JP2001225246A - Spherical surface creating method and spherical surface creating device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To facilitate the change of workpieces or tools even if they are small- sized, and to create a spherical surface with high accuracy. SOLUTION: This spherical surface creating device has an ultrasonic oscillator 13 for giving an ultrasonic vibration to a tool 18 via a horn 15, the tool 18 being held in a holding part 17a formed on one end of the oscillator 13, a resting table 27 disposed opposite to the holding part 17a for detachably holding a workpiece 29 in which a spherical shape is created or an auxiliary appliance 28 with the workpiece 29 fixed thereon, a workpiece changing means 44 for conveying workpieces, in which spherical shapes are created, from a workpiece supplying part 45 positioned apart from the resting table 27 to the resting table 27 and then changing them, a tool supplying means 21 for supplying the holding part 17a with one of the tools 18 corresponding to a spherical shape created in a workpiece, a measuring instrument 25 for detecting the depth of a spherical shape created in a workpiece 29, and a controller 70 for controlling the oscillator 13, table 27, the changing means 44, and the supplying means 21 based on a detection signal by the instrument 25.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for generating a spherical surface on a workpiece (work) such as an optical element with a desired curvature and depth with high precision.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIGS. 8 and 9 show that a spherical surface is created by using vibrations such as ultrasonic waves.
This is a spherical surface generating device previously filed as No. 5463, in which a tool shaft portion 112 is disposed above and a work shaft portion 113 is disposed below.

A tool 104 for applying vibration such as ultrasonic vibration is attached to the tool shaft 112, and the whole is vertically moved and stopped along a guide 121 attached to the upper part of a gantry (not shown). It is free. The tool shaft portion 112 includes an ultrasonic oscillator 101 including an ultrasonic oscillator (not shown) whose output is controlled by a controller 120, a shaft body 102 integrally attached to a lower end of the ultrasonic oscillator 101, A horn 103 fixed to the lower end of the shaft body 102 is provided. A tool holding portion 103a is formed at a lower end of the horn 103, and a spherical tool 104 made of a steel ball is held by the tool holding portion 103a.

[0004] A work shaft 113 includes a mounting table 106 for fixing a lens 105 to be processed by bonding or the like;
And a pressurizing cylinder 107 for supporting the mounting table 106. The pressurizing cylinder 107 is attached to the lower part of a gantry, not shown, and presses upwardly the mounting table 106 in a state where the spherical tool 104 and the upper surface 105a of the lens 105 to be processed are in contact with each other. It acts as a pressurizing means for applying a load in the direction of the portion 112. A detection terminal of a dial gauge 108 fixedly supported on a part of the gantry abuts on the upper surface of the gantry 106, and measures an amount of vertical displacement of the gantry 106 due to creation of a spherical surface on the lens 105. It is supposed to.

[0005] In addition to the above, a dispenser 110 is provided as a working fluid supply means for supplying a working fluid. Dispenser 110 includes tool 104 and lens 105
The processing liquid 109 in which diamond powder as the abrasive grains 111 is dispersed in water is dropped and supplied to the interface with.

In such an apparatus, the ultrasonic oscillator 101 is lowered along the guide 121 while the spherical tool 104 is held by the tool holding portion 103a at the lower end of the horn 103, and the tool 104 and the mounting table 106 The lowering of the tool shaft 112 is stopped by bringing the fixed upper surface 105a of the lens 105 into contact with the fixed lens 105. In this state, the controller 120 causes the ultrasonic oscillator 101 to output ultrasonic waves. Due to this ultrasonic vibration, as shown in FIG. 9, the spherical tool 104 has a moment at which the spherical tool 104 microscopically separates from the tool holding part 103 a and the concave spherical surface 105 b of the lens 105. At this time, the tool 10
Abrasive grains 111 contained in the working fluid 109 are interposed between 4 and the processing concave spherical surface 105b.

[0007] Then, the tool 104 causes the abrasive grains 111 to strike the processed concave spherical surface 105 b of the lens 105 by ultrasonic vibration to advance the processing. Processing proceeds and the lens 105
As the concave spherical surface 105b is formed on the cylinder 107,
Accordingly, the mounting table 106 on which a predetermined load is applied is displaced upward. This displacement is read by the dial gauge 108. Since the amount of displacement is based on the sum of the depth of the concave spherical surface 105b created in the lens 105 and the diameter of the abrasive grains 111, the ultrasonic oscillation is stopped when it is read that the processing has progressed to the target depth. To end the processing.

[0008]

When the above-mentioned spherical surface is created, a lens (work) with respect to the mounting table is required.
It is necessary to fix the lens, take out the lens (finished product) after processing, and replace the tool 104, but this replacement is performed manually. For this reason, there is a problem that it is troublesome to replace the lens 105 one by one, and it is difficult to replace the tool 104 due to a small diameter of the steel ball (for example, a diameter of 5 mm or less). Also, when finishing the processing,
Because the operation timing of the end of machining tends to shift,
There is also a problem that processing accuracy is not stable.

The present invention has been made in consideration of such conventional problems, and makes it easy and easy to exchange the work and the tool even in the case of processing a work with a small-diameter tool which is difficult to handle. It is an object of the present invention to provide a spherical surface generating method and a spherical surface generating apparatus capable of performing machining with high accuracy.

[0010]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a spherical surface generating method for generating a spherical shape of a tool on a workpiece by vibrating a tool having a spherical surface by ultrasonic vibration. Transporting a toy on which the workpiece is fixed between the tool to be ultrasonically vibrated and the mounting table for holding the work on which the spherical shape is created, and holding and fixing the toy at a loading portion of the mounting table, Attach the work and the tool on the fixed yatoy and supply a machining liquid in which abrasive grains are dispersed to the applied portion, and then,
After the tool is ultrasonically vibrated to create a spherical shape on the work, the set spherical shape is created, and the toy on which the work is fixed is transported from the loading section of the mounting table.

In the present invention, the workpiece is fixed to the toy,
Since this work is held on the mounting table to create a spherical surface on the work, even small work can be handled easily.
It is easy to fix the work to the mounting table and to take out the finished product after processing is completed.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a spherical surface generating method for generating a spherical shape of a tool on a workpiece by vibrating a tool having a spherical surface by ultrasonic vibration. Positioning a tool supply unit containing a tool to be used for creating a spherical shape of a workpiece, and relatively moving the tool holding unit and the tool supply unit so that one tool in the tool supply unit is moved to the tool holding unit; Only, then the tool holding unit and the tool supply unit are relatively moved and separated from each other, and the tool supply unit is retracted from the positioning position with respect to the tool holding unit. Is brought into contact with the work, and in this contact state, a spherical shape is created on the work.

According to the present invention, the tool supply means is positioned with respect to the tool holding portion for holding the tool, and only one tool is held on the tool holding portion from the tool supply means. It can be done easily.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a spherical surface generating apparatus for generating a spherical shape of a tool on a workpiece by vibrating a tool having a spherical surface by ultrasonic vibration, wherein a tool holding portion for holding the tool has one end. And an ultrasonic oscillator for applying ultrasonic vibration to a tool held by the tool holding unit via a horn, and a work or a work arranged to face the tool holding unit and creating a spherical shape. A mounting table for detachably holding the fixed toy, and transporting the work for creating the spherical shape to the mounting table,
It is characterized by including a work delivery means for delivering and receiving a work, and a work supply unit for supplying the work carried by the work delivery means to the work delivery means at a position away from the mounting table.

According to the present invention, since the work transfer means supplies the work from the work supply section to the mounting table, the work can be automatically replaced, and the work can be easily replaced.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a spherical surface generating apparatus for generating a spherical shape of a tool on a workpiece by vibrating a tool having a spherical surface by ultrasonic vibration, wherein a tool holding portion for holding the tool has one end. And an ultrasonic oscillator for applying ultrasonic vibration to a tool held by the tool holding unit via a horn, and a work or a work arranged to face the tool holding unit and creating a spherical shape. A mounting table for detachably holding a toy to which is fixed, and tool supply means for supplying one of the tools corresponding to the spherical shape created on the work to the tool holding section.

According to the present invention, since the tool supply means supplies one of the tools to the tool holding portion, the tool exchange required for the spherical surface creation can be easily performed.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a spherical surface generating apparatus for generating a spherical shape of a tool on a workpiece by vibrating a tool having a spherical surface by ultrasonic vibration, wherein a tool holding portion for holding the tool has one end. And an ultrasonic oscillator for applying ultrasonic vibration to a tool held by the tool holding unit via a horn, and a work or a work arranged to face the tool holding unit and creating a spherical shape. A mounting table for detachably holding a toy on which the fixing member is fixed, and a work transfer means for transferring and transferring a work for creating a spherical shape to the mounting table from a work supply unit at a position distant from the position of the mounting table. Tool supply means for supplying one of the tools corresponding to the spherical shape created on the work to the tool holding unit, a measuring device for detecting the depth of the spherical shape created on the work, It is characterized by including a control device for controlling the ultrasonic oscillator, the mounting table, the work transfer means and the tool supply means based on the detection signal from the measuring instrument.

According to the present invention, an ultrasonic oscillator for performing ultrasonic vibration, a mounting table for holding a work or a toy, a work transfer means for supplying the work to the mounting table, and a tool supply means for supplying one of the tools to the tool holding section Are controlled by the control means based on the detection signal from the measuring instrument, so that the work and the tool can be easily exchanged, and stable and accurate machining can be performed.

[0020]

(Embodiment 1) FIGS. 1 to 4 show Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view thereof. The spherical surface generating apparatus according to this embodiment is configured such that a tool shaft portion 40 is disposed above and a work shaft portion 42 is disposed below.

On the tool shaft portion 40 side, the ultrasonic oscillator 13,
A controller 70 as a control device for controlling other members to be described later, a ball screw 11 which is rotated by driving an elevating motor 10 mounted on an upper portion of a gantry (not shown), and a direct And a motion guide 12. The ultrasonic oscillator 13 is mounted on a bracket 12 a that is bridged between the ball screw 11 and the linear motion guide 12, and can be arbitrarily moved in the vertical direction under the control of the controller 70. The ultrasonic oscillator 13 has a built-in ultrasonic vibrator (not shown), and outputs ultrasonic waves downward.

The ultrasonic oscillator 13 includes a shaft 14 integrally provided at a lower end thereof and serving as an ultrasonic amplifier, and a shaft 14.
And a horn 15 made of a magnetic material fixed to the lower end of the horn 15. A tool holder 1 having a tool holder 17a for holding a tool 18 is formed at the lower end of the horn 15.
7 is detachably provided by screws. In this embodiment, a concave surface having a radius of curvature (R) of 2.0 mm corresponding to the diameter (for example, 4.0 mm in diameter) of a spherical tool 18 made of a steel ball is provided as the tool holding portion 17a.

A coil 16 for magnetizing the horn 15 is wound around the outer periphery of the horn 15. The coil 16 is connected to a controller 70 for controlling the ultrasonic oscillator 13 so that an arbitrary voltage can be supplied.
The reason why the tool holder 17 is made detachable with respect to the horn 15 is that when the curvature changes due to wear of the tool holder 17a of the tool holder 17, the tool holder 17 is detached.
Is to be exchangeable. Therefore, the tool holder 17
If the wear of a is small, there is no need to replace it, and the horn 15 and the tool holder 17 can be formed integrally.

The work cylinder 42 is provided with a pressurizing cylinder 26 as a pressurizing mechanism.
The mounting table 27 is supported by 6. The pressurizing cylinder 26 is controlled by the controller 70 and drives the mounting table 27 in the vertical direction. This driving force amount can be set arbitrarily. The pressure source of the pressure cylinder 26 may be hydraulic or pneumatic. The pressing mechanism includes a pressing cylinder 2
A mechanism other than 6, such as a magnetic force, a spring, or a mechanism using a screw connected to a motor may be used. On the upper surface of the mounting table 27 above the pressurizing cylinder 26, there is formed a loading section 71 for freely holding the lower shaft 28a of the yoke 28 to which the lens 29 is attached.

As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG.
Is a circular holding hole 71 formed in the center of the mounting table 27.
a and a pair of guide grooves 71 toward the center of the holding hole 71a.
b. A pair of holding claws 73 are slidably inserted into the pair of guide grooves 71b. Both sides and the lower surface of the holding claws 73 slide along the guide grooves 71b. A holding cylinder 75 for moving the holding claw 73 forward and backward via the rod 74 is embedded in the base end portion of each of the pair of guide grooves 71b.

A pair of holding claws 73 hold the jaw 28 to which the lens 29 is attached. Yatoi 28
Has a shape in which a lower shaft portion 28a, a large-diameter flange portion 28b, and a lens attaching portion 28c are integrally formed coaxially. In this case, since the upper surface of the holding claw 73 slidable in the guide groove 71b does not protrude from the upper surface of the mounting table 27, the lower shaft portion 28a of the yat 28 to which the lens 29 is attached is inserted into the holding hole 71a. When the outer peripheral surface of the lower shaft portion 28a of the toy 28 is clamped by driving the clamping cylinder 75 after being locked by the flange portion 28b on the outer periphery of the toy 28, The center of the tool holding part 17a (that is, the ball center of the tool 18) is located.

In FIGS. 3 and 4, the guide groove 71b is shown.
Alternatively, an escape hole (not shown) for the machining fluid entering the holding hole 71a is formed, and the machining fluid is discharged through the escape hole. The piping of the supply source for driving the holding cylinder 75 is not shown.

In order to measure the amount of vertical movement of the mounting table 27,
As shown in FIG. 1, the detection unit is directed to the lower surface of the mounting table 27,
An electric micrometer 25 is provided as a measuring device attached to a fastener 24 fixed on a stand (not shown). The electric micrometer 25 may be either a contact type or a non-contact type.

On the right side of the work shaft section 42, a tool collection and delivery section 4
1 is arranged. The tool collection and delivery unit 41 includes the table 2
A table 22 is attached to the upper part of the table 3. The table 23 incorporates a cylinder for moving the table 22 up and down and a motor for rotating the table. The table 22 has a cut-out portion in which a part thereof (approximately a little less than half on the left side in the figure) is cut out, and a mounting portion composed of about a little more than half on the right side. Instead of the notch, a hole through which the flange portion 28b having the maximum diameter of the toy 28 can pass may be formed.

When the notch is positioned above the holding hole 71a at the center of the mounting table 27 due to the rotation of the table 23, the jaw 28 is conveyed to the mounting table 27 of the work shaft 42, and the yaw 28 is inserted into the holding hole. It is arranged so as to be positioned with respect to 71a.

The mounting portion of the table 22 has a tool holding portion 1
Five tool supply members 21 constituting a tool supply unit for supplying the spherical tool 18 to 7a are provided. FIG. 2 shows a cross section of the tool supply member 21.
It is shaped like a letter. Inside the tool supply member 21, a slope 21a having an open upper surface is formed, and the slope 21a is filled with a plurality of spherical tools 18. A vertical drop 21b through which only one spherical tool 18 passes is formed at the bottom of the slope 21a. A horizontal hole 21c is formed below the pit 21b so as to communicate with the pit 21b.

The lateral hole 21c houses a chamber 54 for receiving one tool 18 supplied from the drop hole 21b, a feed hole 56 for sending out the supplied tool 18, a rod 53 and a piston 51 for sending out the tool 18. And an air supply hole 50. The air supply hole 50 is
Compressed air is supplied and exhausted from a compressed air supply source (not shown) through a joint 50a formed on a lower side surface of the tool supply member 21. The outer peripheral surface of the piston 51 in the air supply hole 50 is tightly fitted to the inner peripheral surface of the air supply hole 50, and is applied to one side (the right side in the drawing) by a spring 52. The rod 53 is connected to the piston 51, and its tip is stopped at the position of the chamber 54.

The chamber 54 is large enough to accommodate only one tool 18. Accordingly, the tools 18 drop into the chamber 54 one by one from the pit 21b. The feed hole 56 has a diameter larger than the diameter of the tool 18, and a rubber bush 55 having an inner diameter slightly smaller than the diameter of the tool 18 is disposed between the feed hole 56 and the chamber 54. Further, a tool supply hole 57 having a diameter into which the lower end of the tool holder 17 can be inserted is provided at the tip end of the feed hole 56.
The linear motion guide 12 is opened in the same vertical direction as the extending direction. The bottom of the tool supply hole 57 is tapered, and the tool 18 is positioned at the center of the hole axis.

Further, the tool supply hole 57 of each tool supply member 21 on the mounting portion of the table 22 is
Is arranged such that the center of the hole axis and the axis of the tool holder 17 are substantially coaxial with each other by the rotation of. When a plurality of tool supply members 21 are arranged in this way, each tool supply member 21 may house a tool 18 having the same diameter or a tool 18 having a different diameter.

Incidentally, the tool supply member 21 may have a structure in which only the tool supply hole 57 having a tapered bottom is formed. In this case, the tool 18 may be loaded into the tool supply hole 57 from above, and the next tool 18 may be loaded again when the tool 18 is unloaded by the tool holder 17.

As shown in FIG. 1, when the table 22 rotates, the tool holder 17
A washing tank 19 filled with a washing liquid such as water for washing the lower end of the tool holder, and a drying tank 20 having an air blower means for removing and drying the washing liquid attached to the tool holder 17 after washing are provided.

A machining fluid supply unit 43 is disposed on the left side of the work shaft 42 opposite to the tool collection and distribution unit 41.
The processing liquid supply unit 43 includes a processing liquid stirring unit 34 and a dispenser 30 that supplies the stirred processing liquid to the lens.

A processing liquid container 32 is mounted on the stirring unit 34. In the container 32, a magnetic stirrer (A) for stirring the processing liquid together with a processing liquid mixed with abrasive grains having a predetermined particle size is provided. (Not shown).
The dispenser 30 is a tubular cylinder into which the processing liquid 33 can be sucked and discharged at an arbitrary amount and speed under the control of the controller 70. The dispenser 30 is attached to the pick-and-place 31 so that it can be inserted into the processing liquid container 32. The pick-and-place 31 moves the tip of the dispenser 30 between the processing liquid container 32 and an arbitrary position between the vicinity of the lens 29 by being controlled by the controller 70.

On the front side of the work shaft section 42, a lens transfer section 44 is arranged. Lens delivery unit 44
Has a cylindrical arm base 35 from which the support shaft 35a protrudes. A support shaft 35a protruding from the arm base 35 has an arm 36 attached to its upper end by a cylinder and a motor (both not shown) provided inside the arm base 35.
Are supported vertically and rotatably. A bottomed cylindrical toy holding member 37 is fixed to the tip of the arm 36.
The toy holding member 37 is a toy 28 to which a lens is attached.
Abuts on the upper surface of the flange portion 28b of
The sucker 8 is held to hold the toy 28 (suction means is not shown).

On the circumferential locus of the rotation of the jaw holding member 37 by the support shaft 35a, a jaw insertion hole is provided on the mounting table 27 of the work shaft 42. At another position on this trajectory, there is provided a lens transporting section 45 for supplying a toy with a lens attached to the toy insertion hole.

The lens conveyor 45 is provided for the traveling conveyor 3
9, and a plurality of pallets 38a, 38b, 38c, 38d, 38e... Are intermittently conveyed by the conveyor 39. Each pallet 38a, 38b, 38c,
38d, 38e...
A positioning hole (not shown) for engaging and positioning with (see FIG. 4) is formed, and a toy 28 to which one lens 29 is attached can be mounted. Note that a plurality of positioning holes may be provided on the pallet in the moving direction of the conveyor 39. The conveyor 39 connects a pre-process of the processing step (for example, a step of attaching a lens to a toy) and a post-process of the processing step (for example, a step of further polishing the concave spherical surface of the lens). Pallets 38a, 38b, 38c, 38d, 38e to be conveyed
.., The toy holding member 37 by the controller 70
Is controlled so that it can be stopped at the transfer position for taking out or returning the toy.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. Lens 29 (made of optical glass; diameter 4.0 m) with adhesive
m, thickness 2.2 mm)
Is put on the pallet 38. The pallet 38 conveyed on the conveyor 39 is moved by the yat holding member 37
At the delivery position (supply position), the conveyor 39 stops. Stopped pallet 38
b stops at that position until the processing of the lens 29 attached to the toy 28 placed thereon is completed. Note that the fixing of the lens 29 to the toy 28 may be, for example, chucking in which the outer periphery of the lens 29 is gripped by a plurality of claws, instead of pasting.

Under the control of the driving means (motor and cylinder) in the arm base 35, the jaw holding portion 37 is rotated and positioned with respect to the jaw 28 on the pallet 38b, and then descends to the flange 28b of the jaw 28. The abutment 28 is held in contact with and sucked by suction. Thereafter, the toy holding member 37 is raised, rotated, and lowered via the support shaft 35a, so that the lower shaft portion 28a of the toy 28 is mounted on the mounting table 2.
7 into the holding hole 71a of the charging section 71. At this position, the lower shaft 28a is held by the pair of holding claws 73 arranged on the mounting table 27, and the yato 28 is held by the mounting table 27. Thereafter, the toy holding member 37 is
The horn 15 is raised and rotated through the support shaft 35a.
And return to a position that does not interfere with the dispenser 30.

When the table 22 rotates, the tool supply member 21 containing the tool 18 having a required diameter among the plurality of tool supply members 21 placed thereon is moved below the tool holder 17 of the horn 15. And the positioning of the tool supply hole 57 is performed. Next, the tool supply member 21
The piston 51 and the rod 53 are pushed in the direction of the feed hole 56 while compressing the spring 52 by the air pressure sent to the air supply hole 50 through the joint 50a. As a result, the rod 53 causes the single tool 18 falling into the chamber 54 to elastically deform the rubber bush 55,
It is pushed out from the outside of the chamber 54. Extruded tool 18
Drops through the feed hole 56 into the tool supply hole 57 and is positioned at the center of the hole axis.

Thereafter, by removing the compressed air supplied to the air supply hole 50, the rod 53 and the piston 51 are pulled back to the original position by the return elastic force of the spring 52. By retreating the rod 53, a new spherical tool 18 falls into the chamber 54, and a setting for the next supply of the tool 18 is performed.

In this state, the table 22 is raised via the table table 23, so that the tip of the tool holder 17 is inserted into the tool supply hole 57. Then, a voltage is applied to the coil 16 by the controller 70 in a state where the concave tool holding portion 17a at the tip of the tool holder 17 and the spherical surface of the tool 18 in the tool supply hole 57 are in contact with each other. As a result, the horn 15 and the tool holder 17 are magnetized, and the tool 1
8 is magnetically held by the tool holder 17a. When holding by the magnetic force in this way, the tool 18 can be held even when the diameter of the steel ball as the tool 18 changes. The means for holding the tool 18 is not limited to magnetic force, but may be suction or gripping.

When the tool 18 is held by the tool holder 17, the table 22 descends and rotates.
The notch, which is a part of the lens 2, is cut into the tool 18 and the lens 2.
9, and the receiver is retracted from between the tool 18 and the lens 29 below the tool 18.

The ultrasonic oscillator 13 is lowered when the bracket 12 a slides on the linear guide 12 by means of the lifting motor 10 and the ball screw 11. Tool 1
8 moves down while being held by the tool holder 17 and hits the lens 29. Even after the tool 18 comes into contact with the lens 29, the tool 18 descends more than the processing amount, pushes down the pressing cylinder 26 as a pressing mechanism, and then stops.
As a result, the pressure cylinder 26 is pushed downward, and the tool 18 and the lens 29 are in contact with each other by the pressure set by the pressure cylinder 26 at that time.

On the other hand, the working fluid 33 placed in the working fluid container 32 is stirred by a magnetic stirrer of a stirring unit 34 so that abrasive grains interposed in the working fluid are not precipitated. The stirring method is not limited to the magnetic stirrer, and a stirring rod may be used.
Stirring may be performed by shaking the 2 itself.

The dispenser 30 controls the pick-and-place 31 controlled by the controller 70 so that the suction-discharge portion at the tip is stirred in the machining fluid container 32 in the machining fluid 3.
3 soaked. In this state, the dispenser 30 sucks a required amount of the working liquid 33. For processing a concave spherical surface of a small-diameter component having an outer diameter of 5 mm or less, a small suction amount is sufficient.

After the working fluid 33 is sucked into the dispenser 30, the pick and place 31 transfers the dispenser 30 to a working area, that is, a position near the contact point between the tool 18 and the lens 29. The transferred dispenser 30 applies an appropriate amount (for example, 1 to 2) of the processing liquid 33 to the interface between the tool 18 and the lens 29.
Drops) are ejected. After the discharge, the dispenser 30 retreats and stands by at a position where the table 22 does not come into contact even when the table 22 rotates.

The voltage application to the coil 16 is released between the time when the tool 18 comes into contact with the lens 29 and the start of machining, and the tool 18 is moved between the tool holder 17 and the lens 29 by the pressure set by the pressing cylinder 26. Sandwiched between. On this occasion,
If the magnetization remaining in the horn 15, the tool holder 17, and the tool 18 is electrically demagnetized, the tool 18 can easily rotate between the tool holder 17 a and the lens 29.
It is still preferred.

When the holding force of the tool 18 is released from the tool holder 17 and the discharge of the working fluid to the contact portion between the tool 18 and the lens 29 is completed, the vibrator of the ultrasonic oscillator 13 is ultrasonically vibrated. The vibration of the ultrasonic oscillator 13 is efficiently amplified by the shaft 14 and the horn 15 and transmitted to the tool 18 via the tool holder 17. The tool 18 moves the space between the tool holder 17 and the lens 29 by several μm due to the transmitted vibration.
At the same time that the tool 18 vibrates with an amplitude of several tens of μm, the tool 18 itself rotates. By vibrating and rotating the tool 18, the tool 1
A gap is periodically formed between the lens 8 and the lens 29. The discharged working fluid 33 is interposed in this gap.

When the lens 29 is hit by the vibration of the tool 18 over the entire diameter of the tool 18, the R shape obtained by adding the abrasive particle diameter in the working fluid 33 to the radius of the tool 18 becomes a radius of curvature, and becomes a concave spherical surface. Is created and processed.

As the processing of the lens 29 progresses, the mounting table 27 is raised by the pressing cylinder 26 which is a pressing mechanism with respect to the tool shaft 40 that has stopped moving in the vertical direction. The electric micrometer 25, which is a measuring instrument, monitors the amount of rise of the mounting table 27 immediately before the start of ultrasonic oscillation, and the processing depth of the spherical shape of the lens 29 in which the amount of increase of the mounting table 27 is set in advance ( The controller 70 outputs a signal for stopping the ultrasonic vibration to the ultrasonic oscillator 13 according to the monitor signal (detection signal) at the time when it reaches 0.8 mm, for example, and stops the operation of the ultrasonic oscillator 13. After the ultrasonic vibration is stopped, a voltage is applied to the coil 16 again under the control of the controller 70, and the tool holder 17 holds the tool 18 by magnetic force.

Next, the ultrasonic oscillator 13 is raised by the drive of the motor 10, and the tool 18
The cleaning tank 19 is moved below the table by the rotation of the table 22. After that, the table 2
2 rises, and the tool 18 is moved together with the tool holder 17 into the cleaning tank 19.
Inserted in the washing liquid. In this state, the controller 70 releases the voltage applied to the coil 16 and propagates the ultrasonic vibration to the tool holder 17 by the oscillation of the ultrasonic oscillator 13, thereby cleaning the deteriorated machining liquid attached to the tool holder 17. You. At any time when the applied voltage is released or when the ultrasonic wave is oscillated after the applied voltage is released, the tool 18 held by the tool holder 17 falls into the cleaning tank 19. .

After the completion of the cleaning step, the cleaning tank 19 containing the dropped tool 18 is lowered by the lowering of the table 23,
Next, the table 22 is rotated and the drying tank 20 is moved to the tool holder 1.
7 is positioned below. The drying tank 20 is raised by raising the table 23, and the tool holder 17 is inserted into the drying tank. In this state, the cleaning liquid attached to the tool holder 17 is blown off by an air blower provided in the drying tank 20. At this time, it is more effective to perform air blowing while applying ultrasonic vibration to the tool holder 17. After the air blow, the table 22 is lowered and rotated, so that the mounting portion is retracted from between the tool holder 17 and the lens 29, and the notch is located therebetween, and the toy holding portion 37 is moved to the lens 29 position. To secure the entry space.

The lens transfer unit 44 holds the lens 29 together with the toy 28 on the toy holding member 37 by lowering the arm 36 after moving the toy holding member 37 onto the mounting table 27 by the rotation of the arm 36. . The driving of the arm base 35 causes the lens transport unit 4 to move the lens carrier
5 is transported to the pallet 38b stopped on the conveyor 39.

The lens 29 thus processed has been completed.
Is transported by the conveyor 39 to the next step. The pallet 38c on which the lens 29 to be processed next is mounted is transported to the position of the lens transfer unit 44 of the lens transport unit 45, and thereafter, the processing of the next lens 29 proceeds in the same manner.

In this embodiment, when processing the lens, one or two drops are discharged as an appropriate amount to the interface between the tool 18 and the lens 29. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and one drop is discharged first. Alternatively, an additional drop may be ejected while the lens 18 is being processed by the tool 18. At the time of this additional drop, the tool 18 is separated from the lens 29, and the deteriorating working fluid is removed, for example, by wiping with a cloth attached to the tip of a one-axis robot (not shown), and then discharged. Good.

In such an embodiment, it is possible to save labor for agitation work and constant discharge of a work or a tool, which has been difficult to handle due to a minute size, as well as a working fluid. Further, since the processing end timing for stopping the ultrasonic output is automatically determined based on the processing amount of the workpiece, the reliability and stability of the stopping accuracy are increased, and the processing can be performed with high accuracy. Furthermore, connection with the preceding and succeeding processes is possible by the lens transport unit, and the consistent operation of lens processing can be automated.

(Embodiment 2) FIG. 5 shows Embodiment 2 of the present invention. In this embodiment, a transport unit 67 is used instead of the lens transport unit 45 in the first embodiment.

In the transfer unit 67, the pallet 60 can be positioned with respect to the pallet table 61 and can be attached and detached. On the pallet 60, a plurality of holding holes (positioning holes in the first embodiment) for inserting and positioning the jaws 28 to which the lenses 29 are attached as in the first embodiment are formed (18 at a predetermined pitch). I have.

The pallet table 61 is set on a Y stage 63, and is controlled by a linear motion guide (not shown) arranged in the Y stage 63 and a motor 62 arranged at one end.
Movement and positioning in the Y direction are free. The Y stage 63 is mounted on the X stage 64, and can be freely moved and positioned in the X direction by a linear motion guide (not shown) arranged in the X stage 64 and a motor 65 arranged at one end. I have. The moving directions (X, Y) of the X stage 64 and the Y stage 63 are orthogonal.

Further, all of the holding holes for inserting the toy 28 provided on the pallet 60 are located at a work exchange position where the Y toy 28 is transferred to the toy holding portion 37 by the movement of the X stage 64 and the Y stage 63. 66 and can be positioned.

In this embodiment, first, the lower shaft 28a of the toy 28 to which the lens 29 is attached is set in the holding hole on the pallet 60, and a plurality of the toys are arranged on the pallet 60. It is placed on the pallet table 61. Each yatoy 28 on the pallet 60 has an X stage 64
And the Y stage 63 is transported to a work exchange position 66 and positioned in a predetermined order.

The work holding portion 37 is located at the work exchange position 66.
1 is held together with the lens 28,
To the mounting table 27. The transported lens 29 is processed in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and is returned to the same holding hole on the pallet 60 again by the toy holding member 37. Thus, each lens 29 on the pallet 60
Is sequentially sent to the work exchange position 66 by the X stage 64 and the Y stage 63 of the transport unit 67.
When the processing of all the lenses 29 on the pallet 60 is completed, the pallet 60 waits at the position of the pallet table 61 until it is replaced with the next pallet.

In this embodiment, in addition to the operation similar to that of the first embodiment, since the lens is supplied in units of the pallet 60, it is possible to install the apparatus alone, and it is possible to have a compact Can be adapted to production.

As a modification of the present embodiment, the cleaning tank 19, the drying tank 20, the tool, and the The pallet 6 is also used for the supply unit 21.
0, or may be configured on the pallet table 61 together with the pallet 60. In this case, the pallet 60 or the pallet stand 61 moves the cleaning tank 19, the drying tank 20, and the tool supply unit 21, as well as the toy 28, so that the range of positioning extends below the tool holder 17. be able to. Therefore, in this case, since the lens mounting portion and the tool collecting and distributing portion can be integrated, a more compact device can be obtained.

(Embodiment 3) In the above embodiment,
The work (lens) that creates a spherical shape is transported after being attached to the toy. In the present embodiment, the work is directly held and transported.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a locking hole 78 having a shape for fitting the lens 29 to the center axis of the mounting table 27 and locking the lower surface of the lens 29 is formed. And the lens 2 inserted into the locking hole 78.
9 is fixed with a pair of holding claws 73.

When the lens 29 is directly conveyed, a concave portion 79a is formed on the lower surface as a work holding member 79 instead of the yoke holding member 37 as shown in FIG. The adhesive 80 is attached. Then, the lens 29 is attached to the adhesive 80 and transported. In this case, the pallets 38a, 38b, 38c, 38d ...
A lens processed by attaching two holes to the bottom of one of the holes (see FIG. 1) and pasting an adhesive having a stronger adhesive force than the adhesive 80 of the work holding member 79. Is received, and the unprocessed lens (material) is stored in the other hole, so that the lens can be carried out from each pallet and the processed lens can be stored in each pallet satisfactorily. Note that an adhesive having a lower adhesive strength than the adhesive 80 of the work holding member 79 may be attached in the other hole. In addition, when utilizing the adhesive force, the adhesive can be used by attaching the adhesive on a flat surface without being limited to the hole.

From the above embodiments, the present invention includes the following inventions.

(1) In a spherical surface generating apparatus for generating a spherical shape of a tool on a workpiece by vibrating a tool having a spherical surface by ultrasonic vibration, a measuring device for measuring a spherical generating depth on the workpiece and a horn tip. Tool holding means for holding the tool, a tool supply mechanism for supplying the tool alone to the tip of the horn, a tool collection mechanism for collecting the tool from the tip of the horn, and a cleaning mechanism for cleaning the tool holding portion of the tool holding means. A machining fluid supply mechanism for supplying a machining fluid to a machining portion of a work, a workpiece transport mechanism for transporting the workpiece from a process prior to the machining to a subsequent process, and transfer of the workpiece between the workpiece transport mechanism and the machining site. And a workpiece transfer mechanism.

According to the present invention, even for a small tool or a small work, the exchange of the tool or the work becomes easy, and
It is possible to stably perform accurate processing.

(2) The sphere generating apparatus according to the above (1), further comprising a work stock means capable of stocking a plurality of the works.

According to the present invention, the mechanism for exchanging works can be reduced in size.

[0078]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the spherical surface is created by holding the jaw to which the work is fixed on the mounting table, the workability of the work is improved, and the work is fixed to the mounting table and the processing is completed. It is easy to take out the finished product later.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the tool supply means is positioned with respect to the tool holding portion for holding the tool, and only one tool is held by the tool holding portion. Can be easily performed.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the work transfer means supplies the work from the work supply unit to the mounting table, the work can be automatically replaced, and the work can be easily replaced. Can be.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the tool supply means supplies one of the tools to the tool holding portion, it is possible to easily exchange a tool necessary for generating a spherical surface.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention,
Ultrasonic vibration, holding of workpieces and toys on the mounting table, delivery of workpieces, and supply of tools are controlled by control means based on detection signals from measuring instruments, making workpiece and tool replacement easy and stable. As a result, highly accurate machining can be performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an entire first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a tool supply member according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a partial plan view of a mounting table according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the mounting table according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a transport unit according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a partial plan view of the third embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a partial sectional view of the third embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a front view of a conventional spherical surface generating device.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the operation of a conventional spherical surface generating device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 13 Ultrasonic Oscillator 17 Tool Holder 17a Tool Holder 18 Tool 27 Placement Table 28 Jaw Toy 29 Lens

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing on the front page (72) Koji Ishizaki, Inventor Koji Ishizaki 2-43-2, Hatagaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo F-term in Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. (reference) 3C049 AA07 AA11 AA16 AB01 AB03 AB08 AB09 BC01 BC02 CA02 CB01 CB04 3C058 AA07 AA11 AA16 AB01 AB03 AB08 AB09 AC01 BC01 BC02 CA02 CB01 CB04 DA10

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A method of generating a spherical surface of a tool by vibrating a tool having a spherical surface by ultrasonic vibration to create a spherical shape of the tool on a workpiece, wherein the ultrasonically vibrated tool and a workpiece on which the spherical shape is generated are held. Convey the yato with the work fixed between the mounting table, hold and fix this yato in the loading section of the mounting table, apply the work on the fixed yato and the tool, and apply the After supplying the machining fluid in which the abrasive grains are dispersed, the tool is ultrasonically oscillated to create a spherical shape on the work, and after the set spherical shape is created, the work to which the work is fixed is attached to the mounting table as described above. A method for generating a spherical surface, wherein the material is conveyed from an input section. 2. A method for generating a spherical shape of a tool on a workpiece by vibrating a tool having a spherical surface by ultrasonic vibration, wherein the tool holding portion for holding the tool is used for generating a spherical shape of the workpiece. Positioning the tool supply means accommodating the tool to be moved, and relatively moving the tool holding unit and the tool supply means to cause the tool holding unit to hold only one tool in the tool supply means; And the tool supply means are relatively moved and separated from each other, and the tool supply means is retracted from the positioning position with respect to the tool holding portion. Thereafter, the tool held by the tool holding portion is brought into contact with the work, and A method for creating a spherical surface, wherein a spherical shape is created on a work in a contact state. 3. A spherical surface generating apparatus for generating a spherical shape of a tool on a workpiece by vibrating a tool having a spherical surface by ultrasonic vibration, wherein a tool holding portion for holding the tool is formed at one end. An ultrasonic oscillator for applying ultrasonic vibration to the tool held by the part via a horn, and a work that creates a spherical shape or a jaw to which the work is fixed, which is disposed to face the tool holding part and is detachably held. A worktable for transferring the work for generating the spherical shape to the worktable, and a work transfer means for transferring the work, and transferring the work conveyed by the work transfer means at a position away from the worktable. A work supply unit for supplying the work transfer means. 4. A spherical surface generating apparatus for generating a spherical shape of a tool on a workpiece by vibrating a tool having a spherical surface by ultrasonic vibration, wherein a tool holding portion for holding the tool is formed at one end. An ultrasonic oscillator for applying ultrasonic vibration to the tool held by the part via a horn, and a work that creates a spherical shape or a jaw to which the work is fixed, which is disposed to face the tool holding part and is detachably held. And a tool supply unit for supplying one of tools corresponding to a spherical shape to be created on the workpiece to the tool holding unit. 5. A spherical surface generating device for generating a spherical shape of a tool on a workpiece by vibrating a tool having a spherical surface by ultrasonic vibration, wherein a tool holding portion for holding the tool is formed at one end. An ultrasonic oscillator for applying ultrasonic vibration to the tool held by the part via a horn, and a work that creates a spherical shape or a jaw to which the work is fixed, which is disposed to face the tool holding part and is detachably held. A worktable for transferring a work that creates a spherical shape to the worktable from a work supply unit at a position apart from the position of the worktable; Tool supply means for supplying one of the corresponding tools to the tool holder, a measuring device for detecting the depth of the spherical shape created on the work, and a measuring device based on a detection signal from the measuring device. And a control device for controlling the ultrasonic oscillator, the mounting table, the work transfer means and the tool supply means.