JP2001286104A - Rotating electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rotating electric machine capable of avoiding scattering of sparks when the brush slidingly contact the commutator, whereby lengthening the life of the brush and also eliminating damage to a battery when the rotating electric machine functions as a generator. SOLUTION: The rotating machine 10 is constituted by mounting a first and second sub-brushes 34a, 34b respectively and electrically connected to a first and second diodes 32a, 32b to a second rotating part 16. When the rotating part 16 rotates integrally together with a rotating shaft 12, and when a first to third positive brushes 28a to 28c and a first to third negative brushes 30a to 30c slidingly contact the commutator 38, commutation is conducted by the first and second diodes 32a, 32b and the first and second sub-brushes 34a, 34b. Also, when the second rotating part 16 is descended by a lifting mechanism 36 and each of the brushes is separated from the commutator 38, the first and second diodes 32a, 32b are electrically disconnected from the battery B.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a rotating electric machine,
More specifically, sparks do not scatter when the brush slides on the commutator, and there is no concern that the battery will be damaged by the induced voltage generated from the electromagnetic coil when the rotating electric machine functions as a generator. Related to rotating electric machines.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a rotating electric machine, for example, first and second rotating portions which are engaged with a rotating shaft and rotate integrally with the rotating shaft, a permanent magnet held by the first rotating portion, and the like. A plurality of first fixed to a fixed portion surrounding the first rotating portion;
An electromagnetic coil, a second electromagnetic coil, a plurality of brushes installed in the second rotating portion, and a commutator in which insulating regions and conductive regions are alternately arranged, and one end of each of the electromagnetic coils is provided. A structure in which the electromagnetic coils are electrically connected to adjacent conductive regions of the commutator and the electromagnetic coils are delta-connected is employed. In this case, the second rotating unit moves up and down by a lifting mechanism.

In this type of rotating electric machine, when the rotating shaft rotates at a low speed, the second rotating portion is located at the upper end, whereby the brush is in sliding contact with the commutator. The brush is electrically connected to a positive electrode of a battery and outputs a current to a conductive region of a commutator. The brush is electrically connected to a negative electrode of the battery and is connected to a commutator through a first electromagnetic coil. And a negative brush for inputting the current that has returned to the conductive region. That is, the current supplied from the battery is supplied to the first electromagnetic coil via the positive brush, and then returns to the battery via the negative brush. Thereby, the rotating electric machine functions as a motor.

On the other hand, when the rotating shaft rotates at a high speed, the second rotating unit is lowered by the lifting mechanism, and as a result,
The commutator and the brush are separated from each other. If the rotation of the rotating shaft is continued in this state, the first rotating portion and the permanent magnet held by the first rotating portion rotate integrally, so that an induced voltage is generated in the second electromagnetic coil. That is, the rotating electric machine functions as a generator. In this case,
The first electromagnetic coil and the battery are electrically separated from each other.

As described above, by changing the rotation speed of the rotating shaft, the rotating electric machine can function as a motor or a generator.

[0006]

However, in the rotating electric machine according to the prior art described above, there is a problem that sparks are scattered at the moment when the brush starts to slide on the conductive region of the commutator or when the brush separates from the conductive region. This is because there is no electrical path for the current supplied to the electromagnetic coil at that moment, and a high voltage is generated between the brush and the conductive region. And when this happens,
There is a disadvantage that the brush needs to be replaced frequently because the brush is worn out in a short period of time, and the replacement operation is complicated.

Therefore, the first electromagnetic coil and the diode are electrically connected, and the current supplied to the first electromagnetic coil at the moment when the brush starts to slide on the conductive region of the commutator or when the brush separates from the conductive region is transferred to the battery. It is recalled to return to. However, in this case, the battery and the first electromagnetic coil are always electrically connected. For this reason,
When the rotating electric machine functions as a generator, there is a concern that the battery may be damaged if the induced voltage generated in the first electromagnetic coil becomes higher than the withstand voltage of the battery. In order to avoid this, a relay circuit must be interposed between the battery and the diode, so that a problem that the configuration of the electric circuit is complicated is caused.

Further, in this case, two diodes are required for the first electromagnetic coil of each phase. For example, if the three phases are delta-connected as described above, at least 6
Since the number of diodes is required, the manufacturing cost of the rotating electric machine is increased, which eventually causes a problem that the rotating electric machine cannot be supplied at low cost.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problem, and sparks are not scattered when the brush is in sliding contact with the commutator, thereby making it possible to extend the life of the brush. It is an object of the present invention to provide a rotating electric machine that does not have a risk of damaging a battery when the rotating electric machine functions as a generator.

[0010]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a rotating shaft, and first and second rotating shafts which are engaged with the rotating shaft and rotate integrally with the rotating shaft. Part, a magnet held by the first rotating part, a fixed part surrounding the first rotating part, an electromagnetic coil fixed to the fixed part, and a power source installed on the second rotating part and connected to a power source. A positive brush and a negative brush electrically connected to each other;
A positive brush electrically connected to the positive brush and a negative brush electrically connected to the negative brush, the diode being installed on the second rotating part, and a diode being installed on the second rotating part; A sub-brush installed on the unit and electrically connected to the diode, a lifting mechanism for raising and lowering the second rotating unit, an insulating region and a conductive region electrically connected to one end of the electromagnetic coil; And the positive brush, the negative brush, a commutator in which the sub-brush is slidably contacted, a positive electrode in which the positive brush is slid in contact, and a fixing plate having a negative electrode in which the negative brush is slidably contacted, The second rotating part rises and functions as a motor when the brushes come into sliding contact with the fixed plate, and the second rotating part moves down to separate the brushes and the fixed plate from each other. Characterized in that it functions as a generator when the.

With such a configuration, the current supplied to the electromagnetic coil at the moment when the brush starts to slide on the conductive region of the commutator or at the moment when the brush separates from the conductive region is reduced by the electromagnetic force via the sub-brush and the diode. Return to coil. Therefore, no high voltage is generated between the brush and the conductive region, so that sparks do not scatter. As a result, wear of the brush is significantly suppressed, and the life of the brush is extended, so that the frequency of brush replacement is significantly reduced.

In addition, when the rotating electric machine functions as a generator, the diode is electrically disconnected from the power supply as the second rotating part descends, so that the power supply and the electromagnetic coil are electrically disconnected. Since the battery is disconnected, the battery is not damaged by the induced voltage generated in the electromagnetic coil. Because there is no need to install a relay circuit,
The electric circuit can be simply configured.

Furthermore, two diodes are sufficient,
Therefore, an increase in the manufacturing cost of the rotating electric machine is avoided.

In this case, it is preferable that the width of the insulating region in the commutator is equal to or larger than the width of the sub-brush. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the sub-brush from short-circuiting adjacent conductive regions via the insulating region.

It is preferable that the positive brush, the negative brush, the positive brush, the negative brush, and the sub-brush can be moved up and down. In this case, when the rotating electric machine functions as a motor, each brush is pressed by the fixed plate and descends, and only its tip comes into sliding contact with the fixed plate. Therefore, the rotation operation of the second rotating unit is not hindered by each brush.

Examples of such a rotating electric machine include a rotating electric machine in which the tip of a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine is inserted into the rotating shaft and the rotating shaft rotates integrally with the crankshaft.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a rotating electric machine according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic overall configuration of a main part of a rotary electric machine 10 according to the present embodiment in a longitudinal section. This rotating electric machine 10
The rotating shaft 12 includes a first rotating portion 14 and a second rotating portion 16 that rotate integrally with the rotating shaft 12, and the first rotating portion 14 holds a permanent magnet 18. Also, the first
The rotating part 14 is surrounded by a fixed part 20,
To 0, first to ninth electromagnetic coils 22a to 22i are fixed.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2, the second rotating section 16 includes a positive brush 24 and a negative brush 26 electrically connected to a battery (not shown), and a positive brush 24,
First to third positive brushes 28a to 28c and first to third negative brushes 30a electrically connected to the negative electrode brush 26, respectively.
30c, a first diode 32a and a second diode 32b, and a first sub-brush 34a and a second sub-brush 34b electrically connected to the diodes 32a and 32b, respectively.

The rotating electric machine 10 further includes a second rotating unit 16
The first to third positive brushes include an elevating mechanism 36 (see FIG. 1) for raising and lowering the brushes, and an insulating region and conductive regions electrically connected to both ends of the first to ninth electromagnetic coils 22a to 22i. 28a to 28c, first to third negative brushes 30a to 3
0c, first sub-brush 34a and second sub-brush 34
b, a commutator 38 in sliding contact, a positive electrode 40 in sliding contact with the positive brush 24, and a negative electrode 42 in sliding contact with the negative brush 26
(See FIG. 2).

As shown in FIG. 1, the rotating electric machine 10
The second rotating part 16 is raised and positioned at the upper end, and the first to third positive brushes 28a to 28c and the first to third negative brushes 30a to 3
0c and the first and second sub brushes 34a and 34b are in sliding contact with the commutator 38, and the positive brush 24 and the negative brush 26
Functions as a motor when each of them contacts the positive and negative electrodes 40 and 42 respectively. On the other hand, as will be described later, when the second rotating unit 16 is lowered and the brushes are separated from the fixed plate 44, the brush functions as a generator.

All the components described above are housed in a case 50 composed of an internal combustion engine case 46 and a main cover 48. Hereinafter, the configuration of the rotating electric machine 10 will be described in more detail with reference to FIG.

An opening 54 is formed at a lower end of the internal combustion engine case 46 in FIG. 1 for passing a tip end of a crankshaft 52 constituting an internal combustion engine (not shown).
The space between the opening 54 and the tip of the crankshaft 52 is sealed by a seal member 55. A step 56 is formed substantially at the middle of the internal combustion engine case 46, and a bolt hole 58 is provided in the step 56.

The rotating shaft 12 has a large diameter portion 60 and the large diameter portion 60.
And a small-diameter portion 62 extending therefrom, and is hollow.
That is, at the axial center of the large-diameter portion 60 and the small-diameter portion 62, a tapered insertion opening 64 tapered from the lower end toward the back, and a bolt communicating with the tapered insertion opening 64. An insertion hole 66 and a fan fixing member insertion opening 68 communicating with the bolt insertion hole 66 and having a diameter larger than that of the bolt insertion hole 66 are formed. The distal end of the crankshaft 52, which has a tapered diameter, is fitted into the tapered insertion port 64 of the rotating shaft 12 through the opening 54 of the internal combustion engine case 46.

The rotary shaft 12 has an annular recess 70 formed by cutting out a part of the large diameter portion 60.
A coil spring 72 that elastically urges the second rotating portion 16 is disposed in the annular concave portion 70.

A skirt-shaped cover 74 and a first rotating portion 14 are engaged with the side peripheral wall of the large diameter portion 60 of the rotating shaft 12 in this order from below, and the second peripheral portion of the small diameter portion 62 is engaged with the second peripheral portion.
The rotating part 16 is engaged. Therefore, when the rotating shaft 12 rotates, the skirt-shaped cover 74, the first rotating unit 14, and the second rotating unit 16 also rotate integrally with the rotating shaft 12.

Inside the skirt-shaped cover 74, a disk 76 constituting the lifting mechanism 36 and a plurality of balls 78 placed on the disk 76 are arranged. The elevating mechanism 36 further has a plurality of screws 80 for connecting the disk 76 and the second rotating unit 16. By the lifting mechanism 36 and the coil spring 72, the rotating shaft 12 can be raised and lowered along the side peripheral wall of the small diameter portion 62 of the rotating shaft 12, as described later.

On the inner wall from the tapered portion 74a of the disk 76 and the skirt-shaped cover 74 to the equal-diameter portion 74b, grooves 82 and 83 cut out with a curvature matching the peripheral surface of the ball 78 are formed, respectively. 78 is a groove 82, 83
It is arranged so that it can move inside. A through hole 84 is formed in the disk 76, and a screw 80 is formed in the through hole 84.
Of the torso 80a passes through. An annular groove 86 is formed at the distal end, and the ring-shaped holding member 87 is engaged with the annular groove 86 so that a screw 80 is formed.
From the disk 76.

The disk 76 is fixed to the second rotating part 1 by a screw 80.
6, the second rotating portion 16 rises in the skirt-shaped cover 74 as the second rotating portion 16 is elastically urged by the coil spring 72. Eventually, ball 7
8 is firmly held between the inner wall of the tapered portion 74 a of the skirt-shaped cover 74 and the disk 76, whereby the disk 76 is positioned at the upper end in the skirt-shaped cover 74.

The shaft portion 80 a of the screw 80 passes through a screw through hole 88 formed in the second rotating portion 16.
Of course, this screw through-hole 88 has a smaller diameter than the head 80b of the screw 80, so that the screw 80 is
It will not drop out of 6.

The first rotating section 14 includes a plurality of permanent magnets 1.
8 are held. That is, a plurality of magnet insertion portions 90 are formed in the first rotating portion 14 by cutting out a part of the first rotating portion 14 with substantially the same dimensions as the permanent magnets 18. It is housed in the magnet insertion portion 90.

The fixed part 20 is made of a laminated plate, and is arranged in the case 50 so as to surround the first rotating part 14.
The fixing portion 20 is fixed to the internal combustion engine case 46 by bolts 94 screwed into the bolt holes 58 of the internal combustion engine case 46 through bolt holes 92 formed in the fixing portion 20.

The first to ninth electromagnetic coils 22a to 22i are:
This fixing portion (laminated plate) 20 is placed via an insulating member (not shown).
It is wound around. For this reason, the first rotating unit 14 includes the first to ninth electromagnetic coils 22 a to 22 fixed to the fixed unit 20.
i. The first to ninth electromagnetic coils 22
One end of each of a to 22i is electrically connected to the adjacent conductive regions of the commutator 38 via a hook portion 96 (see FIG. 2) formed to protrude from the fixing plate 44.

An electromagnetic coil (not shown) different from the first to ninth electromagnetic coils 22a to 22i is fixed to the fixing portion 20. The electromagnetic coil (not shown) is for generating an induced voltage when the rotating electric machine 10 functions as a generator.

The second shaft engaged with the small diameter portion 62 of the rotary shaft 12
The rotating portion 16 includes a rotating shaft surrounding portion 98 surrounding the rotating shaft 12.
And a central protruding portion 100 extending from the rotating shaft surrounding portion 98 and having an outer diameter smaller than that of the rotating shaft surrounding portion 98. Of course, the central projection 100 also surrounds the rotating shaft 12.

The coil spring 72 surrounds the central projecting portion 100 of the second rotating portion 16, and has one end seated on one end surface of the rotating shaft surrounding portion 98 of the second rotating portion 16. When the rotating shaft 12 is stopped or rotating at a low speed, the second rotating portion 16 is positioned at the upper end by the elastic bias of the coil spring 72.

Here, the overall schematic configuration of the second rotating section 16 will be described in more detail with reference to FIG.

In the second rotating section 16, the rotating shaft surrounding section 9
8, three wall portions 102 separated from each other by 120 ° are formed, and screw through holes 88 (see FIG. 1) are provided in the wall portions 102. As described above, the through hole 88 for the screw includes the head 8 in FIG.
The shaft portion 80a of the screw 80 indicated by 0b passes therethrough (see FIG. 1).

A negative brush 26 and a positive brush 24 are installed in the second rotating portion 16 in this order from the inside in a concentric manner with the rotating shaft surrounding portion 98, and furthermore, on the same circle outside the positive brush 24. First to third positive brushes 28a to 28
c, first to third negative brushes 30a to 30c and first and second sub-brushes 34a and 34b are provided (see FIG. 2).

The first to third positive brushes 28a to 28c are arranged at a distance of 120 ° from each other, and the first to third negative brushes 30a to 30c are also arranged at a distance of 120 ° from each other. The positive brush and the negative brush are alternately arranged. In this case, the first sub-brush 34a is located substantially in the middle between the first negative brush 30a and the second positive brush 28b, while the second sub-brush 34b is substantially in the middle between the third positive brush 28c and the third negative brush 30c. It is located in.

Each of the brushes can move up and down. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the lower ends of the brushes are inserted into the brush boxes 104, respectively. A coil spring 106 is arranged inside the hollow of the brush box 104, one end of the coil spring 106 is seated on a seating member 108 installed on the inner bottom surface of the brush box 104, and the other end is It sits on the lower end of the brush. For this reason, each brush is constantly urged upward by the coil spring 106. On the other hand, when each brush is pressed from its upper end surface, each brush is directed downward into the brush box 104 by the contraction of the coil spring 106.

Of course, the sum of the resilient forces of the respective coil springs 106 is smaller than the resilient force of the coil spring 72 (see FIG. 1). Will not fall.

In this case, each brush is provided in the first columnar section 1.
10a and a second columnar portion 110b narrower than the first columnar portion 110a (see FIG. 3).
The length of each side of the opening 4 is smaller than the length of each side of the first columnar portion 110a. As a result, each brush is prevented from falling out of the brush box 104, and only the second columnar portion 110b protrudes from the opening of the brush box 104.

A plurality of step portions 112 are provided between the side peripheral wall of the second rotating portion 16 and the rotating shaft surrounding portion 98 (see FIG. 2), and the first diode 32a and the The second diodes 32b are each fixed.

As will be described later, the first to third positive brushes 28a to 28c are electrically connected to the positive brush 24, and the first to third negative brushes 30a to 30c are electrically connected to the negative brush 26. Connected. The first and second sub-brushes 34a and 34b are electrically connected to the positive brush 24 and the negative brush 26 via the first and second diodes 32a and 32b, respectively. Further, the positive brush 24 and the negative brush 26 are electrically connected to a positive electrode and a negative electrode of a battery (not shown), respectively.

The fixed plate 44 disposed above the second rotating portion 16 is accommodated in a cable fixing member 114 (see FIG. 1). The through holes 121 and 122 for passing the fan fixing member 120 (see FIG. 1) are formed in the respective central portions of the fixing plate 44 and the cable fixing member 114.
Are formed (see FIG. 2). The fixing plate 44 and the cable fixing member 114 do not rotate.

The fixing plate 44 is annular as shown in FIG. 2, and has a negative electrode 42, a positive electrode 40 and a commutator 38 which are insulated from each other in this order from the inside. Of these, the negative electrode terminal plate 124 and the positive electrode terminal plate 126 rise vertically from the upper end surfaces of the negative electrode element 42 and the positive electrode element 40, respectively.

The two terminal plates 124, 126 are connected to the cable terminals 130a, 1b by the cables 128a, 128b shown in FIG.
Each is electrically connected via 30b. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the negative terminal plate 124 and the cable 128a
A bolt 131 passing through a through hole (not shown) formed in each of the bolts 131a and a nut 1 screwed to the bolt 131
32 and are connected to each other. Similarly, the positive electrode terminal plate 1
26 and the cable 128b are also connected to each other (not shown).

The other ends of the cables 128a and 128b are
The battery is electrically connected to a positive electrode and a negative electrode of the battery (not shown). After all, the negative electrode 42 and the positive electrode 40
Are the cables 128a and 128b and the cable terminals 130
a, 130b, negative electrode terminal plate 124, positive electrode terminal plate 12
6 and electrically connected to the negative and positive electrodes of the battery, respectively.

The cable 128c engaged with the cutout groove 133 (see FIG. 2) formed by cutting out a part of the cable stopping member 114 electrically connects the second electromagnetic coil 22b and the pressure suppression rectifier (not shown). It is for making a connection.

As shown in FIG. 2, the commutator 38 has nine insulating regions (hereinafter referred to as first to ninth slits) 134.
a to 134i and nine conductive regions (hereinafter, referred to as first to ninth segments) 136a to 136i are alternately arranged. Among them, the first to ninth slits 134a-1
34i is formed wider than the first and second sub-brushes 34a and 34b. Each of the first to ninth segments 136a to 136i has a hook 96, and one end of one of the first to ninth electromagnetic coils 22a to 22i is attached to each hook 96 as described above. Locked. Thereby, the first to ninth segments 136a to 136a-1
36i is electrically connected to one end of each of the first to ninth electromagnetic coils 22a to 22i.

Here, the electrical connection between the battery and the brushes and the first to ninth electromagnetic coils 22
The electrical connection states of a to 22i will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 illustrates the battery,
The reference sign is B.

As described above, the battery B and the positive electrode 4
0 and the negative electrode 42 are electrically connected to each other via cables 128a and 128b. Therefore, the positive electrode brush 24 and the negative electrode brush 26 are
2 can be regarded as being electrically connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery B, respectively. 4, the first to third positive brushes 28a to 28c are electrically connected to the positive electrode brush 24, and the first to third negative brushes 30a to 30c are connected to the negative electrode brush 26. It is electrically connected. Furthermore, the first and second sub-brushes 34a, 3
4b is electrically connected to the positive brush 24 and the negative brush 26 via the first and second diodes 32a and 32b, respectively.

That is, in the first diode 32a, the cathode is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the battery B via the positive electrode brush 24, and the anode is connected to the first diode 32a.
It is electrically connected to the sub brush 34a. On the other hand, in the second diode 32b, the anode is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the battery B via the negative brush 26, and the cathode is electrically connected to the second sub-brush 34b.

On the other hand, the first to ninth electromagnetic coils 22a to 22a
Each end of i is engaged with a hook 96 of an adjacent segment via a slit. For example, each end of the first electromagnetic coil 22a is connected to the first and second segments 136.
a, 136b, and one end of the second electromagnetic coil 22b is locked to each hook 96 of the second and third segments 136b, 136c. The remaining electromagnetic coils 22c to 22i also conform to this.

The first to ninth electromagnetic coils 22
a to 22i constitute three sets of three-phase electric circuits including a U-phase, a V-phase, and a W-phase. Also, the first electromagnetic coil 22a
And the connection between the fourth electromagnetic coil 22d and the fourth segment 136d, and the connection between the fourth electromagnetic coil 22d and the fourth segment 136d.
The connection between the electromagnetic coil 22g and the seventh segment 136g is electrically connected through the equalizing line 140a. Further, the connection between the second electromagnetic coil 22b and the second segment 136b, the fifth electromagnetic coil 22e and the fifth segment 13
6e and the connection between the eighth electromagnetic coil 22h and the eighth segment 136h are electrically connected by the equalizing line 140b, and the third electromagnetic coil 22c is connected to the third electromagnetic coil 22c.
Connection with segment 136c, sixth electromagnetic coil 22f
A connection between the ninth electromagnetic coil 22i and the ninth segment 136i and a connection between the ninth electromagnetic coil 22i and the ninth segment 136i are electrically connected to the equalizing line 140c. This gives 3
The same phases of a set of three-phase electric circuits, that is, U phases,
V-phases and W-phases are electrically connected to each other.

As shown in FIG. 4, for example, when the first regular brush 28a faces the first segment 136a,
First negative brush 30a, first sub brush 34a, second positive brush 28b, second negative brush 30b, third positive brush 28
c, the second sub-brush 34b and the third negative brush 30c
Are the second slit 134b and the third slit 1 respectively.
34c, fourth segment 136d, fifth slit 134
e, seventh segment 136g, eighth segment 136h
And the eighth slit 134h.

The second rotating section 16 rotates in the direction of the arrow in FIG.

In the above configuration, the internal combustion engine case 46
A large-diameter opening end 142a of the sub-cover 142 is inserted between the fixing portion 20 and the fixing portion 20 (see FIG. 1), whereby the fixing portion 20 is centered. Further, the small-diameter opening end 142b of the sub cover 142 is
14 are fixed to the cable fixing member 114 by bolts 146 screwed into bolt holes 144 formed at intervals of 120 ° from each other.

As described above, the fan fixing member 120 passes through the fixing plate 44 and the through holes 121 and 122 of the cable fixing member 114 (see FIG. 1). A protruding portion 150 is formed on the lower end surface of the fan fixing member 120 so as to protrude. The protruding portion 150 is inserted into a fan fixing member insertion opening 68 formed in the small diameter portion 62 of the rotating shaft 12. .

The fan fixing member 120 is also hollow, and a bolt 15 is formed in a through hole 152 formed therein.
The shaft of No. 4 passes. This shaft portion further passes through a bolt insertion hole 66 of the rotating shaft 12, and the tip of the bolt 154 is screwed into a bolt hole 156 formed at the tip of the crankshaft 52 (see FIG. 1). .

That is, the fan fixing member 120 is connected to the crankshaft 52 via the bolt 154, and rotates integrally with the crankshaft 52 when the crankshaft 52 rotates. Thus, the fan (not shown) fixed to the fan fixing member 120 rotates. A radiator or the like is arranged at a position facing the fan, for example.

The rotating electric machine 10 according to the present embodiment is basically configured as described above. Next, the operation and effect thereof will be described.

First, when the rotating shaft 12 rotates at a low speed, the resilient force of the coil spring 72 is larger than the centrifugal force applied to the ball 78. Therefore, the second rotating unit 1
6 is elastically urged by the coil spring 72 and is located at the upper end. At this time, each brush is pressed by the fixed plate 44, so that the coil spring 106 arranged in the brush box 104 is contracted, and accordingly, each brush descends. That is, since each brush protrudes from the brush box 104 to the extent that it can slide on the fixed plate 44, the rotation of the second rotating unit 16 is not hindered by each brush.

Since the second rotating part 16 is located at the upper end, the positive brush 2
4. The negative electrode brushes 26 are in sliding contact with each other. And commutator 3
8, first to third regular brushes 28a to 28c,
The third to third brushes 30a to 30c and the first and second sub brushes 34a and 34b are in sliding contact with each other.

FIGS. 5 to 9 show schematic electrical explanatory diagrams in this case. In FIGS. 5 to 9, reference numerals L1 to L3 denote any three delta-connected three of the first to ninth electromagnetic coils 22a to 22i. Also, C1,
C2 is any 2 in the first to third positive brushes 28a to 28c.
A1 and A2 are first to third negative brushes 30a to 3
Any two in 0c. And S1 to S3 are the first
To ninth slits 134a to 134i, and G1 to G4 represent first to ninth segments 136a to 136.
6i. Further, K is an electromagnetic coil L
This is a pressure equalizing line for delta connection of 1 to L3. In addition,
Although not shown, the positive electrode of the battery B and the positive brushes C1, C2
Needless to say, the positive brush 24 is interposed between the negative brushes A1, A2, and the negative brush 26 is interposed between the negative brush and the negative brushes A1, A2.

First, in FIG. 5, the positive brushes C1, C
2 and the negative brush A1 are in sliding contact with the segments G1, G2, G4. In this case, the current supplied from the positive electrode of the battery B and output from the positive brush C1 to the segment G1 reaches the segment G2 via the electromagnetic coil L1 (see the arrow), is input to the negative brush A1, and is input to the negative brush A1. Flows to On the other hand, the current output from the positive brush C2 to the segment G4 reaches the segment G2 via the electromagnetic coils L3 and L2 (see the arrow), is input to the negative brush A1, and flows to the negative electrode of the battery B.

Then, as shown in FIG. 6, the rotation of the rotary shaft 12 causes the negative brush A1 to
When the sliding brush 3 starts sliding, the regular brush C1 moves to the segment G1.
Output reaches the segment G2 via the electromagnetic coil L1. Then, since the rear end of the negative brush A1 is in sliding contact with the segment G2, this current
1 and flows to the negative electrode of the battery B. On the other hand, at the moment when the negative brush A1 starts to slide on the segment G3, the current supplied to the electromagnetic coil L2 is input from the segment G2 to the negative brush A1, reaches the anode of the second diode 32b to the second sub brush 34b, The process returns to the electromagnetic coil L2 via G3 (see arrow).

As described above, the negative brush A1 has the segment G
The current supplied to the electromagnetic coil L2 at the moment when it starts sliding contact with the third brush returns to the electromagnetic coil L2 via the segment G2, the negative brush A1, the second diode 32b, the second sub brush 34b, and the segment G3. The spark does not scatter at the moment when starts sliding on the segment G3.

When each brush is displaced as the rotating shaft 12 further rotates, the negative brush A1 is separated from the segment G2 as shown in FIG. A part of the current supplied to the electromagnetic coil L1 at that moment is input from the segment G2 to the first sub-brush 34a, and the first diode 3
2a. Further, this partial current is
The voltage is output from the anode of the diode 32a to the positive brush C1, and returns to the electromagnetic coil L1 via the segment G1 (see the arrow).

In other words, the negative brush A1 has the segment G
A part of the electric current supplied to the electromagnetic coil L1 at the moment when the electromagnetic coil L1 separates from the segment G3, the segment G3, the first sub brush 34a, the first diode 32a, the positive brush C1,
3 and returns to the electromagnetic coil L1.
Does not scatter at the moment when is separated from the segment G2.

When the rotating shaft 12 further rotates and the positive brush C1 starts slidingly contacting the segment G3 as shown in FIG. 8, a part of the current supplied to the electromagnetic coil L2 at that moment is changed from the segment G3 to the first segment. It is input to one sub-brush 34a and reaches the anode of the first diode 32a. further,
This current is output from the cathode of the first diode 32a to the positive brush C1, and returns to the electromagnetic coil L2 via the segment G2 (see the arrow).

That is, the regular brush C1 is moved to the segment G3.
A part of the current supplied to the electromagnetic coil L2 at the moment when it starts sliding contact with the segment G3, the first sub-brush 34a, the first diode 32a, the positive brush C1, and the segment G
2 to the electromagnetic coil L2, so that the positive brush C1
The spark does not scatter at the moment when starts sliding on the segment G3.

When the rotary shaft 12 further rotates and the positive brush C1 separates from the segment G2 as shown in FIG. 9, a part of the current supplied to the electromagnetic coil L1 at that moment is removed from the segment G1 by the negative brush A2. Input to the second
The diode 32b reaches the second sub-brush 34b, and further returns to the electromagnetic coil L1 via the second sub-brush 34b and the segment G2 (see the arrow).

In this case, the positive brush C1 is connected to the segment G2.
A part of the current supplied to the electromagnetic coil L1 at the moment when the coil G1 separates from the segment G1, the negative brush A2, the second diode 32b, the second sub-brush 34b, and the segment G2
, The spark does not scatter at the moment when the positive brush C1 separates from the segment G2.

After all, at the moment when the negative brush A1 or the positive brush C1 starts to slide on or break away from an arbitrary segment, part of the current supplied to the electromagnetic coils L1 to L3 is reduced by the first and second diodes 32a and 32b. And the electromagnetic coils L1 to L3 via the first and second sub-brushes 34a and 34b.
Return to. For this reason, it is possible to prevent sparks from scattering from the negative brush A1 and the positive brush C1, and as a result, the negative brush A
Since the wear of the brushes 1 and C1 is significantly suppressed, the life of these brushes A1 and C1 is prolonged. Of course, the same applies to other positive brushes and negative brushes.

Further, the first and second sub-brushes 34a, 3a
Since the width of 4b is smaller than the widths of the slits S1 to S3, in any case, adjacent segments do not slide simultaneously through an arbitrary slit. Therefore, adjacent segments are not short-circuited.

When the rotating shaft 12 rotates at a high speed, the component of the centrifugal force applied to the ball 78 along the longitudinal direction of the rotating shaft 12 becomes larger than the elastic force of the coil spring 72. For this reason, the ball 78 is provided with the groove 82 formed in the disk 76 and the skirt-shaped cover 74.
Rolls or slides in the groove 83 formed in the inner wall of the tapered portion 74a of the skirt-shaped cover 74 to reach the equal-diameter portion 74b of the skirt-shaped cover 74. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 10, the disk 76 is pressed by the ball 78 and descends, and as a result, the screw 80
As a result, the second rotating portion 16 is drawn and descends along the side peripheral wall of the small diameter portion 62 of the rotating shaft 12. Thus, the first to third positive brushes 28a to 28c, the first to third negative brushes 30a to 30c, and the first and second sub brushes 34a, 3b
4b is separated from the commutator 38, and the positive brush 24 and the negative brush 26 are separated from the positive electrode 40 and the negative electrode 42, respectively. Eventually, each brush is electrically disconnected from battery B.

In this case, since the first rotating portion 14 is rotating, the permanent magnet 18 held by the first rotating portion 14 is rotated.
As a result, an induced voltage is generated in the electromagnetic coil (not shown) different from the first to ninth electromagnetic coils 22a to 22i. That is, the rotating electric machine 10 functions as a generator.

At this time, the first and second diodes 32a, 32
Since 2b is separated from commutator 38 as described above, it is inevitably electrically disconnected from battery B. Therefore, when the rotating electric machine 10 functions as a generator, as in the case where the first and second diodes are constantly connected to the battery, the battery B and the first and second diodes 32a and 32b are connected by the relay circuit. There is no need to electrically disconnect. That is, since there is no need to provide a relay circuit, the electric circuit can be simply configured.

As described above, in the rotating electric machine 10 according to the present embodiment, the first to third positive brushes 28a to 28c,
When the first to third negative brushes 30a to 30c are brought into sliding contact with the commutator 38, no spark is scattered. Moreover, when the rotating electric machine 10 functions as a generator, the first and second diodes 32a and 32b are electrically disconnected from the battery B. Even if the voltage exceeds
The battery B can be prevented from being damaged.

[0082]

As described above, according to the rotating electric machine according to the present invention, the sub-brush electrically connected to the diode is brought into sliding contact with the commutator. For this reason,
Sparks do not scatter when the positive brush or the negative brush slides on the commutator. Therefore, wear of each brush is significantly reduced, and as a result, the effect of extending the life of each brush is achieved.

In addition, when the rotating electric machine functions as a generator, the diode is electrically disconnected from the power supply.
Even when the induced voltage generated in the electromagnetic coil is equal to or higher than the withstand voltage of the power supply, the power supply can be prevented from being damaged.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall schematic configuration diagram of a main part of a rotary electric machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an overall schematic configuration diagram of a second rotating portion, a fixing plate, and a cable fixing member provided in the rotating electric machine of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an exploded enlarged vertical sectional view of a main part of a brush provided in the rotating electric machine of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic explanatory view showing an electrical connection state of each brush and each coil.

FIG. 5 is a schematic explanatory view showing a process in which a current flows in the rotating electric machine of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic explanatory view showing a process in which a current flows in the rotating electric machine of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a schematic explanatory view showing a process in which a current flows in the rotating electric machine of FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is a schematic explanatory view showing a process in which a current flows in the rotating electric machine of FIG. 1;

FIG. 9 is a schematic explanatory view showing a process in which a current flows in the rotating electric machine of FIG. 1;

10 is an overall schematic longitudinal sectional view of a main part of the rotary electric machine of FIG. 1, showing a state in which a second rotating part is lowered.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Rotating electric machine 12 ... Rotating shaft 14, 16 ... Rotating part 18 ... Permanent magnet 20 ... Fixed part 22a-22i, L1-L3 ... Electromagnetic coil 24 ... Positive brush 26 ... Negative brush 28a-28c, C1, C2 ... Positive brush 30a-30c, A1, A2 ... negative brush 32a, 32b ... diode 34a, 34b ...
Sub-brush 36 ... Elevating mechanism 38 ... Commutator 40 ... Positive electrode 42 ... Negative electrode 44 ... Fixing plate 50 ... Case 52 ... Crankshaft 72, 106 ... Coil spring 74 ... Skirt-shaped cover 76 ... Disk 78 ... Ball 80 ... Screw 96 ... Hook portion 104: brush box 110a, 110b: columnar portion 114: cable fixing member 120: fan fixing member 124: negative electrode terminal plate 126: positive electrode terminal plate 128a to 128
c: Cables 130a, 130b: Cable terminals 134a to 134i, S1 to 3: Slits (insulating areas) 136a to 136i, G1 to 4: Segments (conductive areas) 140a to c, K: Equalizing wires B: Battery

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Akiyoshi Shimizu 1-10-1 Shinsayama, Sayama-shi, Saitama Honda Engineering Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 5H605 BB05 CC07 CC09 EA23 EA26 EA29 EB35 5H613 AA08 BB15 BB23 BB27 GA13 GA15 TT06 5H623 AA03 BB03 BB07 GG13 GG16 GG19 HH01 HH05 HH10 JJ03 JJ06 JJ08 LL19

Claims (4)

[Claims] A rotating shaft, first and second rotating portions engaged with the rotating shaft to rotate integrally with the rotating shaft, a magnet held by the first rotating portion, A fixed portion surrounding the one rotating portion; an electromagnetic coil fixed to the fixed portion; a positive brush and a negative brush installed on the second rotating portion and electrically connected to a power source; A positive brush electrically connected to the positive brush and a negative brush electrically connected to the negative brush; a diode installed in the second rotating unit; and a second rotating unit. A sub-brush that is installed on the first and electrically connected to the diode, a lifting mechanism that moves the second rotating unit up and down, and an insulating region and a conductive region that is electrically connected to one end of the electromagnetic coil. With being arranged alternately A fixed plate having a commutator in which the positive brush, the negative brush, and the sub-brush slidably contact each other, a positive electrode in which the positive brush slidably contacts, and a negative electrode in which the negative brush slidably contacts. And each of the brushes functions as a motor when the brush comes into sliding contact with the fixed plate, and functions as a generator when each of the brushes and the fixed plate are separated from each other by lowering the second rotating part. Characteristic rotating electric machine. 2. The rotating electric machine according to claim 1, wherein the width of the insulating region in the commutator is equal to or greater than the width of the sub-brush. 3. The rotating electric machine according to claim 1, wherein the positive brush, the negative brush, the positive brush, the negative brush, and the sub brush are movable up and down. 4. The rotary electric machine according to claim 1, wherein a tip of a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine is inserted into said rotary shaft, and said rotary shaft is integrated with said crankshaft. A rotating electric machine characterized by a rotational operation.