 1-2-8 Shinsuna, Koto-ku, Tokyo Organo Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Tokuyuki Ansei 1-2-8 Shinsuna, Koto-ku, Tokyo Organo (72) Inventor Shinji Ito 1-2-8 Shinsuna, Koto-ku, Tokyo Organo Corporation F-term (reference) 2E191 BA13 BB00 BD11 4D004 AA07 AA12 AA22 AB06 AC05 CA04 CA12 CA13 CA15 CA22 CA32 CA34 CA39 CB01 CB05 CB12 CB13 CC01 CC02 CC03 CC11 CC12 DA03 DA06 DA07

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A coarse crushing means for coarsely crushing non-metallic members made of paper, wood, and plastic constituting a transformer, a condenser, etc. contaminated with PCB, and a slurry for non-metallic members coarsely crushed by said coarse crushing means. A transformer contaminated with PCB, comprising: a pulverized slurry means for converting a slurry liquid obtained by the pulverized slurry means and a supercritical hydroxylation decomposition means for performing supercritical hydroxylation decomposition treatment;
Disassembly equipment for non-metallic members that constitute capacitors and the like. 2. A PCB comprising: a slurry means for slurrying pressure-sensitive paper containing PCB; and a supercritical oxidative decomposition means for supercritical oxidative decomposition of a slurry obtained by the slurry means. Pressure-sensitive paper disassembly unit. 3. Non-metallic members made of paper, wood, plastic, etc., constituting transformers, capacitors, etc., which are contaminated with PCB, are roughly pulverized, refined and slurried, and then the slurry liquid is subjected to supercritical hydroxylation decomposition. A method of disassembling a non-metal member constituting a transformer, a capacitor, or the like, which is contaminated with PCB, wherein the method is performed. 4. A method for decomposing pressure-sensitive paper containing PCB, wherein the pressure-sensitive paper containing PCB is slurried, and the slurry liquid is subjected to a supercritical hydroxylation decomposition treatment.