JP2001234604A - Energy-saving building - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a structure of a floor skeleton suitable for heat reserve or a radiator so as to obtain comfortable floor heating, to effectively use the interior of the floor skeleton for installing and replacing piping or wiring, and to easily form the filling space or an air passage for comfortable heated air. SOLUTION: A slab of a building skeleton 1 is a reinforced concrete double slab divided into a lower floor system 3 and an upper floor system 4 to secure a hollow space 2, the hollow space 2 is filled with heated air, and the upper floor system 4 is a pre-cast concrete floor system, and freely opened and closed to the hollow space 2.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an RC (steel reinforced concrete) or SRC (steel reinforced concrete) structure energy-saving (energy-saving) building.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION People feel comfortable warmth not only from the temperature of the air, but also from the radiant heat of the walls, ceilings and floors. In this way, by heating the radiant heat on the entire wall surface or floor, comfortable warmth can be felt even when the indoor air temperature is low. Further, even when a heating radiator is used, the air environment is not deteriorated because the air is not directly blown into the room, and the fuel cost can be saved.

Various types of floor heating such as a hot water type and an electric type have been proposed, but most of them are internal heat insulation systems in which piping or wiring is installed below a floor finishing material such as flooring.

On the other hand, when considering an energy-saving (energy-saving) building made of RC (steel reinforced concrete) or SRC (steel reinforced concrete), the loss of heating or cooling indoor air temperature is often caused by high heat insulation and high airtightness. Eliminating is the primary purpose.

[0005]

In the conventional method of floor heating described above, little consideration is given to the use of the skeleton part. Conversely, heat for floor heating is deprived to the concrete skeleton, especially the veranda and the like, resulting in a loss. This is often the case.

Although not shown in the drawings, those using earth concrete or the like as a heat storage body instead of a heat storage tank using solar heat (passive solar) are disclosed in JP-A-3-34435 and JP-A-4-90855. In the official gazettes, etc., it is intended for wooden buildings or RC (reinforced concrete) foundations, and RC (reinforced concrete) or SRC
It is not an energy-saving (energy-saving) building because of its internal insulation system (steel-reinforced concrete).

An object of the present invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the prior art and make the structure of the floor or wall frame suitable for a heat storage or heat radiator. As a result, the indoor temperature, humidity, air flow and radiant heat from the peripheral wall are improved. It is an object of the present invention to provide an energy-saving building that can provide comfortable indoor heating by the comprehensive effect of (1) and that can easily form a comfortable heating air filling space or an air flow path.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention firstly provides a reinforced concrete double slab having a hollow space by dividing a slab of a building frame into a lower slab and an upper slab. Filling this hollow space with heated air, the upper slab is a precast concrete slab, and it is installed to be able to open and close the hollow space, and
The gist of the invention is to dispose an electric heating panel as a heat generating panel inside the hollow space and to form a heated air circulation hole in the upper floor slab.

[0009] Second, the wall of the building frame is made by combining two precast concrete wall slabs, and an air passage is secured by a recess formed in the precast concrete wall slab, and heated air is passed through the air passage. The gist of the invention is that the heat storage radiator is used for the wall and that a heat insulating material is attached to the bottom surface of the concave portion of the precast concrete wall slab on the outdoor side.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the slab of the building frame is a double slab made of reinforced concrete having a hollow space, and the inside is filled with heated air, so that the upper concrete floor slab is a heat storage heating element. And the floor heat can be directly reduced with the radiant heat.

Further, the hollow space can be made to act as a heat storage tank or a heat storage air tank, and the heat from the hollow space can be taken out as warm air for heating. Further, the hollow space can be used as a duct or wiring duct space. The size of the floor plan is not limited, and the remodeling and other measures are sufficient.

In addition, since the upper slab is constructed by installing a precast concrete slab so as to be openable and closable with respect to the hollow space, it is easy to form a double slab at the time of construction, and this hollow space can be simplified. The upper floor slab can be opened to perform cleaning of the hollow space and maintenance and inspection of members disposed inside the hollow space.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the above-described functions, the hollow space is provided with a heat generating panel inside, so that the hollow space can be surely controlled regardless of day or night, temperature, weather, and the like. The air in this can be heated air at a comfortable temperature and humidity.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, it is possible to guide the heated air to the upper floor slab, and the efficiency can be improved by using the floor slab as a heat storage radiator.

According to the present invention, the warm air from the hollow space passes through the air flow path in the wall, and the wall is used as a heat storage radiator, so that heating can be performed by the radiant heat. By heating the radiant heat on the entire wall and floor in this way, even if the indoor air temperature is lower by about 5 ° C,
A comfortable warmth can be felt, and even in the case of using a heating radiator as auxiliary heating, the fuel cost can be sufficiently covered by the use of the power at midnight, so that the fuel cost can be greatly reduced.

Furthermore, even when the room is divided into upper and lower floors, the same warmth can be obtained because the walls themselves are continuous. In addition, by finishing the exposed concrete, a low-cost building can be obtained.

Further, since the walls of the building frame are made of two precast concrete wall slabs, and the recess formed in the precast concrete slab secures the air flow path.
It is possible to easily obtain a predetermined thickness suitable as a heat storage radiator without troublesome work such as embedding a pipe.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the heat radiation to the outdoor side is suppressed by attaching the heat insulating material to the bottom surface of the concave portion of the precast concrete wall slab on the outdoor side, and the heat radiation to the indoor side is more effective. It becomes something.

[0019]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional side view of a main part of the energy-saving building of the present invention, and FIG.
Indicates a RC (steel reinforced concrete) or SRC (steel reinforced concrete) building frame.

The slab of the building frame 1 was divided into a lower slab 3 and an upper slab 4 to form a double slab made of reinforced concrete, and a hollow space 2 was secured between the lower slab 3 and the upper slab 4. 5 is a wall in the figure.

As an example, the thickness of the wall 5 made of reinforced concrete and at least the lower slab 3 is about 300 mm or more, and the thickness of the upper slab 4 is about 150 mm. Further, the height of the hollow space 2 is about 300 to 600 mm, and there are few hollow spaces such as wiring, piping, and water gradients, so that installation and replacement can be easily performed.

The upper slab 4 is a precast concrete slab, a plurality of which are continuously laid, and are installed in the hollow space 2 so as to be freely opened and closed.

FIG. 2 shows the details, and the upper floor slab 4
In the unit body, a thin step receiving portion 4a is formed at one end and a thin step engaging portion 4b is formed at the other end, and these are overlapped and engaged. Both the step receiving portion 4a and the step retaining portion 4b were covered with a steel plate 26 for preventing damage. The width of the step retaining portion 4b is smaller than the width of the step receiving portion 4a, and a gap 27 is formed when the two are overlapped. Use.

When there is no pipe 28 in the gap 27, a floor finishing joist receiving member 29 may be provided. In the drawing, reference numeral 30 denotes a cushioning material provided between the step receiving portion 4a and the step engaging portion 4b when the step receiving portion 4a is engaged with the step receiving portion 4b.

In the hollow space 2, a support column 31 made of steel material is erected on the lower floor slab 3 to support the upper floor slab 4, and a receiving shelf 32 is formed from the wall 5 so that it can be used. The upper floor slab 4 is supported. A cushioning material 33 is interposed between the support columns 31, the receiving shelves 32, and the upper floor slab 4.

One precast concrete (PC) floor slab serving as the upper floor slab 4 has a size of about 1800 × 900.
A hook portion 34 made of a lifting steel bar was formed on the upper surface. Also,
When the upper floor slab 4 is manufactured at a factory, pipes and the like are embedded so as to form the heated air circulation holes 35. An inspection port 45 may be provided in the upper floor slab 4.

A joist 36 is placed on the upper floor slab 4, and a floor finishing base 37 made of plywood or the like is further placed thereon, and a finishing material 38 such as vinylite, cork tile, carpet tile or the like is further placed thereon.

An electric heating panel 6 as a heating panel is disposed inside the hollow space 2.
A machine room 8 provided with a blower (fan) 7 as a heat source adjuster is provided at the side, and a suction pipe 9 from the blower (fan) 7 is opened in the hollow space 2. The electric heating panel 6 uses a high quality 815 alloy (alloy) as a resistance wire, and uses a plurality of panels having a heating capacity of 430 to 510 watts / m ² at 200 volts. The use of late-night electric power is desirable, and the temperature control device (overheating prevention device) prevents overheating of the electric heating panel 6 due to malfunction.

Although not shown, piping for water, wiring for electric and communication lines or piping is also provided in the hollow space 2 as a piping duct room. The electric heating panel 6 may be a hot water type panel as long as it is a heating panel.

Further, the hollow space 2 can be used as an installation space for a moat kotatsu 41 and a storage box.

The building frame 1 may adopt any of the structural forms in which the wall 5 has a structural strength as a panel structure or where the wall 5 is not expected to have a structural strength as a rigid frame structure of columns and beams. Even when installing columns and beams,
The height and diameter of the column and the beam 13 are also set within the thickness of the lower floor slab 3 and the wall 5 so as not to protrude in and out. As a result, the thickness of the slab and the wall is secured, and the slab and the wall are used as a heat storage body.

In this way, the beam height and the column diameter are set within the thickness of the floor slab and the wall in connection with the use of the floor slab and the wall as the heat storage radiator, so that the column and the beam are indoors. The room will be clean and the structure will be excellent in sound insulation and earthquake resistance. Furthermore, since there are no irregularities on the walls and ceiling, the box type is used, and the remodeling becomes easy.

Further, the back surface of the lower floor slab 3, ie,
Although the ceiling surface of the lower floor is also a flat surface from which the beams 13 do not come out, the heat insulating material 44 is attached to this surface, but the heat insulating material 44 may be laid directly below the electric heating panel 6 for convenience of construction. .

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the wall 5 is formed by combining two precast concrete wall slabs 11a and 11b and forming a recess 12 formed in the precast concrete wall slabs 11a and 11b.
The pre-cast concrete wall slab 11a of the wall 5 is used as a heat storage radiator by securing an air flow path 14 by the air flow path 14a and the air flow path 14 through the air flow path 14.

In the illustrated example, the concave portion 12a is a rectangular one that occupies most of the central portion of the precast concrete wall slabs 11a and 11b, and the concave portion 12b is a half circular groove that forms an insertion hole extending vertically from the concave portion 12a. is there. The concave portion 12b may be provided on both sides of the precast concrete wall slab for the purpose of manufacturing the precast concrete wall.

A heat insulating material 39 such as a foamed synthetic resin sheet or an equivalent performance product is attached to the bottom surface of the concave portion 12a of the precast concrete wall slab 11b on the outdoor side (outside). Further, the outer surface (inside surface of the room) of the precast concrete wall slab 11a on the indoor side (inside) may be exposed and finished, but a finishing material such as a finished interior cloth 40 may be attached.

The air flow path thus formed in the wall 5
14 is connected to the blower (fan) 7 of the machine room 8.
An air supply pipe from an auxiliary heating device (not shown) may also be connected to the blower (fan) 7 so that the heating air from the auxiliary heating device can be sent to the air flow path 14 of the wall 5. .

In the figure, reference numeral 23 denotes a dry area opening at the land level, and in the hollow space 2 under the ground, the diatom-humidifying ceramic (mainly Suzuki Sangyo Co., Ltd.) mainly comprising the Wakkanai diatom shale when the electric heating panel 6 is disposed. A humidity control material 10 made of a company's trade name “Yu-Health”) or an equivalent performance product or Bincho charcoal sheet was placed on the top.

The building frame 1 of the present invention does not prevent the heat-insulating exterior material 15 from being attached or sprayed on the outdoor side of the wall 5 or the roof ceiling. By doing so, heat radiation to the outdoor side is suppressed, and it becomes more effective as an excellent external heat insulation system. The exterior material 15 is preferably made of a foamed synthetic resin or the like. In addition, an asphalt waterproof layer 16 is applied to the outside of the exterior material 15 in an underground portion or the like.

A temperature sensor 17 is provided indoors or in the upper floor slab 4, and the operation of the electric heating panel 6 and the blower (fan) 7 is controlled based on the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 17. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 25 denotes a temperature control box.

When the electric heating panel 6 is energized in this way to generate heat, the air temperature in the hollow space 2 rises, and the upper floor slab 4 is heated to act as a heat storage heating element. Indoor floor heating can be performed by radiant heat.
Further, the heat generated by the electric heating panel 6 can be stored in the lower floor slab 3 acting as a heat storage body.

Further, warm air from the hollow space 2 is
By passing through the inside air flow path 14 and using the wall 5 as a heat storage radiator, healthy heating can be performed by the effect of preventing dew condensation on the wall and its radiant heat.

When the building frame 1 has a plurality of floors as shown in FIG. 4, there are a plurality of slabs such as those on the ground floor, those on the second floor or more, and those on the basement. The floor slabs are also divided into a lower slab 3 and an upper slab 4 to form a double slab made of reinforced concrete, and the slab is a lower slab 3
And the upper floor slab 4 to secure the hollow space 2. In the figure, reference numeral 24 denotes a dehumidifying / ventilating port formed on each floor. Further, the total heat exchanger 42 can be provided on the wall 5 on the south side. The dehumidifying / ventilating port 24 and the total heat exchanger 42 are effective for preventing indoor dew condensation.

When the building frame 1 has a plurality of floors, the thickness of the wall 5 and the lower slab 3 is about 300 mm or more, and the thickness of the upper slab 4 is about 150 mm. The height of 2 is about 300-600mm. An electric heating panel 6 as a heat-generating panel is disposed inside the hollow space 2, and a machine room 8 having a blower (fan) 7 as a heat source adjuster is provided beside the hollow space 2. ) Open the suction tube 9 from 7 into the hollow space 2. In some cases, a total heat exchanger or the like is installed in the machine room 8 to place emphasis on passive, so that a passive system using auxiliary mechanical power is used.

The machine room 8 may be provided on each floor for each section of the building such as a condominium, etc., but it is also possible to provide one for several floors depending on the purpose of use. FIG. 5 shows a plan view of an example of an apartment installation.

In both the case of a detached house and the case of a multi-story floor, the slabs of the ground floor portion and the underground portion are located in the ground, and the underground soil stable temperature (for example, about 13 ° C. in the Kanto region) is effectively used. As a result, the efficiency of energy-saving temperature control by passive heating in the hollow space 2 can be increased.

In the above-described embodiment, the example of the electric heating panel 6 as the heat generating panel disposed inside the hollow space 2 has been described. However, this may be replaced with another type of panel such as a hot water type heat generating panel. .

Further, by installing a baseboard heating 43 using an electric heater, an oil heater, or the like as an auxiliary heater in the room directly on the wall frame, energy can be saved by a power source in a short time by utilizing the heat storage property of concrete. .

[0049]

As described above, in the energy-saving building of the present invention, the structure of the floor skeleton is suitable for a heat storage or a heat radiator. As a result, comfortable floor heating can be obtained, and the floor skeleton can be connected by piping or It can be used effectively for installation and replacement of wiring.

In addition, a space for filling heated air or an air flow path can be easily formed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional side view showing one embodiment of an energy saving building of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional side view of a main part showing one embodiment of the energy-saving building of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a floor showing one embodiment of the energy-saving building of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional side view showing a case of a multi-story building of the energy-saving building of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of an example of installing an apartment in an energy-saving building of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional side view of a wall of the energy-saving building of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a precast concrete wall slab of a wall of an energy-saving building of the present invention.

[Description of Signs] 1 ... Building frame 2 ... Hollow space 3 ... Lower floor slab 4 ... Upper floor slab 4a ... Step receiving part 4b ... Step retaining part 5 ... Wall 6 ... Electric heating panel 7 ... Blower 8 ... Machine room 9: suction pipe 10: humidity control material 11a, 11b: precast concrete wall slab 12a, 12b ... recess 13 ... beam 14 ... air passage 15 ... exterior material 16 ... asphalt waterproof layer 17 ... temperature sensor 23 ... dry area 24 ... dehumidification・ Ventilation port 25 ... Temperature control box 26 ... Steel plate 27 ... Gap 28 ... Piping 29 ... Joint support 30 ... Cushion 31 ... Support post 32 ... Brace 33 ... Cushion 34 ... Hook 35 ... Hot air circulation hole 36 … Joists 37… floor finishing base 38… finishing materials 39… insulation materials 40… finishing interior cloths 41… Hori Kotatsu 42… total heat exchanger 43… skirting heating 44… insulation materials 45…

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI theme coat ゛ (reference) F24D 5/10 F24D 5/10 11/00 11/00 A F term (reference) 2E001 DB05 DD15 DD17 EA01 EA03 FA03 FA11 FA24 GA12 GA20 HA04 NA03 NA05 NB01 ND02 ND06 2E002 EB12 FB23 MA21 MA46 MA47 WA07 3L071 AA04 AC02 AD03 CC04 CD01 CE01 CF06

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A slab of a building frame is divided into a lower slab and an upper slab to form a reinforced concrete double slab having a hollow space, and the hollow space is filled with heated air.
An energy-saving building characterized in that the upper slab is a precast concrete slab and can be freely opened and closed in hollow spaces. 2. The energy-saving building according to claim 1, wherein an electric heating panel as a heating panel is disposed inside the hollow space. 3. The energy-saving building according to claim 1, wherein a heated air circulation hole is formed in the upper floor slab. 4. The wall of the building frame is made of two precast concrete wall slabs, an air passage is secured by a recess formed in the precast concrete wall slab, and the air passage is heated by utilizing the heat storage property of the concrete. An energy-saving building characterized by using a heat storage radiator for the entire wall by allowing air to pass through. 5. The energy-saving building according to claim 4, wherein a heat insulating material is attached to a bottom surface of the concave portion of the precast concrete wall slab on the outdoor side.