CN218570042U - Electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a motor, belonging to the technical field of motors; the motor comprises a stator, an armature, a brush holder, a carbon brush, a commutator and a motor shell, wherein the motor shell comprises a main machine shell and an upper end cover, the upper end cover is arranged at one end, close to the commutator, of the main machine shell, an insulating sheath is arranged between the upper end cover and the stator, the brush holder is arranged on the upper end cover and is positioned inside the insulating sheath, the carbon brush is arranged at one side, close to the commutator, of the brush holder and is in contact with the commutator for conducting electricity, and a coil spring connected with the carbon brush is arranged on the brush holder; the brush holder and the carbon brush are arranged in the upper end cover in a mode of combining the upper end cover and the main case, so that the maintenance and the treatment are convenient; the arranged insulating sheath can prevent the motor shell from being punctured by sparks to cause tripping in the process of energy consumption braking, so that the braking effect is good, and the motor is protected from overshooting; the insulating sheath is provided with the cell body, makes things convenient for other structures to pass, plays certain guard action to other structures.

Description

Electric machine

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of electric machines, in particular to motor.

Background

When the isolating switch is used by the motor, the braking effect of the motor is poor, overshoot exists, namely, the motor cannot stop rotating immediately due to inertia when the motor is powered off, the switch stop position is deviated, and the gear in the motor is damaged due to impact caused by the overshoot. Dynamic braking is a widely used electric braking method. When the motor is separated from the three-phase alternating current power supply, the direct current power supply is connected to the two-phase winding of the stator immediately, and direct current flows through the winding to generate a static direct current magnetic field. At this time, the rotor of the motor cuts the dc magnetic flux, and an induced current is generated. Under the interaction of the static magnetic field and the induced current, a braking torque which hinders the rotation of the rotor is generated, so that the rotating speed of the motor is rapidly reduced, and the purpose of braking is achieved. When the rotating speed is reduced to zero, no relative motion exists between the rotor conductor and the magnetic field, the induced current disappears, the motor stops rotating, the direct current power supply is cut off, and the braking is finished.

Because sparks between the carbon brush and the commutator are large during energy consumption braking, the abrasion of the carbon brush is accelerated, and the service life of the motor is short; carbon powder is accumulated due to abrasion of the carbon brush, the shell is metal, sparks at the commutator are large during dynamic braking, and the commutator is conducted with the metal shell to break down to cause tripping. As shown in fig. 1 of the attached drawings, in the prior art, a motor includes a carbon brush, an armature, a bearing and a metal casing, when dynamic braking is performed, an instantaneous current is large, an arc is generated between the carbon brush and an armature commutator, and the arc is conducted with metal parts such as the bearing or the casing, and at this time, a circuit is protected, and a switch is tripped.

In conclusion, the prior art can not solve the problem that when the motor is subjected to energy consumption braking, sparks at the commutator are large, and the commutator is conducted with the metal shell and broken down to cause tripping.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model discloses an overcome above technical problem, provide a motor, the spark of commutator department is very big when solving energy consumption braking, switches on with the metal casing and punctures the problem that arouses the tripping operation.

In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme of the utility model as follows: the utility model provides a motor, the motor includes stator, armature, brush yoke, carbon brush, commutator and motor housing, motor housing includes mainframe shell and upper end cover, the one end that the commutator is close to at the mainframe shell is installed to the upper end cover, be provided with insulating sheath between upper end cover and the stator, the brush yoke is installed on the upper end cover and is located inside the insulating sheath, the carbon brush is installed and is close to one side of commutator and electrically conducts with the commutator contact at the brush yoke, install the coil spring of being connected with the carbon brush on the brush yoke.

The stator, the armature, the brush holder, the carbon brush and the commutator in the motor are all positioned in the motor shell, the armature is positioned at the inner side of the stator, the commutator is arranged at the front end of the armature, the carbon brush is contacted with the commutator under the action of the elastic force of the coil spring, and the commutator is contacted with the carbon brush to conduct electricity so as to change alternating current in an armature winding into direct current among the carbon brushes; at the upper end cap and

an insulating sheath is arranged between the stators to protect the main machine shell, when energy consumption braking is carried out, sparks are generated between the carbon brush and the commutator, and the prior art is easy to be conducted with the metal shell of the motor and broken down to cause tripping operation, and the insulating sheath is arranged

The motor is insulated, the influence of sparks on the metal shell can be prevented, the braking effect of the motor is good, the motor does not overshoot, the motor gear cannot be damaged due to impact, and the service life of the motor is prolonged.

Preferably, the insulating sheath is made of nylon-66, so that the flame retardance is enhanced, and the insulating sheath can resist high temperature.

Preferably, the upper end cover is provided with a bearing mounting groove, the bearing mounting groove is located at the middle part of the upper end cover and is located below the brush holder, a bearing is mounted in the bearing mounting groove, a through hole is formed in the middle part of the brush holder and used for electricity

The front end of the armature penetrates through the bearing, and the front end of the armature is connected with the bearing; the carbon brush and the commutator can play a certain isolation role to prevent the spark arcing from influencing the bearing during dynamic braking.

Preferably, an insulating lining is arranged above the bearing, and the insulating lining can better prevent spark arcing from striking the bearing to cause breakdown.

Preferably, the outer diameter of the insulating sheath is matched with the inner diameter of the main engine shell, and the inner diameter of the insulating sheath is larger than that of the main engine shell

The outer diameter of the stator and the shape of the insulating sheath are matched with the motor shell, so that the stator can be attached to the motor shell to the maximum extent, the content space can be saved, and the structural stability of the motor can be kept; the inside position that is used for covering the production spark, covers the position that commutator and carbon brush contact produced the spark influence promptly, can effectual protection motor casing, satisfies the protection condition.

Preferably, the insulation sheath is provided with a stator lead through groove for stator leads

Passes through the space between the motor shell and the insulating sheath; the motor stator lead wire protective sleeve is used for penetrating a stator lead wire and can protect the stator lead wire, the stator lead wire penetrates the outer side of the insulating sheath, the position of sparks generated by the carbon brush and the commutator is not needed, internal space is reasonably arranged, and the stator lead wire is effectively and regularly arranged, so that good wire arrangement is realized

When the protective action of (2) needs to be dismantled and replaced, the stator lead wire is conveniently taken out from the fixed stator lead wire through groove, and the colleges and universities are convenient and fast. Preferably, the stator lead through groove is a square groove, and the stator lead through groove is also applicable to groove bodies with other shapes and is similar to the stator lead through groove

The number of the required stator leads is matched with the total diameter, and the size, the position and the number of the slots can be set according to actual requirements.

Preferably, an inner hole is formed in one side, close to the upper end cover, of the insulating sheath and is used for being connected with the brush holder in a locating mode, and therefore position deviation between the insulating sheath and the carbon brush and the commutator is better prevented.

Preferably, the upper end cover is connected with the main case through a connecting rod, and the upper end cover is connected with the main case through a connecting rod, so that the upper end cover is convenient to disassemble; the connecting rod can adopt a bolt rod, and two ends of the connecting rod are respectively connected with the inside of the main case and the upper end cover of the motor case and used for fixing the position between the upper end cover and the main case, so that the structures such as a brush machine, a carbon brush and the like and the commutator are fixed in position, and the operation of the motor is stabilized.

Preferably, the connecting rods are arranged in two and symmetrically, and the number of the connecting rods can be specifically limited according to the structure.

Preferably, the connecting rod sets up along the motor axial, and the connecting rod link up the motor both ends for the upper end cover is connected more stably with overall structure.

Preferably, the insulating sheath is provided with a positioning through groove matched with the connecting rod, and the positioning through groove is used for the connecting rod to penetrate and connect the upper end cover with the main case, so that the whole structure is supported and fixed.

Preferably, the positioning through groove is an arc-shaped groove and is matched with the structure of the connecting rod, so that the space is saved.

Preferably, the coil spring is arranged at one end of the brush holder far away from the center of the commutator, is too close to the commutator, is disabled by high temperature generated by sparks, and influences the performance of the coil spring.

Preferably, the coil spring is 6mm from the commutator.

Preferably, the resistivity of the carbon brush is 390u Ω m, sparks are large during braking, and a material with relatively high resistivity is adopted, so that the higher the resistivity is, the more beneficial the spark suppression is, and the suppression spark is beneficial to the motor.

Preferably, the type of the carbon brush is H-8.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses technical scheme's beneficial effect is:

the utility model provides a motor, which adopts the mode that the upper end cover is combined with the main machine shell, and arranges the brush holder and the carbon brush in the upper end cover, thereby facilitating the maintenance and treatment; the arranged insulating sheath can prevent the motor shell from being punctured by sparks to cause tripping in the process of energy consumption braking, so that the braking effect is good, and the motor is protected from overshooting; the insulating sheath is provided with a groove body, so that other structures can conveniently penetrate through the insulating sheath, and the insulating sheath plays a certain role in protecting the other structures; the insulating lining arranged on the bearing prevents spark arcing from striking the bearing to cause breakdown.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art motor configuration;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the explosion structure of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the upper end cover of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the explosion structure of the upper end cap of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the insulating sheath of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic side view of the insulating sheath of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along line B-B;

wherein: 1. a motor; 2. a main chassis; 3. an upper end cover; 4. an insulating sheath; 5. a coil spring; 6. a bearing mounting groove; 7. a bearing; 8. an insulating lining; 9. a connecting rod; 10. positioning the through groove; 101. a stator; 102. an armature; 103. a brush holder; 104. a carbon brush; 105. a commutator; 106. a motor housing; 401. a stator lead through slot; 402. an inner bore; 100. a carbon brush of the prior art; 200. prior art armatures; 300. prior art bearings; 100. metal chassis of the prior art.

Detailed Description

The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the patent; for the purpose of better illustrating the present embodiments, certain elements of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted. In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", and the like, indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are used for descriptive purposes only and to simplify the description, rather than to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and that "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any number of technical features indicated; nor does it indicate the importance of the parts and should it be understood as limiting the invention.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically coupled, may be electrically coupled or may be in communication with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific dimensions used in the present embodiment are only for illustrating the technical solution, and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

The technical solution of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

Example 1:

referring to fig. 1 to 9, an electric motor 1, includes a stator 101, an armature 102, a brush holder 103, a carbon brush 104, a commutator 105, and a motor housing 106, wherein: the motor casing 106 comprises a main casing 2 and an upper end cover 3, the upper end cover 3 is installed at one end of the main casing 2 close to the commutator 105, an insulating sheath 4 is arranged between the upper end cover 3 and the stator 101, a brush holder 103 is installed on the upper end cover 3 and located inside the insulating sheath 4, a carbon brush 104 is installed at one side of the brush holder 103 close to the commutator 105 and is in contact with the commutator 105 for conducting electricity, and a coil spring 5 connected with the carbon brush 104 is installed on the brush holder 103.

The stator 101, the armature 102, the brush holder 103, the carbon brushes 104 and the commutator 105 in the motor 1 are all positioned in the motor shell 106, the armature 102 is positioned inside the stator 101, the commutator 105 is installed at the front end of the armature 102, the carbon brushes 104 are contacted with the commutator 105 under the action of the elastic force of the coil spring 5, the commutator 105 is contacted with the carbon brushes 104 to conduct electricity, so that alternating current in windings of the armature 102 is changed into direct current among the carbon brushes 104, the above structures all adopt the structures in the prior art, and the above structures can be known by persons skilled in the art and are not the main protection content of the present application;

the motor casing 106 comprises a main machine casing 2 and an upper end cover 3, the main machine casing 2 and the upper end cover 3 can be fixedly connected or movably connected, the upper end cover 3 is arranged to fix the positions of the brush holder 103 and the carbon brush 104 conveniently, and the production is convenient; when the motor is movably connected, the carbon brush 104 is convenient to replace, and the motor 1 is convenient to maintain; the insulating sheath 4 is arranged between the upper end cover 3 and the stator 101 to protect the main case 2, when energy consumption braking is carried out, sparks are generated between the carbon brush 103 and the commutator 105, the motor is easy to conduct with a metal case of the motor and break down to cause tripping in the prior art, the insulating sheath 4 is arranged to be insulated, the sparks can be prevented from influencing the metal case, the braking effect of the motor 1 is good, the motor does not overshoot, the motor gear is not damaged due to impact, and the service life of the motor is prolonged.

Example 2:

on the basis of embodiment 1, referring to fig. 4 to 6, the upper end cover 3 is provided with a bearing installation groove 6, the bearing installation groove 6 is located in the middle of the upper end cover 3 and below the brush holder 103, a bearing 7 is installed in the bearing installation groove 6, a through hole is formed in the middle of the brush holder 103 for the front end of the armature 102 to pass through, and the front end of the armature 102 is connected with the bearing 7.

The bearing 7 is arranged in the upper end cover 3 and is located below the brush holder 103, so that space is saved, and when certain isolation effect is achieved with the carbon brush 104 and the commutator 105 to prevent energy consumption braking, spark arcing influences the bearing 7, and the upper end cover 3 is convenient to remove, so that when the bearing 7 needs to be replaced, the upper end cover 3 only needs to be taken down firstly, and the bearing 7 in the bearing mounting groove 6 is taken out and replaced, so that the operation is convenient.

In a further embodiment, an insulating lining 8 is arranged above the bearing 7, the insulating lining 8 is arranged on the bearing 7, the front end of the armature 102 penetrates through the middle of the insulating lining 8 to be connected with the bearing 7, a certain gap is formed between a through hole in the insulating lining 8 and the front end of the armature 102, and the insulating lining 8 can better prevent spark arcing from striking the bearing 7 to cause breakdown.

In a further embodiment, the coil spring 5 is disposed on the brush holder 103 at an end away from the center of the commutator 105, and when the coil spring 5 is located too close to the commutator 105, sparks are applied to the coil spring 5 during dynamic braking to reduce the life of the coil spring 5, and the high temperature generated by the sparks affects the performance of the coil spring 5.

In a further embodiment, the specific resistance of the carbon brush 104 is 390u Ω m, and the carbon brush 104 having a slightly larger specific resistance is selected, so that the contact resistance of the commutator 105 and the carbon brush 104 is increased, which is more advantageous for spark suppression.

Example 3:

on the basis of embodiment 1, referring to fig. 7 to 9, the outer diameter of the insulating sheath 4 is adapted to the inner diameter of the main chassis 2, and the inner diameter of the insulating sheath 4 is larger than the outer diameter of the stator 101. The insulating sheath 4 plays a role in protecting the motor shell 106, the outer diameter of the insulating sheath is matched with the inner diameter of the main machine shell 2, the insulating sheath is tightly attached to the main machine shell, the mounting is convenient, the inner space can be enlarged, the inner diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the stator 101, the carbon brush 104 and the commutator 105 are prevented from being affected, and the inner space is efficiently utilized.

In a further embodiment, the insulating sheath 4 is provided with a stator lead through groove 401, and the stator lead through groove 401 is used for the stator lead to pass through between the motor casing 106 and the insulating sheath 4, is used for the stator lead to pass through, can protect the stator lead, and can be positioned on the guard plate of the stator 101 to be stable.

In a further embodiment, an inner hole 402 is formed in one side of the insulating sheath 4 close to the upper end cover 3 and is used for positioning and connecting with the brush holder 103, so that the relative position of the insulating sheath and the brush holder 103 is conveniently fixed, and the position deviation between the insulating sheath and the carbon brush 104 and the commutator 105 is better prevented, which results in failure in protection.

Example 4

On the basis of the foregoing embodiment, the upper end cover 3 is connected with the main case 2 through the connecting rod 9, and is convenient to detach, and the connecting rod 9 is axially arranged along the motor 1 and extends from one end to the other end to be connected, so that the connection between the upper end cover 3 and the main case 2 is more stable.

In a further embodiment, the insulating sheath 4 is provided with a positioning through groove 10 matched with the connecting rod 9, the positioning through groove 10 is used for the connecting rod 9 to pass through and connect the upper end cover 3 with the main chassis 2, and the other end of the main chassis 2 passes through and is connected with the insulating sheath 4 and the main chassis 2, so that the whole structure is supported and fixed; the connecting rods 9 can be arranged in two and are symmetrically arranged.

It is obvious that the above embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not limitations to the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An electric machine, the electric machine (1) comprising a stator (101), an armature (102), a brush holder (103), a carbon brush (104), a commutator (105) and a machine housing (106), characterized in that: motor casing (106) include mainframe shell (2) and upper end cover (3), install in mainframe shell (2) one end that is close to commutator (105) upper end cover (3), be provided with insulating sheath (4) between upper end cover (3) and stator (101), brush yoke (103) are installed on upper end cover (3) and are located inside insulating sheath (4), carbon brush (104) are installed and are close to one side of commutator (105) and electrically conduct with commutator (105) contact brush yoke (103), install coil spring (5) of being connected with carbon brush (104) on brush yoke (103).

2. An electric machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the upper end cover (3) is provided with a bearing mounting groove (6), the bearing mounting groove (6) is located in the middle of the upper end cover (3) and is located below the brush holder (103), a bearing (7) is mounted in the bearing mounting groove (6), a through hole is formed in the middle of the brush holder (103) and used for the front end of the armature (102) to pass through, and the front end of the armature (102) is connected with the bearing (7).

3. An electrical machine according to claim 2, wherein: an insulating lining (8) is arranged above the bearing (7).

4. An electric machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the outer diameter of the insulating sheath (4) is matched with the inner diameter of the main case (2), and the inner diameter of the insulating sheath (4) is larger than the outer diameter of the stator (101).

5. An electrical machine according to claim 4, wherein: the insulating sheath (4) is provided with a stator lead through groove (401), and the stator lead through groove (401) is used for enabling a stator lead to penetrate between the motor shell (106) and the insulating sheath (4).

6. An electric machine as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: an inner hole (402) is formed in one side, close to the upper end cover (3), of the insulating sheath (4) and is used for being connected with the brush holder (103) in a positioning mode.

7. An electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the upper end cover (3) is connected with the main case (2) through a connecting rod (9).

8. An electric machine as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: the insulating sheath (4) is provided with a positioning through groove (10) matched with the connecting rod (9), and the positioning through groove (10) is used for the connecting rod (9) to penetrate and connecting the upper end cover (3) with the main case (2).

9. An electric machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the coil spring (5) is arranged at one end of the brush holder (103) far away from the center of the commutator (105).

10. An electric machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the specific resistance of the carbon brush (104) is 390u omega m.

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