JP2001269681A - Environment cleaning material prepared from refuse solid fuel, and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a means for promoting the consumption of a refuse solid fuel obtaining by processing refuse especially from a standpoint of environmental protection by developing a new field capable of efficiently utilizing the fuel. SOLUTION: Cement is mixed into the carbonaceous powder obtained by dry-distillating the refuse solid fuel formed into a prescribed shape by crushing, drying and forming the refuse, and the mixture is formed, thereby obtaining the environment cleaning material.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an environmental purification material produced from solid fuel obtained by crushing, drying, and molding refuse.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, various technologies for treating and utilizing garbage have been developed in which combustible garbage is sorted and collected from waste, so-called garbage, and then the garbage is crushed, dried and formed into a solid fuel. I have. For example, Japanese Patent Nos. 2865541 and 2981399 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No.
-86569.

That is, after crushing garbage such as municipal garbage, household garbage, industrial waste and municipal waste, the garbage is dried to reduce the water content in the garbage to remove metals, glass, pottery and the like. After sorting, it is formed into a predetermined shape, for example, a crayon shape, to obtain a solid fuel.

[0004] The solid waste fuel is used as a heat source for cooling and heating of various facilities and as a fuel for power generation. Equipment investment such as equipment renovation is required. On the other hand, the amount of refuse generated every day is steadily increasing, and it is desired to increase the production of refuse solid fuel in proportion to this from the viewpoint of environmental conservation.

[0005]

However, as described above, at present, facilities for utilizing refuse solid fuel are not sufficiently prepared. It is meaningless.

[0006] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to propose a means for promoting the consumption of refuse solid fuel by opening up a new place for utilizing the refuse solid fuel, particularly from the viewpoint of environmental conservation.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems The inventors of the present invention have sought to utilize solid waste fuel in a manner that is useful for environmental protection, and have found that it can be used as a purification material for polluted environments, especially for swamps, lakes and rivers. Water and other water resources such as the sea are becoming increasingly polluted year after year due to the incorporation of industrial wastewater and domestic wastewater, which has become a serious social problem. He came to realize that the use as a purification material was significant.

[0008] Carbonaceous materials such as charcoal are rich in biocompatibility and form a biofilm on the surface, and therefore have a sewage purification function, and are used for purification of golf course wastewater and city sewage. (See JP-A-52-56754 and JP-A-8-295578). In view of such a background, the inventors of the present invention have eagerly researched a method for contributing to further purification of the garbage solid fuel, which was born from environmentally friendly refuse treatment, and found that the garbage solid fuel was converted to a carbonaceous material. It was further found that by giving an appropriate shape, it can function as a purification material for sewage.

That is, the gist configuration of the present invention is as follows. (1) from refuse solid fuel characterized by being prepared by mixing a binder with carbonaceous powder obtained by carbonizing refuse solid fuel, which has been processed into a predetermined shape through crushing, drying and molding of refuse, Environmental purification material made.

(2) An environmental purification material made from solid refuse according to (1), wherein the carbon content of the carbonaceous powder is 30 to 70 mass%.

(3) An environment-purifying material made from refuse solid fuel according to (1) or (2), wherein the binder content is 5 to 70 mass%.

(4) In the above (1), (2) or (3),
An environmental purification material made from refuse solid fuel, characterized in that it is granular or lump having a diameter of 0.5 to 50.0 mm.

(5) The refuse is crushed, processed into a refuse solid fuel having a predetermined shape by drying and molding, and the refuse solid fuel is subjected to dry distillation to obtain a carbonaceous powder, and a binder is added to the carbonaceous powder. A method for producing an environmental purification material, which comprises mixing, then granulating, and then drying and solidifying.

(6) The method for producing an environment-purifying material according to (5), wherein the carbonaceous powder is subjected to a water-washing treatment prior to blending the binder with the carbonaceous powder.

[0015]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail. The environmental purification material of the present invention is a refuse solid fuel that has been processed into a predetermined shape through crushing, drying and molding of refuse,
It is obtained by mixing a binder with carbonaceous powder obtained by carbonization.

Now, when the solid fuel composed of refuse such as municipal refuse, household refuse, industrial waste and general waste is carbonized, a carbonaceous powder having a typical composition shown in Table 1 is obtained. This carbonaceous material is rich in biocompatibility and forms a biofilm on its surface, so it is effective for purification of sewage. However, if the powder is used as it is, it is difficult for the powder to flow into the sewage area without settling, thereby fulfilling its role. Therefore, in order to stop at the sewage area and form a biofilm on the surface to help purification, it is necessary to mix a binder with the carbonaceous powder and form it into a shape having a certain size and weight, at least in a granular or massive form. It is vital.

[0017]

[Table 1]

Here, the binder has a function of intervening between the particles of the carbonaceous powder and binding the particles, and is preferably of a type that bonds by filling the voids between the particles. That is, when this kind of binder is used, the aggregate of carbonaceous powder bound via the binder, that is, the environmental purification material, has a high porosity, resulting in an increase in surface area, and the carbonaceous powder comes into contact with sewage. Since the area for cleaning increases, a high purification capacity can be obtained. Such binders include cement, gypsum and clay. In particular, cement exhibits strength at a content of about 10 mass%,
It is recommended because a necessary and sufficient strength can be obtained at about 30 mass%.

Conversely, a type which acts as a film when wrapping particles of carbonaceous powder when acting as a binder is not suitable. That is, as an environmental purification material, the carbonaceous powder needs to be exposed on the surface, but if the carbonaceous powder is covered with a binder, the exposed area of the carbonaceous powder decreases,
The original function is not exhibited. Examples of this type of binder include water glass and resin, and it is preferable to avoid using it.

The environment-purifying material formed by mixing the binder with the carbonaceous powder to form a granule or a lump has a mass necessary to precipitate when put into a sewage area. Can be. In addition, since the environment-purifying material has a structure in which a carbonaceous material adheres around the binder, a biofilm is formed on the carbonaceous material, so that the microorganism is purified here. Furthermore, the same effect as activated carbon, which directly adsorbs pollutants on carbonaceous materials, can be expected.

Here, it is preferable to use a carbonaceous powder constituting the environmental purification material having a C content of 30 to 70 mass%. That is, the C content of the carbonaceous powder is 30
If it is less than mass%, the purifying function is reduced, while the C content is 70 ma.
If it exceeds ss%, it becomes a carbonaceous powder with a high volatile content, and when used as an environmental purification material, oil may be eluted in water and cause water pollution. Therefore, 70 mass% or less, preferably 60 mass% or less. The following is assumed.

It is advantageous that the content of the binder in the environment-purifying material is 5 to 70 mass%. If the content of the binder is less than 5 mass%, sufficient strength cannot be obtained after the binder is mixed with the carbonaceous powder and granulation and molding are performed, and the particle or sphere cannot be maintained. on the other hand,
If the content of the binder exceeds 70 mass%, the amount of carbonaceous powder is reduced and the purification function is reduced, and the amount of inexpensive carbonaceous powder used is reduced, which is uneconomical. More preferably, it is set to 10 to 30 mass%.

Furthermore, the diameter of the environmental purification material is 0.5 to 5
It is preferably 0.0 mm. If the diameter is less than 0.5 mm, there is a risk of water pollution and loss due to the water flow. On the other hand, when the diameter exceeds 50.0 mm, the specific surface area decreases and the purification function also decreases. More preferably, 1.0 to
The range is 30.0 mm. Then, in order to avoid water pollution and runoff due to the water flow, at the time of molding by granulation, a diameter is selected from the diameters in the above range, and the particulate matter having a diameter in a predetermined range is 90% or more of the whole. Or sieving the resulting granules to exclude those out of range.

As shown in Table 1 above, the components of carbonaceous materials obtained by carbonizing refuse solid fuel are exemplified by the fact that chlorine is inevitable in carbonaceous materials obtained from general refuse. The environmental purification material produced from the carbonaceous material is optimally used for sea pollution. However, it is of course possible to apply the environmental purification material to freshwater pollution by removing chlorine as described below. In addition, there is a great constructional advantage that the environmental purification material can be constructed simply by spraying it on the required sea area or water area.

Furthermore, the environmental purification material of the present invention has an effect of adsorbing contaminants by carbon and, as shown in Table 1, contains C, Ca and K which are plant nutrient elements. It is also possible to use. That is, when the environmental purification material is sprayed on the soil, the bacteria can be propagated in the pores of the carbonaceous material, so that the soil can be activated. When used as such a soil conditioner, it is advantageous to use an environment-purifying material with a diameter of 3.0 mm or less.

Next, the method for producing an environmental purification material of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. First, FIG.
An example of a production facility for producing carbonaceous powder from refuse through refuse solid fuel is shown below. In FIG. 1, the production of the refuse molding is shown by a process diagram A, and the subsequent dry distillation of the refuse molding is shown by a schematic diagram. FIG.
In the process diagram A, reference numerals 1 and 6 denote a crusher, 2 denotes a dryer, 3 denotes a molding machine, 4 denotes a foreign matter separating machine, 5a and 5b denote magnetic separators, 10 denotes a carbonization furnace, and 11 denotes a carbonization furnace. Gas combustion device, 12 is a boiler, 12a and 12b are water tube group, 13
a and 13b are heat exchange means, 14 is a refuse storage hopper for refuse, 15 is a quantitative feeder for refuse solid fuel such as a screw feeder, 16 is a hopper for storing carbonaceous powder after carbonization, 17
Is an afterburner, 18 is a combustion air fan, 19 is a combustion air supply pipe, 19a is a combustion air supply header, 20 is a steam supply pipe to the dryer 2, 21 is a combustion gas quenching device, 22 is a package boiler, 23 is pure oxygen, oxygen-enriched air supply piping,
24 chimney 25 a combustion gas supply pipe to the dryer 2, CV is the flow rate control valve, the conveying direction of the f ₁ Wagomi, conveying direction f ₂ Wagomi solid fuel, f ₃ is the discharge direction of the carbonaceous powder Show.

It is preferable to use a heating furnace such as an internal combustion oscillating kiln as the carbonization furnace 10, but the type of the carbonization furnace 10 is not particularly limited. Further, as a heat exchange means 13a between the steam generated in the boiler 12 and the refuse in the refuse dryer 2, it is preferable to provide an indirect heat exchanger between the refuse and the refuse in order to prevent oxidization of the refuse. The means is not limited as long as it can prevent oxidation.

In the manufacturing facility shown in FIG. 1, general waste such as county city waste and household waste, industrial waste, general waste, and shredder dust obtained by crushing home electric appliances, automobile parts, and the like are used. From garbage, foreign matter sorting machine 4
And metal, glass and ceramics are removed by the magnetic separator 5a. Thereafter, the obtained refuse mainly composed of combustibles is crushed by the crusher 1 and dried using steam from the boiler 12 as a heat source.

Next, the dried refuse is crushed again,
The metal is removed by the magnetic separator 5b as necessary, and then molded by the molding machine 3 to produce refuse solid fuel. This solid waste fuel is stored in the storage hopper 14,
It is supplied to the carbonization furnace 10 via 15.

In the carbonization furnace 10, the refuse solid fuel is carbonized. That is, in this dry distillation treatment, for example, the oxygen concentration in the furnace is controlled to 1 vol% or less by adjusting the amount of air supplied into the furnace, and the concentration of dioxin generated from the carbonaceous powder is limited to a predetermined value or less. To reduce the carbonization temperature to 60
It is preferable to control the temperature at 0 ° C. or higher, preferably at 800 ° C. or higher.

The carbonaceous powder produced by carbonization in the carbonization furnace 10 is discharged from the carbonization furnace 10 and stored in the storage hopper 16.

On the other hand, the carbonization gas generated during the carbonization treatment is:
Complete combustion in the combustion device II. Note that it is preferable to blow high-temperature combustion gas from the burner 17 in consideration of safety. Then, the high-temperature combustion gas of 1000 ° C. or higher generated in the combustion device 11 is heat-recovered in the form of steam in the boiler 12, quenched by the combustion gas quenching device 21, and then exhausted from the chimney 24.

Here, the temperature of the combustion gas on the outlet side of the boiler 12 is
The residence time of the combustion gas in the temperature range of 600 ° C. or more, preferably 800 ° C. or more, and 600 ° C. or more, preferably 800 ° C. or more in the combustion device 11 and the boiler 12 is 2 seconds or more;
By quenching the combustion gas by the combustion gas quenching device 21, the generation of dioxins is reliably prevented.

The steam generated in the boiler 12 is
The steam is supplied to the solid fuel production facility by the steam supply pipe 20, and is used as a heat source for drying the waste by the heat exchange means 13a.

If the solid fuel production facility is operated in a batch mode (intermittent mode) instead of a continuous operation, no steam is obtained at the start of the operation. Therefore, in this case, steam from the package boiler 22 is used to dry the refuse at the start of the operation. The package boiler 22 can generate steam in a short time because of burning kerosene or burning heavy oil. Then, drying of the refuse is started with steam from the package boiler 22, and thereafter, the carbonization furnace 10
When the dry distillation gas is generated and steady steam generation is confirmed in the boiler II, the package boiler 22 is stopped.

As shown in FIG. 1, the combustion gas generated by the high-temperature combustion of the carbonized gas is supplied to the dryer 2 through the combustion gas supply pipe 30, and heat exchange with the refuse is performed by the heat exchange means 13b. You can go and dry the garbage.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, it is also possible to crush the refuse with a crusher 1, form it with a molding machine 3, and then dry it with a dryer 2 to produce refuse solid fuel.

1 and 2, a pure oxygen and / or oxygen-enriched air supply pipe 23 for injecting pure oxygen and / or oxygen-enriched air is provided in the dry distillation gas combustion device 11. It is preferable to mix pure oxygen and / or oxygen-enriched air having an oxygen concentration of more than 21 vol% with the combustion air. Because pure oxygen is used in the combustion device of carbonization gas,
By blowing the oxygenated air, it becomes possible to achieve even higher temperature combustion in the carbonization gas combustion device 11, and the generation of dioxins can be more easily suppressed.

The carbonaceous powder produced as described above is conveyed to the next step and mixed with a binder. That is,
As shown in FIG. 3, a carbonaceous powder 30 and a binder such as cement
Is cut out in a predetermined amount in a stirring tank 32, and water is further added in the stirring tank 32 to remove the carbonaceous powder 30 and the cement 31.
, And the mixture is supplied to a granulator 33,
, Is dried and solidified by heating on a conveyor 34, and then stored in a hopper 35. And
From the hopper 35, for example, it is cut out to a transport truck 36 and shipped. In addition, in the example shown in FIG.
Although a disc-type pelletizer is shown as 33, a vibrating granulator or other general granulators can be used.

When chlorine is disliked as an environmental purification material, chlorine can be further removed from the above-mentioned environmental purification material. That is, as described above, by performing the water washing treatment on the carbonaceous powder before mixing the binder, the chlorine in the carbonaceous powder is NaCl, so that the chlorine can be easily removed. Since the water used for the water-washing treatment contains NaCl, the SS content and COD
It is desirable to release them to the sea after removing them.

[0041]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In the manufacturing process shown in FIGS.
An environmental purification material was manufactured by applying the following conditions. Table 2 shows the results of investigations on the properties and component compositions of the thus obtained environmental purification material. Table 3 shows the results of the dissolution tests of this environmental purification material on various environments.

[Dry distillation process] Oxygen concentration in furnace: 1 vol% or less Carbonaceous powder temperature: 600 ° C [Binder mixing process] Cement mixing ratio: 30 mass% Water content: 20 mass% Remainder: carbonaceous powder

[0043]

[Table 2]

[0044]

[Table 3]

Further, as shown in Table 4, the results of an exposure test conducted in seawater on the purification function of this environmental purification material showed that the growth of algae was better than that of ordinary concrete for growing seaweed beds. And the adhesion of the batch was also good. In other words, the propagation of animals and plants indicates that the breeding environment is excellent, and also indicates that there is a water purification action.

[0046]

[Table 4]

[0047]

According to the present invention, in order to utilize refuse solid fuel as an environmental purification material, the consumption of refuse solid fuel is promoted to promote environmentally friendly refuse treatment, and at the same time, the environment is improved. Can be.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a facility for producing carbonaceous powder used in the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing another example of a facility for producing carbonaceous powder used in the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a view showing a process of producing an environmental purification material from carbonaceous powder.

[Explanation of symbols]

1,6 Crusher 2 Dryer 3 Molding machine 4 Foreign matter separator 5a, 5b Magnetic separator 10 Dry distillation furnace 11 Dry distillation gas combustion device 12 Boiler 12a, 12b Water pipe group 13a, 13b Heat exchange means 14 Storage hopper 15 Quantitative supply device 16 Storage hopper 17 After burner 18 Combustion air fan 19 Combustion air supply pipe 19a Combustion air supply header 20 Steam supply pipe to dryer 21 Combustion gas quenching device 22 Package boiler 23 Pure oxygen, oxygen-enriched air supply pipe 24 Chimney 25 Combustion gas supply pipe to dryer 30 Carbonaceous powder 31 Cement (binder) 32 Stirrer tank 33 Granulator 34 Conveyor 35 Hopper CV Flow control valve f ₁ Waste transport direction f ₂ Waste transport direction f ₃ Waste solid fuel discharge direction

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) // C10L 5/46 C10L 5/48 5/48 B09B 3/00 ZAB (72) Inventor Ryoichi Nagata Okayama 1-chome, Kawasaki-dori, Mizushima, Kurashiki-shi (No address) F-term in Kawasaki Steel Corporation Mizushima Works (reference) 4D003 AA01 AA12 BA07 CA04 CA10 EA01 EA22 EA25 EA38 4D004 AA46 BA02 BA10 CA04 CA08 CA14 CA26 CA40 CA42 CA45 CB16 CC06 DA DA10 4D024 AA04 AA05 BA03 BB05 BC01 DB14 4H012 HA00 4H015 AA01 AA02 AB01 BA09 BA13 BB05 CA03 CB01

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A refuse solid comprising a refuse solid fuel obtained by subjecting refuse solid fuel, which has been processed into a predetermined shape through crushing, drying and shaping of refuse, to carbonization powder obtained by carbonization, with a binder. Environmental purification material made from fuel. 2. The environmental purification material according to claim 1, wherein the carbon content of the carbonaceous powder is 30 to 70 mass%. 3. The environmental purification material according to claim 1, wherein the content of the binder is 5 to 70 mass%. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the diameter is 0.
An environmental purification material made from solid refuse, characterized by being 5 to 50.0 mm granular or massive. 5. A refuse is crushed, processed into a refuse solid fuel having a predetermined shape by drying and molding, and the refuse solid fuel is subjected to dry distillation to obtain a carbonaceous powder, and then a binder is mixed with the carbonaceous powder. And then, after performing granulation molding,
A method for producing an environmental purification material, comprising drying and solidifying. 6. The method for producing an environment-purifying material according to claim 5, wherein the carbonaceous powder is subjected to a water-washing treatment prior to blending the binder with the carbonaceous powder.