JP2001316495A - Biodegradable film and garbage disposl system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To propose a system for safely disposing daily occurring garbage and, in addition, with reduced bad smelling at a low cost without increasing an environmental polluting load by incineration, landfill or the like. SOLUTION: The system comprises making a composition obtained by compounding enzyme-denatured starch with an aliphatic polyester based biodegradable resin into a film-forming material, processing this film-forming material into a refuse bag having excellent biodegradability, putting garbage in the bag, and introducing the resulting bag together with specific aerobic heat- resistant soil microorganisms having specified biodegradability into a refuse disposer to biologically effect decomposition treatment under an appropriate temperature condition. Addition of a rock powder of volcanic rocks or deep metamorphic rocks in disposing garbage further accelerates the rate of biodegradation.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a biodegradable film and a garbage disposal system using the same. In particular, a small unit of garbage generated daily in an apartment complex or home is collected in one place, and the garbage is treated according to the present invention within 24 hours, so that the environmental load is small, and the safety, sanitation, low odor, and low odor are reduced. It relates to a garbage disposal system which is a cost.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Heretofore, garbage has been incinerated or landfilled. In recent years, a method of biologically and chemically treating garbage using bacteria or a catalyst has been proposed as an environmentally friendly treatment method. Also, due to the environmental problem of waste plastics, biodegradable resin films and garbage bags utilizing bacterial decomposition have been developed.
In connection with this, research on bacteria has also become active.

[0003]

However, disposal of garbage by incineration or landfill has problems of dioxin generation, soil contamination, odor, and hygiene, and disposal of garbage, which is increasing year by year, has become a social problem. I have. As one method for solving this problem, garbage disposal by a garbage disposer is considered to be promising, but has not yet been widely used due to its high cost. Although relatively inexpensive household garbage disposers have been developed, they are technically incomplete due to problems such as odor, wastewater treatment, and installation space.

A garbage disposer is cheaper and less environmentally burdensome if it is purchased jointly. In this case, plastic bags, newspapers, etc. are needed to carry daily garbage to the place where the garbage disposer is installed. In the case of plastic bags, there is a problem of disposal of the bags after putting in the garbage, and in newspapers, there are problems such as leaching of garbage juice and smell.

In order to solve this problem, various biodegradable films have been developed. However, biodegradable films are still expensive, and the biodegradation rate is low, and practical films are not available on the market. Bacteria have also been actively developed for processing garbage, but few can decompose a wide variety of garbage in a short time.

According to the present invention, garbage generated daily is processed safely within 24 hours with low odor and low cost.
An object of the present invention is to provide a system that can effectively use a garbage disposal machine that is jointly purchased or shared.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems As a result of intensive studies of the means for solving the above-mentioned problems, the present applicant has made a composition obtained by combining an enzyme-modified starch with an aliphatic polyester-based biodegradable resin into a film-forming material, Using a biodegradable garbage bag obtained by processing this, put the garbage in this, and along with the specific biodegradable aerobic and heat-resistant soil bacteria, the garbage bag together with the garbage It is a system that treats garbage safely, at low cost and with low odor within 24 hours by putting it into a processor and biologically decomposing it under appropriate temperature conditions.

[0008] That is, the present invention relates to an aliphatic polyester-based biodegradable resin of 30 to 70 parts by weight and an enzyme-modified starch
Put garbage in a 10-40 μm thick film obtained by molding a composite resin consisting of 30 parts and a glycol-based compatibilizer 1-10 parts, furthermore, soil bacteria containing aerobic Bacillus bacteria, wood flour, It is supported on a substrate such as bran, charcoal powder, clay, etc., added at a rate of 10 million or more to 1 kg of garbage, put into a garbage treatment tank, and the temperature in the tank is 30 to 70.
A low-odor garbage disposal system characterized by stirring at 24 ° C. for 24 hours and biodegrading. At this time, rock powder of volcanic rock or deep metamorphic rock was added to 1 kg of garbage for 1 kg.
Addition of １００100 g further promotes garbage disposal.

Examples of the aliphatic polyester-based biodegradable resin include polylactic acid, polycaprolactone, succinic acid / butanediol copolymer, succinic acid / butanediol / adipic acid copolymer, polyhydroxybutyric acid / polyhydroxyvaleric acid copolymer. Polymers and the like can be mentioned.

[0010] As the enzyme-modified starch, starch obtained by reducing the molecular weight of the obtained modified starch to 50,000 to 500,000 with an enzyme such as amylose or dextrose and having excellent moldability is used. In order to reduce the cost, 30% by weight of normal starch is added to the enzyme-modified starch.
The following can be used by blending.

The composite ratio of the aliphatic polyester-based biodegradable resin and the enzyme-modified starch is 30:70 to 70:
When the ratio is out of this range and the ratio of the aliphatic polyester-based resin is increased, the biodegradability becomes slow, and the biodegradation is stopped within 24 hours in the garbage disposal tank. In addition, when the amount of the enzyme-modified starch exceeds the above ratio, a good film cannot be obtained.

The glycol-based compatibilizer is required to uniformly compatibilize the aliphatic polyester-based resin and the enzyme-modified starch.
Mix by weight. Examples of the compatibilizer include glycerin, diglycerin, polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of 200 or less, and glycerin is preferable. Ethylene glycol can also be used as a compatibilizer, but is not preferred in view of its effect on the environment.

If the amount of the compatibilizer is too small, it becomes difficult to compatibilize the aliphatic polyester resin with the enzyme-modified starch,
If too much, a good film cannot be obtained. In addition,
If necessary, additives usually used for resin molding, such as a lubricant and an antioxidant, can be used in combination.

[0014] Enzymatically modified starch usually has a molecular weight of 50,000 to 5 with enzymes such as amylose and dextrose.
Starch excellent in molding processability reduced to 100,000 is used. In addition, in order to reduce costs, it is possible to blend ordinary starch with 30% by weight or less for enzyme-modified starch.

The thickness of the film is suitably from 10 to 40 μm. If it is thinner, a good film cannot be obtained. If it is too thick, the biodegradability will be slow, and it will not biodegrade within 24 hours in a garbage disposal tank. .

The Bacillus genus used in the present invention is aerobic,
Soil bacteria having heat resistance at 30 to 70 ° C, such as Gram-positive bacilli, Gram-positive cocci, aerobic spores, and lactobacilli. It is necessary to add 10 million or more Bacillus bacteria containing these bacteria to 1 kg of garbage, and if the number is less than this, garbage cannot be processed within 24 hours. In addition, it is preferable that yeast and actinomycetes coexist because the biodegradation rate is further increased. Usually, these cells use wood flour, bran, charcoal flour, clay or the like as a carrier.

The garbage disposal tank may be a commercial one as long as it has a stirring device and a heating device. However, in order to increase the biodegradation rate, a garbage crushing device or a hot air, steam, decomposition gas or the like is used. Those provided with an exhaust device are preferred.
It is necessary to control the temperature in the tank at 30-70 ° C,
At a temperature of 30 ° C. or lower, the biodegradation rate is slow. At a temperature of 70 ° C. or higher, the Bacillus to be used also begins to die, making it difficult to perform garbage treatment. In addition, before the end of the operation of the present apparatus, 60 to 70 ° C.
If the mixture is stirred for 30 minutes, food poisoning bacteria and pathogenic bacteria can be killed and sanitary.

In the temperature range of the bacteria and biodegradation of the present invention, almost no malodor is generated from the system, but about 1% of zeolite powder, rock powder, charcoal powder, wood powder, etc. is added to the garbage, and the exhaust port. If a deodorizing device is provided, the odor can be further reduced.

In the treatment of garbage, if the water content of the garbage is adjusted, the efficiency of stirring and dewatering in the tank is increased, so that the rate of biodegradation is also improved. Therefore, it is preferable to add a base material such as wood flour or bran in advance to the garbage in an amount of about 5 to 15%. It was also recognized that the residue in the tank was effective as a special organic fertilizer, blurred compost, and soil improvement material.

In order to further promote garbage disposal, rock powder of volcanic rock or deep metamorphic rock is added to 1 kg of garbage.
It is advisable to add 1 to 100 g. If the amount is less than 1 g, there is no accelerating effect, and if it is more than 100 g, the base material is greatly consumed, which undesirably leads to an increase in cost due to replenishment of the base material.

Volcanic rocks as rock powder include rhyolite,
Andesite, obsidian, trachyte, basalt, volcanic ash, etc., and deep metamorphic rocks include granite, diorite, and barite.

[0022]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to embodiments. Example 1 50 parts by weight of LACTY 9400 (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation), amylose-modified starch having a molecular weight adjusted to 100,000, 50 parts by weight, and 5 parts by weight of glycerin were sufficiently kneaded with a mixing roll to form a sheet. Was crushed to produce a composite pellet. The pellets were formed into a film having a thickness of 20 μm by an inflation method, punched out, and partially heat-sealed to form a garbage bag. 10 kg of garbage such as vegetable waste, fish meat, garbage
Was put. Five of these bags were prepared and placed in a garbage disposer (PF-60E) manufactured by Japan Profuse Co., Ltd. In order to adjust the water content of the garbage, 10 kg of the bran base material and 100 million Bacillus bacteria of the present invention were further added, and the mixture was stirred at 60 ° C. for 20 hours to treat the garbage. After 20 hours, the operation was stopped, and the inside of the tank was examined. As a result, the input garbage was almost disappeared, and the original form of the garbage was not recognized. Some of the biodegradable film remained as small pieces, but most had disappeared. Therefore, most of the residue was the bran base material initially charged, and only the bran remained intact. As for the garbage, only small dry pieces such as green onions and eggplant were found.
During the operation of the garbage disposer, the odor from the exhaust port was slight. Subsequently, 30 kg of the garbage alone was put into the processing apparatus and treated for 20 hours. As a result, the residue derived from the garbage and the biodegradable garbage bag was further reduced, and almost no residue was found.

[0023]

Comparative Example The same experiment as in Example 1 was performed except that a garbage bag was made with LACTY9400. The garbage in the garbage disposal apparatus after 20 hours had almost disappeared in the same manner as in Example 1, but the garbage bags were torn but remained.

[0024]

By using the system of the present invention, garbage generated daily in an apartment complex or at home can be almost completely eliminated within 24 hours with a constant odor together with the garbage bag. Safe, sanitary and low-cost garbage disposal can be carried out without imposing environmental burdens caused by incineration and landfill disposal.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) C08L 3/04 ZBP B09B 3/00 ZABD 67/00 ZBP ZBP F-term (Reference) 4D004 AA03 AC04 BA04 CA13 CA15 CA19 CA22 CB04 CB13 CB21 CB31 CC07 CC08 CC11 CC15 DA02 DA03 DA06 DA09 DA10 DA20 4F071 AA08 AA44 AB30 AC05 AH01 AH04 BA01 BB09 BC01 BC12 4J002 AB04X AH00Y CF03W CF18W CF19W DA017 DJ007 EC046 EC056 FA087 GA00 GC00

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An aliphatic polyester-based biodegradable resin
A biodegradable film obtained by molding a composite resin comprising 70 parts by weight, 70 to 30 parts by weight of an enzyme-modified starch and 1 to 10 parts by weight of a glycol-based compatibilizer to a thickness of 10 to 40 μm. 2. Garbage is put in a garbage bag made of the biodegradable film according to claim 1, and soil bacteria containing aerobic bacillus are further added to 1,000 kg of garbage per 1,000 kg of garbage.
A garbage disposal system characterized by adding more than ten thousand pieces into a garbage disposal tank for biodegradation. 3. The garbage disposal system according to claim 1, wherein 1 to 100 g of rock powder of volcanic rock or deep metamorphic rock is added to 1 kg of garbage.