JP2001280608A - Lance and method for controlling combustion flame - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a means for supplying a combustion flame with a desired heat quantity distribution in a rotary kiln. SOLUTION: A nozzle tip 12 is provided with a combustion flame shaping means for shaping the outer shape of the combustion flame so that a combustion length L of the combustion flame becomes short and a maximum diameter D of a combusting range of the combustion flame becomes large. The combustion flame shaping means is constituted by forming a jetting portion 123 of the nozzle tip 12 into a shape of funnel or by adding a spindle-shaped member to the nozzle tip 12. The outer shape of the combustion flame can be readily controlled by preparing a plurality of nozzle tips capable of giving a variety of shapes to the outer flame, and changing the nozzle tips.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a lance for supplying a liquid material, and more particularly to a lance for supplying a liquid material to a rotary kiln.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a rotary kiln provided in an industrial waste treatment facility, a wide variety of liquids, solids, and mixtures thereof are combusted. In particular, liquid waste
It is supplied to a lance provided in a rotary kiln, and is discharged into the kiln as combustion flame from a nozzle end of the lance. Solid waste and the like are charged into the inside of the rotary kiln by means other than the lance, and are burned inside the kiln. The remainder of this combustion (incineration ash) is discharged from the kiln outlet in a molten state.

[0003] In order to properly burn or melt these wastes, the amount, composition, physical properties, burned materials, burning rate, etc. of each waste are appropriately combined, and the temperature distribution inside the rotary kiln is adjusted. It needs to be uniform.

[0004] However, during actual operation, it is difficult to thoroughly control the waste due to variations in the burning rate of the waste, and as a result, the temperature inside the rotary kiln becomes non-uniform. A so-called dam ring is generated in a portion having a relatively low temperature. Here, the dam ring is formed by growing a slag layer inside a rotary kiln so as to protrude from a specific portion in a radial direction of the kiln,
If such a dam ring occurs, waste will not be continuously transferred to the outlet side, and further problems such as further unevenness in the temperature inside the kiln will be caused.

[0005] In order to prevent or eliminate such a dam ring, the combustion flame discharged from the nozzle tip is adjusted so that a relatively low temperature portion inside the kiln or a relatively thick portion of the slag layer is formed. It is effective to supply a large amount of heat while supplying a small amount of heat to a relatively high temperature portion or a thin portion of the slag layer.

Conventionally, such adjustment of the combustion flame has been performed by adjusting the supply amount (flow rate) of the liquid waste supplied to the lance.

[0007]

However, according to the conventional method, the combustion flame is generated by removing the waste supplied to the lance while substantially maintaining the relationship between the length of the combustion flame and the diameter of the combustion flame. It only changes according to the supply amount (flow rate). That is, the combustion flame cannot be directed to a specific location by the conventional method.

As a result, in a portion far from the lance, a portion supplied with a large amount of heat relatively changes, but in a portion near the lance, a relatively small amount of heat is supplied, so that a dam ring near the lance is supplied. Was difficult to remove.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide means capable of supplying a combustion flame with a desired calorific value distribution to the inside of a rotary kiln.

[0010]

The present invention provides the following lance as means for solving the above-mentioned problems. The lance is mainly invented as being provided in a rotary kiln, but can be used for other purposes.

That is, according to the present invention, there is provided a lance having a nozzle having a nozzle tip, the nozzle tip having an ejection portion for ejecting a combustible liquid material, and supplying the lance with the nozzle. In a lance for discharging the discharged liquid material from the ejection portion to the outside of the lance in a state where the liquid material is burned to form a combustion flame, the nozzle tip includes a combustion length of a combustion flame from the ejection portion and a maximum diameter of a combustion range. Lance characterized by comprising combustion flame shaping means for shaping the lance.

[0012] The combustion flame shaping means may include, for example, a structure in which the shape of the flow path of the liquid material in the ejection section is straight and the combustion flame is simply discharged outside the lance. It is for shaping the shape of the combustion flame so that the length is short and the diameter of the combustion flame is large.

Here, it is desirable that the nozzle tip is detachable from the main body of the nozzle. In this case, the shape of the combustion flame can be easily adjusted by preparing a plurality of nozzle tips capable of shaping the outer shape of the combustion flame into various shapes and exchanging them.

[0014] The combustion flame shaping means can be constituted by the shape of the nozzle tip itself or the shape of an additional member provided for the nozzle tip.

[0015] For example, in the above-mentioned lance, the combustion flame shaping means is constituted by making the shape of the flow path of the liquid material in the jetting portion into a funnel shape expanding toward the outlet of the flow path. It is good to do.

A portion corresponding to a conventional nozzle tip may be a nozzle tip body, and a weight-shaped portion may be additionally provided to the nozzle tip body. Here, the weight-shaped portion is provided on the nozzle chip body such that the top of the weight-shaped portion faces the ejection portion provided on the nozzle chip body. As such a weight-like portion, for example, a conical shape may be mentioned.

Further, the nozzle tip further comprises three or more metal rods, one end of which is welded to the nozzle tip body, and the other end of the metal rod is provided with a bottom of the weight portion. It may be good. In this case, a threaded portion is provided for each of the metal bars, and a plurality of pairs of nuts corresponding to the threaded portions are further provided. If the nut is used to attach the weight portion to the metal bar, the position of the nut is changed. The adjustment makes it possible to adjust the positional relationship between the weight and the nozzle tip body.

The combustion flame shaping mechanism may be constituted by a combination of the shape of the nozzle tip itself and a weight added thereto.

[0019]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A lance according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

(First Embodiment) As shown in FIG. 1, a lance 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention is provided for a rotary kiln 2 for treating industrial waste. The liquid waste is supplied to the lance 1 and discharged into the rotary kiln 2 as a combustion flame. In FIG. 1, L and D indicate the combustion length and the maximum diameter of the combustion range. Specifically, the combustion length L of the combustion flame
Is the length from the tip of the lance 1 (that is, the tip of the nozzle described later) to the tip of the combustion flame, and the maximum diameter D of the combustion range
Is the diameter of the most widespread part of the combustion flame.

Solid waste and the like are separately charged into the rotary kiln 2. This solid waste or the like is burned or melted by the combustion flame released from the lance 1 or by the high temperature of the rotary kiln.
A part of the molten solid 4 and a part of the molten solid 4 form a slag layer 3 on the inner peripheral surface of the rotary kiln 2, and the rest flows out of the rotary kiln 2 to the outside of the kiln while being melted. The melted solids and melted solids that have flowed out are carried out by the slag conveyor 5 and undergo further processing.

As understood from the shape of the combustion flame, the portion having the largest amount of heat in the vicinity of the inner peripheral surface of the rotary kiln 2 is the portion where the diameter of the combustion range of the combustion flame is the largest. Conversely, the vicinity of the lance 1 and the like is a portion where the diameter is small and the amount of supplied heat is small compared to other portions. Therefore, slag which is to be melted and transferred to the outlet side is accumulated around the periphery, and the dam ring 6 is easily formed.

In such a case, in order to increase the diameter of the combustion flame near the lance 1, the lance 1
Is provided with a nozzle 10 as shown in FIGS.

The nozzle 10 has a nozzle body 11 and a nozzle tip 12 which is provided detachably therefrom. As is clear from FIG. 3, the nozzle tip 12 in the present embodiment is
It can be attached and removed by the screw structure.
In FIG. 3, the nozzle tip 12 is partially cut away.

More specifically, the nozzle tip 12 in the present embodiment has a sectional structure as shown in FIG. That is, the nozzle tip 12 includes, as a flow path for the liquid waste, a supply path 121 that leads to the liquid waste supply port of the lance 1, an ejection section 123 that ejects the liquid waste to the outside of the lance as a combustion flame, and a supply path. And a communication path 122 connecting the ejection section 123 and the ejection section 123.

The ejection portion 123 has a funnel shape that expands toward the outlet. The combustion length L of the combustion flame emitted from the nozzle tip 12 and the maximum diameter D of the combustion range depend on the spread angle θ of the funnel shape at the ejection part 123. The spread angle θ is, for example, 30 degrees, 45
Degree, 60 degrees, 80 degrees or 90 degrees, and the larger the spread angle θ, the shorter the combustion length L of the combustion flame and the larger the maximum diameter D of the combustion range. As a result, the diameter D1 in the vicinity of the combustion flame ejection portion 123 becomes a nozzle tip having a straight flow path as shown in FIG.
Compared to the diameter D2 when simply ejected from 100).
The amount of heat required to eliminate the dam ring 6 can also be supplied to the vicinity of the lance 1.

As shown in FIG. 6, the nozzle tip 12 may have a tapered portion 124 between the supply channel 121 and the communication channel 122. Also,
In the present embodiment, the cross-sectional shape in the direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the liquid waste in the ejection section 123 may be formed so as to expand toward the vicinity of the outlet. When viewed from the front, the shape may be a polygon as shown in FIG.

(Second Embodiment) A lance 1 according to a second embodiment of the present invention is a modified example of the lance according to the first embodiment, and is a nozzle tip according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, additional means including a weight 70 and a metal rod 80 are added to the structure of FIG. Hereinafter, in order to distinguish the nozzle tip 12 from the additional means, the nozzle tip body 12 will be referred to as a nozzle tip body 12, and the nozzle tip body 12 and the additional means as a whole will be referred to as a nozzle tip.

In the present embodiment, the weight 70 has a conical portion as shown in FIG. 8 so that the top 71 faces the ejection portion 123 of the nozzle tip body 12. Then, it is added to the nozzle tip body 12. More specifically, the conical portion 70 has a bottom portion 7 of a conical portion.
2 has a disk-shaped portion 73. One end of each of the three metal rods 80 is welded to the disc-shaped portion 73.
The other ends of the three metal rods 80 are further welded to the nozzle tip body 12. Thus, the weight 7
No. 0 is attached to the nozzle tip body 12 with the top 71 facing the ejection section 123 as described above.

By having such a weight 70, as shown in FIG. 9, liquid waste discharged as a combustion flame from the ejection portion 123 is distributed to the top, bottom, left and right of the weight 70. Will be done. As a result, the diameter of the combustion flame near the lance can be further increased, and the amount of heat near the lance can be further increased. More specifically, if a shape having a smaller apex angle (that is, a shape having a relatively sharp tip) is selected as the shape of the weight 70, the combustion length L becomes longer and the maximum diameter D of the combustion range becomes smaller, so that the apex angle becomes smaller. Is selected, the combustion length L can be shortened and the maximum diameter D of the combustion range can be increased. Further, by attaching the weight portion 70 so as to be closer to the nozzle tip body 12, the combustion length L can be further reduced and the maximum diameter D of the combustion range can be further increased.

The conical portion 70 is desirably a conical shape as in this embodiment, but may be a polygonal conical shape such as an octagonal pyramid.

The weight 70 may not have the disk 73 as shown. in this case,
The metal rod 80 is directly welded to the bottom 72 of the cone-shaped portion.

Further, as shown in FIG.
0 may include an ear portion 74 instead of the disk-shaped portion 73. In the present embodiment described above, three ear portions 74 are provided so as to protrude radially outward from the bottom portion 72 of the weight portion 70 in correspondence with the three metal rods. In particular, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, since the metal rods are arranged at equal intervals, the ears 74 are arranged at 120-degree intervals correspondingly.

When the weight 70 is fixed to the nozzle tip body 12 with the metal rod 80 as described above, the metal rod 80
Considering the stability of the conical portion 70, it is preferable that the number is three or more.

The weight 70 may be attached to the nozzle tip body 12 by means other than the metal rod 80.

(Third Embodiment) A lance according to a third embodiment of the present invention is a further modification of the lance according to the second embodiment described above, and is shown in FIGS. 11 and 12. As described above, the weight-shaped portion 70 has a configuration in which the weight-shaped portion 70 is attached to the metal bar 80 by a pair of nuts 90.

More specifically, one end of each metal rod 80 is welded to the nozzle tip body 12, and the other end is threaded. Further, holes 75 corresponding to the respective metal rods 80 are formed in the disk-shaped portion 73 of the weight-shaped portion 70. In this state, a nut 91 is fitted to the metal rod 80, and then the metal rod 80 is passed through the hole 75 of the disk-shaped portion 73, and then a nut 92 is fitted to the metal rod 80 to obtain a disc-shaped metal rod 80. The portion 73 is sandwiched between a pair of nuts 90 (91, 92), whereby the weight portion 70 is fixed to the nozzle tip body 12.

According to this configuration, by adjusting the position of the pair of nuts 90, the positional relationship of the weight 70 with respect to the nozzle tip body 12 can be adjusted. As a result, the combustion length L of the combustion flame can be adjusted. In addition, it is possible to easily adjust the maximum diameter D of the combustion range.

In the second and third embodiments, similarly to the first embodiment, a tapered shape is provided between the supply channel 121 and the communication channel 122 in the nozzle tip body 12. May be provided.

Further, the shape of the ejection portion 123 may be, for example, a polygonal shape.

The cross section of the ejection section 123 in the direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the liquid waste may be any shape as long as it expands toward the vicinity of the outlet. For example, as shown in FIG. May be polygonal when viewed from the front of the exit.

As shown in FIG. 13, the weight 70 is
Instead of the disc-shaped portion 73, the ear portion 74 provided with the hole 75 may be provided. This modification corresponds to the modification shown in FIG. 10 in the second embodiment.

Further, in the second and third embodiments, the nozzle tip body 12 may be a straight nozzle. Even in this case, the weight 7
By the action of 0, the profile of the combustion flame can be adjusted.

[0044]

As described above, according to the present invention,
By providing a mechanism to adjust the outer shape of the combustion flame, such as making the ejection part a funnel shape or adding a cone-shaped portion to the nozzle tip, the outer shape of the combustion flame is shaped, and a predetermined amount is also provided near the lance. Of heat can be supplied.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a rotary kiln having a lance according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a nozzle provided in the lance according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a partially cutaway sectional view of the nozzle shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the nozzle tip shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a straight nozzle as a comparison object.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a modified example of the nozzle tip shown in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a front view showing another modified example of the nozzle tip shown in FIG. 4;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a nozzle provided in a lance according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the nozzle tip shown in FIG.

FIG. 10 is a view showing a modification of the weight portion shown in FIG. 8;

FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a nozzle provided in a lance according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the nozzle tip shown in FIG.

FIG. 13 is a view showing a modified example of the weight portion shown in FIG. 11;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Lance 2 Rotary kiln 3 Slag layer 4 Molten solid matter and molten solidified material 5 Slag conveyor 6 Dam ring 10 Nozzle 11 Nozzle main body 12 Nozzle tip (nozzle tip main body) 121 Supply path 122 Communication path 123 Spouting part 70 Plummet 71 Top 72 Bottom 73 Disc-shaped part 74 Ear part 75 Hole 80 Metal rod 90 A pair of nuts

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI theme coat ゛ (reference) F27D 3/16 F27D 3/16 A

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A lance provided with a nozzle having a nozzle tip, wherein the nozzle tip has an ejection portion for ejecting a combustible liquid material, and the liquid material supplied to the lance is supplied to the lance. In a lance for discharging the lance from the ejection portion to the outside of the lance in a state where the combustion flame is formed, the nozzle tip includes a combustion flame for shaping a length of the combustion flame from the ejection portion and a diameter of the combustion flame. A lance comprising shaping means. 2. The combustion flame shaping means according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the flow path of the liquid material in the ejection portion is straight and the combustion flame is simply discharged to the outside of the lance. The lance according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the combustion flame is shaped so that the length is short and the diameter of the combustion flame is large. 3. The combustion flame shaping means, wherein the shape of the flow path of the liquid material in the ejection section is configured to be a funnel shape that expands toward an outlet portion of the flow path. The lance according to 1 or 2. 4. The nozzle tip comprises: a nozzle tip main body having the jetting portion; and a weight-shaped portion provided outside the nozzle tip main body such that a top portion faces the jetting portion. The lance according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the combustion flame shaping means is constituted by the ejection portion and the weight portion. 5. The nozzle tip further includes three or more metal rods, one end of which is welded to the nozzle tip main body, and the other end of the metal rod is provided with a bottom of the weight portion. The lance according to claim 4, wherein the lance is provided. 6. The nozzle tip includes a pair of nuts for each of the metal rods, the other end of the metal rod is threaded for the nuts, and the bottom of the weight-shaped portion is provided. A hole corresponding to the metal rod is formed in the metal rod, and the weight portion is formed by passing the metal rod through the corresponding hole and sandwiching both sides of the hole with the pair of nuts. The lance according to claim 5, wherein the lance is fixed to the other end. 7. The lance according to claim 4, wherein the ejection portion has a funnel shape that expands toward an outlet portion of the liquid material flow path. 8. A lance according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of nozzle tips are provided, each of which can shape a combustion flame into a different shape, and one of the nozzle tips is formed from the plurality of nozzle tips. A method of adjusting a combustion flame, wherein a shape of the combustion flame is adjusted by selecting a chip and attaching the chip to the nozzle.