JP2001226142A - Method for forming through-hole - Google Patents

Method for forming through-hole

Info

Publication number
JP2001226142A
JP2001226142A JP2000038437A JP2000038437A JP2001226142A JP 2001226142 A JP2001226142 A JP 2001226142A JP 2000038437 A JP2000038437 A JP 2000038437A JP 2000038437 A JP2000038437 A JP 2000038437A JP 2001226142 A JP2001226142 A JP 2001226142A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
hole
forming
protective film
film
lid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP2000038437A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP4031171B2 (en
Inventor
Masaru Matsuyama
勝 松山
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Seiko Instruments Inc
Original Assignee
Seiko Instruments Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Seiko Instruments Inc filed Critical Seiko Instruments Inc
Priority to JP2000038437A priority Critical patent/JP4031171B2/en
Publication of JP2001226142A publication Critical patent/JP2001226142A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP4031171B2 publication Critical patent/JP4031171B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Landscapes

  • Weting (AREA)
  • Piezo-Electric Or Mechanical Vibrators, Or Delay Or Filter Circuits (AREA)
  • Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a piezoelectric vibrator manufactured by using a forming method of a through-hole having an excellent through shape. SOLUTION: Protective films 24 are formed on an upper surface and a lower surface of a lid body forming substrate 22, openings are provided in a recessed part 13 forming part and a through-hole 22a forming part, a resist film 25 for blast is formed at a through-hole 22a forming side and an opening is provided in the through-hole 22a forming part, a blast processing is executed and a preliminary hole 32 is opened. Thereafter, the resist film 25 for blast is removed, chemical etching is executed to form the recessed part 13 and the through-hole 22a.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、スルーホール形成
方法に関する。
The present invention relates to a method for forming a through hole.

【従来の技術】従来のガラスや水晶等のスルーホール加
工には、レーザー加工法やブラスト加工法やエッチング
加工が用いられる。圧電振動子において、例えば、特開
平7−154183に示されるように、ガラスやシリコ
ンをエッチングし外部との電気的導通をとるためのスル
ーホールを有する圧電振動子の蓋体を形成することが記
載されている。エッチング加工法では高精度、微細加工
が可能であり、比較的加工時間が短いという長所があ
る。更にバッチ処理が可能なことから、ガラスや水晶
(SiO2)からなる基板に多数のスルーホールを一度
に形成することができ、量産には適している。
2. Description of the Related Art Laser processing, blasting, and etching are used for processing through holes in conventional glass and quartz. In a piezoelectric vibrator, for example, as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-154183, it is described that a lid of a piezoelectric vibrator having a through hole for obtaining electrical conduction with the outside by etching glass or silicon is described. Have been. The etching method has advantages that high precision and fine processing can be performed, and the processing time is relatively short. Further, since batch processing is possible, a large number of through holes can be formed at once in a substrate made of glass or quartz (SiO 2 ), which is suitable for mass production.

【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、ガラス
は等方にエッチングされるため、スルーホールは図7に
示すように球状に形成される。このため、圧電振動子の
蓋体をガラス基板から形成し、エッチング加工法により
電気的導通を取るためのスルーホールを形成すると、ス
ルーホール内壁面に電気的導通を取るためのスパッタ等
による電極膜付けを行う場合等において、スパッタによ
り膜形成がされにくい影となる部分ができ、均一に電極
膜が形成されず電気的な抵抗値が上昇する等の不都合が
生じ、電気的導通が甚だしく悪くなり、圧電振動子のス
ルーホールとしては適さないという課題があった。ま
た、水晶からなる基板にエッチング加工法によりスルー
ホールを形成する場合においては、水晶にエッチング加
工を行うと、水晶の異方性によってスルーホールの形状
はいびつにエッチングされ、均一な面をもつ形状は得ら
れず、電極膜は均一に形成されないことから、圧電振動
子のスルーホールとして適さないという問題があった。
ブラスト加工では、微細な粒子を用いる微細ブラスト加
工であれば高精度かつ多数のスルーホールを一度に基板
にあけることは可能であるが、加工時間が掛かり低価格
の実現が難しい。粗い粒子を用いてブラスト加工すれば
加工時間を短縮することは可能であるが、スルーホール
内側表面は粗面となるため形状は不均一となり、クラッ
クも発生しやすくなることから、加工精度や信頼性に問
題があった。また表面が粗面であることから、電極膜を
形成した場合に均一に形成されない。レーザー技術を用
いる方法もあるが、数百ミクロンの径のスルーホールを
何百個も基板に開けるには、加工時間が掛かりすぎるた
め低価格化が実現できない。また、高精度のスルーホー
ルを求めるにはエキシマレーザーが適するが、装置や維
持費等が高額となり問題であった。
However, since the glass is isotropically etched, the through holes are formed in a spherical shape as shown in FIG. For this reason, when the lid of the piezoelectric vibrator is formed from a glass substrate and a through hole for establishing electrical continuity is formed by an etching method, an electrode film formed by sputtering or the like for establishing electrical continuity on the inner wall surface of the through hole. In the case of attaching, for example, a shadowed portion where film formation is difficult to be formed by sputtering is generated, and an inconvenience such as an increase in electric resistance value due to the inability to uniformly form an electrode film occurs, resulting in extremely poor electrical conduction. However, there is a problem that it is not suitable as a through hole of a piezoelectric vibrator. Also, in the case where a through hole is formed on a substrate made of quartz by an etching method, if the etching process is performed on the quartz, the shape of the through hole is irregularly etched due to the anisotropy of the quartz, and a shape having a uniform surface is formed. However, since the electrode film was not formed uniformly, there was a problem that it was not suitable as a through hole of a piezoelectric vibrator.
In blasting, it is possible to form a large number of through-holes on a substrate at once with high accuracy if fine blasting using fine particles is used, but it takes a long processing time and it is difficult to realize low cost. Blasting using coarse particles can shorten the processing time, but the inner surface of the through-hole is rough, so the shape becomes uneven and cracks are more likely to occur. There was a problem with sex. Further, since the surface is rough, when the electrode film is formed, it is not formed uniformly. Although there is a method using laser technology, it takes too much processing time to form hundreds of through holes having a diameter of several hundreds of microns in a substrate, so that cost reduction cannot be realized. An excimer laser is suitable for obtaining a high-precision through-hole, but has a problem in that equipment and maintenance costs are high.

【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題を解決するため
に、本発明のスルーホール形成方法は、ブラスト加工を
あらかじめガラスや水晶等の蓋体形成基板のスルーホー
ル形成部分に短時間加えて予備穴を開けておき、その
後、予備穴の形状を利用して化学的エッチング加工を行
う方法を用いる。なお、予備穴のブラスト用レジスト膜
およびスルーホール形成のエッチングからの保護膜はフ
ォトリソグラフィー法により高精度にパターニングす
る。このような方法によれば、前述したエッチングでの
抜け形状を改善でき、滑らかで直線的な内壁面のスルー
ホールが得られる。さらに、高精度、微細加工が可能で
比較的加工時間が短く、バッチ処理が可能というエッチ
ング加工法の長所をいかしながら、基板上に多数のスル
ーホールを一度に形成することが可能となる。また、上
記のようなスルーホール形成方法を用いて、圧電振動子
とその基端部に一体的に接続されて当該圧電振動片の周
囲を囲む枠状部とを有する圧電振動板と、前記圧電振動
板の両側表面に設けられて前記圧電振動板を振動させる
一対の励振電極膜と、前記励振電極膜と連結する接合膜
を介して接合されて前記圧電振動片のその振動を妨げる
ことなく気密封止する凹部を有する一対のガラスからな
る蓋体とを具備する圧電振動子の、前記蓋体を複数形成
する蓋体形成基板の上下面に保護膜を形成し、フォトリ
ソグラフィー法により一方の面の前記保護膜に開口部を
形成し、前記開口部を有する側の前記保護膜の上面およ
び側面を覆うレジスト膜を形成し、ブラスト加工により
予備穴を形成し、前記レジスト膜を除去し、エッチング
加工によりスルーホールを形成し、前記保護膜を除去す
ることを特徴とする圧電振動子の製造方法を提供するも
のである。また、予備穴は基板の上下面を貫通すること
も特徴とする。予備穴は貫通していなくてもエッチング
加工の抜け形状を改善することが可能であるが、予備穴
が基板の上下面を貫通することにより、スルーホール形
状のバラツキを減少できる。本発明のスルーホール形成
方法を圧電振動子の励振電極の外部との電気的導通をと
るためのスルーホール形成に用いると、前述のエッチン
グ加工法の長所をいかして、滑らかで直線的な内壁面を
有する抜け形状が改善された多数のスルーホールを短時
間で形成できることから、電極膜が均一に形成され電気
的導通が良好で抵抗値が低く性能の高い低価格の圧電振
動子の量産を行うことが可能となった。
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a method of forming a through-hole according to the present invention comprises a method of preliminarily applying a blast process to a through-hole forming portion of a lid forming substrate such as glass or quartz for a short time. A method is used in which a hole is formed, and then a chemical etching process is performed using the shape of the preliminary hole. The blast resist film in the preliminary hole and the protective film from etching for forming the through hole are patterned with high precision by photolithography. According to such a method, it is possible to improve the shape of the above-mentioned etching, and to obtain a smooth and straight through hole on the inner wall surface. Furthermore, it is possible to form a large number of through holes on a substrate at one time while taking advantage of the etching processing method that enables high precision, fine processing, a relatively short processing time, and batch processing. A piezoelectric vibrating plate having a piezoelectric vibrator and a frame-shaped portion integrally connected to a base end thereof and surrounding the piezoelectric vibrating piece, using the through-hole forming method as described above; A pair of excitation electrode films provided on both side surfaces of the vibration plate to vibrate the piezoelectric vibration plate and a bonding film connected to the excitation electrode film via a bonding film to prevent the vibration of the piezoelectric vibration member without obstructing the vibration thereof; A protective film is formed on upper and lower surfaces of a lid forming substrate on which a plurality of the lids are formed, and one surface of the piezoelectric vibrator is provided with a pair of glass lids having a concave portion for tight sealing. Forming an opening in the protective film, forming a resist film covering the upper surface and side surfaces of the protective film on the side having the opening, forming a preliminary hole by blasting, removing the resist film, and etching. By processing Forming a through-hole, there is provided a method for manufacturing a piezoelectric vibrator, which comprises removing the protective film. Further, the preliminary hole is characterized in that it penetrates the upper and lower surfaces of the substrate. Even if the preliminary hole does not penetrate, it is possible to improve the escape shape of the etching process. However, since the preliminary hole penetrates the upper and lower surfaces of the substrate, variation in the shape of the through hole can be reduced. When the through-hole forming method of the present invention is used for forming a through-hole for establishing electrical continuity with the outside of the excitation electrode of the piezoelectric vibrator, a smooth and straight inner wall surface can be obtained by taking advantage of the above-described etching method. A large number of through-holes with improved through-holes can be formed in a short period of time, so that mass production of low-cost piezoelectric vibrators with uniform electrode films, good electrical continuity, low resistance, and high performance It became possible.

【発明の実施の形態】本発明は、ブラスト加工をあらか
じめガラスや水晶等の基板に加えて予備穴を開けてお
き、その後、エッチング加工をおこなうことで抜け形状
を改善しながら高精度、微細加工を短時間でおこなうも
のである。予備穴はその後にエッチングでなめらかな面
に加工されるため、粗い面で仕上げられていても問題無
く、砥粒径を大きなものにすることで加工時間は短縮さ
れる。エッチング加工を利用でき、複数のスルーホール
を一度に形成することができる。上記のような本発明の
スルーホール形成方法を圧電振動子のスルーホール形成
に利用することで、このスルーホールを介した電気的導
通を良好なものとすることができる。以下に実施例を示
す。
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention provides a high-precision, fine-machining process in which a blasting process is performed in advance on a substrate made of glass, quartz, or the like, and a preliminary hole is formed. In a short time. Since the preliminary hole is subsequently processed into a smooth surface by etching, there is no problem even if the preliminary surface is finished with a rough surface, and the processing time is reduced by increasing the abrasive grain size. A plurality of through holes can be formed at a time by using etching. By using the through hole forming method of the present invention as described above for forming a through hole of a piezoelectric vibrator, it is possible to improve the electrical continuity through the through hole. Examples will be described below.

【実施例】(実施例1)図を参照してスルーホール形成
方法を説明する。図1は本発明の実施例を示す断面図で
ある。3がスルーホールの完成形状である。図2は、本
発明のスルーホールの形成法の工程図である。まず、図
2(a)に示すようにガラスからなる基板1の上面およ
び下面の表面に金薄膜等のエッチング液からの保護膜4
を形成し、フォトリソグラフィー法によりエッチングさ
れるべきパターンを形成する。すなわち、ガラスからな
る基板1の一方の面の保護膜において、フォトリソグラ
フィー法によりスルーホール形成部の保護膜を除去し、
スルーホール3を形成するための開口部6を形成する。
つぎに、図2(b)に示すようにウレタン系などのブラ
スト用レジスト膜5をガラスからなる基板1上の開口部
6を有する側の保護膜4の上面と開口部6の部分の保護
膜4の側面を覆うように形成し、ブラスト加工を行う。
これにより図2(c)に示すように予備穴2が形成され
る。例えばガラス基板の厚みが100〜500ミクロン
の場合に用いられるブラスト粒子の粒径は2〜50ミク
ロン程度が適当である。図2(d)に示すようにブラス
ト用レジスト膜5を剥離した後、先の保護膜4を利用し
てフッ酸等により化学的エッチングを施す。このとき、
エッチングは予備穴の形状を拡大するように進み、図2
(e)に示すようにスルーホール3の仕上り形状とな
る。そして図2(f)のように保護膜4を剥離し、スル
ーホール3を完成する。なお、予備穴2を加工するタイ
ミングは保護膜4の形成前でも全く問題ない。 (実施例2)図2は本発明の他の実施例を示す断面図で
ある。予備穴2のブラスト加工による加工深さは図2の
ように反対面まで貫通している。予備穴2が貫通してい
る以外は実施例1と同様にスルーホール3を形成した。
この場合、スルーホール3は実施例1よりも直線的に形
成された。ブラスト加工の時間が実施例1よりも若干長
くなるが、エッチング時間が短縮され、また、スルーホ
ールの形状のバラツキが減少できた。 (実施例3)基板1が水晶である以外は実施例1と同様
の加工を行った。水晶にエッチング加工を行うと、水晶
の異方性によってスルーホールをいびつにエッチングさ
れ、均一な壁面を持つスルーホールは得られない。本発
明のスルーホール形成方法のようにブラスト加工により
予備穴2を形成後にエッチング加工を行うことで、エッ
チング加工の時間が短縮され、水晶の結晶構造に従って
エッチングされスルーホール3が異方性を持つ前に加工
が完了し、直線的な壁面を持つスルーホール3が形成さ
れた。 (実施例4)本発明のスルーホール形成方法でスルーホ
ールを形成した蓋体を用いた圧電振動子の一実施例の製
造工程について図を参照しながら説明する。本実施形態
の圧電振動子は、圧電振動片とその基端部に一体的に接
続されて圧電振動片の周囲を囲む枠状部とを有する圧電
振動板と、その圧電振動板の両側表面に設けられて圧電
振動板を振動させる一対の励振電極膜と、その励振電極
膜と連結する接合膜を介して接合されて圧電振動片の振
動をさまたげることなく、振動可能な状態で気密封止す
る凹部を有する一対の蓋体とを具備する構造であり、例
えば、図4のように、水晶(SiO2)からなり、音叉
型の水晶振動片を有する水晶振動子10である。水晶振
動片11とその周囲を囲むように一体的に形成された枠
状部15からなる水晶振動板12と、この水晶振動板1
2の両面に接合されて水晶振動片11を振動可能な状態
で気密封止する一対の蓋体14から成るものである。蓋
体14は、図5(a)に示すように、例えば、ソーダラ
イムガラスからなる蓋体形成基板22に凹部13を複数
形成する。すなわち、蓋体形成基板22に複数の蓋体1
4を一体的に形成する。あわせて、各蓋体の14の長手
方向における各蓋体14の間にスルーホール22aが形
成され、このスルーホール22aの内壁面は、蓋体形成
基板22を切断後、蓋体14の側面の一部となる。この
ような凹部13の形成方法は、特に限定されないが、例
えば、本実施形態では、図6(a)に示すように、蓋体
形成基板22上の一方面側に、スパッタリング法による
金属薄膜のマスク30を設ける。このマスク30に、フ
ォトリソグラフィー法により蓋体14の水晶振動板12
との接合面側の水晶振動片11に対応する部分のマスク
30を除去し開口部31を設ける。そして、図6(b)
に示すように、このマスク30上から、例えば、エッチ
ングによって蓋体形成基板22上に凹部13を複数形成
できる。なお、凹部13は、微細粒子によるサンドブラ
スト法によっても形成できる。そして、スルーホール2
2aの形成方法は、まず、図7(a)に示すように、蓋
体形成基板22の上面および下面の表面に金薄膜等のエ
ッチング液からの保護膜24を形成し、フォトリソグラ
フィー法によりパターニングし、エッチングされるべき
パターンを形成する。すなわち、蓋体形成基板22の凹
部13を形成した面とは反対側の面の保護膜24におい
て、フォトリソグラフィー法によりパターニングし、ス
ルーホール形成部の保護膜24を除去し、スルーホール
22aを形成するための開口部26を形成する。つぎ
に、図7(b)に示すようにウレタン系などのブラスト
用レジスト膜25を蓋体形成基板22上の開口部26を
有する側の保護膜24の上面と側面を覆うように形成
し、ブラスト加工を行う。これにより図7(c)に示す
ように予備穴32が形成される。図7(d)に示すよう
にブラスト用レジスト膜25を剥離した後、先の保護膜
24を利用してフッ酸等により化学的エッチングを施
す。このとき、エッチングは予備穴32の形状を拡大す
るように進み、図7(e)に示すようにスルーホール2
2aの仕上り形状となる。この後、図7(f)のように
保護膜を剥離し、スルーホール22aを完成した。この
ようにスルーホール22aを形成することで、蓋体形成
基板22上に多数のスルーホール22aを抜け形状を改
善した状態で、精度よく短時間で一度に形成することが
可能となった。なお、予備穴32を加工するタイミング
は保護膜24の形成前でも全く問題ない。また、図示は
していないが、スルーホール22aと凹部13とを同時
に形成してもよく、抜け形状を改善したスルーホール2
2aが得られることは言うまでもない。蓋体形成基板2
2の上面および下面の表面に金薄膜等のエッチング液か
らの保護膜24を形成し、一方の面の保護膜24にフォ
トリソグラフィー法によりパターニングし、凹部13を
形成するための開口部31を形成し、蓋体形成基板22
の凹部13を形成する面とは反対側の面の保護膜24に
おいて、フォトリソグラフィー法によりパターニング
し、スルーホール形成部の保護膜を除去し、スルーホー
ル22aを形成するための開口部26を形成する。つぎ
に、ウレタン系などのブラスト用レジスト膜を蓋体形成
基板22上のスルーホール22a形成用の開口部を有す
る側の保護膜の上面と側面を覆うように形成し、スルー
ホールを形成する側のブラスト加工を行い、予備穴を形
成する。ブラスト用レジスト膜を剥離した後、先の保護
膜を利用してフッ酸等により化学的エッチングを施し、
スルーホール22aを仕上り形状とする。この後、保護
膜を剥離し、スルーホール22aを完成した。凹部13
はこのエッチングの段階で、凹部13形成側の面の保護
膜24にフォトリソグラフィー法により設けられた凹部
13形成用の開口部31からエッチングされ、スルーホ
ール22aと共に完成する。水晶振動板12は、例え
ば、厚さが0.02〜0.2mmの水晶ウェハー21を
エッチングすることにより、図5(b)に示すように一
枚の水晶ウェハー21上に複数の水晶振動片11を形成
する。すなわち、水晶ウェハー21に複数の水晶振動板
12を一体的に形成する。また同時に、蓋体形成基板2
2のスルーホール22aに対応する部分には、スルーホ
ール22aよりも小さいスルーホール21aが形成さ
れ、このスルーホール21aの内面は、水晶ウェハー2
1を切断後、水晶振動板12の側面の一部となる。この
ように形成された水晶ウェハー21の全表面に亘って例
えば、図8(a)のように、クロム、アルミニウム等を
金属膜をスパッタリング等によって成膜する。本実施形
態では、アルミニウムを用いた。次に図8(b)のよう
に、この金属膜をパターニングして、水晶振動片11を
振動させるための励振電極膜16、蓋体形成基板22と
の実際の接合膜となる接合膜17、18を水晶振動片1
1の周囲の枠状部15となる部分に対応して形成する。
ここで、各励振電極膜16a、16bは、各面の長手方
向反対側の端部まで延設され、一方の極の励振電極16
aがリード電極19に接続され、他方の極の励振電極1
6bがリード電極20に接続している。次いで図8
(c)のように、水晶ウェハー21の両面側に蓋体14
を複数形成した一対の蓋体形成基板22を配置し、不活
性ガス中、又は真空中で例えば、100℃〜200℃に
加熱すると共に水晶ウェハー21の上下面の接合膜1
7、18と蓋体形成基板22とに、接合膜17、18側
が陽極となるように、直流電源によってそれぞれ0.5
〜3kVの直流電圧を印加し陽極接合し各凹部13内に
水晶振動片11を気密封止する。このように、陽極接合
によって水晶ウェハー21及び蓋体形成基板22を接合
すると、次いで、図8(d)のように、接合膜17、1
8及び一方の蓋体14の表面上に、例えば、クロム(C
r)及び金(Au)等からなる金属膜をスパッタリング
等により成膜して、さらにこの金属膜をパターニングす
ることによりリード電極19、20を接合膜17が延設
された側の蓋体14表面にわたって形成する。その後、
図8(e)のように、所定位置においてダイシング等に
より切断し、個々の水晶振動子を得た。このリード電極
19、20はつまり、接合膜17、18から蓋体のスル
ーホール22aの内壁面を介して蓋体14表面に亘り形
成されたものであるが、本発明のスルーホール形成方法
によりスルーホール21aの抜け形状は改善され、直線
的でしかも滑らかな壁面をもつスルーホールであること
から、金属膜を均一に成膜でき電気的導通が良好となり
抵抗値の低い水晶振動子が得られた。本実施形態では、
圧電振動子の蓋体をソーダライムガラスにより形成した
が、水晶を用いた場合の蓋体のスルーホール形成に本発
明の方法を用いてもよい。 (実施例5)圧電振動子の蓋体のスルーホール形成にお
いて、予備穴32のブラスト加工による加工深さを反対
面まで貫通させた以外は実施例4と同様の工程で圧電振
動子を形成した。この場合、スルーホール22aはより
直線的に形成された。ブラスト加工の時間が若干長くな
るが、エッチング時間が短縮され、また、スルーホール
の形状のバラツキが減少できた。スルーホールの内壁面
がより直線的なため、リード電極形成のための金属膜が
良好に形成された。
(Embodiment 1) A method of forming a through hole will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention. 3 is the completed shape of the through hole. FIG. 2 is a process chart of a method for forming a through hole according to the present invention. First, as shown in FIG. 2A, a protective film 4 such as a gold thin film is formed on the upper and lower surfaces of a substrate 1 made of glass.
Is formed to form a pattern to be etched by a photolithography method. That is, in the protective film on one surface of the substrate 1 made of glass, the protective film in the through-hole forming portion is removed by photolithography,
An opening 6 for forming the through hole 3 is formed.
Next, as shown in FIG. 2B, a blast resist film 5 of urethane or the like is coated on the substrate 1 made of glass with the upper surface of the protective film 4 having the opening 6 and the protective film at the opening 6 portion. 4 is formed so as to cover the side surface, and blast processing is performed.
Thereby, the preliminary hole 2 is formed as shown in FIG. For example, when the thickness of the glass substrate is 100 to 500 microns, the particle size of the blast particles used is suitably about 2 to 50 microns. After the blast resist film 5 is peeled off as shown in FIG. 2D, chemical etching is performed using hydrofluoric acid or the like using the protective film 4 described above. At this time,
Etching proceeds to enlarge the shape of the preliminary hole, and FIG.
As shown in (e), the finished shape of the through hole 3 is obtained. Then, as shown in FIG. 2F, the protective film 4 is peeled off to complete the through hole 3. It should be noted that there is no problem in processing the preliminary hole 2 even before the formation of the protective film 4. (Embodiment 2) FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention. The machining depth of the preliminary hole 2 by blasting penetrates to the opposite surface as shown in FIG. A through hole 3 was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the preliminary hole 2 was penetrated.
In this case, the through holes 3 were formed more linearly than in Example 1. Although the blasting time was slightly longer than in Example 1, the etching time was shortened, and the variation in the shape of the through-hole was reduced. (Example 3) The same processing as in Example 1 was performed except that the substrate 1 was made of quartz. When the crystal is etched, the through hole is irregularly etched due to the anisotropy of the crystal, and a through hole having a uniform wall surface cannot be obtained. By performing the etching after forming the preliminary holes 2 by blasting as in the through-hole forming method of the present invention, the time for the etching is shortened, and the through-hole 3 is etched according to the crystal structure of the quartz crystal and has anisotropy. Processing was completed before, and the through hole 3 having a straight wall surface was formed. (Embodiment 4) A manufacturing process of an embodiment of a piezoelectric vibrator using a lid in which a through-hole is formed by the through-hole forming method of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The piezoelectric vibrator of the present embodiment has a piezoelectric vibrating plate having a piezoelectric vibrating piece and a frame-shaped portion integrally connected to the base end thereof and surrounding the periphery of the piezoelectric vibrating piece. A pair of excitation electrode films provided to vibrate the piezoelectric vibrating plate and a bonding film connected to the excitation electrode film are joined together to hermetically seal in a vibrable state without interfering with the vibration of the piezoelectric vibrating reed. This is a structure including a pair of lids having a concave portion, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, a crystal resonator 10 made of crystal (SiO 2 ) and having a tuning-fork type crystal resonator element. A quartz vibrating plate 12 comprising a quartz vibrating piece 11 and a frame 15 integrally formed so as to surround the periphery thereof;
2 and a pair of lids 14 bonded to both surfaces to hermetically seal the crystal vibrating piece 11 in a vibrable state. As shown in FIG. 5A, the lid 14 has a plurality of recesses 13 formed in a lid forming substrate 22 made of, for example, soda lime glass. That is, the plurality of lids 1 are placed on the lid forming substrate 22.
4 are integrally formed. At the same time, a through hole 22a is formed between each lid 14 in the longitudinal direction of each lid 14, and the inner wall surface of the through hole 22a is formed on the side surface of the lid 14 after cutting the lid forming substrate 22. Become a part. The method of forming such a concave portion 13 is not particularly limited. For example, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6A, a metal thin film is formed on one surface side of the lid forming substrate 22 by a sputtering method. A mask 30 is provided. The mask 30 is provided on the quartz vibrating plate 12 of the lid 14 by photolithography.
An opening 31 is provided by removing the portion of the mask 30 corresponding to the quartz-crystal vibrating reed 11 on the bonding surface side of the mask 30. Then, FIG.
As shown in (2), a plurality of recesses 13 can be formed on the lid forming substrate 22 from the mask 30 by, for example, etching. In addition, the recess 13 can also be formed by a sandblast method using fine particles. And through hole 2
7A, first, as shown in FIG. 7A, a protective film 24 from an etchant such as a gold thin film is formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the lid forming substrate 22 and patterned by photolithography. To form a pattern to be etched. That is, the protective film 24 on the surface of the cover forming substrate 22 opposite to the surface on which the concave portion 13 is formed is patterned by photolithography to remove the protective film 24 in the through-hole forming portion and form the through-hole 22a. An opening 26 for forming the opening is formed. Next, as shown in FIG. 7B, a blast resist film 25 of urethane or the like is formed so as to cover the upper surface and the side surface of the protective film 24 having the opening 26 on the lid forming substrate 22. Perform blasting. As a result, a preliminary hole 32 is formed as shown in FIG. After the blast resist film 25 is peeled off as shown in FIG. 7D, chemical etching is performed using hydrofluoric acid or the like using the protective film 24 described above. At this time, the etching proceeds so as to enlarge the shape of the preliminary hole 32, and as shown in FIG.
2a. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 7F, the protective film was peeled off to complete the through hole 22a. By forming the through-holes 22a in this way, it is possible to form a large number of through-holes 22a on the lid-forming substrate 22 at once with high precision and in a short time in a state where the shape is improved. It should be noted that there is no problem with the timing of processing the preliminary hole 32 even before the formation of the protective film 24. Although not shown, the through hole 22a and the recess 13 may be formed at the same time.
Needless to say, 2a is obtained. Lid forming substrate 2
A protective film 24 from an etchant such as a gold thin film is formed on the upper surface and the lower surface of 2, and the protective film 24 on one surface is patterned by photolithography to form an opening 31 for forming the recess 13. And the lid forming substrate 22
In the protective film 24 on the surface opposite to the surface on which the concave portion 13 is formed, patterning is performed by photolithography to remove the protective film in the through-hole forming portion and form an opening 26 for forming the through-hole 22a. I do. Next, a blast resist film such as a urethane-based film is formed so as to cover the upper surface and the side surface of the protective film on the side of the cover forming substrate 22 having the opening for forming the through hole 22a, and to form the through hole. Blasting to form preliminary holes. After stripping the blast resist film, chemically etch it with hydrofluoric acid etc. using the previous protective film,
The through hole 22a has a finished shape. Thereafter, the protective film was peeled off to complete the through hole 22a. Recess 13
Is etched from the opening 31 for forming the concave portion 13 provided by photolithography on the protective film 24 on the surface on the side where the concave portion 13 is formed at the etching stage, and is completed together with the through hole 22a. As shown in FIG. 5B, the quartz vibrating plate 12 is formed by etching a quartz wafer 21 having a thickness of 0.02 to 0.2 mm, thereby forming a plurality of quartz vibrating pieces on one quartz wafer 21. 11 is formed. That is, a plurality of quartz diaphragms 12 are integrally formed on a quartz wafer 21. At the same time, the lid forming substrate 2
2, a through hole 21a smaller than the through hole 22a is formed in a portion corresponding to the through hole 22a.
After cutting 1, it becomes a part of the side surface of the quartz plate 12. For example, as shown in FIG. 8A, a metal film of chromium, aluminum, or the like is formed by sputtering or the like over the entire surface of the crystal wafer 21 thus formed. In this embodiment, aluminum is used. Next, as shown in FIG. 8B, the metal film is patterned, an excitation electrode film 16 for vibrating the quartz vibrating reed 11, a bonding film 17 serving as an actual bonding film with the lid forming substrate 22, 18 is the crystal vibrating piece 1
It is formed so as to correspond to a portion to be the frame-shaped portion 15 around the first portion.
Here, each of the excitation electrode films 16a and 16b is extended to the end of each surface on the opposite side in the longitudinal direction, and the excitation electrode film 16 of one pole is formed.
a is connected to the lead electrode 19, and the other electrode of the excitation electrode 1
6b is connected to the lead electrode 20. Next, FIG.
As shown in (c), the lid 14 is provided on both sides of the quartz wafer 21.
Are arranged and heated to, for example, 100 ° C. to 200 ° C. in an inert gas or vacuum, and the bonding film 1 on the upper and lower surfaces of the quartz wafer 21 is placed.
DC power supply is applied to each of the lids 7 and 18 and the lid forming substrate 22 so that the bonding films 17 and 18 become anodes.
A direct current voltage of 33 kV is applied and anodic bonding is performed to hermetically seal the crystal vibrating piece 11 in each recess 13. When the crystal wafer 21 and the lid-forming substrate 22 are bonded by anodic bonding in this manner, then, as shown in FIG.
8 and the surface of one of the lids 14, for example, chrome (C
r) and a metal film made of gold (Au) or the like is formed by sputtering or the like, and the metal film is patterned to form lead electrodes 19 and 20 on the surface of the lid 14 on the side where the bonding film 17 is extended. Formed over. afterwards,
As shown in FIG. 8E, the wafer was cut at a predetermined position by dicing or the like to obtain individual crystal units. In other words, the lead electrodes 19 and 20 are formed from the bonding films 17 and 18 to the surface of the lid 14 through the inner wall surface of the through hole 22a of the lid. Since the shape of the hole 21a is improved and the through hole has a straight and smooth wall surface, the metal film can be formed uniformly, the electrical conduction is good, and a crystal oscillator having a low resistance value is obtained. . In this embodiment,
Although the lid of the piezoelectric vibrator is formed of soda lime glass, the method of the present invention may be used to form through holes in the lid when quartz is used. (Example 5) A piezoelectric vibrator was formed in the same process as in Example 4, except that the through-hole of the preliminary hole 32 was pierced to the opposite surface in forming a through hole in the lid of the piezoelectric vibrator. . In this case, the through hole 22a was formed more linearly. Although the blasting time was slightly longer, the etching time was shortened, and the variation in the shape of the through hole was reduced. Since the inner wall surface of the through hole was more linear, a metal film for forming a lead electrode was formed favorably.

【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明の方法によ
ればエッチング加工法での抜け形状を改善でき、さら
に、基板上に多数のスルーホールを一度に形成でき、高
精度、微細加工が可能で比較的加工時間が短いというエ
ッチング加工法の長所を生かすことが可能となる。これ
により、小型で低価格の圧電振動子を得ることが可能と
なる。さらに、直線的で滑らかな壁面をもつスルーホー
ルを形成できることから、その内壁面に金属膜を均一に
成膜でき、電気的導通が良好な圧電振動子が得られる。
As described above, according to the method of the present invention, it is possible to improve the missing shape in the etching method, and furthermore, it is possible to simultaneously form a large number of through holes on the substrate, thereby achieving high precision and fine processing. It is possible to take advantage of the advantage of the etching processing method that is possible and the processing time is relatively short. This makes it possible to obtain a small and inexpensive piezoelectric vibrator. Furthermore, since a through hole having a straight and smooth wall surface can be formed, a metal film can be uniformly formed on the inner wall surface, and a piezoelectric vibrator having good electrical conduction can be obtained.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図1】本発明のスルーホールの断面図である。FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a through hole according to the present invention.

【図2】本発明のスルーホールの形成工程図である。FIG. 2 is a process chart of forming a through hole according to the present invention.

【図3】本発明の他の実施形態のスルーホールの断面図
である。
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a through hole according to another embodiment of the present invention.

【図4】本発明の実施形態の圧電振動子の断面図であ
る。
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the piezoelectric vibrator according to the embodiment of the present invention.

【図5】本発明の実施形態の蓋体形成基板及び水晶ウェ
ハーを示す概略図である。
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a lid forming substrate and a quartz wafer according to the embodiment of the present invention.

【図6】本発明の蓋体の凹部の形成工程図である。FIG. 6 is a process diagram of forming a concave portion of the lid according to the present invention.

【図7】本発明の蓋体のスルーホール部分の形成工程図
である。
FIG. 7 is a process diagram of forming a through-hole portion of the lid according to the present invention.

【図8】本発明の圧電振動子の製造工程を示す図であ
る。
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a manufacturing process of the piezoelectric vibrator of the present invention.

【図9】従来のスルーホールの断面図である。FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional through hole.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

1 基板 2、32 予備穴 3、21a、22a スルーホール 4、24 保護膜 5、25 ブラスト加工用レジスト膜 6、26 開口部 10 水晶振動子 11 水晶振動片 12 水晶振動板 13 凹部 14 蓋体 15 枠状部 16 励振電極膜 17、18 接合膜 19、20 リード電極 21 水晶ウェハー 22 蓋体形成基板 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Substrate 2, 32 Preliminary hole 3, 21a, 22a Through hole 4, 24 Protective film 5, 25 Blast processing resist film 6, 26 Opening 10 Quartz crystal vibrator 11 Quartz vibrating piece 12 Quartz vibrating plate 13 Concave part 14 Cover 15 Frame 16 Excitation electrode film 17, 18 Bonding film 19, 20 Lead electrode 21 Quartz wafer 22 Lid forming substrate

Claims (4)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 基板の上下面に保護膜を形成し、フォト
リソグラフィー法により一方の面の前記保護膜に開口部
を形成し、 前記開口部を有する側の前記保護膜の上面および前記開
口部の部分の前記保護膜の側面を覆うレジスト膜を形成
し、 ブラスト加工により予備穴を形成し、 前記レジスト膜を除去し、 エッチング加工によりスルーホールを形成し、 前記保護膜を除去することを特徴とするスルーホールの
形成方法。
1. A protective film is formed on upper and lower surfaces of a substrate, an opening is formed in the protective film on one surface by photolithography, and an upper surface of the protective film on the side having the opening and the opening are formed. Forming a resist film covering the side surface of the protective film in the area of, forming a preliminary hole by blasting, removing the resist film, forming a through hole by etching, and removing the protective film. Method of forming through holes.
【請求項2】 請求項1に記載の予備穴は基板の上下面
を貫通することを特徴とするスルーホール形成方法。
2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the preliminary holes penetrate the upper and lower surfaces of the substrate.
【請求項3】 圧電振動子とその基端部に一体的に接続
されて当該圧電振動片の周囲を囲む枠状部とを有する圧
電振動板と、前記圧電振動板の両側表面に設けられて前
記圧電振動板を振動させる一対の励振電極膜と、前記励
振電極膜と連結する接合膜を介して接合されて前記圧電
振動片のその振動を妨げることなく気密封止する凹部を
有する一対のガラスからなる蓋体とを具備する圧電振動
子において、 前記蓋体を複数形成する蓋体形成基板の上下面に保護膜
を形成し、 フォトリソグラフィー法により一方の面の前記保護膜に
開口部を形成し、 前記開口部を有する側の前記保護膜の上面および側面を
覆うレジスト膜を形成し、 ブラスト加工により予備穴を形成し、 前記レジスト膜を除去し、 エッチング加工によりスルーホールを形成し、 前記保護膜を除去することを特徴とする圧電振動子の製
造方法。
3. A piezoelectric vibrating plate having a piezoelectric vibrator and a frame-shaped portion integrally connected to a base end thereof and surrounding the piezoelectric vibrating piece, and provided on both side surfaces of the piezoelectric vibrating plate. A pair of glass having a pair of excitation electrode films for vibrating the piezoelectric vibrating plate and a concave portion joined via a bonding film connected to the excitation electrode film to hermetically seal the piezoelectric vibrating piece without hindering its vibration. A protective film formed on the upper and lower surfaces of a lid forming substrate on which a plurality of the lids are formed, and forming an opening in the protective film on one surface by a photolithography method. Forming a resist film covering an upper surface and side surfaces of the protective film on the side having the opening, forming a preliminary hole by blasting, removing the resist film, forming a through hole by etching; Method for manufacturing a piezoelectric vibrator and removing the serial protective film.
【請求項4】 請求項3に記載の予備穴は前記蓋体形成
基板の上下面を貫通することを特徴とする圧電振動子の
蓋体のスルーホール形成方法。
4. A method of forming a through hole in a lid of a piezoelectric vibrator, wherein the preliminary hole according to claim 3 penetrates upper and lower surfaces of the lid forming substrate.
JP2000038437A 2000-02-16 2000-02-16 Through hole formation method Expired - Fee Related JP4031171B2 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005016976A (en) * 2003-06-23 2005-01-20 Seiko Epson Corp Manufacturing method of vibrating reed, oscillator, gyroscope sensor, and electronic equipment
JP2009177736A (en) * 2008-01-28 2009-08-06 Murata Mfg Co Ltd Method of manufacturing electronic component
JP2010187054A (en) * 2009-02-10 2010-08-26 Nippon Dempa Kogyo Co Ltd Piezoelectric device
JP2011508079A (en) * 2007-12-19 2011-03-10 アプライド マテリアルズ インコーポレイテッド Method for cleaning process kit and chamber, and method for recovering ruthenium
JP2014005172A (en) * 2012-06-25 2014-01-16 Ulvac Seimaku Kk Forming method of through hole and glass substrate with through hole

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005016976A (en) * 2003-06-23 2005-01-20 Seiko Epson Corp Manufacturing method of vibrating reed, oscillator, gyroscope sensor, and electronic equipment
JP4492048B2 (en) * 2003-06-23 2010-06-30 セイコーエプソン株式会社 Vibrating piece manufacturing method, vibrator, gyro sensor, and electronic device
JP2011508079A (en) * 2007-12-19 2011-03-10 アプライド マテリアルズ インコーポレイテッド Method for cleaning process kit and chamber, and method for recovering ruthenium
JP2014194085A (en) * 2007-12-19 2014-10-09 Quantam Global Technologies Llc Method for cleaning process kit and chamber, and method for recovering ruthenium
JP2009177736A (en) * 2008-01-28 2009-08-06 Murata Mfg Co Ltd Method of manufacturing electronic component
JP2010187054A (en) * 2009-02-10 2010-08-26 Nippon Dempa Kogyo Co Ltd Piezoelectric device
US8227958B2 (en) 2009-02-10 2012-07-24 Nihon Dempa Kogyo Co., Ltd. Piezoelectric devices and methods for manufacturing same
JP2014005172A (en) * 2012-06-25 2014-01-16 Ulvac Seimaku Kk Forming method of through hole and glass substrate with through hole

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