JP2001227276A - Underground excavating device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an underground excavating device capable of excavating the ground and extracting ground samples regardless of the property of the ground owing to the capability of impact type and rotating type excavation with one device and continuously extracting from the object ground by excavating down to the desired depth, thereby permitting rapid and smooth work. SOLUTION: This underground excavating device is provided with an impulsive force imparting means and a rotating drive mechanism. While properly using the impact type and the rotating type according to the property of the ground, a core tube for sampling soil is fitted to the lowermost end part, and a rod is extended to penetrate the underground of desired depth. In excavating while rotating the rod, the peripheral surface of the rod is provided with fluid apertures preferably surrounded with a rotatable shaft sealing part, and rod hollow holes piercing as far as the core tube. A fluid is discharged around the core tube through the hollow holes to remove frictional heat generated at the core tube.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an underground excavator, and more particularly, to an underground excavator using impact and an underground excavation using rotation as required. Underground drilling equipment.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Excavation of the ground, collection of the ground sample, and investigation of the foundation ground have increased the necessity with the recent increase in size and height of structures. In addition, in order to measure the impact of urbanization on the natural environment, it has become necessary to conduct a soil contamination and groundwater contamination survey using collected ground samples.

As a general method of collecting a ground sample, there is a method in which a core tube is attached to a lower end of a rod, the core tube is lowered into a hole excavated in a desired ground, and the ground is pressed into the core tube. In collecting a ground sample by this method, there are roughly two types of underground excavators used depending on the properties of the ground to be collected.

[0004] When the ground is soft, excavation is performed by a percussion excavator. This is a device that has a striking head at the upper end of a rod with a core tube attached to the lower end, and excavates the core tube into the ground by applying a striking force to the striking head from above to excavate and collect a sample. is there.

[0005] When the ground is hard, excavation is usually performed by a rotary excavator. This is a device that excavates and collects a sample by pushing a rod having a core tube attached to its lower end while pushing it and excavating the core tube into the ground. At this time, since the digging is performed while rotating in the ground, heat is generated due to friction of the core tube during the digging, and seizure or deterioration of the collected sample becomes a problem. In order to prevent this, it is necessary to supply water or muddy water into the rod, and a water supply device called a water swivel is attached to the upper end of the rod as water supply means.
While suppressing the generation of frictional heat by the cooling action by water supply,
The lubricating action can prevent collapse of the borehole wall, and high quality has the advantage that a ground sample can be obtained.

[0006]

However, excavation by a percussion drilling rig generally uses a single pipe,
Excavation depth was limited. Since the properties of the ground differ depending on the stratum, there is a problem that the excavation work is interrupted if the ground reaches the hard ground during excavation.

[0007] Excavation using only a rotary excavator that can excavate regardless of the nature of the ground seems to be desirable. However, since the equipment and its equipment are large and excavation is performed using circulating mud, the excavation speed is low. In a situation where the ground is soft and the excavation can be performed by the impact type excavator, the excavation can be performed more efficiently by using the impact type excavator. For this reason, conventionally, when collecting a ground sample, the above two types of excavators were selectively used depending on the soft hardness of the ground, but every time the equipment was replaced, the inspection process was inadequate due to reinvestigation, etc. Excavation was rarely performed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, and it is possible to perform excavation and soil sampling with a single device regardless of the nature of the ground, and to excavate to a desired depth. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an underground excavator capable of continuously collecting the target ground and performing a quick and smooth operation.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is an underground excavator for excavating ground and collecting a ground sample.
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems of the related art, the following configuration is provided.

That is, an impact force applying means which is located on the surface of the ground and has a rod rotation drive mechanism incorporated therein, a rod portion which receives the impact force at the top and enters the ground, and is provided at the tip of the rod. An underground excavation device comprising a core tube and a core tube rotatable through the rod by the rod rotation drive mechanism, a fluid opening in a rod peripheral surface on a side protruding above the ground surface, and a core tube penetrating to the core tube. A hollow hole is provided to discharge fluid to around the core tube through the hollow hole to remove frictional heat generated by rotation of the core tube.

According to the invention, excavation and ground sampling can be performed by selectively using impact and rotary excavation depending on the nature of the ground with one device, and by excavating efficiently to a desired depth, The target ground can be continuously collected, and work can be performed quickly and smoothly. In particular, since the rotary excavation can be performed while removing the frictional heat generated by the rotation of the core tube, the sampling ground does not deteriorate.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, the opening provided in the rod peripheral surface is surrounded by a rotatable shaft sealing portion by a bearing, and a fluid intake port is provided in the shaft sealing portion. It is preferable that a fluid can penetrate the inside.
In other words, when excavating by rotating the rod, the shaft sealing portion is made independent of the rotating operation of the rod by the bearing, thereby preventing the connection tube to the fluid inlet provided in the shaft sealing portion from being twisted. It is. of course,
When only excavation by impact is performed using the underground excavator of the present invention, the shaft sealing portion may be removed.

The water feeder used in the rotary excavator of the prior art is attached to the upper end of the rod to feed water (see FIG. 5). However, in the present invention, the impact applying means and the impact head for receiving the impact are provided on the upper portion of the rod, so that water cannot be fed from the upper end of the rod. Therefore, by providing a fluid opening on the peripheral surface of the rod, and by providing a water supply device improved in the opening to allow water to be supplied from the lateral direction with respect to the axis of the conventional water supply device, the conventional impact type drilling device can be provided. It can be improved to a rotary drilling rig, and one drilling rig can be used for both types of drilling.

Still preferably, in the present invention, a ring-shaped space is provided in the shaft sealing portion so that a fluid can enter the ring-shaped space, and one or a plurality of openings provided on the rod side are formed in the ring-shaped space. It is characterized by facing the space. Thereby, when excavating by rotating the rod, that is, when using fluid for removing frictional heat of the core tube, it is possible to send fluid to the rod hollow through the shaft sealing portion even while the rod is rotating. To do that.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the underground excavator of the first aspect, the rod can be extended from below the rod opening. According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the excavation can be performed to a deeper depth by excavating while adding the rod, and the sampling operation of the desired formation using the core tube can be efficiently performed. Of course, a single rod of a predetermined length without extension may be used.

In the present invention, the connection tube attached to the fluid inlet provided in the shaft sealing portion is preferably formed of a flexible member. It is more convenient to use a connection tube that can be freely deformed when the rod moves up and down due to extension of the rod, replacement of the core tube, etc., or depending on water supply conditions, installation conditions of the present invention, and the like. That's why.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An underground excavator according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the components described in this embodiment are not merely intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but are merely illustrative examples unless otherwise specified. Absent.

An underground excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 shows an underground excavator 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 (A)
1 is a front view of the present invention, and FIG. 1 (B) is a side view. FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the shaft sealing portion 8 installed on the rod 4. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.
It is sectional drawing of the -A direction. FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the rod 4 and the core tube 7.

The underground excavator 1 according to the present invention has an impact applying means 2 in which a rod rotation drive mechanism 14 is incorporated.
It comprises a striking head 3, a plurality of rods 4 extended in the axial direction, a core tube 7, a shaft sealing portion 8, a fluid inlet 9, a connecting tube 11, a column 18 and the like. The impact force applying means 2 is a hydraulic lifting hammer 23 used in a known impact type excavator, and applies an impact force to the impact head 3 provided at the upper end of the rod 4 by an up / down operation. Then, the rod is made to enter the ground 101. Incidentally, the rod 4 has a hollow hole 6, but the upper end of the rod 4 is provided with a striking head, so that the striking head side is closed (see FIG. 2). A core tube 7 is attached to the lower end of the rod 4, so that the core tube can be replaced depending on the excavation method and the nature of the ground. Also, by providing a cylindrical linear (refer to FIG. 2) in advance in the core tube,
A ground sample can be collected in the linear. Further, although the rod hollow 6 and the core tube 7 are penetrated, the fluid passes while preventing soil and the like taken into the core tube 7 from entering the hollow 6 during excavation and sampling. Preferably, a possible cap (not shown) or a filter (not shown) is provided between the hollow hole 6 and the core tube 7.

Further, as the rotary drive mechanism 14, the impact force applying means 2 also serving as a rotary drive device, and the hitting head 3 at the upper end portion of the rod or a connecting head (instead of the hitting head 3) ( (Not shown) and the core tube 7 through the rod 4.
However, it is not limited to this.

Next, referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, the configuration of the shaft sealing portion according to claim 2 or 3 is configured so that a fluid can enter the rod hollow hole 6 through an opening provided on the rod peripheral surface. Will be explained.

In order to remove frictional heat generated during excavation using rotation, one or more openings 5 for supplying fluid to the core tube 7 are provided on the peripheral surface of the rod 4 (see FIG. 4). ). The shaft seal 8 that enables the supply of fluid independently of the rotation of the rod includes a fluid inlet 9, a ring-shaped space 10, a bearing 12, and a packing 13.
The opening 5 is attached so as to be bent. The shaft seal 8 is rotatably installed by the bearing 12, and the packing 13 is provided by the bearing 12.
This is for preventing oil leakage. Fluid is taken into the shaft seal portion 8 from a fluid supply source by a connection tube 11 (not shown) connected to the fluid intake port 9, and the fluid flows into the hollow hole 6 through the fluid opening 5 formed in the rod 4. The intrusion is configured. By providing the ring-shaped space 10 in the shaft sealing portion 8, the fluid taken in from the fluid inlet 9 can enter the inside of the ring-shaped space 10, regardless of the rotation state of the rod 4. It is preferable because one or a plurality of the fluid openings 5 provided in the fluid inlet 4 can inject a fluid. Further, it is preferable that the number of bores of the fluid openings 5 is adjusted by a required fluid amount calculated in consideration of the rotation speed of the rod and the properties of the ground.

FIG. 4 shows that, below the rod 4 having the opening 5 formed therein, an extension rod having no opening is connected so as to be able to extend, and is configured to be extendable by successively extending the rods. An underground excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention in which a core tube 7 is attached to a lower end of the rod is illustrated. A male screw 15a is provided at one end and a female screw 15b is provided at the other end as a joint portion between the rod 4 having the opening 5 and the rod for adding, and a rod having a desired length is connected to the connected rods by screw connection. Is composed. The core tube attachment site has the same configuration. Because of the screw connection, it can be easily attached and detached, so that the extension of the rod and the replacement of the core tube can be performed smoothly. It is a matter of course that a means other than the screw, such as providing a small-diameter portion on one rod and press-fitting the small-diameter portion into a large-diameter portion of an adjacent rod, can be employed in the joint portion. Further, it is preferable to use the core tube 7 for excavation and for sampling, and also to use the core tube 7 in a different excavation method between impact excavation and rotary excavation according to the properties of the ground. In particular, when the underground excavator of the present invention is used only for excavation purposes, or when there is an excavation depth up to the ground where the sample is taken, a conical penetrating portion (not shown) for excavation is used instead of the core tube 7. ) Is preferably used.

In this embodiment, the length of the core tube is 1 m, the length of each rod is 1 to 1.5 m, and the axial length of the shaft sealing portion is 0.3 m. By adding, excavation by impact and rotation was possible up to a maximum depth of about 25 to 30 m, so that sampling of the ground at the aforementioned depth became possible.

Next, a situation of excavation using the underground excavator 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described. After the underground excavator 1 is installed at a predetermined place where ground sampling is required, a step of excavating the rod 4 into the ground is started. A striking hammer 23 incorporated in a hydraulic elevator 22 provided in the column 18 applies an impact force to the striking head 3 provided at the upper end of the rod 4 having the core tube 7 attached to the lower end by a lifting operation. By doing so, the rod enters the ground 101. When the rod 4 has penetrated to an appropriate depth, the rod is extended and driven.

Hereinafter, the rod is made to penetrate into the ground while successively extending the rod. When the ground collides with a hard stratum, the rod is driven into the ground by rotation using the rotary drive mechanism 14. When the rod 4 and the core tube 7 are rotated, the pressure fluid, for example, water or air taken in from the fluid inlet 9 is caused to enter the rod through the shaft sealing portion 8 and is sent to the core tube by the fluid thickness, and the frictional heat is generated. Is removed.

Next, a process of collecting ground soil using the underground excavator 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described.
After reaching the desired underground depth by the excavation process, the rod 4 is once pulled up to the surface of the ground, and if necessary, the core tube 7 is replaced or washed to remove soil from the core tube. A linear 21 capable of collecting the ground in a cylindrical shape is provided in 7. After lowering the core tube 7 into the hole that was previously excavated to the underground depth, the ground is pushed or rotated according to the properties of the ground, and the ground is collected while being pushed into the core tube 7. When the ground of a predetermined length has been collected, the rod and the core tube are pulled up on the surface of the ground, and the collected ground soil is removed. By repeating the above-described sampling steps as necessary, the target target stratum can be continuously sampled.

Of course, when the step of collecting the ground soil is carried out by rotation, the pressure fluid, for example, water or mud, taken in from the fluid inlet 9 through the shaft sealing portion 8, The fluid is sent into the core tube 7 by fluid pressure and is cooled by water or air, and furthermore, the frictional resistance is reduced by the film of the discharged water or air, thereby removing frictional heat.

The underground excavator of the present invention is capable of not only collecting soil from the ground but also collecting groundwater by using a screen tube instead of a core tube. it can. Needless to say, it is also used for collecting soil gas containing volatile trichlorethylene and the like.

[0030]

As described above, according to the underground excavator of the present invention, the excavation by the impact type and the excavation by the rotary type can be performed, so that one device can cover a wide range of ground from soft to hard. It is possible to do. That is, since the excavation is performed by a single unit without exchanging the excavating equipment as in the related art, it is possible to continuously perform the sampling of the target ground soil, so that the ground investigation, the ground soil and the contamination of the groundwater can be quickly and smoothly performed. It is possible to investigate the situation.

Further, according to the underground excavator of the present invention, since only one excavator is required, the operation is simple, and it is possible to cope with various ground soils in a short time without disturbing the ground environment. It becomes possible.

Further, by adding a rod that penetrates into the ground, it is possible to excavate a deeper ground than using a rod of a predetermined length alone, and thus it is possible to collect a soil sample at a wide excavation depth. Becomes

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an underground excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein (A) is a front view and (B) is a side view.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a shaft seal installed on a rod used in the present embodiment.

3 is a cross-sectional view of the shaft sealing portion taken along the line AA in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a rod and a core tube used in the present embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a front view of a conventional rotary excavator.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Underground excavator 3 Striking head 4 Rod 5 Fluid opening 6 Hollow hole 7 Core tube 8 Shaft sealing part 9 Fluid intake 10 Ring space 12 Bearing 101 Ground

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Yukinori Imamura 6-13-9 Owada-cho, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo No. 203 Umezawa Building No. 1 Inside Yukibe Chiken Co., Ltd.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. An impact force applying means which is located on the surface of the ground and has a rod rotation driving mechanism incorporated therein, a rod portion which receives the impact force at a top portion and penetrates into the ground, and is provided at a tip of the rod. An underground excavation device comprising a core tube and a rotatable core tube rotatable by the rod rotation drive mechanism, wherein a fluid opening is formed in a rod peripheral surface on a side protruding above the ground surface, and the core tube is penetrated to the core tube. An underground excavator, comprising: a rod hollow hole for discharging a fluid around the core tube through the hollow hole to remove frictional heat generated by rotation of the core tube. 2. An opening provided in the peripheral surface of the rod is surrounded by a shaft seal portion rotatably constituted by a bearing, and a fluid inlet is provided in the shaft seal portion. The underground excavator according to claim 1, wherein the underground excavator is configured to be intrudable. 3. A ring-shaped space is provided in the shaft sealing portion so that a fluid can enter the ring-shaped space through the fluid inlet, and one or a plurality of openings provided on a rod side are formed in the ring-shaped space. 3. The underground excavator according to claim 2, wherein the excavator faces the space. 4. The underground excavator according to claim 1, wherein a rod is sequentially extended from a lower rod portion connected to the rod opening and is extendable. 5. The underground excavator according to claim 1, wherein the connection tube attached to the fluid inlet of the shaft sealing portion has flexibility.