JP2001299091A - Method for measuring number of stalk by interruption of infrared ray - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To automatically measure the number of stalks in a crop community on a broadcasting (direct sowing) field of paddy rice (crop) with infrared rays. SOLUTION: The measurement of the number of stalks is carried out by (1) using a plurality of infrared sensors each composed of a light projector and a light receiver, arranging the projectors on a horizontal line and the receivers on a straight line opposite to the projectors and estimating the number of the stalks of the measuring object range from the density of the crops shielding the receiver from the projector, (2) attaching a shielding plate to the infrared receiver to change the reaction on the crops standing between the infrared sensors by adjusting the sensitivity of the sensor and estimating the growth density of the crop from the difference of reaction on the standing crops of the same crop community by varied sensitivity and (3) varying the projecting direction of the infrared rays, integrating the light interruption information for various directions to improve the estimation accuracy of the number of stalks, utilizing the difference of reaction on the standing crop for each sensitivity level for improving the estimation accuracy of the stalk number and using the light interruption information for various projection directions and receiving sensitivities as the integrated algorism.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for measuring the number of stems by infrared shading, which automatically counts the number of stems in a crop community in a field of sowing (direct sowing) of paddy rice (crop) using infrared rays.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in order to measure the number of stems in a crop community in a paddy field of paddy rice, a target survey area is surrounded by a square frame (for example, 50 cm × 50 cm) and grown in the frame. The number of rice stalks is counted manually. Normal,
The number of stems is represented by the number per unit area. In the vigorous range of growth, it may exceed 1000 lines / m ² at the maximum, and it is a very hard work because it is a midway work under the scorching sun.

[0003]

With the recent enlargement of rice cultivation fields, the target survey area and the number of survey points tend to increase. On the other hand, the survey for measuring the number of stems has to rely on human power and is very inefficient. In addition, research methods, test methods, and the like may be limited for that purpose.
The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, and by the development of a portable stem counting device,
It is an object of the present invention to eliminate the labor of the stem number survey, realize a more efficient survey method, and provide a stem number counting method by infrared shading.

[0004]

To achieve the above object, the present invention is characterized by the following means. A. A crop that uses a plurality of pairs of infrared sensors consisting of a light emitter and a light receiver, arranges the light emitter on a straight line in the horizontal direction, arranges the light receiver on a straight line on the opposite surface of the light emitter, and blocks the space between the light emitter and the light receiver. The number of stems in the range to be measured is estimated from the density of the stalk. B. By attaching a light-shielding plate to the infrared receiver and adjusting the sensitivity of the sensor, the response of the infrared sensor to the raised crop is changed, and the growth density of the crop is estimated from the difference in the response to the raised crop for each sensitivity to the same crop community I do. C. By changing the direction of infrared radiation and integrating shading information for each direction, the accuracy of the estimation of the number of crop stalks is improved. Using these infrared projection directions,
An integrated algorithm for shading information for each light receiving sensitivity was used.

[0005]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the attached drawings, integration algorithms, graphs, and the like.

In the present invention, the number of stems is measured by shading the infrared light. A plurality of pairs of infrared sensors each including a light emitter and a light receiver are used, and the light emitters are arranged on a straight line in the horizontal direction. While arranging, the number of stems within the range to be measured is estimated from the density of the crop (rice) that blocks between the light emitter and the light receiver. The light emitter is placed on one side of a square frame, and the light receiver is placed on the opposite side. Is carried out by the stem number measuring device 1 arranged in the above.

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a stem number measuring apparatus 1 according to the present invention has a light transmitter array 2 on one side of a square frame and a light receiver array 3 on the other side facing the light emitter array 2. It is arranged in the frame. 32 light projector rows 2 are arranged in a 725 mm × 725 mm frame along the length direction, and infrared light (wavelength 970 nm) is emitted from the light projector row 2. On the opposite side, the same number of photodetector rows 3 are arranged, each of which intercepts and transmits infrared light depending on whether or not a rice (crop) is present between them, and transmits an on / off signal. Output. The square frame is supported by four support legs 4 having a height of 20 cm. A sensor control horde 5 and a converter 6 are provided on the sides of the square frame. Is supplied with AC 24 V power via a converter 6.

When the number of stalks of a crop (rice) is measured using the stalk number measuring device 1, as shown in FIG. Receiver row 3
And is installed in the field by the supporting leg 4 so as to be sandwiched between the two. Then, when electricity is supplied to the light emitter array 2 and the light receiver array 3, the optical axis 1 of the infrared ray emitted from the light emitter array 2 toward the light receiver array 3
In the case of 0, the row of the place 8 where the rice is growing densely is cut off, and the photoelectric sensor 11 transmits the off signal, the place where the rice is not growing, and the place 9 where the rice is growing sparsely. The sensor 11 in that row outputs an on signal. However, if the row of the place 9 where rice is sparsely growing is determined to be “not growing”, the measurement of the number of stems becomes inaccurate. By adjusting the sensitivity, the sensor 11 outputs an ON signal even for rows where rice is sparsely growing.

The light shielding plates 14 to 17 are, as shown in FIG.
The cloth tape 13 is adhered to the transparent acrylic plate 12, and the type of the light shielding plate differs depending on the number of the cloth tapes 13 to be laminated and adhered. The greater the number of the cloth tapes 13 to be superimposed on each other, the higher the sensitivity of the sensor 11 when attached to the photodetector row 3, and the more sensitive the reaction to even more sparse growth. Conversely, a light-shielding plate having a smaller number of cloth tapes 13 to be stacked and adhered approaches a state where no light-shielding plate is used, and is less likely to respond to sparse growth. As shown in FIG.
The sensitivity when 4 to 17 are not used is set as sensitivity setting 0 (a). The sensitivity when the light shielding plates 14 to 17 are used depends on the sensitivity setting l in order according to the number of the cloth tapes 13 superposed.
(B), sensitivity setting 2 (c), sensitivity setting 3 (d), and sensitivity setting 4 (e).

[0010] Range of crop (rice) communities to be surveyed 7
Is a main principle of the stem number measuring device 1 in that each is sandwiched between 32 light emitter arrays 2 and light receiver arrays 3 and the number of sensors 11 that output an on signal is counted to estimate the number of stems. Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the number of directions sandwiching the survey crop community is increased in two ways, and while the sensitivity is adjusted by the light-shielding plates 14 to 17, the light-shielding degree for each condition is integrated, whereby the number of stems can be estimated. Accuracy improves. FIG. 7 shows an algorithm for integrating the light blocking information for each of the infrared light projecting direction and the light receiving sensitivity. Formula 1 is a formula for calculating a light blocking amount for each set sensitivity, and Formula 2 is a formula for calculating a weighted sum.

First, from one direction without using the light-shielding plate
Is detected, the light is blocked by standing rice, and the off signal is detected.
Is counted (a)_θ ).
Next, change the direction at a right angle, do the same thing, and turn off the signal.
Is counted (b)_θ ).
Finally, the product of the value obtained by adding 1 to each result is obtained. formula
As shown in l, this value is the degree of light blocking when the sensitivity setting is 0.
(C_θ ). Similarly, change the light receiving sensitivity of sensor 11
Then, the light shielding degree (c _n )
Ask. As shown in Equation 2, the light shielding degree for each set sensitivity is superimposed.
Weighted integrated value of the light blocking degree (c_sum )
Ask for.

As shown in FIG. 8, a positive correlation is recognized between the actual number of stems of rice and the weighted integrated value (c _sum ) according to the present invention surrounded by the frame of the stem number measuring device 1. Can be Thus, the number of stems in the canopy of rice growing in the disseminated field (direct sowing) is estimated using the stem number measuring device 1, and the stem number can be measured by shading.

[0013]

(Equation 1)

[0014]

(Equation 2)

[0015]

As described above, in the method for counting the number of stems by infrared shading according to the present invention, the number of stems in a canopy of rice growing in a dispersal field (direct sowing) is automatically determined by the above-described configuration and means. Measurement is possible. For this reason, it is released from heavy labor by the conventional measuring means, and the number of stems can be measured efficiently.

Further, as the number of stems is measured more efficiently, the range of surveys and the number of surveys, which cannot be considered by conventional measuring methods, can be increased, and new research methods and test methods can be found.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a stem counting device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the stem counting device according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a response of the stem number measuring device to the density of rice growth, and is a plan view of a state where the stem number measuring device is installed in a crop investigation range and viewed from directly above.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a light-shielding plate.
3, 2, and 1 are shown.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a change in a reaction due to differences (a) to (e) in sensitivity of a light shielding plate.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a change in a reaction due to detection of rice from two directions and replacement of a light-shielding plate.

FIG. 7 shows an algorithm for integrating shading information for each of the infrared light projecting direction and light receiving sensitivity.

FIG. 8 shows the results of measurement by a stem number measuring device (41 to 4 after sowing).
8 is a graph showing a comparison between the results of the survey on the 8th) and actual measured values.

[Explanation of symbols]

Reference Signs List 1 stem number measuring device 2 photoelectric sensor transmitter row 3 photoelectric sensor receiver row 4 support legs 5 sensor control board 6 converter 7 range of crop communities to be surveyed 8 places where crops grow densely 9 crops grow sparsely 10 The optical axis of the photoelectric sensor 11 The response of the photoelectric sensor, white indicates the output signal on of the sensor,
Black represents the output signal off of the sensor. 12 Acrylic plate 13 Cloth tape 14-17 Light shield

Claims (3)

[Claims] A plurality of pairs of infrared sensors each including a light emitter and a light receiver, wherein the light emitters are arranged on a straight line in a horizontal direction;
The number of stems by infrared shading is characterized in that the light receiver is arranged on a straight line on the opposite surface of the light emitter, and the number of stems within the range to be measured is estimated from the density of the crop that blocks between the light emitter and the light receiver. Measurement method. 2. A light-shielding plate is attached to the infrared ray receiver to adjust the sensitivity of the sensor, thereby changing the response of the infrared sensor to the upright crop. 2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising estimating the growth density of the stem. 3. The accuracy of estimating the number of crop stalks is improved by changing the direction of projection of infrared rays and integrating shading information for each direction. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the algorithm is used to improve the accuracy of estimation of the number of stems.