JP2001286571A - Stairs bias slider - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide safe, sure, easy and simple equipment which is the equipment for emergency stair for the aged and the sick for use in a emergency stair of a multi-storied building and can be operated without electric energy. SOLUTION: In stairs formed extending from an upper layer part and a lower layer part through a landing 10 or an intermediate floor 9b, in an upper position of each stair, a straight rail 2a attached corresponding to the inclination of each stair and a curve rail 2b attached to the upper side of the landing or the intermediate floor part and having downward inclination corresponding to the shape of the intermediate floor part are connected to provide a guide rail 2 continuously connected from the upper layer part to the lower layer part and having an inclination, and a lowering machine 5 suspending and supporting an evacuee and guided and moved downward along the continuous guide rail 2 by its dead load, and a speed restrain mechanism for restraining the lowering speed of the lowering machine 5 is provided to construct this stairs bias slider.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a sloping staircase slider for evacuating the weak in a disaster.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An evacuation stair is provided in an evacuation staircase enclosed by a fire-resistant structure wall in accordance with the Building Standards Law, and has a safe structure protected from fire and smoke during a fire. Therefore, in the event of a fire, it is the safest and safest evacuation method for people on higher floors to evacuate to lower floors via evacuation stairs, but vulnerable people such as the sick and elderly can walk on their own or Because it is difficult to go down the stairs, you cannot use the evacuation stairs to evacuate without some help. But,
No mechanical device has been developed to evacuate the vulnerable people to the lower floors using the evacuation stairs, and the fact is that they rely on human power from caregivers.

[0003] When a caregiver evacuates a vulnerable person via the evacuation stairs, at present, generally, a method is adopted in which two caregivers cross their arms to carry the vulnerable person from both sides and drop it to the lower floor. However, this method requires two evacuees for each evacuee, and it is quite hard work for the evacuees to go down the stairs with the evacuees. There are limits to carrying many people.

In the case of a building on the second or third floor, there is a method of providing a slide on a balcony and evacuating by sliding down the slide. However, the balcony is not architecturally protected from fire and smoke. Being vulnerable to fire and high risk, the balconies are not directly connected to the corridors and require considerable effort to take them to the balconies,
Further, the balcony has a drawback that it is not easy to move laterally to the position of the slide because the width of the balcony is small or objects are placed on the balcony. Buildings with four or more floors cannot be evacuated on a slide because it is dangerous to slide down on the slide.

[0005] At present, there are various stair climbing and lowering devices for wheelchairs (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-58950, Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 63-1).
No. 42373), most of which are motorized ones for the purpose of ascending and descending stairs in everyday life, and there are various measures to be taken when the equipment becomes unavailable due to a power failure or the like, but in any case, a disaster There are still problems in ensuring the operation of. Furthermore, the current equipment is based on the use of lower floors, and it is considered difficult to accommodate the recently increasing middle and high rise facilities for the elderly.

[0006]

In short, this is an emergency evacuation facility used for evacuation stairs in a multi-story building, which does not rely on electric energy (electric power) or the like only in one direction of descending. Nothing to move is currently found. The present invention seeks to solve such a point and to provide a simple and safe one that can be used easily.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that the stairs formed from the upper floor to the lower floor via a landing or an intermediate floor are located above the respective stairs. A straight rail attached to each of the slopes, and a curved rail corresponding to the shape of the landing section or the middle floor above the landing section or the middle floor and having a downward slope, and connected from the upper section to the lower section. And a descending device that suspends and supports the evacuees and that is guided and moved downward along the series of guide rails only by its own weight to suppress the descending speed of the descending device. And a speed-reducing means to provide a speed-reducing slider.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the sloping stairs slider according to the first aspect, a stock yard is formed by arranging a pull-in rail connected to the guide rail above an intermediate floor, and the stock rail is formed with the pull-in rail. The part on the upstream side from the connection position is split as a flip-up rail and is configured to be rotatable by supporting it rotatably, and the descending device arranged on the pull-in rail is located at the connection position between the guide rail and the pull-in rail. By jumping in, the flip-up rail is pushed up by pressing its lower surface,
The flip-up rail returns to its original state when the descending machine passes.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The applicant has already proposed a stair slope slider for evacuation of the vulnerable to disaster, which has solved the above-mentioned problems.
No. 01294, which is incorporated herein by reference.
No. 00-14813.

Here, the stairs inclined slider for evacuation of the vulnerable to disasters disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-14813 will be described with reference to FIG. The back surface 19 of the evacuation stairs 1 in the evacuation staircase A
The guide rails 2 are attached in series from the upper layer to the lower layer, and a pull-in rail 3 connected to the guide rails 2 is arranged at a necessary place to provide a stock yard 4. A plurality of descenders 5 which are detachably engaged with the pull-in rail 3 and the guide rail 2 to guide and move downward are provided. The descending machine 5 includes a traveling unit that engages with the guide rail 2, and a power storage device that stores mechanical energy associated with the downward movement by a mainspring, a flywheel, an air accumulator, and the like in conjunction with the traveling unit. , A suspension rope manual hoisting device with a stopper.

With the above configuration, for example, when a vulnerable person in a wheelchair is evacuated from the second floor or more to the first floor (evacuation floor), the caregiver needs to take care of the stockyard 4 on the floor 9 of this floor. , And pull out the hanging rope from the hanging rope manual hoisting device with stopper, and hang it on a wheelchair or the like on which a vulnerable person such as a sick person or an elderly person rides. The wheelchair and the like are lifted together by manual operation, and then the descender 5 is fed into the guide rail 2 (to the inclined portion). The descending machine 5 sent into the guide rail 2 moves the inclined portion of the guide rail 2 to the loading load by a wheelchair or the like on which the vulnerable person of the disaster rides and the descending machine 5.
Moves downward due to its own weight or the like, and the mechanical energy at this time is transmitted to and stored in the energy storage device via the binion gear.
At this time, the speed of movement is moderately braked (1 m / sec) until there is no danger with the energy storage device as a load. Then, when the descender 5 reaches a horizontal portion such as a landing through the inclined portion of the guide rail 2, the mechanical energy stored in the energy storage device is released in reverse, and the descender 5 uses this mechanical energy as a power source for the next time. Self-propelled to the inclined portion, and the inclined portion will be moved downward again by its riding load and the own weight of the descending machine 5, and thereafter, these operations are repeated one after another,
It will automatically descend to the first floor (evacuation floor). Then, on the first floor (evacuation floor), the caregiver
By manually operating the suspending rope manual hoisting device with a stopper, the wheelchair or the like on which the vulnerable person of the disaster is riding is lowered to the floor and evacuated.

As described above, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-14813 solves the above-mentioned problem. However, it uses the energy when the descender 5 moves downward to move a horizontal portion such as a stair landing. Therefore, it is conceivable that the amount of stored energy is unstable, and the energy is exhausted during the movement of the horizontal part and the operation stops.

Accordingly, the applicants have made further ingenuity, and as a result, have come to provide a simple stair-sloping slider that can be used to securely move the landing and the like, and that can be used more safely and easily.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. Note that the same components as those in FIG. 8 are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. FIG. 1 shows a state in which a rectangular spiral staircase is equipped with a stairs skew slider according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, A is a staircase provided in various concrete buildings and the like. 1 is staircase A
Is a rectangular spiral staircase, 10 is a landing of the staircase 1, and 9a, 9b, 9c are staircases on the top floor, a middle floor, and an evacuation floor, respectively, where the sloping staircase slider in the staircase A is installed. Above the stairs 1, a substantially elliptical spiral guide rail 2 is provided along the stairs 1 from the upper layer to the lower layer. The guide rail 2 is made of a metal mold (for example, an aluminum mold) or the like. In the step portion of the stairs 1, a substantially straight linear rail 2a installed corresponding to the inclination of the stairs 1 is used, and the landing 10 portion and the middle A substantially semicircular curved rail 2b is used in the staircase 9 of the floor, and the curved rail 2b has a slightly inclined shape.

Reference numeral 3 denotes a draw-in rail provided above the staircases 9a and 9b on each of the second and higher floors in connection with the guide rail 2, and reference numeral 4 denotes a stock yard formed by the draw-in rails 3. Reference numeral 5 denotes a descender which is detachably engaged with the pull-in rail 3 or the guide rail 2 and guides downward along the guide rail 2 while suspending and supporting a wheelchair or the like. It is preferable that an appropriate number of the descenders 5 are always provided on the pull-in rails 3 of the stock yard 4 on each floor.

The guide rail 2 is a rail support 2 shown in FIG.
It is attached by fixing with 0. Here, the rail support 20 provided on the ceiling will be described. First, the attachment position of the guide rail 2 is determined, and the attachment position of the rail support 20 is determined in consideration of the attachment position of the guide rail 2. Next, an anchor bolt 20a is driven into the ceiling at the mounting position of the rail support 20, and a first bracket 20b having a substantially inverted T-shaped cross section is fixed to the anchor 20a by nut tightening. A substantially inverted L-shaped second bracket 20c extending downward is supported on the first bracket 20b via a rotation adjustment mechanism capable of adjusting rotation, and a long hole, a bolt, and a nut are provided at a lower end of the second bracket 20c. Supports a third bracket 20d extending in the horizontal direction via an adjustment mechanism that can be adjusted in the up, down, left, and right directions,
A fourth bracket 20e having a substantially T-shaped cross section is supported at an end of the third bracket 20d via a rotary adjustment mechanism.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a guide rail support portion and a chain mounting portion showing a cross section taken along line AA in FIG. 2 (a). As shown in FIG. 3, the guide rail 2 is arranged on the fourth bracket 20e. At the same time, the guide rail 2 can be fixed by bolting the plate-shaped fifth bracket 20f and the fourth bracket e inserted into the groove below the guide rail 2. Since the rail support 20 has an adjusting mechanism using a long hole and a rotating adjusting mechanism, it is possible to securely fix the guide rail 2 by adjusting these adjusting mechanisms against dimensional errors of the building. When an unexpected dimensional error or the like is confirmed, it can be adjusted by appropriately interposing a liner or the like between the components of the rail support 20 or the like. The height at which the guide rail 2 is attached is
When a wheelchair or the like is suspended and supported by a descender described later via a hanger, the wheelchair or the like needs to be provided at a height such that the wheelchair does not contact the stairs 1, the floor of the landing 10, or the like. In addition, when the guide rails 2 are attached, it is preferable to consider the mounting positions of the guide rails 2 and the rail supports 20 so as not to affect the normal use of the stairs.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a chain 21 is fixed to the upper surface of the guide rail 2. In this embodiment, the pin 21 is a pin gear attachment 21a that allows lateral bending and is fixed as the chain 21.
Is used. The chain 21 is fixed to the guide rail 2 by inserting a plate-shaped bracket 22 for fixing the chain into a pair of grooves formed on the upper surface of the guide rail 2 and fastening the bracket 22 and the pin gear attachment with bolts. I have. Since a curve chain is used as the chain 21, the chain 21 is similarly used for the curve rail 2 a.
Can be attached.

The guide rail 2 is constituted by connecting a plurality of rail members, and the rail support 20 is basically arranged so as to support at least two end portions of each rail member. . Then, at the connection portion of each rail member, the fifth bracket 20e is inserted into a groove formed at the lower portion of both rail members to be connected, and the chain fixing bracket 22 is provided on the upper surface of both rail members. Each of the rail members is inserted into the formed groove, whereby the positioning between the two rail members is performed. After these alignments are completed, the chains 21 fixed to each rail member are finally connected by connecting the two chains 21 between the rail members with the joint link 21b.

Next, the descending machine 5 will be described with reference to FIGS. The descender 5 is supported by a sprocket 31 which rolls by meshing with the chain 21 while allowing movement in the axial direction via a ball spline 31a. A pair of left and right wheels 30 that roll and support a load in the vertical direction are rotatably supported. Reference numeral 32 denotes a side roller disposed opposite to the side surface of the guide rail 2 so that the descender 5 can descend stably along the guide rail 2. Three
Reference numeral 3 denotes a generator, and a shaft on which the sprocket 31 is supported and a reduction chain mechanism 3 which constitutes a speed suppression mechanism 34.
4a and a gear head 34b. A hanger bracket 35 is provided on the side surface of the descender 5 so as to be rotatably supported by a bearing around a shaft supported by the sprocket 31. 36 is a generator 33
It is a control device that performs such control.

The hanger bracket 35 is provided with a cylindrical portion 35a which is opened downward, and the column 37a of the hanger 37 is inserted and fixed to the cylindrical portion 35a. An inverted J-shaped groove is formed in the cylindrical portion 35a, while a pin is formed at the upper end of the column 37a so as to protrude.
Then, the strut 37a is inserted so that the pin moves along the inverted J-shaped groove, and when the pin reaches the end of the inverted J-shaped groove, the pin is prevented from coming off by the stopper 35b. The hanger 37 is fixed to the.

The hanger 37 comprises a support post 37a and a substantially rectangular hanger member 37b.
7b is integrally provided at the lower end of the column 37a so as to be positioned substantially directly below the descender 5 so as to secure the balance when descending.

At each of the four corners of the hanger member 37b, a chain 38 having a hook 38a at its tip for connecting the wheelchair 39 to the hanger 37 is provided. On the other hand, an attachment 39a to which the hook 38a is connected is attached to the wheelchair 39, and by connecting the hook 38a and the attachment 39a, both can be easily and reliably connected with one touch. Wheelchair 39
And the hanger 37 are connected by a chain 38 and a hook 38
a, the method is not limited to the method using the attachment 39a, and any publicly-available material or means can be used as long as the material is long and has a necessary strength.

Next, the structure of the intermediate junction between the guide rail 2 and the pull-in rail 3 of the stock yard 4 formed in the staircase 9b on the intermediate floor will be described with reference to FIG. The pull-in rail 3 forming the stock yard 4 is connected to the guide rail 2 at a position extended to a position protruding slightly from the floor of the staircase 9b on the intermediate floor to the side of the stairs. A part on the upstream side from the connection position is configured to be splittable as the flip-up rail 2b. The flip-up rail 2b is rotatably supported by a support 40 provided at an arbitrary position such as a ceiling via a connecting member 40a. 40b is a flip-up rail 2
b is a rail spring that urges the guide rail 2 so as to be in a series, and 40c is a damper.

With the above configuration, for example, when a vulnerable person on a wheelchair is evacuated from the staircase room 9b on the middle floor of the second floor or higher to the staircase room 9c on the first floor (evacuation floor), the caregiver needs to take care of
The descender 5 provided in the stock yard 4 on the floor is pulled, and the hanger 37 is attached to the descender 5 in the manner described above. Next, the chain 38 attached to the hanger 37 is connected to an attachment 39a of a wheelchair 39 on which a vulnerable person such as a sick person or an elderly person rides, and the hanger 37 and the wheelchair 39 are connected. At this point, the wheelchair 39 is in the staircase 9 on the middle floor.
b It is in a state of being placed on the floor surface.

Thereafter, when the wheelchair 39 is pushed out in the lower floor direction, the descending machine 5 moves along the retracting rail, and the retracting rail 3 is slightly extended from the floor, so that the floor of the staircase room 9b is raised. At the time of interruption, the wheelchair 39 is lowered 5
And is suspended and supported via the hanger 37 and the chain 38. At substantially the same time, the descending machine 5 reaches the junction between the pull-in rail 3 and the guide rail 2 and jumps up by pushing the lowering surface of the flip-up rail 2b by the descending machine 5 itself, so that the main flow is guided. It joins the rail 2 and descends along the guide rail 2.
After the descender 5 has passed through the junction of the middle floor, the flip-up rail 2b is automatically returned to the original state by the action of the rail spring 40b and the damper 40c. Also,
It is preferable that a material having a low coefficient of friction (Teflon (registered trademark) resin, oil-impregnated metal, or the like) is attached to at least one of the contact portions between the flip-up rail 2b and the descender 5.

As described above, in the embodiment of the present invention, the pull-in rail 3 is extended to a position slightly protruding from the floor surface, so that a hoist for suspending and supporting the wheelchair 39 is not required. In addition, since the conventional winding work is not required, the evacuation can be performed more quickly.

The descending machine 5 joined to the guide rail 2 attempts to descend under a condition close to a natural fall due to its own weight (the weight of the evacuee and the weight of the wheelchair) due to the inclination of the guide rail 2, but the chain of the guide rail 2 21 and sprocket 3
1 are engaged with each other, are interlocked with a speed suppressing mechanism 34 composed of a reduction chain 34a and a gear head 34b, and the thrust (torque) of the descending machine 5 is absorbed by the generator 33. By functioning, deceleration control is performed at an appropriate speed (about 1 m / sec) that does not cause free fall, so that vulnerable persons in wheelchairs can safely and securely descend to the evacuation floor (first floor) in a stable state can do.

The curve rail 2a provided in the landing 10 also has a slight inclination.
It is not necessary to accumulate energy or the like as in the case of No. 0-14813, and it is possible to reliably pass through the landing 10 by its own weight. Curve rail 2 to be placed at the landing 10
Although the inclination of a is set to 10 degrees in this embodiment as shown in FIG. 1, the minimum necessary for descending by its own weight is taken into account in consideration of various factors such as installation conditions and usage conditions. The inclination angle (for example, about 5 to 10 degrees) may be set appropriately.

When reaching the staircase room 9c on the evacuation floor (first floor), the wheelchair 39 gently lands on the floor of the evacuation floor due to the height and inclination of the guide rail 2, and the caregiver descends. Hanger 37 of machine 5 and hook 38 of chain 38
It is possible to evacuate simply by removing a.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, since the guide rails 2 are all inclined including the landing area or the intermediate floor, the evacuees suspended and supported by the descending machine can be loaded. Weight (weight of evacuees and weight of wheelchair)
In addition, since the lowering device moves down along the guide rails using only the own weight of the lowering device itself, the lowering device can automatically and safely move down.

The speed control means is not limited to the present embodiment, but may employ a load of an energy storage device disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-14813 to obtain a braking action. In this case, on the evacuation floor, it is preferable to provide an appropriate mechanical energy emitting means such as providing a rising portion or engaging with a free-rotating free roller or the like.

In this embodiment, a rectangular spiral staircase is described as an example on the premise of an evacuation staircase having an evacuation staircase. However, the technical idea of the present invention is a staircase having a landing or an intermediate floor. If there is, it can be adopted by providing a guide rail according to the type, the number of floors, and the structure of the stairs, without being limited to the evacuation stairs having the evacuation staircase, and not limited to the rectangular spiral staircase, The target of evacuation is not limited to the vulnerable in a wheelchair, and the evacuees can be suspended and supported directly by using any hanging equipment, or sleeping if the evacuation stairs have enough space. It is also possible to evacuate the vulnerable people in the state by suspending and supporting the bet as they are.

Furthermore, the specific forms of the various structures, such as the guide rail 2, the descender 5, the hanger, etc., are not limited to the present embodiment, but may be any appropriate as long as they have similar functions.

[0035]

As described above, according to the present invention, since the guide rail is configured to have a slope including the landing or the middle floor, the refugees (disabled persons such as sick and elderly people).
Is moved down along the guide rails using only the loading load of the evacuees suspended and supported by the descending machine and the own weight of the descending machine itself, and is automatically, safely and surely moved down. be able to. Further, at the time of the descending movement, the descending speed of the descending machine can be moderately braked, and the descending machine can be safely moved down. Furthermore, electric energy is not required, and there is no possibility of being unusable due to a power outage or the like in the event of a disaster, and operation can be secured safely as long as sufficient disaster countermeasures are taken on the stairs of the building. It can be used safely in facilities for the elderly without any trouble. In addition, a large number of vulnerable to disaster can be evacuated easily and easily by a small number of caregivers with little labor. Furthermore, since it can be equipped on the evacuation stairs, in the event of a disaster, vulnerable people can safely evacuate using the evacuation stairs.

Further, the required number of descending machines can be always provided on the pull-in rails at the stockyards on each floor, and it is possible to adapt quickly and appropriately in the event of a disaster. In addition, the structure can be simplified, easily manufactured and provided at low cost.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention;
(A) is a schematic side view, (b) is a schematic front view,
(C) is a schematic configuration diagram of the uppermost floor, (d) is a schematic configuration diagram of an intermediate floor, and (e) is a schematic configuration diagram of a non-faulty floor.

FIGS. 2A and 2B are configuration diagrams of a rail support, in which FIG. 2A is a side view and FIG. 2B is a front view.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a guide rail support portion and a chain attachment portion.

FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a chain attachment portion.

5A and 5B are configuration diagrams of a descender and a descender and a hanger connection portion, wherein FIG. 5A is a front view and FIG. 5B is a side view.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of connection between a descending machine and a wheelchair, and (a)
Is a front view, (b) is a side view, and (c) is an enlarged view of a connection portion between a wheelchair and a chain.

FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of an intermediate junction.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a stairs sloping slider for evacuation of the vulnerable to disaster, which was previously filed.

[Explanation of symbols]

 A: (Evacuation) staircase 1 ... (Evacuation) staircase 2: Guide rail 2a ... Straight rail 2b ... Curved rail 2c ... Jumping rail 3 ... Retraction rail 4 ... Stock yard 5 ... Descent 9a ... Top staircase 9b ... staircase on the middle floor 9c ... staircase on the evacuation floor 10 ... landing 33 ... generator 34 ... speed suppression mechanism

Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Shunjiro Nagasaki 8-21-1, Ginza, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Inside the Tokyo Head Office of Takenaka Corporation (72) Inventor Takumi Harada 8-2-1-1, Ginza, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Takenaka Corporation Tokyo Main Store (72) Inventor Shigeo Uehara 1-5-1, Otsuka, Inzai City, Chiba Prefecture Inside Takenaka Corporation Technical Research Institute (72) Inventor Takashi Yamamoto 8-21 Ginza, Chuo-ku, Tokyo No. 1 Inside Takenaka Corporation Tokyo Main Branch (72) Inventor Isao Kashiwara 2-1-1-17 Osaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo Inside Company Meidensha (72) Inventor Akio Nishio 2-1-1 Osaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo No. 17 Inside Meidensha Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Tetsuji Suzuki 2-1-1 Osaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan Inside (72) Inventor Naoya Shinkawa 2-5-5-1 Osaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo Akira F-term in Den Hoist System Co., Ltd. (reference) 2E184 AA08 BB11 BC04 BC06 3F301 AA11 BB09 BD29 DB05 DB11

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A stairway formed from an upper floor to a lower floor via a landing or an intermediate floor, straight rails respectively provided above the stairs corresponding to the inclination of the stairs, and a landing area or an intermediate floor. A guide rail that connects to a curved rail that has a downward slope and that corresponds to the shape of the landing section or the middle floor attached to the upper part of the section is provided, and a guide rail that connects from the upper section to the lower section is provided to suspend and support the evacuees A step-down mechanism that is guided only downward by the weight of the guide rails along the series of guide rails, and a speed control unit that controls a lowering speed of the step-down mechanism. Row slider. 2. A stock yard is formed by arranging a pull-in rail connected to the guide rail above an intermediate floor, and a part of the guide rail on the upstream side of a connection position with the pull-in rail is split as a flip-up rail. The lifter is configured so that it can be flipped up by rotatably supporting it, and the lowering device arranged on the pull-in rail presses the lower surface of the flip-up rail by entering the connection position between the guide rail and the pull-in rail. 2. The stair sloping slider according to claim 1, wherein the jumping rail returns to its original state when the jumping up and down machine passes.