JP2001288987A - Tunnel boring machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a tunnel boring machine, by which a tunnel having various sectional shapes such as not only a circular shape but also a horseshoe shape, an elliptical shape, a rectangular shape or the like can be excavated freely so that wasteful excavation related to a region not supplied to the application of a tunnel after completion is not generated. SOLUTION: In the tunnel boring machine containing an excavation means 1 comprising cutter spokes 12 rotatably installed around a tunnel axis and crushing a ground related to a face, a revolving-torque imparting means imparting revolving torque required for crushing to the cutter spokes 12, a thrust imparting means imparting thrust required for crushing to the cutter spokes 12, a reaction obtaining means obtaining reaction required for pipe jacking from a pit wall and a discharging means discharging crushed articles to a rear by the cutter spokes 12, the cutter spokes 12 are expanded and contracted freely in response to the sectional shape of the tunnel.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tunnel boring machine for continuously excavating the entire cross section of a tunnel by mechanical means.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional tunnel boring machine of this type includes a cutter disk provided rotatably around a tunnel axis, digging means for crushing the ground related to the face, and crushing the cutter disk. Rotational force applying means for applying a necessary rotational force, a thrust applying means for applying a thrust necessary for crushing to the cutter disk, and a reaction force obtaining means for obtaining a reaction force necessary for excavation from a pit wall, And a discharge means for discharging the crushed material crushed by the cutter disk backward.

[0003] According to such a tunnel boring machine, unlike the conventional blasting method, it takes time and labor, such as drilling a long hole by a rock drill or manually loading explosives, and is also dangerous. Work without
It is possible to continuously excavate the entire cross section of the tunnel by crushing only the mechanical excavation with the cutter disk, thereby realizing high-speed construction.

[0004]

However, in this type of tunnel boring machine, since the cutter disk has a face plate structure and can be constructed only in a circular cross-sectional shape, it cannot be used for a tunnel after completion. There is a problem that excavation of an unnecessary area occurs.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide not only a circular shape but also various cross-sectional shapes such as a horseshoe shape, an elliptical shape, and a rectangular shape so as to prevent unnecessary excavation in an area not used for a tunnel after completion. An object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel boring machine capable of freely excavating a tunnel.

[0006]

That is, a tunnel boring machine according to the present invention includes a cutter spoke rotatably provided around a tunnel axis, a digging means for crushing a ground on a face, and a cutter spoke. A rotational force applying means for applying a rotational force necessary for crushing, a thrust applying means for applying a thrust necessary for crushing to the cutter spokes, and a reaction force for obtaining a reaction force necessary for excavation from the pit wall. A tunnel boring machine including an acquisition unit and a discharge unit that discharges a crushed material crushed by the cutter spoke backward, wherein the cutter spoke can freely expand and contract according to a cross-sectional shape of the tunnel. It is characterized by.

According to the tunnel boring machine according to the present invention, not only a circular shape but also a horseshoe shape, an elliptical shape, a rectangular shape, etc.
Excavation of tunnels of various cross-sectional shapes can be performed freely. Therefore, there is no needless excavation in an area that is not used for a tunnel after completion.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a schematic configuration of a tunnel boring machine according to one embodiment of the present invention.

In the present embodiment, the tunnel boring machine includes an excavating means 1 shown in FIG. 1, a rotating force applying means (not shown), a thrust applying means (not shown), a reaction force obtaining means (not shown), and a discharging force (not shown). Means. Hereinafter, each component will be sequentially described in detail.

(1) Excavation means 1 (see FIGS. 1 to 3) The excavation means 1 plays a role of crushing the ground related to the face of a tunnel having a horseshoe-shaped cross section.

The excavating means 1 can cope with various cross-sectional shapes other than the horseshoe shape, such as a circle, an ellipse, and a rectangle. However, it is necessary that a guide rail 41 described later has a shape that matches these cross-sectional shapes.

The ground related to the face includes, in principle, all grounds ranging from a poor ground including many fault crush zones to a super hard rock layer having a very high compressive strength. However, it is necessary that the ground does not hinder the acquisition of the excavation reaction force by the reaction force acquisition means.

The excavating means 1 is specifically configured to include a cutter spoke 12 rotatably provided around a tunnel axis.

That is, the excavating means 1 includes a main bearing (not shown) composed of an inner ring and an outer ring, a center member 11 rotatably supported around the tunnel axis by the inner ring,
The cutter spokes 12 which are radially fixed to the center member 11 so as to be rotatable around the tunnel axis.
And guide means 13 for guiding the tip of the cutter spoke 12 along the horseshoe shape, which is the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the cutter spoke 12 has a box-shaped spoke box 21 having a crushing opening K on the face side, and a bearing provided integrally with the spoke box 21. (Not shown), and a disk cutter 22 rotatably supported by a shaft (not shown) and rotating when crushing the face.

In such technical means, the cutter spoke 12 is configured to be able to freely expand and contract according to the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel. The flexibility of the expansion and contraction of the cutter spokes 12 is ensured by the following configurations of the spoke box 21 and the disc cutter 22. The expansion and contraction operation of the cutter spokes 12 corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel is controlled by a control device (not shown).

That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the spoke box 21 is composed of an inner cylinder 31 and an outer cylinder 32, which are divided and provided with an overlapped portion, and are connected to each other in a stretchable manner. Is fixed to the inner cylinder 31 and the other end is
And a hydraulic jack (not shown) that is fixedly attached to the power supply.

Therefore, the spoke box 21 can extend and retract the box body 21a by extending and retracting the hydraulic jack. However, the expansion and contraction operation of the box body 21a does not prevent the rotation of the shaft 22a and the cutter body 22b in the arrow direction B.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2, the disk cutter 22 includes a shaft 22a which can freely expand and contract in conjunction with expansion and contraction of the spoke box 21, a cutter body 22b integrally provided at an appropriate interval with the shaft 22a, and an arrow. Axis 22 in direction B
a and a drive motor (not shown) for rotating the cutter body 22b.

Therefore, the disk cutter 22 is provided with the spoke box 21 by extending and retracting the hydraulic jack.
The extension and contraction operation of the shaft 22a can be performed in conjunction with the extension and contraction operation of the shaft 22a. However, the expansion and contraction operation of the shaft 22a does not prevent the rotation of the shaft 22a and the cutter body 22b in the arrow direction B.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the guide means 13 has a guide rail 41 having an outer peripheral shape corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the horseshoe-shaped tunnel to be excavated (see FIG. 1).
And an outer peripheral sliding roller 42 provided at the distal end of the cutter spoke 12 to slide the distal end of the cutter spoke 12 on the guide rail 41 (see FIGS. 2 and 3).
It is composed of

Accordingly, the guide means 13 allows the outer peripheral sliding roller 42 to slide along the guide rail 41 so that the leading end of the cutter spoke 12
1 can be guided.

(2) Rotational force applying means (not shown) The rotational force applying means plays a role of applying the rotational force necessary for crushing to the cutter spokes 12. Note that the arrow direction A in FIGS. 1 and 2 indicates the turning direction of the cutter spoke 12 when the turning force is applied by the turning force applying means.

That is, although not shown, the rotational force applying means includes a gear provided on the inner race of the main bearing, and a main drive motor for applying a rotational force to the inner race via the gear. .

(3) Thrust applying means (not shown) The thrust applying means plays a role of applying the thrust required for crushing to the cutter spokes 12.

That is, although not shown, the thrust applying means includes a reaction force transmitting member provided integrally with a reaction force obtaining means described later, a front end fixed to the outer race of the main bearing, and a rear end provided with a rear end. A thrust jack that is fixed to the reaction force transmitting member and applies a thrust necessary for crushing to the cutter spokes 12.

(4) Reaction Force Acquisition Means (Not Shown) The reaction force acquisition means plays a role of acquiring the reaction force required for excavation from the pit wall. The reaction force required for the excavation includes the turning force by the turning force applying means and the thrust by the thrust applying means.

The reaction force obtaining means is specifically configured to be provided integrally with the thrust applying means.

That is, the reaction force obtaining means includes a gripper shoe pressed against the ground on both sides of the tunnel, and a main jack provided integrally with the reaction force transmitting member and applying a pressing force to the gripper shoe. Consists of

(5) Discharge means (not shown) The discharge means serves to discharge the crushed material crushed by the cutter spokes 12 backward.

That is, although not shown, the discharging means includes a conveyor for continuously discharging the crushed material that has been crushed by the cutter spokes 12 backward, and a conveyor device for transporting the crushed material from the conveyor. It is composed of

Next, the operation of the tunnel boring machine according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. Note that the description starts assuming that the disk cutter 22 is in a rotating state and the cutter spokes 12 are slightly separated from the face.

First, the reaction force obtaining means obtains the reaction force required for excavation from the rock wall.

That is, when the main jack is expanded, the gripper shoe is brought into contact with the ground as the pit wall, and the main jack is further expanded to apply a pressing force to the ground, the reaction force acquiring means is pressed. It is fixed at the position of the wellhead wall to which the pressure is applied, whereby the reaction force necessary for excavation is obtained from the ground.

Next, on the one hand, by the rotational force applying means,
Rotational force required for crushing is applied to the cutter spoke 12, and at the same time, the leading end of the cutter spoke 12 is guided by the guide means 13 along the outer peripheral shape of the horseshoe-shaped tunnel. 12, a thrust required for crushing is applied.

That is, when the main drive motor starts rotating, the rotation is transmitted to the cutter spokes 12 via the main bearings, so that the cutter spokes 12 start rotating in the arrow direction A.

At the same time, the operation of the control device controls the cutter spokes 12 to extend and contract in accordance with the outer peripheral shape of the horseshoe-shaped tunnel, whereby the leading end of the cutter spokes 12 traces a trajectory along the guide rail 41. At the same time, the outer peripheral sliding roller 42 slides according to the guide rail 41.

Subsequently, when the thrust jack performs the extension operation, the cutter spoke 12 performs the extension and contraction operation corresponding to the outer peripheral shape of the horseshoe-shaped tunnel, and is pushed out to the face while rotating in the arrow direction A. Is pressed against the ground related to the face.

At this time, a reaction force, which is a frictional force, generated between the ground serving as the pit wall and the gripper shoe is transmitted to the cutter spoke 12 via the reaction force transmitting member, and this reaction force is necessary for excavation. Since the force is sufficiently higher, the cutter spoke 12 can crush the ground related to the face.

By repeating the above-described series of operations, the tunnel boring machine can excavate the ground related to the face with a cross section corresponding to the horseshoe shape which is the cross section of the tunnel.

Therefore, according to the tunnel boring machine of the present embodiment, the excavation of the horseshoe-shaped tunnel can be freely performed. And, therefore, there is no needless excavation in the area not used for the tunnel after completion.

[0043]

According to the tunnel boring machine according to the present invention, since it is configured as described above, it is possible to freely excavate tunnels having various cross-sectional shapes such as a horseshoe shape, an elliptical shape, and a rectangular shape as well as a circular shape. . As a result, excavation does not occur in a region that is not used for a tunnel after completion.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a schematic configuration of a tunnel boring machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view showing a detailed configuration and operation of a cutter spoke applied to the tunnel boring machine according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a view in the direction of arrow X in FIG. 2 showing a detailed configuration of a cutter spoke applied to the tunnel boring machine according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Excavation means 11 ... Center member 12 ... Cutter spoke 13 ... Guide means 21 ... Spoke box 21a ... Box cylinder main body 22 ... Disk cutter 22a ... Shaft 22b ... Cutter main body 31 ... Inner cylinder 32 ... Outer cylinder 41 ... Guide rail 42 ... Peripheral sliding roller A: arrow direction B: arrow direction K: opening for crushing

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Tomoyuki Aoki 1-25-1, Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Taisei Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Susumu Shimaya 1-25-1, Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Taisei Corporation F term (reference) 2D054 AC20 BA03

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A digging means including a cutter spoke rotatably provided around a tunnel axis for crushing a ground related to a face, and a rotating force applying means for applying a rotating force required for crushing to the cutter spoke. A thrust applying means for applying a thrust necessary for crushing to the cutter spoke; a reaction force obtaining means for obtaining a reaction force necessary for excavation from a pit wall; and a crushed material crushed by the cutter spoke. And a discharge means for discharging the material into the tunnel boring machine, wherein the cutter spoke can freely expand and contract in accordance with the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel.