JP2001254583A - Excavation construction method and excavation device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an excavation construction method for miniaturizing a device and nearly fully preventing excavation force from being transmitted to the device. SOLUTION: In the excavation construction method, the excavation device where a crushed body 9 that is connected to a center axis 12 so that it can be rocked is provided at the tip of a rotary shaft 3, and at the same time an axial line direction C of the center axis 12 is away from an axial line direction L of the rotary axis 3 is used, the rotary axis 3 is rotated, and at the same time the center axis 12 is rotated speedily, and the ground is blown by the tip of the crushed body 9.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an excavation that is applied to a case where a space for installing an excavator and a carry-in path to an excavation site are narrow and there is no wall around which the excavator is fixed. Related to construction methods and drilling equipment. More specifically, it relates to a drilling method and a drilling device capable of drilling relatively small holes, such as a shaft for burying a public drain for domestic drainage and sewage waste, and a hole for burying a pile in a tunnel. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional general excavation method, there are a method in which an auger is rotated while moving forward to simultaneously perform a work of crushing ground and a work of discharging earth and sand, and a method of driving soil in a pipe after driving the pipe. There is a known technique for sucking out.
Since the device used to rotate the auger must receive the large force applied when driving the auger,
It was necessary to increase the size of the device itself or to firmly fix it to the wall surface near the excavation site, the ground or the ceiling surface. In addition, the method of driving a pipe requires a large working space in order to raise the falling position of a hammer that strikes the pipe.

[0003] However, the conventional excavator is, for the reasons described above, in the case where the installation location of the equipment or the carry-in path to the excavation area is narrow, when there is no wall around which the equipment is fixed, or when it is difficult to remove the reaction force from the ground. In such a case, excavation work by human power is now common.

[0004]

The first object of the present invention is as follows.
The invention described in (1) to (12) has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and a common object thereof is to provide an excavation method and an excavation method in which an apparatus can be made compact and an excavation force is hardly transmitted to the apparatus. To provide.

[0005] The ground includes a very hard ground in which a dug hole is self-supporting without collapsing, and a ground which collapses after digging and requires earth retaining. The ground that needs a soil barrier is further divided into a normal ground and a soft ground. The normal ground is a relatively hard ground or a ground mixed with foreign matters such as cobblestones and wood chips. Soft ground is soft ground that contains a lot of mud, or ground where water flows well.

The specific object of the invention according to claims 2 and 4 is that
An object of the present invention is to provide an excavation method capable of improving the efficiency of excavation work performed on ordinary ground.

A specific object of the present invention is to provide an excavation method capable of improving the efficiency of excavation work performed on extremely hard ground.

A specific object of the present invention is to provide an excavation method capable of excavating deeply.

A specific object of the invention according to claim 7 is to provide an excavator which has good soil removal and can easily connect a rotating shaft.

[0010] It is a specific object of the present invention to provide a digging apparatus in which digging efficiency is further improved.

It is a specific object of the present invention to provide an excavator having improved soil discharging performance and improved maintainability.

[0012]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an excavation method, wherein a crushed body which is swingably connected to a center shaft is provided at a leading end of the rotation shaft, and the direction of the axis of the center shaft is equal to that of the rotation shaft. Using an excavator separated from the axial direction, the center axis is rotated at a high speed while rotating the rotation axis, and the ground is hit at the tip of the crushed material.

The crushed material may be any one having a strength that does not break even when the ground is hit. As an abstract example, a crushed body is provided with a rigid body, a flexible body, or a continuous body in a chain. Specific examples include metal rods, wire ropes, chains, chains connected by pins, and the like. Further, the shape of the crushed body is not limited, but is desirably an elongated shape. The number of crushed bodies and the weight balance are not limited.

As a specific example of the swingable connection, there is a connection with a pin, but as another example,
If the crushed material has flexibility, such as a wire rope, the concept includes a material firmly fixed to the central axis as it is. In other words, if there is flexibility, a motion similar to a rocking motion is performed around a fixed portion.

If the axial direction of the central axis is away from the axial direction of the rotating shaft, the axial direction of the central axis will be parallel, perpendicular or inclined with respect to the axial direction of the rotating shaft.

If this method is used when the excavation direction is upward, the earth and sand crushed by the crushed material falls naturally. Also,
When this method is used sideways and downwards, the crushed earth and sand is discharged with a vacuum, clamshell or scoop.

This method can be applied to any condition of the ground. In the case of extremely hard ground, a hole can be dug simply by discharging the crushed earth and sand. In addition, when forming holes in ordinary ground or soft ground, it is possible to enhance the straightness of excavation work and to bury buried pipes while digging or before digging for the purpose of retaining earth. is necessary.

The digging method according to the second aspect of the present invention is a digging method for a normal ground, wherein a crushed body swingably connected to a center axis is provided at a front end of a rotary shaft, and a crushed body is provided in an axial direction of the center axis. In a state where the buried pipe is arranged outside the rotary shaft using an excavator separated from the axis direction of the rotary shaft, by rotating the central axis at high speed while rotating the rotary shaft, the area with a larger diameter than the buried pipe The portion is crushed at the tip of the crushed body, and thereafter, the crushed earth and sand are discharged, and the buried pipe is moved along the rotation axis to be buried. The order of the work of burying the buried pipe and the work of discharging the earth and sand are not limited and may be simultaneous.

The digging method according to the third aspect of the present invention is a digging method for a very hard ground, wherein a crushed body slidably connected to a center axis is provided at a front end of a rotary shaft and an axis of the center axis is provided. By using an excavator having a direction away from the axis of the rotating shaft and having a spiral blade for discharging the earth outside the rotating shaft, the central shaft is rotated at a high speed while rotating the rotating shaft, so that the tip of the crushed material is It is characterized in that the ground crushing work at the section and the earth and sand discharging work at the spiral blade are performed simultaneously.

A digging method according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is a digging method for a normal ground, wherein a crushed body which is swingably connected to a center axis is provided at a tip portion of a rotary shaft, and a crushed body is provided in an axial direction of the center axis. Is separated from the axis of the rotating shaft, and using an excavator equipped with a spiral blade for discharging soil outside the rotating shaft, with the buried pipe arranged outside the spiral blade, turning the rotating shaft to the center. By rotating the shaft at high speed, the crushing work at the tip of the crushed body in the area larger in diameter than the buried pipe and the work of discharging earth and sand with the spiral blade are performed simultaneously, and the buried pipe is moved along the rotation axis. It is characterized by embedding. The operation of embedding the buried pipe is performed simultaneously with or after the crushing operation and the discharging operation.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an excavation method in which a moving body is supported on a frame so as to be movable up and down, an upper portion of a rotating shaft of an auger is rotatably supported on the moving body, and an intermediate body having a discharge port is moved. At the lower end of the rotating shaft, a crushed body that hangs down to the body, connects the buried pipe surrounding the outer side of the auger spiral blade to the intermediate body, and swingably connects to the center axis, and the axis direction of the center axis is Using an excavator that is separated from the axis of rotation,
By rotating the central shaft at high speed while rotating the auger and moving down the moving body, after performing the crushing work at the tip of the crushed body, the discharging work of the earth and sand with the spiral blade, and the embedding work of the buried pipe, the rotating shaft And disconnecting the buried pipe from the intermediate body and the moving body, raising the moving body, connecting the rotating shaft of another auger and another buried pipe to the buried rotating shaft and the buried pipe and the moving body, and turning the auger. The process is characterized in that the step of rotating the central axis at high speed and lowering the moving body is repeated.

There are various methods for connecting the buried pipes and connecting the buried pipes to the intermediate body. For example, as an example, the buried pipes are screwed together, and the connection and disconnection of the buried pipes and the intermediate body are performed. In this case, the lower end of the intermediate body and the upper end of the buried pipe may be fitted and unsealed, and the first locking piece provided on the intermediate body may go into and out of a locking hole provided in the upper part of the buried pipe. If you do this,
Connection work between buried pipes and connection between buried pipes and intermediates are facilitated.

In order to prevent the buried pipe from sinking under its own weight during the connection work between the buried pipes, a guide is provided at the lower portion of the frame at a position outside the locking hole of the buried pipe, and a guide is provided from the guide. The leading end of the second locking piece may be inserted into the locking hole through the locking piece, and the base of the second locking piece may be held in the guide.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an excavating apparatus in which a moving body is supported on a frame so as to be able to move up and down, an upper portion of a rotating shaft of the auger is rotatably supported on the moving body, and the outer periphery of the auger spiral blade is buried. A crushed body that connects the pipe to the moving body and swingably connected to the central axis is provided at the lower end of the rotating shaft, and the axial direction of the central axis is separated from the axial direction of the rotating axis. And

Connecting the buried pipe to the moving body means that the buried pipe and the moving body are directly connected to each other, and the buried pipe and the moving body are indirectly connected to each other through an intermediate having a discharge port. And a structure that connects to The structure in which the buried pipe is directly connected to the moving body is used to form a shallow hole, and when used, excavation is performed without connecting the buried pipes or augers. If the auger is later pulled up, the earth and sand can be discharged as it is because the earth and sand is on the spiral blade. On the other hand, a structure in which a buried pipe and a moving body are indirectly connected via an intermediate body having a discharge port is used for forming a deep hole. Digging holes and discharging earth and sand from the discharge port.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the excavator, a connecting shaft connected to the rotating shaft is vertically attached to the moving body, a tubular intermediate body is interposed between the moving body and the buried pipe, and the discharge port is provided in the intermediate body. Is provided so that the rotating shaft and the connection shaft can be connected from the discharging port.

There are various structures for connecting and disconnecting the buried pipe and the intermediate body. As an example, a locking hole may be provided in the upper part of the buried pipe, and a first locking piece that can enter and leave the locking hole may be provided in the intermediate body. With this configuration, the intermediate body and the buried pipe can be connected only by fitting the upper end of the buried pipe into the lower end of the intermediate body and inserting the first locking piece into the locking hole. It will be easier.

In order to prevent the buried pipe from sinking under its own weight during the connection work between the buried pipes, a guide is provided at a lower portion of the frame at a position outside the locking hole of the buried pipe and passes through the guide. The tip of the second locking piece may be provided so as to be able to enter and exit the locking hole.

The excavator according to the invention of claim 8 is characterized in that the tip of the crushed material is made heavier than the base.

A digging device according to a ninth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the crushed material is a single strip.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the excavator, wherein the crushed object is obtained by connecting a block to the tip of a chain with a pin.

An excavator according to an eleventh aspect of the present invention uses a flexible shaft as a central axis, extends the flexible shaft through a rotary shaft to a moving body, provides a motor for the flexible shaft on the moving body, and adjusts the axial direction of the central axis. Instead of being separated from the axis of the rotating shaft, the axis of the lower portion of the flexible shaft is separated from the axis of the rotating shaft.

In the digging apparatus according to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, instead of the axial direction of the lower portion of the flexible shaft being separated from the axial direction of the rotating shaft, the axial direction of the lower portion of the flexible shaft is aligned with the axial direction of the rotating shaft. It is characterized by being crossed.

The buried pipe used in the present invention has various structures. As an example, a screw hole may be provided at both ends, and a locking hole through which the first locking piece provided on the intermediate body can enter and exit may be provided at one end. In this case, the buried pipe can be easily connected to the intermediate body. Further, the second locking piece may be passed through a guide provided at the lower portion of the frame, and the leading end may be inserted into the locking hole.

[0035]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, an excavator according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, a first example of a drilling rig is shown in FIGS.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a moving body 2 that rotatably supports a rotating shaft 3 of the auger 1 is provided so as to be able to move up and down with respect to the frame F, and an intermediate body 4 is suspended from the moving body 2 to form a spiral of the auger 1. The buried pipe 6 surrounding the outside of the blade 5 is suspended from the intermediate body 4 to a position slightly above the lower end of the rotating shaft 3, a crushing motor 8 is fixed to the lower end of the rotating shaft 3, and one crushed material 9 is removed. It is swingably connected to the crushing body motor 8.

The crushed body 9 strikes the ground by high-speed rotation. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 11, a metal block 11 is connected to a leading end of a chain 10 by a pin P.
Further, the connection between the crushed body 9 and the crushed body motor 8 is performed by fixing the connecting member 13 to the front end of the center shaft 12 of the crushed body motor 8 and connecting one end of the crushed body 9 to the connecting member 13 with the pin P. Swingably connected. The electric wiring or hydraulic piping to the crushing body motor 8 is drawn through the inside of the rotating shaft 3 to the moving body 2 side.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the crushing body motor 8 is fixed to the rotating shaft 3 by separating the axis direction C of the center shaft 12 from the axial direction L of the rotating shaft 3 (FIG. ) Is a state of being separated to the left and inclined (in the case shown in FIG. 1B).

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the frame F is provided with a pedestal 14 in which H-shaped members are assembled in a rectangular frame, and columns 15 are erected at two adjacent corners of the four corners of the pedestal 14, respectively. Using a channel that serves as a guide when the moving body 2 moves up and down,
A plurality of reinforcing bars 17 are erected on the outer sides (the right side in FIG. 3) of both columns 15, 15 with the grooves 16 of the columns 15 facing each other.

The moving body 2 is mounted on a pedestal 14 in a plan view of the apparatus.
A gear box 18 is provided at a position corresponding to the inside of the frame, and a rotating shaft motor 19 and a rotary joint 20 are mounted and fixed on the gear box 18, and a connecting shaft 2 for connecting the rotating shaft 3 is provided.
1 is rotatably supported by a rotary joint 20, and a connecting shaft 21 is suspended downward through a gear box 18.
8, and is transmitted to the rotating shaft 3 after passing through the connecting shaft 21.

As shown in FIG. 3, the lifting mechanism of the moving body 2 is as follows.
A chain 22 is suspended vertically between the two supports 15, 15 using the reinforcing bar 17, a motor 23 for lifting is fixed on an upper part of the gear box 18, and the rotation of the motor 23 is transmitted to the pulley 24, A sprocket S rotating coaxially with the pulley 24 is engaged with the chain 22. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the gear box 18 has a pair of plates 25, 25 extending toward the grooves 16 of the columns 15, and a roller 26 running in the grooves 16 is provided on each plate 25. As a result, the moving body 2 is
Go up and down along 15.

The intermediate body 4 is tubular as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5 and hangs down from the gear box 18 so that the discharge port 28 has a height such that the connecting portion 27 between the connecting shaft 21 and the rotating shaft 3 can be viewed. It is provided. Then, the protrusion 29 of the rotating shaft 3 is connected to the connecting shaft 2.
1 and the two holes H of the concave and convex portions 29 and 30 are aligned with each other, and a connector (a pin or a bolt) 3
By inserting 1, the rotating shaft 3 and the connecting shaft 21 are connected. In addition, a multi-coupler is used to connect the electric wires of the crushing motor 8, that is, to connect the electric wires passing through the rotating shaft 3 and the electric wires passing through the connecting shaft 21. In addition,
By making the inner diameter of the intermediate body 4 and the buried pipe 6 almost the same, the earth and sand rising in the buried pipe 6 is smoothly taken into the intermediate body 4.

The connection structure between the intermediate 4 and the buried pipe 6 is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 8, the upper end of the buried pipe 6 is provided as a step-like thin portion, a screw portion (female screw) 32 is formed in the thin portion, and the lower end portion of the intermediate body 4 is inserted into the screw portion 32 to form a step. At the same time, the fixtures 33 are provided at opposing portions of the intermediate body 4, and the first locking pieces 34 of the respective fixing devices 33 are inserted into a pair of locking holes 35 opened at the opposing portions of the upper part of the buried pipe 6. It is a structure to be inserted.

The fixing member 33 fixes the reinforcing piece 36 to the intermediate body 4, projects the brackets 37 outwardly from the upper and lower portions of the reinforcing piece 36, and passes the pins P through holes 38 formed in both brackets 37, 37. A first locking piece 34 that hangs down below the threaded portion 32 of the buried pipe 6 and is rotatably provided with a lever 39 fixed to the upper part of the pin P and inserted into the locking hole 35.
Is fixed to the lower end of the pin P, and the rotation of the lever 39 causes the first locking piece 34 to enter and exit the locking hole 35.
In addition, the lower part of the pin-shaped locking member 41 is inserted into another hole 40 opened in the upper bracket 37, and the head of the locking member 41 prevents the rotation of the lever 39.

In the case of digging a deep hole, FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 8, the augers 1, 1 and the buried pipes 6, 6
Although connection work is required, a frame-shaped guide 60 is attached to the pedestal 14 of the frame F so that the embedded pipe 6 embedded during the connection work does not sink or tilt under its own weight. It is provided at a position outside the hole 35, the leading end is inserted into the locking hole 35 from the guide 60 through the second locking piece 61, and the base is held in the guide 60. As shown in FIGS. 18 and 19, the second locking piece 61 is formed so that its tip is thin so that the tip does not enter deep into the buried pipe 6 through the locking hole 35. In addition, an operating portion 62 is provided on the base side thereof, so that it can be easily inserted into and removed from the locking hole 35.

In the second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, the axis direction C of the central axis 12 of the crushed body 9 is perpendicular to the axis direction L of the rotating shaft 3 (FIG. 2B). ).

FIG. 9 is a schematic plan view showing four types in which the axial direction C of the central axis 12 is separated from the axial direction L of the rotary shaft 3. For convenience, the central axis 12 is It is shown thicker than it actually is and the center axis 12 is extended.
The axial direction C of the central axis 12 with respect to the axial direction L of the rotating shaft 3
Are separated from each other means that a part of the central shaft 12 overlaps with the area of the rotary shaft 3 and the outer peripheral portion of the central shaft 12 in the axial direction L of the rotary shaft 3 as shown in FIG. (B) A part of the center axis 12 overlaps with the area of the rotating shaft 3 as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 12 (c), the type in which 12 is away (away upward in the figure)
A type in which the central axis 12 is separated from the area of the rotation axis 3;
(D) As shown in the drawing, the concept includes a type in which the axial direction L of the rotating shaft 3 and the axial direction C of the central shaft 12 are parallel.
In FIGS. 9A, 9B, and 9C, the axis direction L of the rotating shaft 3 and the axis direction C of the center shaft 12 are perpendicular or inclined. Also, the above concept is
A case where the axis direction C of the center axis 12 intersects the axis direction L of the rotating shaft 3 as shown in FIG. 10A and a case where the axis direction L of the rotating shaft 3 intersects the center axis as shown in FIG. 12 does not include the case where the axis direction C is the same straight line.

When digging a hole of the same diameter, FIG.
(B) As shown in (c), the type in which the axial direction L of the rotating shaft 3 and the axial direction C of the central shaft 12 are separated or perpendicular or inclined away from each other, as shown in FIG. Compared to the type in which the axis direction C of the central axis 12 intersects the axial direction L of No. 3, the trajectory of the crushed body 9 in contact with the soil is shorter and the trajectory not in contact with the soil (unloaded trajectory) is longer. ,
The time during which the rotation speed of the crushed body 9 recovers is increased, and as a result, the excavation efficiency is improved.

In the third embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 12, a flexible shaft is used for the central shaft 12, and the flexible shaft 12 is passed along the axial direction L inside the cylindrical rotary shaft 3 to thereby make the flexible shaft 12 The lower part is bent to be rotatably supported by the head 42, and the lower part of the flexible shaft 12 is inclined with the axis direction C of the flexible shaft 12 away from the axis direction L of the rotating shaft 3, and hangs obliquely from the lower end of the rotating shaft 3. The head 42 is located on the outside of the connecting pipe 43 (the right side in FIG.
Is fixed. In addition, flexible shaft 1
A crushing body motor 8 for rotating the rotating body 2 is fixed to the moving body 2 (not shown), and a sheath tube 44 for holding the flexible shaft 12 is provided in the rotating shaft 3, and a reinforcing tube 45 is connected to a front end of the sheath tube 44. It is. In the drawings, the spiral blade 5 is omitted for convenience.

In the fourth embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG.
And intersects with the axis direction L. This is the form shown in FIG. 10 when viewed in plan. The term “intersection” used herein is a concept that combines a state of orthogonal intersection and a state of oblique intersection.

When the first to fourth examples are used, as shown in FIG. 4, the rotation of the auger 1, the lowering of the moving body 2, the
At the same time, the ground in a region having a diameter larger than that of the buried pipe 6 is crushed at the tip of the crushed body 9, and then the buried pipe 6 is embedded while the earth and sand is pulled up by the spiral blade 5. The earth and sand is discharged from the discharge port 28 to form a hole. When digging a deep hole, first, as shown in FIG. 5, the buried pipe 6 is buried, and the connection between the connecting shaft 21 and the rotating shaft 3 and the connection between the buried pipe 6 and the intermediate body 4 are performed.
The moving body 2 is raised, and the front end of the guide 60 is inserted into the locking holes 35 on both sides of the buried pipe 6 through the second locking pieces 61, and the buried pipe 6 is held by its own weight so as not to sink naturally. I do. Next, as shown in FIG. 6, a concave portion 30 of another auger 1 is fitted to the convex portion 29 of the buried auger 1, and a hole H is formed.
The connector 31 is inserted and connected to another auger 1
Utilizing the space between the moving body 2 and the other auger 1, it is screwed to the buried pipe 6 embedded through another buried pipe 6 on the outside of another auger 1. After the connection with the rotating shaft 3 and the connection between the intermediate body 4 and the buried pipe 6, the leading end of the second locking piece 61 is pulled out from each locking hole 35, and the rotation of the auger 1 and the lowering of the moving body 2. The crushed body 9 is rotated at a high speed. In addition, for screw connection of buried pipes 6,6,
As described above, the threaded portion 3 of the female thread is provided at the upper end of the buried pipe 6.
2, and a screw portion 32 of a male screw is provided at the lower end.

The fifth embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that a crushing motor 8 is fixed to a mere rotating shaft 3 as shown in FIG. A mechanism for rotatably supporting the rotating shaft 3, a driving mechanism for the rotating shaft 3, and a handle portion are provided behind the
The rotation of is not transmitted. Since this does not have means for discharging earth and sand, it is preferable to use it with the excavation direction facing upward so that the earth and sand crushed by the crushing body 9 falls naturally.

In the sixth embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG.
This is the same as the fifth example except that the buried pipe 6 is moved along the guide bar 46.

The device shown in FIG. 15A is used for ordinary ground, and the area of the ground to be crushed by the
It is larger than the diameter. In this way, the buried pipe 6 can be lowered and embedded in the area inside the area where the ground has been crushed by the crushing body 9. The means for embedding the buried pipe 6 is not shown, but may be of its own weight or may be press-fitted with a jack.

The present apparatus shown in FIG. 15 (b) is used for soft ground, and the area of the ground crushed by the crushing body 9 is smaller than the diameter of the buried pipe 6. In this way, only the ground inside the buried pipe 6 can be crushed by the crushing body 9 after the buried pipe 6 is buried and earth-fixed.

As shown in FIG. 16, the seventh embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the crushed body 9 has a hammer 48 connected to the tip of a link 47 by a pin P.

The eighth embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the crushed body 9 is a metal plate as shown in FIG.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, the number of the locking holes 35 is not limited to two provided at the opposed position of the buried pipe 6, and three or more locking holes 35 may be provided. In this case, the fixing device 33 corresponds to the location where the locking hole 35 is provided.
May be provided on the intermediate body 4 and the guide 60 may be provided on the pedestal 14 of the frame F.

Also, depending on the state of supporting the crushed body 9,
The deepest point when the ground was hit with the crushed
And the eccentric position, that is, the position distant from the axial direction L. When located in the axial direction L, the bottom surface of the hole formed by this method has a spherical shape in which a sphere is divided in half. In the case of the eccentric position, the bottom surface of the hole has a shape in which a central portion protrudes in a cone shape. If the deepest part by the impact with the crushed body 9 is located in the axial direction L of the rotating shaft 3 under the condition that cobblestones and wood chips are present in the ground, if the hole is dug downward, the crushed body 9 is hit. Since the broken boulder always returns to the center of the spherical surface, the boulder is continuously struck at the tip of the crushed body 9. On the other hand, if the deepest part due to the impact with the crushed body 9 is in the eccentric position under the condition that cobblestones and wood chips are present in the ground, if a hole is dug downward, the rotation area of the crushed body 9 Since it moves in a form of revolving along with the rotation of the rock, it is not necessary to hit the boulder only once, and wear of the crushed material 9 is prevented, and excavation efficiency is good.

[0059]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the rotating shaft is rotated while the central shaft is rotated at a high speed, the area to be crushed at the front end of the crushed body has a circular shape. If a discharging operation or an embedding operation of a buried pipe is performed, a cylindrical hole can be formed. At the tip of the crushed body, a force for striking the ground is applied, but since the crushed body is swingably connected to the central axis, the striking force is not transmitted to the central axis and eventually the rotation axis, and as a result, the center The shaft motor and the rotary shaft motor are not subjected to a load due to excavation, and the apparatus itself can be reduced in size.

The ordinary ground is relatively hard and it is difficult to bury the buried pipe. In this case, according to the second aspect of the present invention, the buried pipe is buried in the inner portion of the crushed area.
Hardly any force is applied to the embedding work, and the work itself can be performed easily and quickly, so that the time required for the excavation work can be reduced.

If the invention of claim 3 is applied to a very hard ground, the crushing operation of the crushed material and the discharging operation of the earth and sand by the spiral blade are performed simultaneously, so that the time required for the excavation operation can be reduced. In addition, in the conventional auger, both the power of excavating the ground and the force of discharging earth and sand are applied to the spiral blade, but the spiral blade of the present invention applies only the power of discharging earth and sand,
The rotating force of the rotating shaft can be small, and the device itself can be downsized.

If the invention of claim 4 is used for ordinary ground,
Since the crushing operation of the crushed body and the discharging operation of the earth and sand by the spiral blade are performed at the same time, the time to start embedding work of the buried pipe is hastened, and as a result, the time of excavation work can be reduced.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, a deep hole can be dug.

In the conventional auger, both the force for crushing the ground with the spiral blade and the force for transporting the crushed earth and sand backward are required. Since the crushed earth and sand is transported backward by the spiral blade, the role of the spiral blade may be one, and as a result, the rotational force of the spiral blade may be small. In addition, since the load for excavation is not applied to the motor for rotating the crushed material and the motor for the rotating shaft, the size of the apparatus itself can be reduced.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, since the intermediate interposed between the moving body and the buried pipe is tubular, the earth and sand which has risen in the buried pipe is taken into the intermediate as it is and discharged from the earth discharging port. And the soil removal efficiency is improved. In addition, since the connection shaft and the rotating shaft can be connected from the discharging port, the work of attaching the rotating shaft is facilitated.

According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, since the tip of the crushed body is made heavier than the base side, the crushing force is increased and the excavation efficiency is improved.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, a phenomenon in which self-excited vibration occurs and excavated soil naturally rises by forming a crushed body having a heavy tip into a single strip appears, and as a result, soil discharging efficiency is improved. I do.

According to the tenth aspect of the present invention, since the crushed material is obtained by connecting the block to the tip of the chain with a pin, the block worn by impact can be easily replaced.

According to the eleventh and twelfth aspects of the present invention, the lower part of the flexible shaft is bent by using the flexible shaft as the center axis, and the lower part of the flexible shaft is separated from the axis of the rotary shaft. It can be vertical, inclined, or intersecting, and since the flexible shaft is extended to the moving body and its motor is provided on the moving body, compared to a structure in which the motor is provided at the lower end of the rotating shaft, The size of the protruding portion provided at the lower end of the rotating shaft can be reduced, and as a result, the earth discharging efficiency can be improved. Further, if the motor is provided on the moving body, maintenance is easy.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIGS. 1A and 1B are a front view and a side view showing a main part of a first example of an excavator according to the present invention.

FIGS. 2A and 2B are a front view and a side view showing a second example of the excavator according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing the entire first example of the excavator according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a front view showing a state where the moving body is lowered.

FIG. 5 is a front view showing a state where the moving body is raised.

FIG. 6 is a front view showing a state where an auger and a buried pipe are connected.

FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional view of a main part showing a connection state between the intermediate body and the buried pipe.

8 (a) and (b) are a sectional view taken along line AA and a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 7;

FIGS. 9A, 9B, and 9C are explanatory diagrams illustrating the concept that the axis of the central axis is separated from the axis of the rotation axis.

FIGS. 10A and 10B are explanatory diagrams showing a concept in which the axis direction of the central axis intersects with the axis direction of the rotation axis and a concept in which they are located on the same straight line.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing a connection relationship between a crushed body and a central axis.

12 (a) and (b) are a front view and a side view showing a main part of a third example of the excavator according to the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a front view showing a main part of a fourth example of the excavator according to the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a front view showing a main part of a fifth example of the excavator according to the present invention.

FIG. 15 (a) (b) is a front view showing a main part of a sixth example of the excavator of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a front view showing a main part of a seventh example of the excavator of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a front view showing a main part of an eighth example of the excavator according to the present invention.

18 (a) and (b) are enlarged sectional views showing a structure for supporting an embedded tube, FIG.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along a line A.

FIG. 19 is a plan view of a second locking piece.

[Explanation of symbols]

 F frame 1 auger 2 moving body 3 rotating shaft 4 intermediate body 5 spiral blade 6 buried pipe 8 crushing body motor 9 crushing body L axis direction of rotation axis C axis direction of center axis 10 chain 11 block P pin 12 center axis 21 connection Shaft 28 Discharge port

Claims (12)

[Claims] A crushed body (9) swingably connected to a central shaft (12) is provided at the tip of a rotating shaft (3), and the axial direction (C) of the central shaft (12) is the rotating shaft. Using an excavator separated from the axial direction (L) of (3), the central shaft (12) is rotated at high speed while rotating the rotating shaft (3),
An excavation method characterized by hitting the ground at the tip of a crushed body (9). 2. An ordinary ground excavation method, wherein a crushed body (9) swingably connected to a center shaft (12) is provided at the front end of a rotating shaft (3), and a crushed body (9) is provided. ) Using an excavator in which the axial direction (C) of the rotary shaft (3) is separated from the axial direction (L) of the rotary shaft (3), and the buried pipe (6) is arranged outside the rotary shaft (3).
By rotating the central shaft (12) at a high speed while rotating the rotating shaft (3), the area having a larger diameter than the buried pipe (6) is crushed at the tip of the crushed body (9), and then the crushed earth and sand is crushed. Excavation and burying by moving the buried pipe (6) along the rotating shaft (3). 3. A method of excavating a very hard ground, wherein a crushed body (9) swingably connected to a center shaft (12) is provided at the tip of a rotary shaft (3), An excavator is used in which the axial direction (C) of (12) is separated from the axial direction (L) of the rotating shaft (3) and the spiral blade (5) for discharging the earth is provided outside the rotating shaft (3). By rotating the central shaft (12) at a high speed while rotating the rotating shaft (3), the ground crushing work at the tip of the crushed body (9) and the earth and sand discharging work at the spiral blade (5) are simultaneously performed. An excavation method characterized by the following. 4. A general ground excavation method, wherein a crushed body (9) swingably connected to a center shaft (12) is provided at a front end of a rotating shaft (3), and a crushed body (9) is provided. ) With an axial direction (C) apart from the axial direction (L) of the rotating shaft (3), and using an excavator having a spiral blade (5) for discharging the earth outside the rotating shaft (3); In a state where the buried pipe (6) is arranged outside the spiral blade (5), the central shaft (12) is rotated at a high speed while rotating the rotating shaft (3). The crushing body (9) is characterized in that the crushing work at the tip part and the earth and sand discharging work at the spiral blade (5) are performed simultaneously, and the buried pipe (6) is moved along the rotation axis (3) for embedding. And excavation method. 5. The moving body (2) is supported on the frame (F) so as to be able to move up and down, and the upper part of the rotating shaft (3) of the auger (1) is rotatably supported on the moving body (2). Mouth (28)
Is suspended from the moving body (2), the buried pipe (6) surrounding the outside of the spiral blade (5) of the auger (1) is connected to the intermediate body (4), and the central shaft (12) ) Is provided at the lower end of the rotating shaft (3) so as to be swingably connected to the rotating shaft (3), and the axial direction (C) of the central shaft (12) is the axial direction (L) of the rotating shaft (3). Using a drilling rig that is far away from, the central shaft (12) is rotated at high speed while rotating the auger (1),
By lowering the moving body (2), after performing the crushing operation at the tip of the crushing body (9), the discharging operation of the earth and sand by the spiral blade (5), and the embedding operation of the buried pipe (6), the rotating body is rotated. Disconnect the shaft (3) and the buried pipe (6) from the moving body (2) and the intermediate body (4), raise the moving body (2), and rotate the rotating shaft (3) of another auger (1) and another Buried pipe (6)
Connected to the buried rotary shaft (3), the buried pipe (6), and the moving body (2), while rotating the auger (1), the central shaft (1)
An excavation method characterized by repeating the step of rotating the moving body (2) at a high speed while lowering the moving body (2). 6. A moving body (2) is supported on a frame (F) so as to be able to move up and down, and an upper part of a rotating shaft (3) of an auger (1) is rotatably supported on the moving body (2). The buried pipe (6) surrounding the outside of the spiral blade (5) of 1) is connected to the moving body (2), and the crushed body (9) swingably connected to the central axis (12) is connected to the rotating shaft (3). ) At the lower end,
An excavator, wherein an axial direction (C) of the center axis (12) is apart from an axial direction (L) of the rotating shaft (3). 7. A connecting shaft (21) connected to a rotating shaft (3).
Is suspended from the mobile unit (2), and the mobile unit (2) and the buried pipe (6)
A discharge port (28) is provided in the intermediate body (4), and a rotary shaft (3) is provided from the discharge port (28).
The excavator according to claim 6, characterized in that the connecting shaft (21) and the connecting shaft (21) are provided so as to be connectable. 8. The excavator according to claim 6, wherein the tip of the crushed body is made heavier than the base side. 9. Drilling rig according to claim 8, characterized in that the crushed material (9) is a single piece. 10. The excavator according to claim 9, wherein the crushed body (9) is formed by connecting a block (11) to a tip of a chain (10) by a pin (P). 11. A flexible shaft is used for a central axis (12), the flexible shaft (12) is extended through a rotation shaft (3) to a moving body (2), and a motor (8) of the flexible shaft is moved to the moving body (2). ), The axial direction (C) of the central shaft (12) is separated from the axial direction (L) of the rotating shaft (3), but the axial direction (C) of the lower part of the flexible shaft (12) is Drilling rig according to any one of claims 6 to 10, characterized in that it is separated from the axis (L) of the axis of rotation (3). 12. The flexible shaft (1) instead of the axial direction (C) of the lower portion of the flexible shaft (12) being separated from the axial direction (L) of the rotating shaft (3).
2. The axial direction (C) of the lower part of (2) intersects the axial direction (L) of the rotating shaft (3).
The drilling rig of claim 1.