JP2001278105A - Crawler traveling vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To miniaturize and simplify the drive structures of right and left traveling crawlers 2, perform the miniaturization and weight saving of a transmission case 23, and reduce the manufacturing costs of the case 23. SOLUTION: In a crawler traveling vehicle, the transmission case 23 is fitted with a combination of a motor 69 and a variable speed pump 68 having a hydraulic stepless speed change structure and a combination of a steering pump 70 and a motor 71. Rectilinear and turning driving forces are transferred through the medium of right and left planetary gear mechanisms 80 to the crawler 2. The combination of the pump 68 and the motor 69 and the combination of the pump 70 and the motor 71 are disposed in a manner opposite to each other on the facing side surfaces of the case 23.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a crawler traveling vehicle such as a combine or plowing tractor or a field management vehicle for continuously cutting and threshing grain culms in a field.

[0002]

Conventionally, a variable speed pump and motor having a continuously variable hydraulic structure for driving left and right traveling crawlers in the same direction, and a steering pump having a continuously variable hydraulic structure for driving left and right traveling crawlers in opposite directions. And a motor mounted on a transmission case that transmits driving force to the traveling crawler via a planetary gear mechanism, and controls the pumps and motor outputs for shifting and steering by operating the steering handle and the shift lever, thereby controlling both the left and right traveling crawlers. There is a technique of moving forward and backward and turning while transmitting the driving force to the vehicle. However, in the prior art, a gear mechanism for transmitting the speed change motor output and a gear mechanism for transmitting the steering motor output need to be provided in the transmission case. There is a problem that it is not easy to reduce the size and weight of the device and to reduce the manufacturing cost.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention provides a transmission pump and a motor having a hydraulic continuously variable transmission structure, a steering pump and a motor mounted on a transmission case, and a straight traveling crawler through a left and right planetary gear mechanism. A gear mechanism for transmitting a speed change motor output and a steering motor output in which a speed change pump and a motor, a steering pump and a motor are disposed on the opposite side of a transmission case in a crawler traveling vehicle that transmits turning drive force. Gear can be easily installed on the same axis, and the number of mounting shafts for the straight and swivel systems that drive the left and right traveling crawlers can be easily reduced. It is possible to easily reduce the size and weight of the transmission case and the manufacturing cost.

Further, a continuously variable transmission output gear connected to the transmission motor and a continuously variable steering output gear connected to the steering motor are provided sharing the same input shaft. Therefore, it is possible to easily reduce the size and weight and reduce the manufacturing cost.

Further, an auxiliary transmission gear mechanism for transmitting the transmission motor output and a steering gear mechanism for transmitting the steering motor output at a reduced speed are provided by sharing the same transmission shaft, and the number of transmission shafts of the transmission case is reduced. It is possible to easily reduce the size and weight and reduce the manufacturing cost.

Further, a straight gear transmitting the output of the variable speed motor and a left and right differential gear transmitting the output of the steering motor are provided sharing the same counter shaft. It is possible to easily reduce the weight and the manufacturing cost.

Further, a sub-transmission gear mechanism is provided so as to be offset to the transmission motor mounting side surface of the transmission case, and a turning gear mechanism is provided to be offset to the steering motor installation side surface of the transmission case. The axes of the mounting shafts of the revolving gear mechanism can be easily matched, and the number of mounting shafts of the transmission case can be reduced to easily reduce the size and weight and the manufacturing cost.

[0008]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 is an overall side view of the combine, Fig. 2
Is a plan view of the same, in which (1) is a track frame on which a pair of left and right traveling crawlers (2) are mounted, (3) is a machine frame installed on the track frame (1), and (4) is a feed chain. A threshing unit which stretches (5) to the left and incorporates a handling cylinder (6) and a processing cylinder (7), and (8) a cutting unit provided with a cutting blade (9) and a grain culm transport mechanism (10). , (11) is a hydraulic lifting cylinder that raises and lowers the cutting unit (8) via the cutting frame (12), (13) is a straw processing unit that faces the end of the straw chain (14), and (15) is a threshing unit A grain tank for carrying the grains from (4) through a frying cylinder (16);
(17) is a discharge auger for carrying out the grains of the tank (15) out of the machine, (18) is a driver's cab provided with a round steering handle (19) and a driver's seat (20), and (21) is a driver's cab. The engine is provided below the seat (20), and is configured to continuously cut and threat grain stalks.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 6, a steering column (21) is provided on a front upper surface of the cab (18).
The steering handle (19) is attached to the upper side of the upper surface of the steering column (21) so as to be rotatable around the longitudinal axis, and the side column (2) is mounted on the left side of the cab (18).
2), a transmission case (23) is disposed below the side column (22), and the main transmission lever (24), the auxiliary transmission lever (25), the reaping clutch lever (26), and the threshing clutch lever (27) are arranged. Attach it to the side column (22). The steering column (21) is
It is formed by molding an aluminum alloy casting, and is formed into a hermetically sealed box by fastening it with a plurality of bolts in a two-split structure that can be divided into right and left.

The steering handle (19) is connected to the upper end of a handle shaft (28), and the handle shaft (28) is rotatably supported above the steering column (21). The upper end of the steering input shaft (29) is rotatably supported at the upper part, and the gear (30) of the handle shaft (28) and the sector gear (31) of the steering input shaft (29) are meshed with each other. ) And (29) are connected, and the steering input shaft (29) is extended vertically at substantially the center inside the steering column (21).

Further, the steering column (21)
A bearing member (32) is detachably fixed to the left and right sides at substantially the center of the vertical width, and one end of the transmission input shaft (33) is rotatably supported by the bearing member (32) via a bearing in a cantilever manner. The input shaft (33) is supported substantially horizontally in the left-right direction, and a universal joint (34) is provided at the lower end of the steering input shaft (29).
, The upper end of the input fulcrum shaft (35) is connected, the input member (36) is fixed to the input fulcrum shaft (35), and the input member (36) is rotatably mounted on the speed change input shaft (33). The input connector (37) is detachably fixed to the input member (36), and the input member (36) is rotatably supported on the speed change input shaft (33) via a bearing. The steering input shaft (29) is rotatably supported at the center thereof. The forward / reverse rotation of the steering input shaft (29) causes the input member (36) to rotate forward / reverse around a substantially vertical axis of the input shaft (29). The input fulcrum shaft (35) and the input member (36) are rotated around the center line of the substantially horizontal input shaft (33) by the forward / reverse rotation of the speed change input shaft (33) to tilt forward and backward. Further, a universal joint (34) is attached to the intersection of the vertical steering input shaft (29) core and the left and right horizontal transmission input shaft (33) core at right angles, and the steering input of the steering handle (19) is provided. The input member (36) and the input connector (37) are rotated forward and reverse around the axis of the steering input shaft (29) by the forward / reverse operation of the shaft (29).

Further, the steering column (21)
The main transmission shaft (38) is rotatably supported on the lower front side of the
The left end of the main transmission shaft (38), which extends substantially horizontally in the left-right direction, protrudes to the left outside of the steering column (21), and is rotatable on the machine base (3) below the side column (22). The main transmission shaft (38) is connected to the provided intermediate shaft (39) via a rod (40), and the main transmission lever (24)
The main transmission shaft (38) is rotated forward and backward by a speed change operation of swinging the lever around the lever fulcrum shaft (41) in the front-rear direction. A main transmission shaft (38) is connected to a transmission input shaft (33) via a transmission arm (42) and a link (43), and the main transmission shaft (38) of the main transmission lever (24) is rotated forward and reverse to operate the main transmission shaft (38). The input member (36) is tilted back and forth about the center line of the transmission input shaft (33).

Further, a steering output shaft (44) having a cylindrical shape is rotatably mounted on the main transmission shaft (38), and the steering output link (45) is fixed to the steering output shaft (44).
Connect the upper end of the steering rod (46) to the input connector (37).
To the steering output link (4) via the universal joint (47) and the lower end of the steering rod (46) via the ball joint.
5) and a steering mechanism (4)
8).

Further, a speed change output shaft (49) is rotatably supported above the steering output shaft (44) substantially in parallel with the shaft (44) inside the steering column (21), and a speed change output link ( 50) is fixed to the transmission output shaft (49), the upper end of the transmission rod (51) is connected to the input connector (37) via a universal joint (52), and the transmission rod is connected via a ball joint. The lower end of (511) is connected to the transmission output link (50) to constitute a transmission mechanism (53) for changing the traveling speed and switching between forward and backward.

Further, the inner steering operation shaft (54) and the outer speed change operation shaft (55) of a double shaft structure rotatable with respect to each other.
Is mounted rotatably at the center of the left and right widths on the lower rear side of the steering column (21). The transmission output shaft is provided via a ball-and-joint joint shaft (56) of variable length and transmission links (57) (58). The upper end of the speed change operation shaft (55) is connected to (49), and the steering output shaft (44) is connected via a ball joint joint shaft (59) and a steering link (60) (61) whose length is adjustable. To the upper end of the steering operation shaft (54).

The operating shafts (54) and (55) are erected substantially vertically on the same axis at the bottom of the steering column (21), and the upper ends of the operating shafts (54) and (55) are connected to the steering column (55). 21) Each output shaft (44) extended inside
(49) and the steering column (2
1) The lower ends of the operating shafts (54) and (55) are protruded below the bottom surface, and the lower ends of the operating shafts (54) and (55) are extended below the operator boarding step of the cab (20). The speed change operation shaft (5) through a vehicle speed link (62).
5) A vehicle speed rod (63) is connected to the lower end,
The turning rod (65) is connected to the lower end of the steering operation shaft (54) via the turning link (64).

Further, as shown in FIGS. 7 to 14, a transmission and steering case (66) (67) of a hydraulic unit structure is detachably fixed to the left and right side surfaces of the upper part of the transmission case (23). Variable speed pump (6)
8) and the motor (69), the steering pump (70) and the motor (71) are installed in each of the cases (66) and (67), and the input pulley (73) is attached to the pump shaft (72) of the transmission pump (68). ) And the input shaft (74), the output shaft of the engine (21) is connected, and the steering pump (7) is connected.
0) and the hydraulic gear pump (75) are connected to the pump shaft (7).
2) and each pump (68) (70) (75) is operated by the driving force of the engine (21).

Further, a sprocket (76) for driving the traveling crawler (2) is fixed to the axle (77), and the left and right axles (77) are pivotally supported on the transmission case (23) via the left and right axle cases (78). The transmission final shaft (79) and the left and right planetary gear mechanism (80) are provided on the same axle between the left and right axles (77), and the planetary gear mechanism (80) is provided with the transmission final shaft (79). A sun gear (81), a ring gear (82) that is rotatably supported on the axle (77), a carrier (83) that is fixed to the axle (77), the sun gear (81) and a ring gear (82). And three planetary gears (85) meshing with the inner gear (84) of the final shaft (7).
9) An end is rotatably supported by the carrier (83), and a planet gear (85) is rotatably supported by a pinion shaft (86) for press-fitting one end of the carrier (83) into the carrier (83).

Further, inside the transmission case (23), an input shaft (87) and an auxiliary transmission input and output shaft (8) are provided.
8) (89), a parking brake (91) that supports the counter shaft (90) and brakes the left and right traveling crawlers (2) is provided on the auxiliary transmission output shaft (89), and the input shaft (8)
The variable speed continuously variable output gear (92) is supported by the idle rotation at 7), and the output gear (92) is connected to the motor shaft (93) of the variable speed motor (69) by the gear (94). Also, the output gear (92) is connected to a sub-transmission input shaft (88) by a gear (95), and the sub-transmission input and output are transmitted through high and low sub-transmission gears (96) and (97) that are switched by a sub-transmission lever (25). The shafts (88) and (89) are connected, and the linear gear (98) fixed to the counter shaft (90) is connected to the sub-transmission output shaft (89) with the gear (99), and the counter shaft (90)
Gear (98) is connected to the transmission final shaft (79) by a gear (100), and a straight driving force is transmitted to the left and right axles (77) via the left and right planetary gear mechanisms (80). (2) is driven in the same direction and at the same speed to move forward or backward.

A steering continuously variable output gear (101) fixed to the input shaft (87) is connected to a motor shaft (102) of the steering motor (71) by a gear (103). And the output shafts (88) and (89) have the steering gears (104) and (105) rotatably supported thereon, and the steering gear (104) on the auxiliary transmission input shaft (88) is connected to the input shaft (8).
7) is connected to the gear (106). The counter shaft (90) is provided with left and right differential gears (107) and (108) for free rotation, and the steering gear (10) on the auxiliary speed change output shaft (89).
5) is engaged with the left differential gear (107), and the left differential gear (1) is engaged with the outer gear (109) of the left ring gear (82).
07) to transmit the forward rotation output to the left axle (77) and to rotate the reverse rotation shaft (1) in the transmission case (23).
The steering gear (105) on the auxiliary transmission output shaft (89) is connected to the right differential gear (108) through the reverse gears (111) and (112) provided in the right ring gear (8).
The right differential gear (108) is meshed with the outer gear (109) of (2), the reverse rotation output is transmitted to the right axle (77), and the left and right axle (77) is driven to rotate via the left and right planetary gear mechanism (80). By transmitting a force, the left and right traveling crawlers (2) are driven in the opposite direction at the same speed to make a right and left turning travel.

As described above, the variable speed pump (68), the motor (69) and the steering pump (70) having the hydraulic continuously variable transmission structure.
And a motor (71) attached to the transmission case (23), and a crawler traveling vehicle that transmits straight and turning drive force to the left and right traveling crawler (2) via the left and right planetary gear mechanism (80). The variable speed pump (68) and the motor (69) and the steering pump (70) and the motor (71) are arranged to face each other on the opposite side,
A gear mechanism for transmitting the output of the speed change motor (69) and a gear mechanism for transmitting the output of the steering motor (71) are installed on the same axis, and the number of shafts for the straight traveling system and the turning system for driving the left and right traveling crawlers (2) is determined. Reduce left and right traveling crawler (2)
It is intended to reduce the size and weight of the transmission case (23), reduce the manufacturing cost, etc., and to reduce the size and weight of the transmission case (23). The steering continuously variable output gear (101) connected to the transmission case (23) is provided sharing the same input shaft (87), and the input shaft (8) of the transmission case (23) is provided.
7) Reduce the number, reduce the size and weight, and reduce the manufacturing cost.

A sub-transmission gear (96) (97) for transmitting the output of the transmission motor (69), and a steering motor (71)
The steering gears (104) and (105) for transmitting the output at a reduced speed are connected to the sub-transmission input and output shafts (8
8) (89) is shared, and the mission case (2
3) Sub-transmission input and output shafts (88) (89) The number of shafts (88) (89) is reduced to reduce the size and weight and to reduce the manufacturing cost, etc., and a linear gear (98) for transmitting the output of the transmission motor (69).
And a differential gear (1) for transmitting the output of the steering motor (71).
07) (108) are provided sharing the same counter shaft (90), and the counter shaft (9) of the transmission case (23) is provided.
0) The number of the transmission gears is reduced to reduce the size and weight and the manufacturing cost.
7) A mechanism is provided, and the revolving gear (104) is shifted to the side of the transmission case (23) where the steering motor (71) is mounted.
(105) A mechanism is provided, and the sub-transmission gears (96) (9) are provided.
7) The mounting shaft cores of the mechanism and the revolving gear (104) (105) mechanism are easily matched, and the number of mounting shafts of the transmission case (23) is reduced to reduce the size and weight and reduce the manufacturing cost.

Further, as shown in FIG. 14, the gear pump (75) is hydraulically connected to a lifting / lowering valve (113) for controlling the operation of the lifting / lowering cylinder (11), and an operation in a transmission case (23) serving also as an oil tank. The gear pump (75) sucks oil through the suction filter (114), and is supplied to the lifting cylinder (11).
5) The mowing section (8) is raised by the PTO hydraulic pressure, and the pumps (68) and (70) and the motor (69) are raised.
(71) is hydraulically connected by the main oil passages (115) and (116), and the main oil passages (115) and (116) are provided with charge oil passages (117) and (118) for supplying hydraulic oil. (117) The gear pump (7) is connected to (118) through the tank port of the lift valve (113).
5) is hydraulically connected to the main oil passages (115) and (116).
To supply charge oil from the gear pump (75).

Further, as shown in FIG. 10, the control shaft (119) of the variable speed pump (68) for controlling the output by changing the swash plate angle is projected to the upper side of the transmission case (23) and fixed to the control shaft (119). Linear arm (12
0), the vehicle speed rod (63) is connected, the speed change pump (68) is accelerated / decelerated and forward / reverse output controlled by operating the main speed change lever (24), and the left and right traveling crawlers (2) are driven in the same direction at the same speed. When the steering pump (19) is operated in a straight-ahead state, the speed change pump (68) is decelerated and output controlled, and the steering wheel (19) is driven.
The rotation speed (vehicle speed) of the speed change motor (69) is changed in proportion to the turning angle (turning radius) of the motor.

As shown in FIG. 12, the control shaft (1) of the steering pump (70) for controlling the output by changing the swash plate angle is used.
21) is projected to the upper side of the transmission case (23),
A swing arm (12) fixed to the control shaft (121)
The swivel rod (65) is connected to 2). The steering pump (70) is operated in a straight-ahead state to control the speed of the steering pump (70) to increase / decrease and to control the forward / reverse rotation. A brake turn in which the right and left traveling crawlers (2) are driven in the same direction while turning in the opposite direction to make a left or right turn, or a left or right turning by turning the inside traveling crawler (2) in the reverse direction. In addition to performing the spin turn, the operation of the main shift lever (24) controls the acceleration / deceleration output of the steering pump (70) in proportion to the output of the shift pump (68). The speed ratio between the turning outer traveling crawler (2) and the turning inner traveling crawler (2) is maintained substantially constant, and the vehicle speed (machine speed) is maintained in a state in which the turning radius is maintained substantially constant similarly to the operation of the accelerator pedal of a four-wheeled vehicle. To change the central rate).

[0026]

As is apparent from the above embodiments, the present invention relates to a transmission case (23) including a variable speed pump (68) and a motor (69) and a steering pump (70) and a motor (71) having a hydraulic continuously variable transmission structure. ) And transmits a straight and turning drive force to the left and right traveling crawlers (2) via the left and right planetary gear mechanisms (80).
A gear mechanism for transmitting the output of the speed change motor (69) and a gear mechanism for transmitting the output of the steering motor (71), in which the motor (69), the steering pump (70), and the motor (71) are arranged to face each other. Can be easily installed on the same axis,
The number of mounting shafts of the straight traveling system and the turning system for driving the left and right traveling crawlers (2) can be easily reduced, and the driving structure of the left and right traveling crawlers (2) can be made compact and simplified, and the transmission case (23) can be reduced in size and weight and manufactured. It is possible to easily reduce costs and the like.

The continuously variable transmission output gear (92) connected to the transmission motor (69) and the continuously variable steering output gear (101) connected to the steering motor (71) are connected to the same input shaft (87). And the number of input shafts (87) of the transmission case (23) can be reduced to facilitate reduction in size and weight and reduction in manufacturing cost.

A sub-transmission gear (96) (97) for transmitting the output of the transmission motor (69) and a steering motor (71)
A steering gear (104) (105) mechanism for reducing and transmitting the output is provided sharing the same transmission shaft (88) (89), and the transmission shaft (88) of the transmission case (23) is provided.
(89) It is possible to easily reduce the size, weight and manufacturing cost by reducing the number.

The same counter shaft (90) is used for the straight gear (98) transmitting the output of the speed change motor (69) and the left and right differential gears (107) (108) transmitting the output of the steering motor (71). The number of the counter shafts (90) of the transmission case (23) can be reduced to easily reduce the size and weight and reduce the manufacturing cost.

Further, the auxiliary transmission gear (96) is shifted to the side of the transmission case (23) where the transmission motor (69) is mounted.
(97) A mechanism is provided, and the revolving gear (10) is shifted to the side of the transmission case (23) where the steering motor (71) is mounted.
4) A mechanism provided with a (105) mechanism, wherein the auxiliary transmission gears (96) and (97) and a turning gear (104) (105)
The axes of the mounting shafts of the mechanism can be easily matched, and the number of mounting shafts of the transmission case (23) can be reduced, so that reduction in size and weight and reduction in manufacturing cost can be easily achieved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a combine.

FIG. 2 is an overall plan view of the combine.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory perspective view of a traveling speed change and steering operation unit.

FIG. 4 is a side view of a steering column.

FIG. 5 is a front view of the same.

FIG. 6 is a partial plan view of the same.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a transmission case.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of the upper part.

FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of the lower portion.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a traveling speed change gear train.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view of the same.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of a steering gear train.

FIG. 13 is a sectional view of the same.

FIG. 14 is a shift and steering hydraulic circuit diagram.

[Explanation of symbols]

 (2) Traveling crawler (23) Transmission case (68) Variable speed pump (69) Variable speed motor (70) Steering pump (71) Steering motor (80) Planetary gear mechanism (87) Input shaft (88) Secondary speed input shaft (Transmission shaft) (89) Secondary transmission output shaft (transmission shaft) (90) Counter shaft (92) Variable speed continuously variable output gear (96) (97) Secondary variable gear (98) Straight running gear (101) Steering continuously variable output Gear (104) (105) Slewing gear (107) (108) Differential gear

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Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A crawler traveling vehicle in which a variable speed pump and a motor, a steering pump and a motor having a hydraulic stepless transmission structure are mounted on a transmission case, and the straight traveling and turning driving force is transmitted to a left and right traveling crawler via a left and right planetary gear mechanism. A crawler traveling vehicle characterized in that a variable speed pump and a motor and a steering pump and a motor are arranged to face each other on an opposite side surface of a transmission case. 2. The stepless continuously variable output gear connected to the variable speed motor and the steering continuously variable output gear connected to the steering motor are provided sharing the same input shaft.
A crawler traveling vehicle according to claim 1. 3. A sub-transmission gear mechanism for transmitting a transmission motor output, and a steering gear mechanism for transmitting a steering motor output in a reduced speed,
The crawler traveling vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the same transmission shaft is shared. 4. The crawler traveling vehicle according to claim 1, wherein a straight-moving gear transmitting the output of the speed change motor and a left and right differential gear transmitting the output of the steering motor share the same counter shaft. . 5. The transmission gear according to claim 1, wherein an auxiliary transmission gear mechanism is provided so as to be offset to a transmission motor mounting side surface of the transmission case, and a turning gear mechanism is provided to be offset toward the steering motor mounting side surface of the transmission case. A crawler traveling vehicle as described.